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ANABASIS 



XENOPHON: 



CHIEFLY ACCORDING TO THE TEXT OF L. DINDOHF ; 



NOTES: 

FOR THE USE OF SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES 



JOHN J. OWEN: 

PRINCIPAL OF THE CORNELIUS INSTITUTE. 




NEW-YORK : 

LEAVITT &, TROW, 194 BROADWAY. 

BOSTON : 
CROCKER & BREWSTER. 



Z ^ ' 184 ^^-^^ s ^ 






fc 



%f^ 



Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1843, by John J. 
Owen, in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the Southern District 
of New-York. 



r 



JOHN F. TROW, PRINTER, 
33 Ann-street 



'. < I 



PREFACE. 

This edition of Xenophon's Anabasis, is chiefly based upon 
the text of L. Dindorf 's larger edition, 1825. Whenever it differs 
from that, the variation is usually found in the notes at the latter 
end of the volume. The following are the editions, to which 
the editor has had access in the correction of the text and in the 
preparation of the notes. 1. Hutchinson's, Glasgow, 1825, a 
work so well known to students as to need no passing remark. 
2. Schneider's. 3. Bornemann's, Leipzig, 1825, an excel- 
lent edition, especially, as throwing light upon obscure and 
doubtful readings. 4. Dindorf s, Leipzig, 1825, in which the 
text has been made perhaps as perfect as in any edition extant. 
5. Poppo's, Leipzig, valuable among other things for the In- 
dex of Greek words based on Zeune's, but enlarged and im- 
proved. 6. Kriiger's, Halle, containing brief but very valu- 
able notes. 7. Belfour's, London, 1830. 8. Long's, London, 
1837, a beautiful edition, following the text of Dindorf, with 
the more important variations noted at the foot of the page. 
References to the Grammar of E. A. Sophocles will be found 
at the bottom of each page of the text, as far as the end of the first 
book. To have continued them through the whole work, would 
have swelled the volume to an expensive size, and besides, they 
were principally designed to assist the student in acquiring 
habits of accuracy and research, by frequently introducing him 
to his grammar in the opening pages of his author, and not 
falsely to impress him with the idea, that he is to make no 
references, solve no grammatical or lexical difficulties, save 
such as are presented to his notice by the editor. 



iv PREFACE. 

The Notes have been prepared with special reference to 
students in the earlier stages of their education, who cannot 
be expected to have at their command, rare and expensive 
helps to elucidate the meaning of the author they are study- 
ing. Hence will be found explanations of idioms, unusual 
constructions, the use of moods, &c, which to a ripe scholar 
might seem superfluous, or which apparently might have been 
dismissed by a simple reference to some grammar or commen- 
tary, where the point is fully discussed and explained. But 
it may be asserted that, even when they have the means at 
their command, students seldom turn aside from the immedi- 
ate duty of preparing themselves for recitation, to search out 
references and investigate idiomatic constructions. It will be 
seen, however, that after a given explanation has once been 
made, a similar word or construction, usually, is either pass- 
ed by without comment, or simply referred to the note where 
the explanation has been previously given. In the prepara- 
tion of the notes, much help has been derived from the labors 
of others, which I have aimed to acknowledge, although in 
some instances, through inadvertence or a desire of brevity, 
I may have omitted to do this. 

The references to Buttmann's and Matthise's Grammars are 
quite copious, inasmuch as the editor believes that these works 
have now quite an extensive circulation, and are in the hands 
of almost every teacher of the language. Equally copious 
references were originally made to Thiersch's and Rost's 
Grammars, but were mostly suppressed from the belief, that 
very few copies of those excellent works are in the private 
libraries of teachers and students. 

The punctuation is essentially that of Dindorf, carefully- 
revised, however, by a comparison of the punctuation of Bor- 
nemann, Kriiger, and Poppo. It may appear to some, that 



SUMMARY. ix 

VI. The character of the five generals. 
BOOK III. 

chap. The Greeks are in great dejection. Xenophon, awakened from 

I. his slumbers by a remarkable dream, arouses first the captains of 
Proxenus, and then the generals and captains of the other divisions. 
At his suggestion, they elect new commanders, in place of those, 
who had been seized by Tissaphernes. 

II. A new council is held, at which, after speeches made by Chiri- 
sophus, Cleanor, and Xenophon, the order of march is resolved up- 
on, and his post assigned to each commander. 

III. As the Greeks are about to commence their march, Mithridates, 
under the guise of friendship, comes to them, but soon shows that he 
is an enemy, and they resolve for the future, to enter into no negotia- 
tions with the Persian king. After the passage of the Zabatus, they 
are harassed by Mithridates, and suffer for the want of slingera 
and horsemen. By Xenophon's advice, men are enrolled for these 
services. 

IV. Mithridates again pursues the Greeks, but is easily repulsed. 
They reach the Tigris, after which they are attacked by Tis- 
saphernes with a large army. The Greeks repulse him and then 
change their order of march. Passing over a mountainous country, 
they are harassed by the enemy, but getting possession of an emi- 
nence, commanding the one occupied by the Persians, they descend 
into the plain. 

V. Having arrived at a point, where the Carduchian mountains 
press close upon the river, and being still harassed by the enemy, 
the generals hold a consultation, and resolve to march over the 
mountains. 

BOOK IV. 

chap. They enter the Carduchian territory, but suffer much from the 

I. wind and cold, and also from the assaults of the barbarians, by 
whom they are shut up in a valley. 

II. A prisoner is compelled to serve as a guide, who conducts a 
part of the army to an eminence, whence they disperse the barba- 
rians, and thus enable the Greeks to leave the valley. 

III. They arrive at the river Centrites, which, by a series of skilful 
manoeuvres, they cross in safety, and disperse the Persians, who 
are drawn up on the opposite bank to oppose their passage. 

IV. The Greeks enter Armenia, pass the sources of the Tigris, and 
reach the Teleboas. Here they make a treaty with Teribazus, the 
satrap of the province, whom they soon find to be insincere. 

V. In their march through the country, they surfer intensely from 
the cold, and deep snow, as well as from the want of food. At 



x SUMMARY. 

length they reach some villages well-stored with provisions, where 
they remain seven days. 
VI. They set out from these villages with a guide, who being struck 
by Chirisophus, deserts them. After wandering about for several 
days, they reach the river Phasis. Thence having marched two 
days, they arrive at a mountain occupied by the Phasiani, whom 
with much address and gallantry the Greeks dislodge. 

VII. Entering the country of the Taochi, the Greeks storrn a fort, in 
which they find a great number of cattle, upon which they subsist, 
while passing through the country of the Chalybes. They cross 
the Harpasus, and march through the country of the Scythini, to 
Gymnias, from which town a guide conducts them to Mount Te- 
ches, where they obtain a view of the sea. 

VIII. The Greeks having descended the mountain, and made a treaty 
with the Macrones, ascend the Colchian mountains, and rout the en- 
emy who are drawn up to oppose them. Thence they descend into 
well-furnished villages in the plain, and in two day reach Trapezus, 
a Grecian city on the Euxine Sea. 

BOOK V. 

chap. Chirisophus is sent to obtain ships from Anaxibius, the Spartan" 

I. admiral. Xenophon, in the mean while, takes other measures to 
procure ships, in case the mission of Chirisophus should prove un- 
successful, and sees that the roads are well prepared for the army, 
should it be obliged to proceed by land. Dexippus betrays the 
trust reposed in him and deserts the army. 

II. The Greeks being in want of provisions, Xenophon leads a for- 
aging expedition against the Drilae. Destroying all their property 
in the fields, these people shut themselves up in their principal fort, 
which the Greeks, after meeting with a fierce resistance, take and 
burn. The next day they return to Trapezus. 

III. Embarking the camp-followers, invalids and baggage, in the 
ships, the army commences its march towards Greece by land. At Ce- 
rasus, they divide the money raised from the sale of captives. The 
tenth part is given to the generals to be kept for Apollo and Arte- 
mis of Ephesus. A short description of Scillus, the residence of 
Xenophon. 

IV. The Mossynoecians prohibit the Greeks from passing through 
their territory. An alliance is formed with a part of the Mossy- 
noecians hostile to those opposing the Greeks. With these allies 
the Greeks force their way into the chief city, which is destroyed. 
The barbarous manners of the Mossynoecians described. 

V. The army passes through the country of the Chalybes, and ar- 

rive at Cotyora. Not being hospitably received, the Greeks sub- 



SUMMARY. XI 

sist by plundering the Paphlagonians and the territory of Cotyora. 
Of this the people of Sinope, through their ambassadors, complain, 
but are satisfied by the reply of Xenophon. 
VI. The Greeks are advised by these ambassadors to proceed by 
sea. The design of Xenophon to build a city in Pontus, is frustrated 
by the treachery of Silanus, to whom he had communicated it. 

VII. Xenophon defends himself from the charge of intending to sail 
to the Phasis, and accuses certain of the soldiers, who some time 
previous had insulted the ambassadors from Cerasus. 

VIII. The conduct and accounts of the generals being investigated, 
some are fined for delinquencies. Xenophon being accused of using 
severity towards the soldiers, admits the fact, but shows in an elo- 
quent speech, that he was justified in the circumstances. 

BOOK VI. 

chap. The ambassadors of the Paphlagonians, coming to negotiate a 

I. peace, are treated with a sumptuous banquet. Peace is concluded 
with them, after which the Greeks sail to Sinope. Here the army 
determines to choose a commander-in-chief, and elect Xenophon, 
but he declines the appointment, the omens he offered being un- 
propitious. Chirisophus is then chosen. 

II. The Greeks sail to Heraclea. At this place, a dissension arises, 
which results in the division of the army into three parts, one com- 
posed of the Arcadians under their own leaders, the other two res- 
pectively under Chirisophus and Xenophon. 

III. At the port of Calpe, the Arcadians disembark, and making a 

predatory incursion against the Bithynians, are in imminent dan- 
ger of destruction, but are rescued by the timely arrival of Xeno- 
phon. They all return to Calpe and join Chirisophus. 

VI. The army pass a decree, that it shall be a capital offence to pro- 
pose another separation. Neon, contrary to the auguries, leads out 
two thousand men to forage, but is attacked by Pharnabazus, and re- 
treats with the loss of five hundred men. He is brought back to 
the camp by Xenophon. 

V. The next day, Xenophon under favorable auspices leads out the 
troops, buries those who had been slain the day before, and puts to 
flight the enemy, who suddenly had shown themselves on a hill. 

VI. The army now finds plenty of booty, which they take in per- 
fect security. Cleander, the Spartan harmostes of Byzantium, ar- 
rives, and by the intrigues of Dexippus is at first prejudiced against 
the Greeks, but is reconciled through the wise endeavors of Xeno- 
phon. The command of the army is offered to him, which he de- 
clines, the omens being unfavorable. The army reach Chrysopolis. 



xii SUMMARY. 



BOOK VII. 

chap. At the instance of Pharnabazus, who wishes to get the Greeks 

I. out of his territories, Anaxibius, the Spartan admiral, invites the 
army by a false promise of pay, to crossover to Byzantium. Having 
been treacherously excluded from the city by Anaxibius, the Greeks 
force their way in, but are appeased by Xenophon. Cceratades, a 
Theban, proposes himself to the army as their general, promising to 
conduct them into the Delta of Thrace, but soons resigns the office 
conferred upon him. 

II. Many of the soldiers now leave the army, while those who re- 
main in Byzantium are sold as slaves by Aristarchus, the successor 
ofCleander. The Greeks wish to cross back into Asia, but are 
hindered by Aristarchus. Xenophon repairs to Seuthes a Thracian 
chief, who had invited the army to enter his service, to learn upon 
what terms he wishes to engage their services. 

III. The Greeks accept the offers of Seuthes, and proceed to his 
quarters, where they are hospitably entertained. 

IV. They march against his enemies, whose villages they burn, but 
are attacked in their quarters by some fugitives, who had pretended 
submission, and thus spied out the situation of the camp. 

The barbarians are repulsed, and submit to Seuthes. 

V. Seuthes neglects to pay the army as he had promised, where- 
upon the Greeks cast the blame of the affair upon Xenophon. 

VI. Xenophon defends himself from certain charges and suspicions 
in respect to the pay withheld by Seuthes. He refuses to remain 
with Seuthes, preferring to accompany the army into Asia, whither 

it is about to proceed to engage in the war with Tissaphernes. 

VII. The absurdity of the charge of Medosades, a Thracian, against 
Xenophon is shown by him, upon which the Lacedaemonian depu- 
ties refuse to conduct the Greeks into Asia, until Seuthes has paid 
them. Xenophon at last prevails on Seuthes to pay the wages 
due to the army. 

VIII. Xenophon himself receives no pay, and is so straitened as to be 
obliged to sell his horse to raise funds. He proceeds with the army 
to Pergamus, where he is hospitably received by Hellas the wife of 
Gongylus. By her advice he attacks the castle of Asidates. At 
first he is unsuccessful, but on the following day, he takes Asidates 
prisoner, with his wife, children, and all his riches. He receives 
a large share of the booty and delivers the army to Thimbron, to be 
incorporated with the forces levied against Tissaphernes. 



ZEN &NT O 2 
KYPOY ANABAZE&2 J. 



CAP. L 



1. AAPEIOT 1 xal TlaQvadridog ylyvovtai TtaXdsg dvo? 
rtQzafivTEQog [isv Agta^tQ^tjg, vEcorsQog 3 ds Ki>Qog. 'EtteI ds 
jjc&svsi daquog xal vn^nrsvE rsXsvrrjv rov fiiov, sftovXsro 4 ra> 
nalds apcpoTtQCo naqeivai. 2. '0 fisv ovv nQEG^vrsQog 5 TZaQwv* 
irvyiavs? Kvqov ds fiera7Ttfi7israi dnb rijg aQ%ijg 8 tjg avrbv aarQa- 
nr\v STioirjGB, xcu crqarriybv ds avrbv a7tsdsi^s 9 Tzdvrcov oaoi slg 
KaarooXov nsdlov ad-QOi^ovtai. Avafiaivei ovv 6 KvQog Xa@a>v 
Ticaacpe'Qvqv dog cpiXov ' nal rwv 'EXXtfvwv ds syvsv bnXirag avt'fiif 
TQiaxociovg, dqyovra n 8s avrav Asviav FLaQQaaiov. 

3^\E7ZeI ds irsXevrrjcs /JaQsTog xai xarsarq eig rr\v QaaiXziav 
Aqra^tQ^g^ TiaaaqiSQvyg dtafidXXsi rov Kvqov 7iobg rov dds7.qjbv 
cog smfiovXsvoi xt avrcp.«\ ' ds nziftsrai rs xal avXXaftfidvsi Kvqov 
wg anovasvttv ■ 13 r\ ds fir^rrjQ s^airrjaausvi] H avrbv anom^insi 
ndXiv im ttjv aQ%rjv. 4. '0 d' ag dmjX&s xivdvvsvaag nal drifxa- 
G&sig, fiovXsvsrai onoag 15 [mjttots hi sarai em rq> ddsXcpcp, dXX 7Jv 
dvvrjrai fiaoiXevast, dvr ixsivov. UaQvcarig >isv drj tj [M]T7]q vtttjq- 
ys rep Kvgm, 16 qnlovca avrbv [idXXov r\ rbv fiaaiXsvovra Agra^sQ- 
^rjv. 5. "Ogrig 5' dcpwvEiro rcov naga ^aoiXscog trgbg avrbv ndv- 

'§ 175.N, 2. — 2 § 137.N. 8.— 3 § 57. 1. — 4 Root? — 5 § 57.2.— 
c § 135. 3. — 7 § 222. 4 ; Butt. § 144.— 8 account for the circumflex ace. 
(§31.N. 2.) — 9 § 96. 9. — 10 §§ 118. J5: 117.12. — ll § 184. 1.— 
i2 § 216. 1. — 13 § 222. 1. — H What is this mid. voice=(§ 207. 2.) ? 
— 15 §§ 228 2: 213. N.4. — l6 Why in the Dat.? 

1 



2 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

rag ovico diari&eig anenE}mero cogtf l iavrcp 2 fjidXXov cpiXovg elvai 
?} fiaaileT. Kal rcov naq savrco ds fiaqfidqcov 3 iTTEpeXsiro cog no- 
Xe^ieTv rs ixavol eiijaav xal evvoi'xcog t^oiEr* avrco. 6. Tr\v ds 
'EXXt]vm?]v dvva\iiv 'i\&qoiC,£v cog 5 \idXiGta idvvaro invAqvnroiievog, 
oncog on anaqaGXEvorarov Xdfioi fiaGiXs'a. 'fide ovv etzoielzo 
r\v GvXXoyijv. ' OnoGag ei%e qwXaxdg 6 iv raig noleai TzaqrjyysiXs 
roTg cpqovqdqxoig 1 exdazoig Xapfidveiv 8 dvdqag neXo7zovv7]Giovg 
on nXsiGzovg xal fisXriGzovg, cog imftovXsvovzog TiGGacpsqvovg 9 
raig noXeai. Kal yaq year at 'Icovixal TZoXeig TiGGacpiqvovg 10 rb 
aQiaiov in ftaGiXecog dedoftevai, rore d' dqeGrrjxeGav Trqbg Kvqov 
noLGai nX\v MiXtfzov. 7. 'Ev MiXqrcp ds TiGGacpsqv^g ttqocli- 
G&opsvog rd avrd u ravra {jOvXsvops'vovg, dnoGrfjvai nqbg Kvqov, 
rovg jusv avrcov dnsxrEive l2 rovg d\i£s'fiaXev. ( ds Kvqog vnoXaftcov 
rovg cpevyovrag GvXXs^ag 13 Grqarevpa inoXwqxei MlXrjrov xui 
•Kara yijv u xcu xara ftdXarrav xal ineiqdro uardysiv rovg ixns~ 
rtzcoxotag. Kal avzr\ av aXXq TtqocpaGig ?]v avzcp rov a&qoi&iv 13 
Grqdrevpa. 8. IJqbg ds fiaGiXea TZEfiTZcov rj^tov ddeXybg tov avrov 
do&TJvai 16 ol ravrag rag noXeig jaccXXov rj TiGGacfe'qvijv dqye.iv av- 
rcov, xal rj ^zrjq GvvenqazzEv avzcp ravra • cogre fiaGiXehg rrjg fxsv 
nqbg eavzbv imfiovXijg 1 ' 1 ova yG&dvezo, 18 TiGGacpe'qvei ds iv6[u& 
sroXepovvza avxbv dficpi rd Gzqazev\iaza danavav * cogre ovdsv 
rj%&ezo 19 avzcov tzoXe^lovvzcov' xai ydq 6 Kvqog dnineiiTte rovg yi- 
yvo\ievovg daG\iovg fiaoiXeT in rcov noXecov™ cov 6 TiGGacpeqvrjg 
irvyyavev* 1 s%cov. 9. "AXXo ds Grqdrev[ia avzcp GWEXeysro iv 
XeqqovtJgcq rtj 22 xazavriTTt'qag 'Afivdov rovde rbv rqonov. KXsaq- 
%og Aaxsdaijioviog cpvydg i\v ' rovrco GvyysvofiEvog 6 Kvqog ?]yd- 
g&tj te avzbv jcca didcoGiv avrcp pvqiovg daqetxovg. 23 '0 ds Xaftcov 
rb iqvGiov Gtqdrevjua GvviXe^ev anb rovrcov rcov ^qj]fA.drcov xal 

1 §§ 25 : 14. 2 — 2 § 196. 1. — 3 § 182. — 4 § 216. 1. — 5 § 228. 
2. (*J S . _ s § i5i. 2, 3. — 7 Component parts? — 8 §§ 96. 6 : 12. 1. 

— 9 What does this gen. abs. denote (§1 92 -)? — 10 Synt.? 

— n § 144. 3.— 12 §§ 118. K: 104.2.— 13 §§ 104.1: 9.2: 12.3.— 
14 Account for the circumflex. — 15 § 221. — 16 Why does the ult here 
take the acute accent (22. 2.) ? — 17 § 179. 1. — 18 Account for the v 
su bs. — 19 Th. ? Used here in a lit. or trop. sense ?— 20 § 43. 3. — 
81 §§96.7: 12.2:222.4. — 22 U40. 2. — 23 Val. of the daric? SeeN. 



LIB. I. CAP. II. 3 

iaolsfisi ix XeQQOvrjaov 6Q[A.(6^evog zoTg Oqa^l zoTg 1 vnlq 'EXXrjg. 
novzov oIxovgi xal coqtXei zovg "Elhjvag ' oogzs xai yqi\\iaza gvve- 
BdXXovzo avzqj Eig zr t v zQogjtjv zoov Gzqazioozav al ' EXXijgnovztaxal 
nolug ixovGai- Tovzo 8' av ovzoo zqExpo^Evov^ iXdv&avEv avzqj 
zb azqdztvfjia. 10. AqiGzmnog 8e 6 GszzaXbg %8'vog gov izvyya- 
vev avzqj, xal ms£6[X8vog xmb zoov oi'xoi 3 dvziGzaGioozcov tq^Ezai 
Tzgbg zbv Kvqov xal alzsi 4 avzbv sig dtg%iliovg %svovg xal zqioov 
fiTjvcov 5 fiia&bv, cog ovzoo TZEqiysvopEvog 6 dv zoov dvziGzaGioozoov. 1 
O 8e Kvqog didcoaiv avzqj slg zszqaxigytXiovg xai t% (iijvoov 
(ucdbv, xal dsizcu avzov 8 pr] nqoG&Ev xazaXvGai 7tqbg zovg avzi- 
ozacicozag nqlv av avzqj Gv^ov7.EVGijzat. Ovzoo 8s av zb iv 0ez- 
zaXia iXdv&avsv avzqj zqsyopsvov GzqdzEV\ia. 11. Ilqo^Evov 8s 
zbv Boiooziov \ivov ovza avzqj 9 exeXevge Xafiovza dv8qag bzi tzXei- 
czovg TzaqaysvEG&ai, 10 cog elg IJEioidag fiovXopEvog GzqazsvsGdai, 11 
cog nqdyycaza naqsyovzoov zav FIeigiSoov zrj savzov X°°Q a - 2oqai- 
vezov 8s zbv SEzvfxqidXiov xal Zooxqdzriv zbv A^aibv, <zsvovg ovzag 
xal zovzovg, IxeXevgev dv8qag Xafiovzag I2 eX&eiv ozi nXsiGzovg^ cog 
TZoXsfiriGoov 13 TiGGacpEQvsi gvv zoig yvyaGi " zoov MlXjjgicov. Kal 
inoiovv l5 ovzoog ovzoi. 

CAP. II. 

1. 'Ettei §' iSoxsi tj8)] noQEvEGd-ai avzqj dvoo, z\\v filv ttoocpa- 
Giv inoiEizo cog TlEiGi8ag fiovXoftEvog ixfiaXsTv navzdnaGiv ix ztjg 
%ooqag ' xal a&qoi^Ei cog inl zovzovg zb ze paqfiaqixbv xal zb ' EXXrj- 
vixbv zb ivzav&a Gzqdzsvfia, xal naqayyiXXsi zoo ze KXsdqyqi Xa- 
fiovzi Y[xeiv ogov tjv avzqj GzodzEVfia, xal zqj 'AqiGzinmt) GvvaXXa- 
yivzi nobg zovg oi'xoi dnons^ixpai 10 nobg savzbv o tlys GZQazsvfia' 
xal AEvia zqj 'AqxdMi, bg avzqj i6 ttqoegz/jxei zov iv zaig tioXegi 11 



1 § 140. 2. — 2 § 222. 4. — 3 Why not properispom. (§ 20. N. 1.) ? 
— 4 Accus. of thing followinar this verb? — 5 What does this gen. 
denote ( § 173. N. 1) ? — 6 § 222. 1. — 7 § 184. 1. — 8 § 181. 1. — 9 § 
197. N. 4. — 10 Why paroxytoiw (§ 93. 3.) '? — n Why proparoxy- 
tone(§ 20. 1, N. 1.)?— 12 §§ 118. A: 96.7: 12. 1. — 13 § 95.— u f$ 
39. 1 : 10. 2. — 15 Why the imperf. ? — ' 6 Synt. ? — 17 Dat. plur. how 
formed ? 



4 EXPEDITIOCYRI. 

%svixov, tjxeiv naqayyiXXsi Xa$6vza zovg dvdgag nX^v bnoGoi ! Ixa- 
vol rpav tag axqonoXsig cpvXdzzsiv. 2. 'ExdXeGS 2 ds xal zovg 
MiXrjzov TToXiogxovvzag, xal zovg cpvyddag* enslaves gvv avzcp 
GzgazsveG&ai, vnoG%6iisvog 4 avzoTg, d xaXcog xazangdlsisv 5 icp 6 a 
SGzgazevszo, {irj 7tq6g&w TtavGaG-Qai nglv avzovg xazdyoi o'lxads? 
01 ds ?]dscog insi&ovzo ' miGZsvov ydg avzcp ' xal Xafiovzeg zd bnXa 
TTagrjGav tig £dgdsig. 3. Asviag [isv dy zovg ex zcov noXstov Xaficov 
nagsysvszo s slg £dgdsig bnXiza.g slg zszgaxigyiX'iovg. Ilgo^svog ds 
rtagl]v sycov bnXizag 9 fAsv slg nsvzaxoGiovg xal %iXiovg, yvpvijzag ds 
TtsvzaxoGiovg ' JEocpaivsrog ds 6 2zv^.(pdXiog bnXizag sycov %iliovg ' 
jLcoxgdzqg 8s b *Ayaibg bnXizag sycov cog nsvzaxoGiovg ■ TIaGicov ds 
b Msyagsvg slg zgiaxoGiovg psv bnXizag, zgiaxoaiovg ds nsXzaGzdg 
sycov nagsysvszo ' ijv ds xal ovzog xal b JJcoxgdzqg zcov dficpl Mi- 
Xrjzov Gzgazsvofisvcov. 10 4. Ovzoi [isv slg Zdgdsig avzco acplxovzo. 
TiGGaqjsQVJjg ds xazavotjGag zavza xal {isi'Qova t)yrjGa[is<vog n slvat 
rj cog inl IlsiGidag rqv nagaGxsvr)v nogsvszai cog fiaGiXsa y idvvazo 
zdyiGza Innsag sycov cog nsvzaxoGiovg. 5. Kal fictGiXsvg [a.sv dr) 
ensl iJxovgs naoa TiGGacps'gvovg zbv Kvgov gzoXov, dvzmagsGxsv- 
dt,szo. n 

Kvgog ds sycov ovg 13 sigrjxa cogpdzo u dnb ^Edgdscov ' xal e%s- 
Xavvsi l5 did zrjg Avdlag Gza$\iovg zgsig nagacdyyag s'ixogi xal 
dvo inl zbv Maiavdgov noza^ibv. Tovzov zb svgog dvo nXi&ga' 
yscpvga ds lnr\v E&vyjis'vrj l6 nXoioig snzd. 6. Tovzov diafidg n i<~s- 
Xavvsi did (frovyiag Gzadfxbv sva naqaGayyag bxzco slg KoXoGGag, 
noXiv olxov[isvj]v, svdaifiova xal [tsydXrjv. 'Evzav&a sfisivsv fys- 
gag snzd ' xal v\xs Mivcov b QszzaXbg bnXizag s%cov %iXlovg xai 
nsXzaGzag 7tsvzaxoGiovg, AbXonag 18 xal Alvidvag xai ' OXvv&iovg. 
7. J Evzsv&sv i^sXavvsi Gzadftovg zoeig naqaGayyag sixogiv slg Ks- 



1 Pron. adj. of what kind ? — 2 § 95. N. 1. — 3 Nom. how formed ? 
— 4 § 118. Y. — 5 § 87. N. 3. — 6 How does InX become itp ($§ 25: 
14. 2.) 1 — 7 § 121. N. 3. — 8 Tense -root? c. v.? Term.?— s § 127. 
5 ; Butt. § 119. N. 11. 1). — I0 Synt. ? — u § 208. Root ? — 12 §§ 135. 3 : 
226. 1. — 13 § 151. R. 1. — M In what tenses are pure verbs con- 
tracted?— l ' 5 § 15. 3; Butt. §. 26. 6.— 18 § 76. 2.— 17 Part, how 
formed? — l8 « 36.2. 



LIB. I. CAP. II. 5 

Xaivdg, ttjg fpqvyiag noXiv oixov\i(vy\v, [xeydXrjv xal evdaipova. 
'Evtav&a KvQcp fiaGi'Xeia i]v l xal TtaqddeiGog fiiyag dyqioav ftriqi- 
<av 2 aXrjQrjg, a ixeivog i&ijqevev dnb ittttov, bnote yvpivdcai 3 fiov- 
Xoito savtov i ts xal tovg innovg. Aid fii.Gov ds tov naqadeiGOV 
gei° 6 Maiavdqog 7tota\i6g ' at ds Tirjyal avtov eiGiv 6 ix tcov §a- 
GiXemv ' qei ds xal did ttjg KeXatvcov noXscog. 8. "Eati ds xal 
fieydXov ftaGiXicng ftaGiXeia iv KeXaivaXg iqvfivd im taig TtrjyaTg' 1 
tov MaqGvov Tzozafxov 8 v7io zrj dxqoTtoXei ' qei ds xal ovtog dice 
trig TtoXscog xal ififtdXXei elg tov Maiavdqov ' tov ds MaqGvov to 
evqog sat iv eixoGi xal nivte Ttodoov. 9 'Evtav&a Xeyezai 'AnoXXwv 
ixdetqai 10 Maqavav, nxrjaag iqi^ovtd n ol Tteql Gocpiag xal to deq* 
fia XQSLidaai 1 ' 2 iv zoi dvtqcp o&ev 13 at nr\yai' did ds tovto 6 
notafibg xaXeitai MaqGvag. 9. 'Evtavda AtQ^rjg, ore ix trjg 
'EXXddog rjttrj&elg u ty fidjri a7ze%cQQEi, Xsyetai oixodofitjaai 15 tav- 
td ts td fiaaiXsia xal t\v KsXaivwv dxqoTtoXiv. l6 'Evtav&a spews 
Kvqog fyeqag 2 tqidxovta' xal r\xe KXiaqypg 6 Aaxedaipoviog 
yvyag s%cov bnXitag yikiovg xal neXtaatag Qqaxag oxtaxoaiovg 
xai to^orag Kqrjtag diaxoaiovg. A\ia ds xal JZmaiag Ttaqrjv 6 
£vqaxovaiog sycov bnXitag tqiaxoGiovg, xal 2oyaivetog 6 'Aqxdg 
sycov '671X1 tag yiXlovg. Kal ivtav&a Kvqog s^itaaiv xal dqi&fibv 
tcov 'EXXrjvcov S7toiTjaev iv tco TtaqadeiGcp, xal iyevovto 01 Gvpnavteg 
bnXitai \isv \ivqioi xal yiXioi, TteXtaatal ds dfiyl tovg digyiXiovg. 

10. 'Evtev&ev i^eXavvei ata&povg dvo naqaadyyag dsxa elg 
HsXtag, noXiv olxovyiivriv. 'Evzavd- 3 sfxeivev rjfie'qag tqeig' iv alg 
Eeviag 6 'Aqxag td Avxaia e&vae xal aycova s&r]xe ' 17 td ds d&Xa 
qGav atXeyyldeg %qvGaT ' ls i&ecoqei ds tov dycova xal Kvqog. 3 Ev- 
zev&ev i^eXavvei Gta&fxovg dvo TtaqaGayyag dcodexa eig Keqapcov 
dyoqdv, noXiv oixov[ievriv, iGxdztjv aqbg ty MvGia %wqa. 11. 'Ev- 



1 § Why the sing ? — 2 Synt ?— 3 What has become of £ in the 
pres. ? — 4 Why the acute accent (§ 22. 3.) ? — 5 § 4. 2. — 6 Why 
unaccented 1 — 7 § 31. N. 2. (2.) — 8 § 33. N. 3. (2.) — 9 §§ 175 : 36. 
2. (5.) Copula and gram. pred. of this clause? — 10 §§ 104. 2 : 20. 
N. 1: 21. 2.— u Why two accents?— 12 § 95. N. 2. — 13 §§ 121.2: 
123. — 14 Dif. between pass. mid. and depon. mid. ? — I5 § 135. 1. •— 
15 Comp. parts ? — 17 § 104. N. 2. — l8 Why perispom. ? 

1* 



.6 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

zev&ev i^sXavvsi Gza&fiovg zQEig naqaadyyag ZQtdxovza elg Kav- 

GTQOV TIEdlOV, UOklV OlXOV(XEV7]V. "EvZCLvd'' E(XEIVEV rjfltQCig 71EVZE' 

xal zoig (jTQaiicozaig coqjtilezo fJuaOog tzXeov rj zqicov {xr^vcov^ xcu 
noXXdxig lovzsg im tag &vQag dmjzovv* ds iXnidag 3 Xsywv* 
dirt's v.a\ dr;Xog ryv dviw^svog ' ov yuQ tjv nqog zov Kvqov zqotiov 
fyovza fir/ a7zodidovai. 5 

12. 'Evzavda dcpixvuzai 5 ' Envci^a r\ ^vsvvsGiog yvvr] 6 zov 
Kilixcov fiaailEcog tzccqci Kvqov ' xal iXsyszo Kvq($ dovvui iQijixaza 
noXXd. Tfj d 3 ovv GZQazia tote UTZtdcoxs KvQog {jug&ov zszzd- 
qcov [ajjvoov. Efys 7 ds rj KiXiggcl xal cpvXaxag tzeq! avzijv KiXixag 
xal "AanEvhlovg * iXsyszo ds xal GvyysvsGftai 8 Kvqov zy KiXiggjj. 
13. 'Evzev&ev #' i^sXavvsi Gza&povg dvo TiaQaadyyag dsxa Eig 

Ovfi^QlOV, TZoXlV OlXOVfltVtJV. 'EvZavdu TjV TTCtQCt Z1JV SdoV XQt'jVt] TJ 

Midov xaXovfisvt] zov (pQvycov fiaGiXswg, scp y Xsyszai Mldag tov 
£dzvQOv SriQEvaou oivco xEQuaag 9 avztjv. 14. 'Evzev&ev i^sXavvsi 
cza&iiovg dvo naQaadyyag dsxa Eig TvQiaiov, noXiv oixovfiEvi]v ' 
ivzav&a e^eivev 10 rjiiEQag ZQEig. Kal Xsyszai dEij&qvai " r\ KlXiGGa 
Kvqov n EmOEi^ai l 3 zb OTQazsvpa avzy. BovX6{jLEvog ovv snidsi^ai 
i^Ezaaiv noislzai iv zcp Ttsdicp zoav 'EXXtfvcav xal zcov fiaQpaQcov* 
15. 'ExeXevge ds zovg "EXXqvag dag v6{iog u avzoig' 15 Eig \idyr\v ovzco 
za%&qvai 16 xal Gztjvai, Gvvzd^ai ds sxaGzov zovg savzov. 11 3 Ezd- 
l&rjGctv ovv ETii ZEZzaQ(ov' 18 slys dszb [aev ds^ibv Ms'vcqv xal olavv 
avzty, zb ds Ev^vvfjiov KXs'aQ%og xal ol exeivov, zb ds (aegov ol 
aXXoi GZQazTjyoL 16. 'E&eojqei ovv 6 KvQog ttqoozov [isvzovg @ccq- 
fiaQOvg ' ol ds naQ^Xavvov ZEzay\iivoi xaz ilag xai xazd zd^stg ' 
siza ds zovg "EXXijvag, TzaQsXavvcov i(p ccQftazog xal rj KiXiggo. iy 
aQpapd^tjg. Elyov ds ndvzsg xQavq %aXxd l9 xal %izcovag 20 cpotvi- 



1 § 35. N. 2. (2.) Synt. ?— 2 Account for the i subs. — 3 Nom. 
how formed? — 4 § 222. 4. - 5 § 117. 1, N. 18. (3.) - 6 § 46. 1.— 
7 § 80. N. 1. — 8 § 12. 2. — 9 § 118. K. — 10 Account for i in the pen. ? 
--"§96.10.— 18 § 181.1.— 13 §§ 96.9: 117. 2. — u § 157. N. 10. — 
i5 § 196. 3. — I6 § 96. 3 : Why is not the subject of the infin. 
here expressed (§ 158. 3.)? — 17 What does this gen. denote? — 
18 Dialect(§ 6. N. (2.) ? — 19 § 34. N. 2. (3.) — 20 Nom. how formed (36. 
3.)? 



LIB. I. CAP. II. 7 

xovg xai xvr^udag xai zdg danidag sxy.sy.adanuti'ag. 1 17. ''Entity 
ds ndvzag nag facias, azfaag zb dqfia nqb rijg- (fdlayyog, ns'pxpag 
Iliyqrjza zbv iqfJiqvsa naqd zovg aiqazrjovg zcov c E/.Lfacov ixs'Xsvas 
nqof>a/Jad~ai 2 zd on).a xai imywq^aai 3 ohjv zr t v (fdlayya. 01 ds 
zavza nqosinov* zoig azqaziwzaig' 5 xai ensl iadlniy^s, 6 nqofial* 
Xofisvoi zee onla inrjsaav. 7 'Ex ds zovzov ftdzzov nqo'iovzav avv 
xqavyrj dnb zov avzofidzov dqouog iysvszo zoig azqaziazaig em 
rag axrjvdg. 18. Tcov ds ftaqfidqcov 8 qofiog nolvg xai aXkoig xai 
tJ zs Kihaaa eipvyev 9 ix zr L g dq\iandh\g xai oi ix z? t g dyoqdg 10 
xazahnovzsg zd ana ecpsvyov' ol 6s "E/.hjvsg avv yslcozi inl zdg 
Gicqvag fa&ov. *H ds Kihaaa idovaa z\v ).a t unq6z7]za 1 1 xai z\v 
zdhv zov azoazsvfiazog i&avfxaas, Kvqog ds qa&q 12 zbv ix zav 
* ED.fawv sig zovg fiaqpdqovg cpoftov IdojiK 

19. 'Evzsv&sv i^slavvsi, aza&ftovg zqsTg naqaadyyag sixoaiv 
elg 'Ixonov, zr t g (pqvyiag nol.iv iaydzr^v. 'Evzav&a s t usivs zQsig 
r^isqag. 'Evzsv&sv it,slavvsi did zr;g Avxaoviag aza&povg nsvzs 
naqaadyyag zqidxovza. Tavz^v z\v yaoav ins'zqsxps diaqndaai 
zoig "ED.qaiv ag noXsyiiav ovaav- 20. 'Evzsv&sv Kvqog z?]v Ki- 
haaccv sigzr { v Kihxiav anonsyinsi z\v zayiazyv 13 bdov' u xai avv- 
insuxpsv avzy azqazicozag ovg Msvcov siys xai avzbv Msvcova. 
Kvqog 8s \iszd zav dllcov i^slavvsi did Kannadoxiag Gza&fxovg 
zszzaqag naqaadyyag ei'xoai xai nsvzs nqbg Advav, nohv oixov\is- 
yqv, fjisydXrjv xai svda(j.iova. 'Evzav&a s^sivav r^isqag zqsig ' iv 
ei Kvqog dnsxzsivsv 15 dvdqa IJsqar^ Msyaqsqvijv, yoivixiaz\v $a- 
ailsiov, xai szsqov l6 ziva 17 zcov vndqycov dvvdazr^v, aiziaad t usvog i8 
inffiovXsvsiv u avzep. 21. 'Evzsvdsv insiqcovzo sigfid/.Xsiv sig z\v 
Kihxiav ' r\ ds sigfiolrj r t v bdbg aiia^izbg oq&i'a iayvqcog xai a\ir^ 
f^avog slgsX&sTv 19 azqazsvpazi, si zig sxca/.vsv. 'Els'yszo 20 ds xai 



1 § 107. (1.) — 2 Why has this verb one A here and two in the pres. 1 
— 3 Why properispom. ? — 4 § 118. E. — 5 § 196. 4. — 6 Account 
for f . — 7 Account for i subs. — s Is this gen. subjective or objective 
(§ 173. N. 2.)? — 9 § 96. 18. — 10 § 31. N. 2. (2). — Ll § 128. N. 2. — 
12 Account for a. — i3 § 59. 3. — l4 Synt. 1 — ls § 118. k. — 16 What 
kind of adj. r i — 17 Why no accent ? — 1S § 183. 1. — 19 § 158. 3. — 
20 Subj.7 



8 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

JZvevvecJig elvai im zcov dxpcov cpvXdzzcov zijv sigftolffV ' dl o ' sfieivev 
tlfXBQav ev zcp nedicp. Ty #' vGzepaia t]xev dyyeXog Xeycav ozi XeXoi- 
ncog stif JEvevveGig za axpa, inel %o&eto* to tb Mevcovog Gzpd- 
Tevficc* oti i]OY\ iv Kilixia %v eiGCo zcov opt'cov, 5 xal ozi TQirjpeig 
ijxovs nepmXeovGag an 'Icoviag sig KtXtxiav Tayicbv ejovza 6 Tag 
Aaxedaifxovicov xal avzov Kvqov. 22. Kvgog £' ovv avt'firj im za 
OQtj ovdevog xcoXvovTog, 7 xal elde Tag axrjvag ov ol Ki'Xixeg iqivXaz- 
tov? 'EvTev&ev ds xaTt'paivev elg nediov pe'ya xal xaXbv, iniQ- 
qvtov, 9 xai divdQcov 5 navTodancov 10 efxnXecov xal df.iniXcov' noXv 
ds xai Gri<5a\iov xal fisXivrjv xal xeyyoov xal nvQovg xal xQifiag 
cpsQei. "Oqog d avzb neQiiyei b'/ypbv xal vtprjXbv ndvTq ix &aXdz- 
T7\g elg <&dXaTTai>. 

23. Kazafiag ds 8ia zovzov zov nediov jjXaas Gzad-povg zez- 
Taoag naqacdyyag nevTS xal eixoGiv sig Tapaovg, Ttjg KtXixlag 
noXiv [isydXrivxai evdalytova. 3 EvTav&a r\Gav to. 2vevvsGiog fiaai- 
Xsia tov KiXixcov fiaaiXsoog' dice \ieGr\g ds zjjg noXecog qbi noza- 
\ibg Kvdvog ovo\ia, evpog 11 dvo nXi&Qcov. 24. TavTijv Ttjv noXiv 
i'^iXmov oi ivoixovvTeg fieza. JZvevvsGiog elg %cqq(ov 6%vpbv inl to, 
opt] nXtjv ol to, xanrfXeXa eyovzeg ' e^ieivav ds xal ol napa ttjv 
ftdXazzav olxovvzeg iv SoXoig xal iv 'laaoig. 25. 'Enva^a ds 
rj 2vevvsGiog yvv?] npozipa Kvqov nivze rjfiipa.g elg Tapoovg dcpi- 
xszo. "Ev ds zy vTiepfioXri zcov oqcov zcov [2 elg zb nediov dvo Xoypi 
tov 13 Mevcovog ozpazevptazog dncoXovzo' li ol 15 fiev 'ixpacav 16 dgnd- 
t,ovzdg zi xazaxonijvai 17 vnb zcov KiXixcov, ol ds vnoXeicp&ivzag 
xal ov dwapevovg evpetv to dXXo OTpdzevfia ovds Tag odohg efoa 
nXavca\i(vovg aTZoXs'a&ai ' ijcjav d' ovv ovtoi sxazbv bnXTzat. 
26. Ol cf dXXoi ineidij rjxov, Tr t v te noXiv Tovg Tapciovg dujpna- 
aav, dia. tov oXe&QOV tcqv avczpazicozcnv opyi^optvoi, xai za fiaai- 
Xeia za iv abzr[. Kvgog ds inel elgrjXaaev elg z\v ttoXiv, fieze- 

1 What would this be unaccented? — 9 §§ 216. 3: 87. N. 1. — 
3 What kind of dep. verb (§ 208)? — 4 § 179. N. 1. — 5 Synt. ? — 
6 § 222. 2. — 7 What does this gen. abs. denote ? — 8 Why the im- 
per f ?_9«13: 132. 1. — 10 If" the ult. is to be accented, why peris- 
pom. 7 — ll § 167 ;Mt. § 425. 1. b. — 12 § 140. 2. — 13 § 140. 1. — 
14 § 115. 2. — 15 § 142. 1. — 16 Root? — ir Why properispom. ? 



LIB. I. CAP. III. 9 

JlEtlTtETO l TOV 2!vSVVSGlV TTQOg taVTOV ' 6 8i- OVTS 7TQ0TSQ0V OvfisVl 2 

tzw xoeirron 3 savrov 4 tig %eiQag iX&eiv ecprj, ovrerore Kvqcp Uvai 
rj&ele, ttqiv tj yvvi] avrbv meiGS xal niGreig eXafte. 27. Mera 8s 
ravra inel Gvveysvovro dXX?jXoig> 5 ZvsvveGig \isv s8coxe 6 Kvqco %orj- 
para noXXd eig Tip Groariav, Kvoog 8' exewoj 8oJQa a vopiQeraH nana 
fiaGilei ripia, tnnov yovGo%dXwov xal Grqertrov %qvgovv 8 xal ipsXXia 
xai dxwdxrjv %ovgovv xal gtoXijv IIeQGixT]v, xal rijv %(ooav prjxtri 
dopaQrtd^eG&ai 9 ' to, 8s f]Q77aGpti>a 10 uv8qd7io8a i fa nov ivrvyyd- 
vmgiV) dnoXap^dvew, 

CAP. III. 

1. 'Evrav&a spews Kvqog xal rj Grqaria rjpsqag il eixoGWol 
yaq Grqariwrai ovx scpacav Uvai rov nqoGco ' vnumxevov yaq rjdq 
im fiaGiXsa itvai ' fAiGdcodijvai 8s ovx inl rovro) scpaaav. Tlqwrog 
8s KXsaqyog rovg avrov Grqariarag s@id£ero i2 itvai' ol 8s avrov 
is sfiaXXov 13 xal rd vno'Qvyia rd ixeivov, snsl i]q^aro nqo'isvai. 
2. KXtaqyog ds tots psv (uxqbv i^tcpvye^ rov fxiixaranerqco^rivai, 
vGreqov 8' snel syvco on ov 8vvrJGerai fiidaaa&ai, Gwyyayev 15 ix- 
xXrjGiav rcov avrov Grqaricoroov xal ttqmtov fxsv iddxgve noXvv 
iqbvov sarcog * 15 oi 8s bqcovzeg t&avpa^ov xal Igimticqv ' elra 8s eXe^e 
roidSe. 17 

2>/'Av8qsg Grqariarai,, 18 ptj tfavfid^ere on yaXeTtciog cpsqco roig 
naqovGi TtodyfiaGiv. 'Epol 5 yaq Kvqog %s'vog tyivero xal fie q>ev- 
yovra ix rr\g narql8og rd re alia szipijGe xal pvqlovg t8wxe 8aqei- 
xovg' ovg ty<n Xa(lmv ovx eig rb i8iov [9 xare&tpr^v spot dXX ov8s 
xad-rj8vrrd&i]Ga, dXX eig vpag s8andvo3v. 4. Kal nqwrov (.lev nqbg 
rovg Qqaxag enoXspriGa, xal vttsq rr t g e EXXd8og erinojQoviJ.tjv fietf 



1 What does this imperf: denote ? — 2 § 195. J. — 3 § 58. 2. N.2. 
— . 4 § 186. 1.— 5 Synt ? — 6 § 104. N. 2. — 7 § 157. 2. — 8 Why 
perispom. contrary to gen. rule § 23. N. 3. (2)?— 9 § 162. 3.— 10 Ac- 
count for a in the antepen. — u § 168. 1. — 12 § 210. N. 1. — 
13 Why the imperf. ?— u § 225. 3. — 15 §§ 81. 1. : 96. N. 1.— 16 § 91. 
N. 7. — ,7 § 73. 1. — I3 § 136. N. 3. R. — 19 EJlip. of what word 
with Xdwv 7 



10 EXPEDITIO CYRI, 

vpcov, ix zr]g XeoQOvrjaov avxovg i^sXavvcov (iovXoptvovg aquiQeT- 
G&ai zovg ivoixovvxag "EXXrjvag 1 ztjv yrjv. 1 'Emtfirf 8s KvQog ixdXei, 
Xajlcov vfidg S7tOQ£v6/j.r]v, Iva si it 8toizo cbcpzXoirjv avzov dv&^cov 4 
sv ina&ov vri ixsivov. 5. ' Enu 8s vfzsig ov fiovXsG&s Gv^noQSv- 
ea&cu, dvdyxr] 8rj poi r) vpag 7Zoo8ovza zy Kvoov cptXia 5 XQr]od-ai 
i] TtQog ixsivov xpEVGapsvov [istf vficov Uvai. El (j.sv 8)] Sixaia noi~ 
tjgco ovx oida, alg/joo/tai 8' ovv ifidg xal gvv vfiiv 6 zi av 8ir\ 
Tzsiaofjiai. 9 Km ovtzoxe eqei ovSslg cog iycb "EXXrpag dyaycov slg 
zovg flaofiaQOvg, Tioodovg zovg "EXXi]vag z)]v zcov ftaQfidqcov qnXiav 
tll6fi7]v. 6. 'AXXd ifiel vfieig spot ovx id-sXszE nsi&EGdai ov8s 
£77ea&ai, iyco gvv vfiiv sxpofiai xal o zi av 8srj rtetGOfiai. Nofil^co 
ydq vfidg i t uol elvai xal 7zazoi8a xal cpi'lovg xal Gv/ufid%ovg, xal gvv 
vfiiv psv av olfiai elvai zifMog orzov dv co, vficov 7 8' sQrjuog cov ovx 
av Ixavbg sivm oifiai ovx av qi'Xov cocpsXiJGai 8 ovx av 8 a /\}qov dXs- 
<~UG&ai. fig ifj.ov ovv iovzog 07zr { av xal vfxslg ovzco zr/v yvco}irjv 
ejeze. 7. Tavxa elnsv' ol 8s Gxqazicozai ol zs avzov ixsivov xal 
ol aXXoi zavza dxovGavzsg bxi ov (pairf nana fiaaOJa 7Z0QEvsG&ai 
i7iyvEGav' 10 naod 8s Esvi'ov xal TlaGicorog nXsiovg tj 8igyjXioi 
Xafiovzsg zd onla xal zd Gxsvocpooa iGXQazo7Zs8svGavxo naqd 
KXsdgyoi. 8. Kvoog 8s xovxoig 1 1 cc7Zoqcov zs xal Xv7Zovfisvog iiExsns\i- 
rtezo 12 zbv KXe'aQ%ov ' 6 8s Uvai \isv ovx ?j&eXe, Xd&Qa 8s zcov 
GZQazi(ozcov [3 7Zs'[A7Tcov avzw ayysXov eXsye &aor>siv cog xazaGtr\GO- 
[isvcov zovzcov 14 elg zb 8t'ov fxszans}i7ZEG&ai 8 sxsXsvsv avzov' 
avzbg 8' ovx sq^rj Uvea. 9. Mszd 8s zavza Gvvayaycov zovg {? savzov 
GZQazicozag xal zovg xoogsX'&ovzag avico xa\ zcov dXXcov 11 zbv 
fiovXofxsvov, sXe^s zotd8e. 

'y4v8osg GZQazicozcu, zd (jisv 8rj Kvqiv StjXov ozi ovzcog s%si 
TZQog ij{idg cogrzso zd. r^izsqa nqog sxslvov ' ovze ydq Tj^sTg ixeivov 



1 § 165. 1. — 2 Moods which follow frr«#? (§§ 213. 3 : 216. 1 : 214. 
N. 5) ? — 3 Does cb'-r/have here its prim, or sec. signif. ? — 4 Antece- 
dent of&v ? Why the gen. (See N.) ? — 5 § 198. N. 1. — 6 Root CI 18. 
//.) ?__7 § 181. 1. — 8 § 219. 1. — 9 § 216.4. — 10 Account for v subs. 
— n Synt.? — 12 Why the imperf.? — 13 § 188. 2. — u § 192. 



LIB. I. CAP. III. 11 

bn Gzqazicozat, insi ys oh cvvsTtofis&a avzcp, ovze ixEivog szi 
r^ilv [UG&oSoztjg. 10. "Ozi fispzoi dSixELG&ai voptitsi vcp r^icov ol8a ' 
wgzE y,ai n£7an£}i7Zon{vov avzov 1 ovx iOs'Xco iX&sTv, zb fisv \i(yiGzov 
aiG^vvo^svog on Gvvoi8a ifiavzcp ndvza iipEVGfisvog 2 avzov ' ETisiza 
8s y.ai St8icog 3 {tr) laftcov fis 8iy.t\v imd-fj cov voiiiQu vri ifiov ?jdr/J]- 
G&ai. 11. 'EjaoI ovv doxEi ov% coqa sheet j^atV 4 xadevduv ovd* dps- 
Xeiv r)^cov° avzcov, dXXd fiovXEVEG&ai o zi %qij tzoieiv ex zovzcov. 
Kcu tcog zs (a8vg[/.ev avzov gxetizeov \ioi 8oxei g slvai oncog aaqja- 
Xegtclzo. fisvovfisv ' size rj8q doxEi dmtvat, oncog cog aGCfaXsGzaza 7 
am\iEi\ y,ai oncog zd Emzifisia e'%0[aev' dvsv ydq zovzcov ovze 8 
Grqaz?]yov ovze l8icozov ocfsXog ovdtv. 12. 'O 8s dvijq noXXov 9 [asp 
aSiog cpiXog o) ay epilog rj, xaXsncozazog, 10 £' i/O^qbg cp dv no- 
Xt/.uog rj. En ds Svvapiv 'iysi y.al nsQv mu Innixrjv 1 ' xai vavzix)\v 
tjv ndvzsg 6/j.oicog oqcops'v ze xalimGzdfitda' Hal ydq ov8sn6qqca 
doxovpsv fioi avzov y.a&?jG&ai' cogis coqa Xsysiv 12 o zi [3 zig 
ytyvcoGxsi dqiGzov 14 slvcu. Tavza slncov inavGazo. 

13. 'Ex 8s zovzov driGzavzo ol per in zov avzopdzov, Xs^ov- 
tsg a £yiyv<j3Gy.ov> ol 8s xal vn ixslvov iyy.sXEVGzoi, iniSstyvvvzEg 1 
oia uq ?) dnoqla dvsv zr t g Kvqov jW ( a?/£ 15 xai [ieveiv xal dnisvai. 
14. Elg 8s 8t] Ei7iE y nqog7io[ov\iEvog gtiev8eiv epg zd.jiGza 7ioqsvEG&ai 
elg zi]v ' EXXd8a,Gzqazyyovg fisv sXsG-dai 17 dXXovg cog zd%iGza, si 
fir) fiovXszai KXsaq%og dndysiv' zd 8' snizffisia dyoqd&G&ai. 13 {rj 
8 dyoqd r)v sv zm fiaofiaqixqj GzqazEVfiazi'^ xa\ GVGXEvd&G&cw 19 
iX&ovzag 8s Kvqov alt sir nXoia, 20 cog o\tzotiXeoiev' 2v sdv 8s ^ 8iSco 
zavza, rjysfiova alzsiv Kvqov ogzig 8id cpiXiag zrjg %coqag cmd. 
%sl 3 Edv 8s jii]8s i]yE\i6va 8i8cp, GvvzdzzsG&cu zr\v za^iGz^v, tie^l- 
xpai 8s xal 7tqoy.azaXrj\pofisvovg^ 2 zd dxqa, oncog pt) cp&aGcoGi 9 ' 3 
(xrjzs Kvqog firjzs ol KiXixsg xazaXafiovzsg?* oov noXXovg xal 



1 Does this gen. abs. denote time or cause? — 2 §76. 2. — 
3 § 118. J. — 4 Synt. ? — 5 § 182. — 6 § 159. N. 1. — 7 Compare 
(§ 57. 4). — 8 §224. N. 1. — 9 § 190. 2. — i0 Why okaroq and 
not 6r«ro??— u § 131. I. — 12 § 221. N. 4.-— 13 §71. 2.— u Com- 
pare. — 15 § 117. 10. — 16 226. 2. — i7 Root ? — 18 § 134. 1. — I9 Th. 1 
— 20 § 165. 1. — 81 216. 1. 3. — 22 Composition? Synt. (222. 5).? — 
83 Why subjunct. (214. 3). ? — 24 222. 4. 



12 EXPED1TI0CYRI. 

TtoXXa xgrjfiaza tjopEv avrjg7zaxozEg. Ovzog 1 filv 8r) zoiavza eItts' 

[A.EZO. 8s ZOVZOV KlWQ%Og EL71E Z060VZOV ' 15. ' £?£ [i\v GTgaZ7]yrj(JOVZa 

ius zavzrjv zrjv azgazrjyiav fju]8elg vficov Xsysico ' noXla yc/.g ivogco 
81 a ifA.oi zovzo ov tzoujzeov ' 2 cog 8e zcp dv8gl 3 ov dv EXqa&e nsi- 
6o\ia& y 8vvazbv [idXiaza, ha eldrjze on xai dg%E6&ai lniGza\iai 
cog zig hou aXXog [tdXiGza av&Qconcov. 16. Mtzd zouzov aXXog 
avEGZi], imdeiv.vvg psv zt)v evq&eiav zov za nXoTa alzsTv 5 •xelevov- 
zog, cog7Z8Q G nd.Xiv zov gzoXov Kvgov fir) noiov\iivov, imdetxvvg 
8s cog ev-q-dsg Ei'rf i]yE\iova alzsiv nagd zovzov cp Xv[iaiv6[i£&a zr)v 
ngd^iv. El 8s zi xal zcp rjyEfiovi 8 mozevoouEV cp 9 dv Kvgog 8i8<x» 
zl 10 xcoXvsi y.ai za dv.ga rjfiiv xeXeveiv Kvqov 7tgoY.azaXa\i$dv£iv ; 
17. 3 Eyco ydg oxvoirjv 11 [isv av sig za nXoia ifi^aivsiv a r)(iiv doitj, 
pr) Tftiag avzalg zaig zgirjgEGi xazadvar}, 12 cpofioififjv 13 c¥ av zcp 
rjysfiovi cp doirj ETtEG&aij fit) Tjfiag dydyrj o&ev ov% olov u zs 
EGzai QeX&eTv fiovXoifirjV tf av dv-ovzog dnicov Kvqov Xadsiv 
avzbv a7ZE7.&c6v' b ov dvvazov egziv. 18. 'AXX sycoys 15 qirjul 
zavza (aev yXvagiag sivai' 8oxeT 8s [ioi av8gag iX-LJovzag ngbg 
Kvqov oizivsg 16 imzrjdeioi gvv KXsdg^cp sgatzav 17 ey.eivov, zi 13 fiov- 
Xszai i)fiiv %Qqo&ai' %cu lav fisv ?) ngd^ig 7} naganXy]Gia olctnsg 19 
%a) ngoc&sv tXQrjzo zoig ^svoig, 20 ETiEG&ai xal r)fidg v.ai \ir\ 
%av.iovg iG sivai zcov ngooxtsv zovzcp cvvavafidvzcov 19. lav 8s 
fiEi^cov* 1 r) TiQahg zrjg tzqog&ev cpaivrjzai xcu EniTtovcozsQa y.ai 
imiiivdvvozsQa, ahovv r] nEiaavza^ rtfiag aysiv r] nsw^ivza ngbg 
(piXiav acfiivai ' ovzco yag xal £7z6[ievoi 23 av cpiXoi avzcp aal ngo- 
&v{ioi s7zoi(x.E&a xa\ amovzsg accpaXcog av dnioijiEv' o zi 8' av 
ngog zavza Xsyrj 24 aaayyukai** 8svgo ' rjfiag 8' dxovaavzag ngbg 
zavza fiovXsvEG&aL 20. "E8o^e zavza, xal dv8gag iXopsvoi ovv 



1 § 149. 1. — 2 §§ 162. N. 1 : 200. 2. — 3 § 40. 2. Synt, ? — 4 § 118. 27. 

— 5 § 158. 3. — 6 § 192. N. 2. — 7 Subj. ?— 8 Synt. I— 9 Why the dat. ? 

— 10 What does the accent show this* to be ?— u §§ 87. N. 2 : 217. 2. 

— 12 Why subjunct. 1 — 13 Why optat. ? — u § 160. N. 1.— 15 § 64. 
N. l. — lg Decline. — 17 Accus. of thing?— 18 §167.R.— l9 §151. 
1. — 20 § 198. N. 1. — 21 How formed (§ 58. N. 3.)?— 22 Root? 
Tense how formed ? — 23 § 209. 1. — 2 * Upon what verb does 
this subjunct. depend ? — 25 § 104. 2. 



LIB. I. CAP. HI. 13 

KXectQxm mfxnovGiv, 01 tjqcqzcov Kvqov zd So^avza zrj GtQazia. '0 
tf dnsxQivazo bzi dxovoi 'A^Qoxopav i%&QOv avdga ini zcp 1 
EbyQax-q Tzoiafxco ehai, dns%ovza 8c68sxa Gza&povg ' nobg zovzov 
ovv eqjrj ftovXsG&ai eX&eiv ' xdv 2 filv y ixeT, ztjv 8ixr\v Eyq %Qr£etv 
sni&uvou avzcp, rjv 8s cpsvyri, rjpEig exel 7iQog zavza fiovXsvGoue&a. 
21. 'AxovGavzsg 8s zavza ol aiQszol 3 avayytXXovGi zoTg Gzqazico- 
zaig ' zoTg 8s vito\pia k fxsv jjv ozl aysi nQog fiaGiXia, oficog 8s 
i86xsi 5 tnsG&ai. HqogaizovGi 8s [MG&ov ' 6 KvQog vmGfvsizai 

TjfMoXlOV 7TU.GI 8o3GElV OV 71Q0ZEQ0V ECpEQOV, CtVzl 8aQElX0V ZQld ?][uda- 

ysixd zov [M]vbg $ rep GzoazMazr}' ozi 8s etzI fiaGiXscc ayoi ov8 y 
ivzavtf tfxovosv ov8slg sv ys zep cpavsQcp. 



CAP. IV. 

1. 'Evzev&ev E^sXavvsi Gza&fiovg 8vo naqaGayyag 8sxa inl zov 
2doov nozafibv, ov r\v zb evgog ZQia nXs&Qa. 'Evzev&ev E^sXavvsi 
^zad^ibv Eva naQ&Gayyag nivzs snl zbv Tlvqa\iov noza^bv, ov zb 
BVQog Gzd8wv. 'Evtev-Qev i£eXavv£i Gza&povg 8vo naoaGayyag 
7isvzsxai8sxa Eig 'Iaaovg, zrjg KiXixiag EG^dzr^v noXiv snl zrj 
•&aXdzzr[ olxovfis'vrjv, 7 [xsydXr]v 8 xal Ev8aifJL0va. 2. 'Evzavda 
EfiEivav TjiAtqag ZQEig ' y.al Kvoq) naQtjGav 9 al ex UsXonovvrjGOv v7jsg 
tQidxovza xal ns'vzs xal etc avzalg vavaoyog 10 Tlv&ayooag Aaxs- 
dcupoviog. 'Hysizo §' avzav 11 Taucog Alyvnziog e^'E^e'gov, s%mv 
vavg 12 izs'oag Kvqov nivzs y.al eixogiv, alg inoXiogxei MiXr]zov> 
ozs TiGGacpsovri qiiXi] 13 l\v, y.al GvvsnoXsfXEi 7 Kvoqi nobg avzov 
3. JlaorjV 14 8s xal XsiQiGocpog 6 Auxedcupoviog snl zwv vecov, 
fiEzdnsftnzog vnb Kvqov, snzaxoGiovg s%cov onXizag, cov EGZQazrjysi, 
naQa KvQcp. Al 8s vtjsg 15 wqiiovv naQa zr\v Kvqov Gxy\vtiv. 
''Evzav&a xal ol naq 'ApQOxopa [iiG&oqoQOi "EXXrjveg dnoGzdvzEg 



1 § 139. 3.— 2 §24. — 3 § 132. 1. — 4 § 129. 3. Th. ? — 5 Subj. 
(§ 159. N. 1.) ? — 6 Synt. 7 — 7 Th. ? — 8 § 56. — 9 Significations 
of noiod when followed "by the gen. dat. and accus. ? — 10 § 135. N. 1. 
— u § 184. 1. — 12 Decline. — 13 Why fern. gend. ? — 14 Followed 
by what case ? — 15 Dialect ? 

2 



14 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

ql&ov naqa Kvgov zszqaxoaioi bnXizai xal GWEGzqazEvovzo im 
^aaiXia. 

4. 'Evzev&ev i^sXavvsi oza&Libv ha naqacdyyag tievze in* 
nvXag z?jg KiXixiag xal ztjg 2vqiag. 7 H6av 8s zavra 8vo zsiy^ 
xai to [MV egco&ev nqb z?jg KiXixiag ^vt'vvEGig e7%e xal KiXixoov 
qsvXaxrj, zb 6° e$co to* nqb zrjg Zvqlag fiaoiXtoog iXtyszo cpvXaxq 
cpvXdzzEiv. Aid [ttcov 8s qei zovzcov 7iozafA.bg Ksqaog ovo\ia^ 
Evgog nXs&qov. Anav ds zb fisaov zwv zsiyoov r)(jav azddioi zosTg ' 
xal TTaQEl&sTv ovx yv* fiicc ' ijv yaq r) ndqo8og czerrj xcu zd zsiyrj 
Eig zi]v fidXazzav xa&rjxovza, vueq&ev 5 8' year nixqai rjXifiazoi ' 
im ds zoig ZEiyEdiv diiqjoziqoig icpsiaztjxEGav 6 nvXai. 5. Tavzqg 
evExa zrjg aaoodov Kvqog zdg vavg LiEZETisiiipazo, 7 orzcog bnXizag 
U7io(}if}diG8iEV 8 cnroi xal l|eo zoov tzv).<ov, xal fiiaadtiEvoi zovg noXs- 
\ilovg TzaDEA'&oiEV, ei cpvXdzzoiEv im zaig 2vqiaig nvXaig, onsq qezo 
7iovi\6Eiv b Kvqog zbv 'Afiqoxopav, fyovza tzoXv ozqdzsvfia. 'Afiqo- 
xofiag ds ov zovzo E7Zoii]G£v, dXX insl tJxovge Kvqov iv KiXixia 
ovza, 9 avaazqixpag ex &oivt'xqg naqd ^aaiXia dm]Xavr£v, syoop, wg 
iXsyszo, TQidxovza fivqiddag 10 azqaziag. 

6. 'Evzev&ev i^sXavvsi did Zvqiag Gza$\iov ha naqacdyyag 
tievze Eig Mvqiav8qov, noXiv oixovpsvyv vnb Ooin'xcov im zy 
ftaXdzzry iiinoqiov 8' t)v zb yooqiov xal 03Q[A.ovv avzo&i n bXxddsg 
noXXai. 7. 'Evzavtf Eiisivav rjiiiqag snzd ' xal Esvlag 6 'Aqxdg 
Gzoazrjybg xal ITaaioov 6 Msyaosvg iiifidvzEg 12 Eig nXoiov xal zd 
nXsiczov a£,ia iv&iiiEvoi aninXsvcav ' 3 ohg \isv zoig nXslazoig idoxovv 
(piXoztpTi&EvzEg ozi zovg ozoazicozag avzoov zovg nana KXsaqyov 
ansXdbvzag cog aniovzag Eig zijv 'EXXdda ndXiv xal ov nqbg fiaaiXsa 
Eia iA Kvqog zbv KXiaoyov e%eiv. 'Ensl #' ovv Ijaav dcparsig, 15 
di?jX&E Xoyog ozt diwxoi avzovg Kvqog zqirjqEGf 16 xal oi fisv 



1 When are nouns of the third declen. contracted ? — 2 § 140. 2. 
_ 3 § 167# __4 Subj. ? — 5 § 121. 2. — 6 §77. N. 2. — 7 Why mid. 
vo i ce 7 _ s Why optat? — 9 § 222. 2. — 10 § 62. 1.— u § 121. 1. 
— 12 Root ? -- 13 Why TtXsv here and nU in the pres. ? — H Aug. 1 — 
i5 B Why perispom. ? — 16 Synt. ? 



LIB. I. CAP. IV. 15 

svjpvzo cog doXiovg ovtag avzovg Xqcp&'tjvai 1 ol $ qjxtEiqov* si 
ccXojgowzo. 3 

8. Kvqog 8s GvyxaXsGag* tovg Gtqaztjyovg slnsv' ^AtzoXeXoi- 
naGiv 3 ijudg Esvlag xal IlaGicov ' dXX ev ys \iivzoi IniGtaGd-ooGav 
ozi ovzs dno8tdqdxaGiv' 6 olda ydq oizrj o't'yovzai' ovzs anonEcpEv- 
yaaiv ' e%(o ydq tqirjqsig ojgzs sXsiv 7 to exeivmv tiXoiov. ^AXXd 
[.id 3 tovg &EOvg ovx sycoys avtovg dioj^co' ovde iqst ov8tlg cog 
syco eoog fiev dv naqlf tig yoojuat, Insiddv 8 s dmsvav §ovXrjtai 1 
avXXafioov xai avzovg xaxcog ttoioj xal td yqijiiaza anoavXm. 
'AXXd lovtoov^ Eidozsg ozixaxlovg slat 11 nsql fjpag ij ijuslg 7zeq\ 
EXEivovg. Kaltoi e%oj ys autmv xal tkxva xal yvvaixag 12 ev TqdX- 

XsGl CpQOVQOVflEVCt ' o)X Ov5s TOVZCQV [3 GZEq/jGOVtat., dlX' CCTloXltyoV- 

tai ttjg 7tq6g\}ev h evsxa tteqI spCs dqsttjg. 9. Kal 6 \isv tavta 
eltzev olds EXXrjt'Eg, si 'rig xal d&vpozsqog yv nqbgtqv dvdfiaGiv^ 6 
dxovovzsg tqv Kvqov doszyv qdiov xal izqo\}v[i6teqov gvvetzoqev- 
ovto. 

Mszd tavta Kvqog i^sXavvsi Gta&fiovg tittaqag naqaGayyag 
eixogiv hnl tov XdXov notayCov, ovza to svqog nXsdqov, nXijot] 
6° l^d-vaov psydXcop xal nqasoov,* 6 o'vg ol Zvqoi fisohg ivopi£ov xal 
dSixsiv 17 ovx stoop, ovds tag nsqiGzsqdg. Al ds xoouai ev alg egx^- 
vovv X8 IIaqvGdti8og }9 l]Gav slg £(6vr]v dedofis'vai. 10. ' Erzsv&sv ££8- 
Xavvsi Gtaftfxovg nivts naqaGayyag tqidxovza inl tag nijyag tov 
/laqddaxog nozajiov, 20 ov to svqog nXs'dqov. 'Evzav&a r<Gav tit 
BsXsGvog ftaGiXsia tov JZvqiag 21 dq'Savzog, xal naqdSsiGog ndvv [is- 
yag xai xalog, Eycov navta oGa ooqai cpvovGi. Kvqog avtov 
i^&xoxjjE xal td ftaGiXEia xatExavGEv. 

11. 'EvtEv&Ev iZsXavvEi Gtad-povg tqsig naqaGayyag nsvtExai- 
d£xa im tov Evcpqdt-rjv notapbv, ovta to svqog tsztdqcov Gtadixov ' 



1 § 118. A. — a Account for i subs. — 3 Root ? — 4 Account for 
y. — " 5 § 99. — 6 § IIS. A. How does %»w become Sidgdaxa ? — 7 § 220. 
1. Root ? — 8 § 171. N. 1. — 9 § 214. 4. — l °§ 88. 1. — u Dif. between 
BiaC and e ?w?— 12 § 46. 1. ~' 13 §§ 181. 2: 206.3.— l *§ 141. 1. — 
15 § 129. 3. — 16 § 56. Decline. — 17 § 158.3. — 18 Th. ? — 1S § 175.— 
20 Why perispom. 1 — 21 Synt. ? — 22 A pronom. adj, of what kind 7 



16 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

xai noXig avzo&i epxsTro {JiEydXrj xal Evdaificov Odxpaxog bvo\iazi. x 
Evzavda EfXEivav rj^Eqag tzevze ' xal Kvqog [iEza7TE(A,xpd(XEVog zovg 
czqazijyovg zcov 'EXXrjvcov tlsyev ozi rj odbg egoizo nqbg fiaGiXia 
ptyav Eig BafivXcova ' xal xeXevei avzovg Xt'ysiv zavza zoig Gzqazi- 
cozaig xai avartEi^Eiv mea&ai. 12. Ol ds noirjaavtEg iaxXTjGiav 
anijyyEXXov zavza ' ol ds Gzqazicozai liaXinaivov zotg Gzqazriyoig, 
xai 'ityCLGuv avzovg* ndXai zavza Eidozag 3 xqvnzEivf nal ovx 
sqiaaav Uvai, 5 lav \ir] zig avzoig iqi][iaza didcp, 6 cognsq xal zoig 
nqozsqoig fiEza Kvqov avaftaGi naqd zbv naziqa zov Kvqov, xcu 
zavza ovh Im ftdfflv iovzcov, dXXd xaXovvzog zov nazqbg 7 Kvqov. 
13. Tavza ol Gzqazrjyol Kvqco aTzrjyyslXov ' 6 8' vtzeg^ezo 8 dvdql 
sxdazco 9 dcoGEiv tzevze dqyvqiov \ivdg^ lndv xi Eig BaftvXcova 
tjxcogi, teal zbv [juc&bv ivzelij f^tjQig dv xazaazfoy zovg "EXXrjvag 
Eig 'Icoviav ndXiv. To fisv d?] noXvzov 'EXXqvixov ovzcog etzeig^i]. 
Mevcov ds nq)v dtjXov Eivai zi tzoijJgovgiv ol dXXoi Gzqazmzai, 
nozEQOv EApovzai Kvqq> ?/ ov, gvveXe^e zb avzov GzqdzEv\ia %coqlg 
zcov dXXcov 12 xai eXe^e zdds. 13 

14. "AvdqEg, idv ipol tzeig&iJze, ovze xivdvvEwavzEg ovze no- 
vrJGavzEg zcov dXXcov nXiov nqozi^GEG^i Gzqazicozcov vnb Kvqov. 
Ti ovv xeXevco noujaai ; Nvv $Eizai Kvqog mEGd-ai zovg "EXXrjvag 
£m fiaGiXsa' lycb ovv (ptjfu vpag %q?jvai diafiijvai zbv Evcpqdz7]v 
nozaycbv nqiv §r[kov Eivai 14 o zi ol dXXoi "EXXqvsg dnoxqivovvzai 
Kvqco. 15. "Hv fAsv ydq \pijcpiGcovzai* 5 inea&ai, vfiEig oo^eze a'i- 
zioi Eivai dq^avzEg zov 8iafiaiv£iv 16 xal cog nqo&v\iozdzoig ovaiv vyfiv 
idqiv EiGEzai Kvqog xal anoowGEi' {IniGzazai $ Eizig v,a\ dXXog') 
tjv $ dnoxprityiccQVzai ol dXXoi, dmfisv fisv dnavzEg Eig zovfxnaXiv 
vjiiv (5' cog fzovoig TTEi&opE'voig niGzozdzoig %qrjGEzai xai Eig cfqovqia 
nal Eig Xo%ayiag' nal dXXov ovzivog dv Ss/jg&e olda ozi cog cpiXov 
zev^eg&e Kvqov. 17 16. 'AxovGavzEg zavza E7tEiQovzoy.a\§i£$riGav 



1 § 197. 2. — 2 § 144. 1. — 3 § 118. E. — 4 §§ 96. 2. Accus. of 
pers. following this verb ? — 5 § 158. 2. — 6 Why subjunct. ? — 7 What 
does this gen. abs. denote ? — 8 § 118. Y. — 9 § 140. N. 7. — 10 Why 
circumflexed (§ 32) ? — u Composition ? — 12 Synt. ? — - 13 § 70. 
— 14 § 220. 2.— I5 § 134. Th, 7 — i6 § 221. •*- J7 § 178. 2. 



LIB. I. CAP. V. 17 

nqlv tovg aXXovg unoy.qivaG&ai. Kvoog 8 insl rjo&E70 l dia^s^r^ 
y.ozag, 2 r t (j&)] 3 7E y.al rw G7QaTsvp.azi Ttsfi^pag D.ovv eitzev ' 'Eyco [asv, 
w uvdQSg, i t dtj vudg incmco ' OTicog ds y.al vfitig ip.s ikaivscrste tfiol 
peXtjasi* r} pipdn (.is Kvqov v&fu&rs. 17. Of fisv dt] atgaziwrai iv 
ilm'oi 5 fisydXatg ovjsg tvyovro avzbv Evzvy^Gai' Msvowt ds y.al 
daqa iXfysTO 7is flip at ixsyaXonqsnoig. Tama ds Tzou'-Gug dit^aivs ' 
Gvvsinszo ds y.al 70 alio Gzqdz£i\ua avzqj anav ' y.al 7mv diafiai- 
rovzcov 6 7ov 7i07a\ibv ovdslg i@iq£%&r] dvcozt'oco 7 zoov fiaG&cov 3 vtzo 7ov 
nozauov. 18. 01 os Oaipay.r^ol sXsyov on ov ttcqkox? 9 ovzog 10 6 
nozaubg diaftarbg 1 * ysvoiro tzeUj eifir] 767s, alia nXoioig a 70zs *A- 
pQOxopag TTQol'ojv 12 y.azsy.avGSv, ha firj Kvqog dia^rj. 'Edoxsi 4 dlj xrslov 
Eivac y.al Gaqwg v7Zoywqr t Gai zbv Tiozaubv Kvqoi cog fiaGi)*svG0V7i. 

19. 'Ev7tvd-£v i^sXavvsi did 7r t g JZvqi'ag G7a&fioi>g ivvia na- 
qaGayyag Tzsvzrjy.ovza, y.al dcpmvovvzctt Trqbg 70v "Aqat.r^v no7auov. 
'Ev7av&a r^aav xwfiai noXXal \isG7al gizov y.al o'lvov. 'Evzav&a 
s\iEivav r^sqag 7Q8ig y.al 87Z£Gi7iGav70. 13 

CAP. V. 

1. 'Ev78v&ev stslavvEi did 7rjg Aqaftiag 70v EvqtQaTTjv 7t07a\ibv 
iv OE^ia sycov Gza&ixovg iq/^uovg tzsvze naqaGayyag 7Qidy.ovza y.al 
7Z8V7E. 'Ev 70V7W ds 7co 7onm tjv fisv tj ytj Tzsdiov dnav ofiaXbv 
wgnso ■&dla77a, dxpivO-iov ds 7i/JjQsg' 14 si ds 71 y.al uXXo ivr^v vXrjg rj 
xaXduov, dnavza tjGav evoadq agrzto dqcopaza ' dsvdgov d' ovdsv svqv. 
2. Qijoia ds 7zavzoTu, 15 tzXeigzoi fisv ovoi ayqioi, ovx oXiyai 16 ds 
Gzqov&ol at fisydlai ' sr7;Gav ds y.al cozidsg y.al doqy.ddsg ' zavza 
ds 7a \rr t oia ol IrrnsTg iviozs sdicoy.ov. 17 Kal 01 psv ovoi, insi 7ig 
diaxoi, TZQodnapovzsg 1 * dv tGiaGav' 19 ttoXv ydq zdov'i7Z7zcov &a77ov 
szqsyov' y.al naliv Insl nlr^id'Zoi^ 6 innog zavzbv iftoiovv, 21 
y.al ovy. r\v Xafisiv, sifiij diaGzdvzsg ol innslg &r;qo}£v 22 diadsyofAEvoi 

1 Account for i subs. — 2 $ 222. 2. .— 3 Root ? — 4 Subj. 1 — ■ 
5 How formed ? — 6 §§ 140. 3 : 177. 1. — 7 § 125. N. 2.— 8 § 1S6. 1. — 
9 §5 25 : 14. 2. Composition? — 10 §140.5.— n § 132. 1. — 
■M 82. — 13 Th. ? — li Decline. — l5 Why properispom. ($§ 130: 
21) ? — 16 § 58. N. 3. — 17 What does this imperf. denote ? — 1S "§ 118 
T. — 19 §§ 209. N 4 : 213. N. 3. — 20 Th. ? — 21 § 210. N. 2. — 
22 § 87. N. 2. 

2* 



18 EXPEDITIOCYRI. 

zoTg Innoig} Tads xgs'a zwv dluaxopet'oov* l\v 7taqa7ilr\6ia zoTg 
ilacpsioig, analazsQa ds. 3. Zzqov&ov ds ovdslg slafisv ' ol ds 
dioj^avzsg zcov twit'cov 3 zayy inavovzo ' nolv ydg anscnazo cpsv- 
yovaa, zoTg (asv ttogI dgopq?, zaig ds ttzsqv^iv 4 uQaaa, 5 wgnsQ Igzig) 
XQcojA,zvr]. Tag ds azidag dv tig zayy dviazij, sazi lapfidvEiv' 
Trszovzai 6 ydg ^ga^h, wgnsQ ntodixsg, xal zayv anayoQEvovci. Ta 
ds xgsa avzcov tjdiaza r\v. 

4. noQEvofiEfoi ds dta zavzr\g zrjg x°°Q a $ dytxvovvzai Im zov 
Maaxav nozafibv, zb Evgog Tils&Qiaiov. 7 'Evzav&a ijv nolig 
EQrjfA,)], fAsydli], ovo/xa 8 ds avzy KoqgojztJ ; tzeqieqoeizo 9 ds avrrj vnb 
zov JMaaxa xvxlco. ' Evzav&a e^Eivav r^s'gag zgsig xal snsGizicav- 
zo. 10 b/Evzsv&sv s^slavvsi aza&fiovg ig?^ovg zQSig y.al dt'xa Ttaqa- 
cdyyag svsv{]xovza zov Evcpodzijv Tzozafjibv iv ds^ia sycov, xal aqu- 
xvslzai im Tlvlag. ' Ev zovzoig zoTg azadfioTg nolld zcov vTZo^vyioov 
a7i(6lszo 11 V7TO Xif-iov' ov ydg i\v yogzog ovds alio ovdsv ds'vdgov, 
alia, xpil?] tjv anaoa 12 rj %(6oa' ol ds Ivoixovvzsg ovovg dlszag 
nana zov tzozafibv OQvzzovzsg xal noiovvzsg elg Bafivlwva rffov 
xal 87TojIovv xal dvzayoqaQovzsg aizov k%o)v. 6. To ds czQazsvpa 
6 oTzog inslmE, xai TZQiaa&ai ova qv si ii\ iv zi] Avdia dyoga 13 Iv 
zoi Kvqov [}aQ@aQixcp, zrjv xanlfrriv 1 alsvQoov rj dlqizav zszzdgoov 
otylcov' 14 c O ds olylog duvazai 15 stzzcc bftolovgxal ?][iio@6liov 'Az- 
zixovg' r{ ds yani&ri dvo yolvixag^ 'Azzixdg i^cogst. 16 Kgsa ovv 
ia&iovzsg ol azgazicozai disylyvovzo. 7. J IIv ds zovzoov zcov aza- 
-&ficov l ovg Ttdvv naxoovg ijlavvsv, ottozs rj TZQog vdooQ 17 fiovloizo 
diazslsaai ij TTQog yikov. Kai d/j tzozs czsvo^cogiag 18 xal Ttijlov 
qiavsvzog zaig afid^aig dugnoQEvzov 19 Insczt] 6 KvQog gvv zoTg tteqc 
avzbv uQiazoig xal svdai^ovEozdzotg xal szat,s 20 Tlovv xai Til- 



1 Synt. ? — 2 Signif. of perf. act. (§ 205. N. 2.) ? — 3 § 177. N. 
1. — 4 Nom. how formed ? — 5 § 104. N. 5. — 6 Dep. pass, or dep. 
mid. ? — 7 § 131. 1. — s §§ 157. N. 10 : 160. 2. — 9 §§ 82. R : 13. 
— 10 Why Mid. voice? — u Root ? Log. Subj. ? — 12 §§ 53. N, 
2 : 10. 2 : 12. 5.— 13 Why perispom. ? — 14 190. 1.— 15 § 208. N. 1. 
_i6 Th> 7 — it ^ 46> h _ i^ Composition ? — 19 § 132. I.— 20 Tense- 
root ? 



LIB. I. CAP. V. 19 

ygrjza Xaftovzag tov fiaQfiaoixov Gzqazov^ Gvvsxfiiftd&iv 2 tag dpid<~ag. 
8. y EtteI ds idoxovv avzco GyoXaicog tzoisiv wgnsQ ogyrj ixsXsvcs 
tovg tteqi avzbv TlioGag zovg xqaziGzovg GvvE7iiG7isvGai tag d- 
fidtag. "Ev&a dq [isoog zi 3 zi\g evta^iag rjv -&EdGaG&ai. 'Pixpav- 
tsg 4 ya.Q tovg ttOQCpvQOvg xdvdvg 5 onov szvysv txaGzog sGzrjxojg, 6 
isvzo agasQ dv dqapoi tig tzsqi vixrjg, xal \idXa xazd nqavovg 
yqXocpov, syovzsg tovzovg ts tovg noXvtsXsig yitcovag xal tag 
noixikag dva^voidag, svioi ds xal Gtqsntovg ttsqI toig toayrjXoig 
xal ipsXXia 7zsqI taig ysQGiv ' sv&bg ds avv tovzoig slgnr^iGavzsg 
€ig tbv 7itjXbv ftazzov 1 rj a>g tig dv cpszo fxszscoQovg s^exoyiGav zdg 
afid^ag. 9. To ds Gvpnav dyXog r\v KvQog G7tsvdojv ndaav z\v 6dbv s 
xal ov diazQi'fiojv bnov [ir\ imaitiG^iov svsxa q tivbg aXXov dvay- 
xaiov sxa&s%sto, vopi^mv, ogoj fisv dv fidzzov sl&oi, toaovtcp 
aTtaQaGxsvaGtotsQCp 9 fiaGiXsi fxdysG&at, ogcq ds GyoXaiozsqov, to- 
oovzcp tzXsov GvvaysiQEG&ai fiaGiXsT Gzodzsvyia. Kal Gvvidsiv 6^ tjv 
tip TTQogsyovzi 10 zbv vovv fj fiaGiXscog dqyrj tzXij'&ei 11 /asv ycoqag xal 
dv&QcoTtcov iGyvqd ovGa, zoig ds \ir\xsGi tcov odcov xai tm di£G7zaG&ai lz 
tag dvvd^Eig dG&Evqg, u tig did tayscov tbv noXsyov noioito. 

10. Tlsqav ds tov Evyqazov noza\iov vz xazd tovg tqr^ovg 
aza&pobg )\v noXig evdai^oov xal iisydXrj, ovoyia ds Xaqyavdrj. 
3 Ex tavzrjg ol azqazicozai Tjyoqa^ov 14 td imT-qdsia, Gysdlaig 
dia@aivovzsg cods, Jicp&sqag ag sly^ov Gxsnd.G\iaza i5 sm'[i7zXaGav 16 
yoQzov 17 xovcpov siza Gvvrjyov xai gwegttcov^ cog \M] antzGxfai zijg 
xdqcprjg 18 zb vdcoq. 19 Enl zovzcov disfiaivov xal ikd^avov td ini- 
tqdsia, olvov ts ix zrjg fiaXdvov 7iS7ioirjyJvov 20 ttjg dnb zov cpoi- 
vtxog 21 xal gizov [AsXivyg ,22 zovzo ydq qv iv zy yojQa nXsiGzov. 

1 1. 'AfAtyiXE^dvzGiv ds zi ivzai'&a tcov ts tov Mzvmvog Gtqa- 
tiootav xal tcov tov KXsdoyov, 6 Klsaqyog xqlvag adixsiv tbv 23 tov 

1 § 178. 1. — 2 § 96. 1. Force of avv and ix in this word ? — 
3 5 22. 3. — 4 § 4. 2. — 5 Why not perispom. in accus. plur. like 
ix&vq (43. 1.) ? — 6 § 222. 4. — 7 §§ 6. N. (2) : 124. 2. Compare. — 
8 § 167. — 9 Th. ? — t0 §140. 3.— u § 197.2. — l2 § 221.— 1S §§188.2: 
121. (3.) — 14 Th. ? § 134. 1. — l5 § 129. 4. — 16 § 118. iT. — l7 § 181. 
2. — n § 179. 1. — 19 Why does v take the rough breathing? -~ 
20 Account for tj in the antepen. ? — 21 Nora, how formed % — s? What 
relation does this gen, denote ? — 23 § 14& 4. 



20 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

Msvcovog nXrfldg hsfiaXsv 6 l tf iX&mv nqbg zb savzov Gzqdzsvyu 
sXeysv ' dxovGavzsg d' ol Gzqazimzai syaXtnatvov xal caqyi^ovzo 2 
iGyvqwg zcjj KXsdqycp. 12. Ty 5' avzy ijpsqa, KXsaqyog iXdojv mi 
itjv didfia&iv 3 zov noza\iov xal ixeTxazaGxs'ipdfA.svog zi\v dyoqdv 
aqiTTTtevei 4 ln\ zr t v avzov axtjvrjv did zov Mtvcovog czqazevuazog 
cvv bXiyoig zoig nsqi avzov ' (Kvqog tf ovtzco r^ev, dXX szi nqog- 
TjXavvs'} zcov ds Ms'vwvog Gzqazicozoov %vXa ayj^cov rig ag tlds zbv 
KXsaqyov disXavvovza, irjGi zr[ d\ivr^. Kal ovzog psv avzov 5 r\- 
[xaqzev, 6 aXXog ds Xiftcp xal dXXog, slza noXXoi, yqavyjjg ysvofxs'vtjg. 7 
13. e ds xazaqsvysi elg zb savzov Gzqdzsv\ia> xai sl'&vg na- 
quyysXXei elg id onXa ' xal zovg psv bnXizag avzov ixs'XsvGe 
[A,eivai 8 zdg aGnldag nqbg zd yovaza 9 %(vzag ' avzbg ds Xafiwv 
rovg Oqaxag xcu zovg Innsag ol l[Gav avzm iv zq? Gzqazsv\iazi 
nXeiovg 10 rj zezzaqdxovza, zovzcov 6° ol tzXeZgzoi Oqaxsg, rjXavvev 
E7zl zovg Msvcovog, 11 agzs ixsivovg ixTrsnXr/ydai 12 xal avzov Mi- 
vcova, y.a\ zqsysiv im zd onXa. Ol ds y,al sczaaav 13 v.noqovvzsg 
7ft5 nqdy\iazi. 14. 1 ds Tlqo^svog, szvys ydq vGzeqog nqogmv li 
y.ai zd^ig avzcp snoaivri zwv bnXizmv, svdvg ovv elg zb fisaov df.t- 
yozsqcov dycov s&szo zd onXa, xal ideizo rov KXsaqyov nrj noisiv 
zavza. '0 ds lyaXsnaivsv ozi avzov bXiyov dsrjoavzog nazaXsv- 
G&ijvai 15 nqawg Xsyoi zb avzov ndftog ' iasXsvs zs avzov in zov 
(isgov s'E.iazaG&ai. 11 15. s Ev zovzcp ds STtysi y.al Kvqog xal mv- 
•dszo 16 zb rtodyiia, sv&vgd' sXafie zdnaXzd elg zdg ysTqag xal cvv 
zoig TzaqovGi 17 zcov mczajv 18 tjxsv iXavvcov elg zb [as'gov, y,a\ Xsyei 
zdds. 16. KXtagys v,a\ Hqo\svs y.a\ oldXXoi ol naqovzsg^EXXrivsg, 
ovv. iaze 19 o zi noisTzs. El ydq nva zo dXXtfXoig \idyr\v Gvvdxpszs 
y o fillers iv ztjde zq fys'qa sps ze xazaxexoipSGdai 21 xal i>fidg ov 



1 § 142. 1. — 2 Th. ? — 3 What do verbal nouns ending in aiq 
denote ? — 4 § 209. N. 1. — 5 § 180. 1. — 6 Root ? — 7 What does this 
gen. abs. denote ? — 8 Why properispom. ? — 9 § 46. 1. — 10 Com- 
pare and decline. — u Relation denoted ? — 12 How is nlrjoa 
formed from nlay (§118. Jl) ? Account for/ in the penult. — 
13 Why the imperf. ? — 14 §222.4. — 15 Synt. ? — 16 Root? — 
17 What is this part.=to ? — 18 $ 177. N. I. — 19 § 118. E. N. 1. — 
20 Why not accented 1 — 21 § 211. N. 3. 



LIB. I. CAP. VI. 21 

noXv iftov vgteqov ' xaxcog ydq zcov r)(iEZEQcov iyovzcov ndvzsg 
ovzoi ovg bqazs ftdoftaooi noXsiMcozEooi r)piv sGovzai zcov 1 nagd fia- 
giXsl ovzcov. 17. 'AxovGag zavxa 6 KXeaoyog iv iavzop iytvszo * 
xal 7zavad(xevoi 2 dficpozsooi xazd ycoqav s&evzo za onXa. 

CAP. VI. 

1. 'EvZEV&EV nqOlOVZCOV 3 tyaiVEZO 4 i'p'ia 17T7TCOV XCU XOTZQOg 

slxd^szo ds sivai 6 Gzipog cog digyiXicov 5 inncov. 1 Ovzoi nqo'iovzsg 
sxaiov xal ytlbv xal u zi aXXo yqtjGijiov f l v - 3 0qovzt]g ds Ils'qG^g 
avtjQ, ysvsi 6 re 7TQogrjxcov fiaaiXei xal za noXsfud 7 Xsyofisvog iv 
tolg dqiGzoig IJsqGcov 8 imftovXsvEi Kvqcp xal nqoG&sv noXs^Gag. 
2. KazaXXayslg ds ovzog Kvqcp sinsv, si avzcp doit] 9 innsag yili- 
ovg, on zohg nqoxazaxaiovzag innsag r\ xazaxaivoi dv ivsdqsvGag 
7] t,covrag noXXovg avzcov sXoixal xcoXvgsie 10 tov xaistv 11 imovzag, 
xal noirjGEisv cogzs \ii]nozs dvvaGdai avzovg idovzag 1 " zb Kvqov 
Gzodzsvpa ftaGiXsi diayysiXai. Top ds Kvqcp axovGavzi zavza ido- 
xsi cocpsXipa 13 sivai' xal exsXevgev avzov Xaptfiavsiv fis'qog naq 
txaGZOv zcov r)ys{ji6vcov. 

3. ' ds ' OQOvzrjg vofiiGag szoi\xovg avzcp sivai zovg innsag 
yodcpsi iniGZoVr\v naqd fiaaiXsa ozi rfeoi sycov innsag cog dv dvvt]- 
rai nXsiGzovg' dXXd cpqaGai 14 zoTg s avzov InnsvGiv 15 ixsXsvsv cog 
cpiXiov avzov vnodsysG&ai. 3 Ev?jv 5' iv zy iniGzoXy xal zijg nqo- 
g&ev 15 cfiXiag vnoixvij^aza xal niGzscog* Tavzr]v zr)v iniGzoXr)v 
didcoGi niGzap dvdql cog cpszo ' 6 ds Xaficbv Kvqop dsixvvGiv. 4. 
"Avayvovg 17 ds avzr)v 6 Kvqog GvXXa^dvsi 18 'Oqovzrjv, xal Gvyxa- 
Xei 19 sigzrjv savzov Gxt]vrjv IIeqgcov zovg dqiGzovg zcov nsql avzov 
inzd ' xal zovg zcov 'EXhqvcov Gzqazt]yovg sxsXevev bnXizag ayayslv i 
zovzovg ds &EGdai zd onXa tzeqI zi]v avzov Gxr]vr]v. 01 ds zavza 



1 Synt. ? — 2 Why mid. voice ? — 3 § 27. N. 1. — 4 Why 
s:ng. ? — 5 § 60. N. 4. — 6 § 197. 2. — 7 Deriv. ? Synt. ?— 8 § 177. 
1. _ 9 § 216. 3. — 10 § 87. N. 3. — n §§ 221 : 180. 2. — 12 § 118. 
E. — 13 § 131. 4. — " Root 1 — l5 Why properispom. ?— 16 \ 141. 
1. — 1T §§ 118. r : 36. 2 : 12. 5. — 18 § 12. 3. - i9 § 12. 2.- 



22 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

tnoiriaav, dyayovzsg cog tqigpXiovg bnXizag. 5. KXiagyov ds xa\ 
e'igco tzuqexuXege GvpfiovXov, og ys xat ai>Tcp xal zoTg dXXotg idoxst 
nQOTi^ajdl^vai pdXiGza tcov 'EXXi^vcov. 'EtzeI <5' i^Xdev, s^rjytds 
loig (piXoig rrjv xq'igiv tov 'Oqovzov cog iysvszo ' ov yuq dnoQQqzov 1 
tjv. J/ Eq)i] ds Kvqov aQ%eiv tov Xoyov 2, cods ' 

6. IlaQExaXsGa vfidg, dvdQEg cpiXoi, bncog gvv vpitv fiovXsvo- 
fiEvog, o %i dixaiov egti xai Ttqbg ftscov xal nqog dv&Qconcov, zovzo 
7ZQa£(o 3 tieq\ 'Oqovtov tovtov'L 4 Tovtov yd.Q tzqcozov psv 6 spbg 
7iciTi t Q sdcoxsv vtt/jxoov ipol sivai. 5 'Ensl ds Ta^&sig, tog i eft] avzbg, 
imb tov e\uov ddsXcfOv ovzog E7ToXspi]GEv ipoi s%cov tijv iv Zdyds- 
giv dxQonoXiv, xal syco avzbv nQognoXEucov inoiijaa cogzs do£at 

TOlTCp TOV TTQOg EfJLS TToXtpOV 6 TZaVGaG&at, y.ai ds^ldv sXapOV xal 

sdcoxa. 7. Mszd zavza, icpy, co 'Oqovzci, 7 egziv b rt 8 ge jjdixqGa ; 9 
'0 ds a-TTEKQirazo, on 10 ov. TldXiv ds 6 KvQog tjQcoza' Ovxovv 11 
vgteqov, cog avzbg gv bpoXoysTg, ovdsv vri ipov adixovpsvog anoGzag 
Eig MvGovg xaxcog snomg 12 t\v tptjV %coQav o ti idvrco ; 13 "Ecpri o 
'Oq6vz7}S- Ovxovv, scprj 6 KvQog, bnoz av syvcog 14 t)\v aeavzov . 
duvafuv, iX&cov sm tov Tijg '^Qzspidog ficopbv parapeXsiv te Got 
scprjG&a 15 xat nsiGag sps, ttigtcc 7id7.iv sdcoxdg pot xal D.afisg tzuq 
ipov ; Kal Tavtf 16 copoXoysi 6 'OQOvzijg. 8. Ti ovv, scpq 6 KvQog, 
ddix^dslg vri spov vvv zb tqltov etzi^ovXevcov 17 pot qavEQog ys'yo- 
rag ; Einovzog 8s zov'Oqovzov oti ovdsv ddtx^dslg, 13 tjqojtijgev 13 
6 KvQog avzov '* OpoXoyslg ovv tzeqi ips ddr/.og 20 ysyEvlijGftat ; 7 H yd.Q 
dvdyy.?], scf?] 6 ' OQovzijg. 'Ex tovtov ndXv iiqcozviGEv 6 Ki>Qog ' 
"Ezt ovv dv ytvoio tw Epco ddtXcfto nolspiog, spot ds y.ai qiXog y.ai 
niGTog ; ds d7ZEXQirazo on ovd' si yEvoipijv, w Kvqe, go'i y dv 

EZt 77076 dotaiJK. 

9. TlQog zavza 6 KvQog eItte Totg naQovGiv '0 plv dvtjQ zoi- 
avza {ilv 7TE7Z0();x£, zoiavza ds Xt'ysf vpav ds gv TtQcozog, w 



1 § 132. 1. — 2 k 184. 1. — 3 § 214. 1. — 4 § 70. N. 2. — 
5 $ 219. 2. — 6 § Svnt. ? — 7 $ 31. (4.) — 8 Why o xi and not on ? 
Synt. (§ 167) 1 — ' 9 Th. ?— 10 § 228. 2. — ll ^ 15. 4. — 12 § 165. N. 
2. _ i3'§ 117. N. 3. — H § 117. I. What c. v. is dropped (§ 85. 1> ? 
— 15 § 84. N. 6. — i6 Account for ^. — 17 222. 2. — 18 § 222. h — 
19 Accus. of thing following this verb ? — 20 § 161. 1. 



LIB. I. CAP. VII. 23 

Kte'aQxe, dn6^r\vai yvco^v o rt ooi doxst KlsaQyog ds eItts 
tads ' Zv^ovIevm lyca top avdga tovzov 1 ex7To8gji> 2 noiEiGxrai 
cog zd^iGza, d>g (Xqxsrt dei] tovtov yvlaTTEGd-ai, alia c%olq (j r^Zv 
10 xaia tovrov slvai 3 tovg ideloviag qiilovg tovtovq tv tioihv. 
10. Tavzy ds zy yvtoftri iqrf ka} rovg allovg nQogdioOat. Mtzd 
ravTd xslsvovzog Kvqov ild$ovzo zi]g £o5vr t g 4 tov 'Oqovzy^v Ini 
fi-uvdzo?, anavTsg dfaazavzEg not ol avyyevsig ' 5 ska ds i^yov 
avzbv olg TTQogEzd^&i]. 'EtteI ds sidov avzbv oitteq tiqogOev 
TtQogExvvovv, xal tote TtQogExvvijGav^ xainsQ Eidozsg ozi In), &a- 
vdzrp dyoizo. 7 11. 'Ens) ds sig t\v 'AQzandzov Gxr^qv EiGipt'yOi] 
tov mazozdzov twv Kvqov gxijtztovxmv, 3 \isxd ravza ovze t,£)vza 
'Oqovt/jv ovze ZE-Ovijxoza 9 ovdslg slds 71007101 s, ovft oTrwg dnidavEv 
ovdslg Eidag slsysv' slxa'Qov d' allot dlloog' Tuyog d' ovdslg 
7io!mozE abzov kpavij. 

CAP. VII. 

1. 'Evtev&ev E^slavvsi did rljg Bafivlcovt'ag Gza\}[.wvg TQsTg 
Tiaqaadyyag dx>dsxa. 'Ev ds zco TQizcp Gza&ficp KvQog t^szaaiv 
TTOisTzai znov ' Ell/jvaiv xal zmv fiaQfiaQcov sv top nsdicp tieqi {.isGag 
vvxzag ' 10 sdoxsi ydo sig t\v sniovaav sco tJ^eiv fiaailta gvv zcp 
(jZQazevpazi paxovfisvov 11 xal IxeIeve Klsao%ov fitv zov dthov 
xtgcog 12 ijysiad'ai, Mtvwva ds zbv Qszzalbv zov evwvv[a.ov' avzog 
ds zovg savzov disza^s. 2. Met a ds tijv l^szaGiv dfia tv { imov- 
G Xi fysQM 13 tjxovzsg avzofioloi naod fxsydlov ^aailtoog dnt'iyytllov 
Kvqco tzeqI zlqg fiaailscog azQazidg. KvQog ds ovyxalt'aag 14 zovg 
GZQazrjyovg xai lo%ayovg z<x>v 'Elhp'cov gvve(jovIevez6 15 te ncog 
dv z\v ndyr\v tzoloizo, xal avzbg TzaQXivei 16 d-aoQvvwv zoidds 3. 
i2 avdosg' Elhjvsg, ovx dr&QojTiojv 13 aTTOQwv fiaQpdqcov 6VfJ t ud%ovg 



1 § 140. 5. — 2 § 124. N. — 3 § 221. N. 3. — 4 § 179. 2. — 5 Account 
for y in the antepen. — 6 Th. ? — 7 § 216. 3. — 8 Why paroxytone 1 
9 § 118. 0. — 10 Nom. how formed ? — u § 222. 5. — 12 § 42. N. 3. — 
13 Synt. ? — H Why * in the pen. contrary to gen. rule (§ 95.) ? 
— l5 Why two accents ? — 16 Account for the 1 subs. 



24 EXPEDITIOCYRI. 

vpag dyco, alia vofiiQcov dfiEivovag xal xosizzovg nollcov fiaofidotov 
vfiag shai, did zovzo noogslafiov. " Oncog olv sgeg&e 1 avdgsg 
ahoi zijg ilev&Eoi'ag 2 r t g 3 xsxzipj&a y.al vttsq r t g v\iag iyco svdai- 
[iovi£(o. 4 Ev ydg igze ozi z)\v ilsv&EQiav 5 iloipqv dv avxi cov 
'syco ndvzcov xal dllcov TtollaTzlaoicov. 4. " Oncog ds xal EidJjzs 
Eig olov 6 e'q%eg&s dycova, iyco vfiag Eidcog didd£co. To fx.lv ydq 
nlrj&og nolv y.al xqavyif nollfj iniaGiv ' dv ds zavza avdoxqade, zd 
alia 7 xal aiG%vv£Gdai [toi doxco olovg r\\uv yvcoGEG&E zovg iv zy 
XcoQct ovzag dv&Qconovg. 'Tficov ds avdocov 8 ovzcov xal £vzol\icov 
ysvopsvcov, iyeb vpcov 9 zbv fisv oixads fiovlopsvov dnisvai zoTg 
oixoi 10 ^rjlcazbv nou]Gco ansl&eiv' nollovg d' olfiat noirjasiv id 11 
naq ipol slsadai dvzl zcov oixoi. 

5. 3 Evtav&a ravlizyg naqcov cpvydg Zdfiiog, niGzbg ds Kvqcq, 
sins ' Ka\ (A.tjv, co Kvqe, Isyovoi zivsg ozi nolld vniGyvy vvv did 
to iv zoiovzco sivai tov xivdvvov nqogiovzog ' dv if ev ysvtjzai zi, 
ov lASfxvija&ai 12 gs 13 yaatv ' svtoi ds ovd' ei [*E(j.vcp6 u ze xal fiovloto, 
dvvaa&ai dv dnodovvai oaa l ° vniGftvi]. 6. 'dtxovGag zavza sls- 
£sv 6 Kvqog • 'ADl egzi fisv fyiv, co dvdosg, rj dq%r] r\ nazqepec 
TTohg fjisv iiEGrH-tfioiav fis^qig ov 16 did y.av t ua ov dvvavzai oixeTv 
dv&qconoi ' Tzoog ds dqxzov fis'xQig ov did ysificova ' zd c¥ iv 
[xsGcp zovzcov anavza GazqansvovGiv ol zov ifiov ddslcpov (pilot. 
7. *Hv 5' TjfisTg vixtjgcoiiev, rjfidg dsl zovg rjfjiEzsQOvg cpilovg zovzcov 
iyxoazEig noCrfiai. a Qgzs ov zovzo didoixa 17 fir} lS ovx sxco o zi 
dco sxdazco zeev qu'lmv, dv ev ys'vrjzai, 19 dlld \ir\ ovx s^co Ixavovg 
olg dco. 'Tficov ds zcov 'Elhpcov xai azicpavov sxdazco xqvgovv 
dcoaco. 8. 01 ds zavza axovGavzsg avzoi ze r\Gav nolv nQO&v\io- 
teqoi xal zoig dlloig i&jyysllov. ElgrjsGav ds naq avzov ol zs 
GTQazr^yol xal zcov dllcov 'Elhjvcov zivsg, 20 d^iovvzsg Eidsvai zi 



1 § 213. N. 5. — 2 § 190. 2. — 3 Synt. ? — 4 Th. ? — 5 § 128. — 
6 Pronom. adj. of what kind ? — 7 § 167. — 8 § 40. N. 3. (2). — 
8 § 177. N. 1. — 10 § 121. N. 1. — ll 140. N. 5. — 12 Would this 
word have received two accents had it been paroxytone ? — 
13 § 22. N. 2. — 14 Account for the i subs. — 15 § 150. 5. — I6 § 194. 
— ir § 98. N. 3. — 18 § 224. 5.— 19 § 157. N. 8. (I).-- 20 Why does 
this enclitic retain its accent ? 



LIB. I. CAP. VII. 25 

cqitr>iv EGzai, idv xqazfiGcoGiv. e 8s ifimnXag dnavzcxsv z\v yvafiijv 

a,7Z87Z£{t7TE. 9- IIctQ£X8).£V0V70 6*' aVZCp 7ldvZ£g 06017Z£Q 8l£X(yOVZO 
fl)] {IU%£(5&CU, alX 07ZIG&EV SaVZQJV 1 zdzZSGxfaU 'Ev 8s Zty XCUQCp 

zovzco KXsaqyog co8s nag ?jqsto Kvqov ' 0'isi ydq goi fiay£iG&ai, co 
Kvqe, zbv aOEiyov ; Nif At ', 'icp-q 6 Kvqog, EinEq ye Aageiov xcu 
IlaQvadiidog ian naig, ipbg 8s dSsXcpbg, ovx d^aysc zavza syco 
Irjipofiai. 

10. 'Evzav&a 8>] iv zij it,07iXiGia dqid-fibg 3 iysvEZO zwv \isv 
'EXXrjvcov aamg fivqia xal zszqaxoGia ' 7ts7aaGzai 8s 8igyiXioi 
xal nEvzaxoGioi' zav ds fi£zd Kvqov fiaqfidqcov 8sxa \iv~ 
qtdSsg xa\ dq\iaza 8q£7Tavrjcp6qa} dfA-cpl zct eixogi. 11. Tav ds 
noXE(ii(ov iXsyovzo Eivai sxazbv xcu eixogi fivqidSsg xcu aqpaza 
dq£7Tav?]cp6qa diaxoGia. "AXXoi 8s ijGav i^axigyiXioi wneZg, coy 
'AqzaysqGrjg ijqy£v ' ovzoi 8s nqb avzov ficcGiXscog z£zay\i£voi r\Gav. 
12. Tov 8s fictGiXt'cog Gzqaz£v\iazog i\Gav dqyovzEg xcu Gzqazr\yo\ 
xcu r/yE^ovEg zizzaqsg, zqidxovza [xvqidScov ExaGzog, 'Afiqoxoy.ctg, 
TiGGacpSQvrjg, rcofiqvag, "Aqfidx^g. Tovzcov 8s naqeyivovzo iv r§ 
fidyrj ivvEvqxovza (J.vqid8£g xcu dqpaza 8q£7iavr]q.6qa ixazbv xai 
Tievz/jxovza ' 'Afiqoxofiag ydq vGZ£q?]G£ zljg \idyr\g x T\\i£qag nsvzs, 
ix <&oivixqg iXavvcov. 13. Tavza 8s rjyysXXov nqbg Kvqov ol 
avzofioXrJGavzsg ix zcov tzoXe^iicov Ttaqd fxsydXov ficcGiXicog nqb ztjg 
(A,d%t]g ' xui \isza z\v fidyrjv, oi vGZEqov iXfjcpftyGctv zav TzoXEfiiav, 
zavza 'ijyysXXov. 14. 'Evzsv&ev 8e Kvqog i^sXavvsi Gza&fibv svcc 
TzaqaGayyag zqeTg GvvzEzayfxs'vcp zoj Gzqaz£Vfj,azi i navzl xcu zqi 
EXXrjvixcp xai zaj fiaqfiaqixco ' q>£zo 5 ydq zavxr^ zq rifxiqct \iay£iG§ai 
BaGiXia ' xazd ydq fisGOv zbv Gza&tibv zovzov zdcpqog rp bqvxzrf 
fia&na, zb ijlsv svqog bqyvial tisvze, zb 8s fid-frog bqyviai zqsTg, 
15. JJaqszszazo 7 8s i] zdyqog dvco 8id zov tteSiov inl SaSsxa naqa- 
cdyyag fir/qi zov Mrfiiag ZEiyovg. "Ev&a 8\ siaiv cii 8ic6qvy£g, 
dnb zov Tlyqijzog nozafiov qiovGai ,s eigI 9 8s zszzaqsg, zb ph £v- 



i Synt. ? — 2 § 171. N. 1. — 3 Subj. or pred.? — 4 § ft8. 
— 5 Why the imperf. 1 — 6 § 132. 1. Th. ?— 7 Root ?— 8 When does 
v take the rough breathing ? — 9 What does the accent show this 
to be ? 

3 



26 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

gog nXs&Qiaiai, 1 fiadsTai 8s iGfiVQcog, xal nXoXa tzXei iv avzaXg 
Gizaycoyd' 2 Eig§dXXovGi8s sig zov EvcpQazr^v, 8iaX£inov6i 3 8s sxdotrj 
naQaadyyr]Vy yicpvQai 8s stieigiv. 16. Hv 8s naQ avzov zov Ev- 
qiQazqv jictQodog gzevt] (xsza'S.v zov nozafiov* xai zrjg zdcpQov cog 
zixoGi Tzodcov zo svQog. Tavzijv 8rj t\v zdcpQov fiaGilsvg psyag 
noiu dvzl iovparog, irrsidr] nvvddvszai Kvqov TtQogsXavvovza. 5 
17. Tavzijv 8t] z\v tidoodov KvQog ze xal rj GZQaziu naoriX&E y.al 
tysvovzo eigco zr L g zdcpQov. Tavzri \iiv ovv zr} tj[aequ g ova i[ia%E- 
cazo fiacJilevg, dXX vtto/coqovvzcov cpavsQa r^av xal Inncov y.al 
dv&Qconcov \p>ij noXXd. 18. 'Evzav&a KvQog ZiXavov xaXsGag 
zov 3 ^4jn@Qay.ic6zt]v \idvziv sdoaxev avzcp daoeixovg ZQ<g%iXiovg, ozi 
zri irdexdzri an ix'swqg ztjg r^tqag ttqozeqov ftvofiEvog eTuev avzcp 
ozi fiaoiXevg ov \iayzlzai dtxa tj^ieqcov ' 7 Kvoog 8* eJttev, Ovx aqa 
sti fiaxeizaij el iv zavzaig ov fia^eXzai, zaXg r^iqaig ' iav & dXr\- 
•dsvG^g, 8 vniG^vov^iai gol 8sxa zdXavza. Tovzo zo xqvciov zozs 
anidcoxev, insl naQtjX'&ov at 8ixa fye'oai. 19. 'EtteI 8' im zy 
lacpQcp ovy. ixcoXvs fiaGilsvg zo Kvqov cJTodzEVfta 8iafiaivEiv, s s8o%e 
y.ai Kvocp y.al zoig aXXoig dnsyvcoyJvai zov [td%EG&ai 4 cogzs zij vgze- 
Qala Kvoog inoQsvszo qjisfoytivos paXXov. 20. Trj 8s zqizyj im' 
ze zov doftazog xadfysvog 10 zr^v noQEiav iaoisXzo v.a\ bXiyovg iv 
rd%Ei £%cqv nob avzov ' zo 8s noXv avzcp avazEzaoay\isvov ino- 
qevezo xal zcZv onXcov zoTg GZQazioozaig noXXa im d^ia^cov yyovzo 
xcu vTto&yicov. 

1 CAP VIII. 

1. Kal jjdr] ze r\v dficpi ayooav nXrfoovcav y.a\ tzXijgiov 11 rp 6 
Gza&fibg 'iv&a e{ieXXs 12 xazaXvosiv, Tjviya TIazayvag avrjo IlEQGrjg 13 
zcov dfiqil Kvqov niGzcov TtQocpaivEzai iXavvcov ava xQazog 18qovV' 
ti zcp Inncp' y.a\ sv&vg naGiv oig ivEzvy^avsv ifioa y.al fiaQfiaQi- 



* l What kind of adj. ? — 2 Composition ? — 3 § 157. 4. — 4 Synt. ? 
— 5 §222. 2. — 6 § 201. — 7 § 191. 3. — 8 Th. ? How formed? 
(134. 1.) ? — 9 §§ 221 : 180. 2. — 10 How is y.d&^iat, formed from Ka- 
ra and foai 7 — M 121. (3) ? — 12 § 219. N. 1. — 13 § 136. R. 



LIB. I. CAP. VIII. 27 

kw? 1 xal 'EXXijvixoog, ozi fiaciXsvg avv 6ZQazEv\xazi noXXcp noogto- 
yszai cog Eig {id%t]v 7Ta.Qe(jx8va(j[j.£vog. 2 2.'Ep&a drjnoXvg zdqa^og 
iyevero ' avzixa yaq sdoxovv ol "EXXijvsg xal ndvtsg ds dtdxzotg 
Gtyiaiv smnsastcd'ai. 3. Kal Kvqog ts xazanrfttjaag anb tov dq^uatog 
tov ftmqaxa ivt'dv, xal dvaftig im tov Innov ta naXza rig zdgysiqag 
shafts, zoig is dXXoig nam naqy\yysXXsv z HgoTiXt&a&ai 4 xal xa-&icza- 
c&ai slg ir\v savzov zd%iv sxaazov. 4. "Ev&a dt] ovv noXXy onovdri xa- 
Siazavzo, KXsaq^og {isv ta ds^id tov xsqatog 5 sycov nqbg t^> Evqtqd- 
rr} 7T0Ta[A<x>, Uqo^svog ds iyofxsvog ' ol $ dXXoi \ista zovzov. Msvoov 
ds xai zo ozqdzsvfia zo evc6vv[a.ov xsqag says tov 'EXXtjvixov. 6 5. Tov 
ds fiaqfiaqixov Innsig fisv TlacfXayovsg slg %iXiovg nana KXsaqy^ov 
EGtrjaav sv zop ds^iop, xal to 'EXXtjvixbv nsXzaazixov' iv ds z<# 
tvmvvfACjj 'Aqiaiog zs 6 Kvqov vnaqyog xa\ to alio ftaqftaqixov. 
6. Kvqog ds xal Innsig \isz avzov oaov s^axoaioi conXia^svoi 
&(6qa<;i 7 [isv avzol xal 7Zaqa[ii]qidioig xal xqdvsai 8 ndvtsg nX\v 
Kvqov. Kvqog ds \piXijv sjojv zijv xsyaXtjv slg zi]v \idyr[v xa&iaza- 
to. \Asyszai ds xal tovg dXXovg Ilsqaag \piXaXg taig xscpaXaXg 9 
sv zep TToXtfxoi diaxivdvvsvsivJ]7. Ol d' Innoi dnavzsg ol \iszd Kvqov 
slyov xal nqofxszojTTidia 10 xcu Ttqoazsqvidia slyjov ds xal ^ayaiqag 
ol InnsXg 'EXXynxag. 

8. Kai rjdrj ts r\v fxsaov ijfiiqag^ 1 xal ovttco xazaq>avsXg 12 ijcav 
ol noXt'fuoi' i]vixa ds dslXt] iylyvszo, sepdvt] xovioqzbg* wgnsq 
vsqjsXrjXsvxj], yqovcp 9 ds[ov]6vyvcp vazsqov wgrtsq {isXavia tig sv zaj 
nsdlm sni noXv. ' Ozs ds iyyvisqov iyi'yvovzo, zdya dt] xal y^aXxog 
tig tfazqanzE, 13 xal al Xoyyai xal al zd'E.sig xazacpavsXg sylyvov- 
to. 9. Kal Tj<jav irtirsTg 1 * fisv Xsvxodwqaxsg 15 im tov svoavvpov 
tcoj> TtoXsfiicov * Ti6aaqisQvt]g sXiysto tovtcov u.qieiv ' syojtsvoi ds 
tovtcov ysQQoqiOQOi' iyousvoi ds bnXTtai cvv nodosal ^vXlvaig^ 
daniGLv* 17 Alyvntioi ds ovtoi iXsyovzo slvai' dXXoi tf Innsig dXXoi 



1 § 119. 1. — 2 Account for a in the antepen. (§ 10. 1. )— 3 Why the 
imperf. ?— 4 Th. ? — 5 §§ 42. N. 3 : 177. 2.— 6 § 131. I. — 7 Nom. how 
formed ?— 8 § 39. 1.— 9 Synt. ?— 10 § 127. N. 3. — n § 177.2.— 12 Root 1 
— 13 What does this imperf. denote ?— H § 44. — 15 Composition ? — 
— I6 6 131. 2.— 17 How formed ] 



28 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

io%6tau Tldvisg ds ovtoi xatd s&vq iv nXaiGiop nXrjQEi dv&Qconmv 
exclgiov to i&vog inoQEvsto. 10. IJqo d* avtcov aQfxara dia- 
Xsinovta Gvpbv an dXXr\Xcov id dQsnav?]CfOQa l xaXovfisva' 2 s\ov 
ds id dysnava Bit tcov d<~6vtov slg nXdyiov dnoisia\iEva xal inb 
toTg dicpQOig ugyrjv pXt'novra, cog diaxontstv 3 otco ivivy%dvoisv 'H 
ds yvco^ riv cog sig tag td^sig tcov 'EXhjvcov iXcovioov 4 xal diaxo- 
xpovtcov. 11. °0 fiivtoi KvQog slnsv ots xaXscag naQEXEXsvEio 
toig "EXXr t Gi irjv XQavyijv tcov fiaqfidqcov dviysGdai, 5 ixpEVG^rj tov- 
io * 6 ov ydo XQavyrj dXXd Gtyrj cog dvvGibv xal fjGvjffi iv iGcp xal 
ppadicog nQogr^Gav. 12. Kal iv tovtcp Kvgog naQsXavvcov avtbg 
gvv iHyo^n tcp s EQfirjTEi xal dXXoig iqigIv rj isitaqGi rep KXeclq'/co 
ifioa dyEiv to GiQcitsifia xatd \iegov to tcov noXsfAicov 9 oil ixet 
fiaGiXsvg si?] ,i0 Kav l[ tovzo, tcprj, tixco/aev, ndv-& [2 r^Xv nEnoirfiai}* 
13. f Oocov ds 6 KXiaqyog to {aegov Gticpog xal dxovcov Kvqov 1 * 
£'%co ovta 15 tov e EXX?jny.ov evmvvfiov fictGiXia ' iogoviov 9 yuo nXrftsi 
7t£Qu\v fiaGiXsvg cogts [iegov to savtov sycov 16 tov Kvqov evcovv- 
[a,ov 'i^co r t v ' ciXX ofjicog 6 KXiaoyog ovx ijOeXev dnoGnaGai dnb tov 
TTOtctfiov to dshbv xsgag, cfofioifAEvog piq lZ xvxXcodslrj sxaiEQco&Ev ,1S 
icp ds KvQcp ansxQivato on avtcp fxiXoi oncog xaXcog iyoi. v9 

14. Kal iv tovtcp tea xaiQcp ib psv fiaofiaoixbv Gtodtsvyia 
ofiaXcognoorjEi' 20 to tf 'EXXrjvmbvhi ivtcp avtcp pt'vov GWEtdttEto 
ix tcov hi noogiovtcov. Kal 6 Kioog naQsXavvcov ov ndvv nqbg 
avtcp top GtQatEVfiati xaiE&sdto sxaisQcoGS dno$Xincov slg is 
tovg noXsfiiovg xai tovg cptXovg. 15. 3 I8cov ds avtbv dnb tov 
'EXXyvixov AEvocpcov 'A-d-yvuTog, vnsXaGag cog Gwavtrfiai ?jqsio 
si ti nagayyiXXoi ' 6 d' iniGttjGag sins y.al Xiysiv ixiXsvs naGiv, 
on xal id isQa xai id GCfdyia xaXa. 21 16. Tavta ds Xs'ycov,&o- 
gvfiov 9 iixovge did tcov td^Ecov lovtog, xal r^sto tig 22 6 -dooifcg 



1 Th. ? — 2 What is the gram, and log. subj. of this proposition ? 

— 3 § 220. 1. — 4 § 222. 1. Why ^aroxyione and not pr open's pom. ? 
— 5 Subj. 1 — 6 § 167. — 7 § 124. 1.— 8 § 139. 3.— 9 Synt. 7— 10 Upon 
what verb does this oplat. depend (§ 216. 3.) ? — u What is this 
kind of contraction called ? — 12 Account for &. — IZ § 209. N. 6. 

— 14 § 179. 1 — 15 § 222. 2.— 16 § 222. 1.— 17 § 224. 5. — 18 § 121. 2. 

— 9 § 157. N, 8.(1).— 20 § 118. ^>N. l.(end).— 21 § 157. N. 10.— 22 §147. 



LIB. I. CAP. VIII. 29 

sirj. c ds Esvocycov slnsv ozi zb Gvvd-rifia naqsqyezai dsvrsqov 
ydy. Kal og l i&avfiaas zig naqayysXXsi xal iqqszo o zi sir} zb 
Gvvfr W a. '0 ds dnsxqivazo on ZETZ 2SIT11P KAI NIKH. 
17. c ds Kvqog axovaag, 'Alia dtyo[iai is, ecpij, xal zovzo sgzco. 
Tavra ds slncov slg ztjv savzov ycoqav dnrjXavvs ' xai ova eii zqia 
rj zszzaqa Gzddia 2 dmyiz7\v zco cpdXayys an dXXrjXoov, fjvixa inai- 
dvi±6v ze oi "EXX^vsg xal lqqyovzo dvzioi isvai 3 zoig noXsfiioig. 18. 
' Qg ds TTOQEvof.isvcov* i^sxvfxatvs zi zrjg q)dXayyog, zo sniXsmofisvov 
ijq^azo dqofio/ &siv ' xal dixa iy&sy^avzo 6 ndvzsg olov nsq zcg 
'EvvaXico iXsXl'QovGi, xal ndvzsg ds s&eov. AeyovGi ds zivsg ag 
xal zoig aGmGi nqbg zk doqaza idovnr]Gav cpofiov noiovvzeg zoTg 
mnoig. 19. TJqlv ds zo^svfia i^ty.vsiG&ai 7 sxxXivovgiv ol §dq@aqoi 
xal qisvyovGi. Kal ivzav&a drj idicoxov ftsv xazk xqdzog 
ol "EXXrjvsg, sflocov ds dXXrfXoig fir] &siv dqofxcp, dX)! iv zd%si 
snsG&ai. 20. Td ds aqycaza iqisqszo zk fxsv 8 di avzcov zcov no- 
Xsfiicav, zk ds xal dik zojv 'EXXyvcov, xsvk rjvioyoov. 9 01 ds, 
insl nqotdoisv, du.Gzavzo ' BGzi d* ogzig [0 xal xazsXrjcp&rj cognsq iv 
innodq6[i(p ixnXaysig} 1 xal ovdsv (xsvzol ovds zovzov na&siv scpa- 
cav, 12 ovds dXXog ds zav 'EXXrjvcov iv zavzy zjj fidyri sna&ev ovdsig 
ovdsv 13 , nX\v inl zqt svcovvficp zo^sv&fjvai zig iXsysto. 

21. Kvqog ds oqcov Tovg e/ EXX?]vag vixcovz ag li zo xatf avzovg 
xal diaixovzag, rjdopsvog xal nqogxvvovpsvog rjd?i cog fiaGiXsvg vnb 
zcov dfirp avzbv, ovd' cog i^rjX&rj dicoxsiv' dXXaGWSGnsiqa\isvriv 
sycov zj]v zcov gw savzcp s^axoGicov innicov zd^iv insfJisXsTzo, b re 
noir\GSt fiaGiXsvg. Kal yko %dei avzbv bzi \isgov sypi zov IIspgmov 
Gzqazsv\iazog. 22. Kal ndvzsg ds ol zcov fiagfidqcov dqyovzsg 
(isgov syovzsg zb avzcZv 2 rjyovvzo, vofii^ovzsg ovzco xal iv dG(pa- 
XsGzdzco 15 eivai,, t\v t] fj iGyyg avzcov S'Aazsqco&sv, v.al s'lzi naqayysiXai 
yqr>£oisv, fyiGEi 16 dv yqovcp aiG&dvsG&at zb Gzqdzsv/xa. 23. Kal 



1 § 152. (Form, y.ai o?). — 2 Synt. ? — 3 § 219. 1. — 4 What does 
this gen. abs. denote ? — 5 § 198. — 6 Root ? Tense how formed 1 
7 § 220. 2. — 8 § 142. {Att. Dial.)— 9 § 181. I.— 10 § 150. 5 — ^ Why 
nXay in this tense, and TtX^aa in the pres. 1 — 12 Why subj. not ex- 
pressed ? — 13 § 225. 1. — " What is this part. = to % — 15 § 57. 4. 
— i6 Decline. 

3* 



30 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

paGilsvg dq tore, \isgov k'xcov trjg iavtov Gtqatidg ofJKog e^od lyivsto 
tov Kvqov svoovvfiov xsqatog. ' Ensl ds ovdslg avtqj EfidyEto ex 
tov ivavtiov ovds toig avtov tstayfxsvoig E{inqoG&£v, insxapntsv 
oog sig xvxIwgiv. 24. J/ Evda dtj Kvqog dsiGag 1 fit] omo-devyevope- 
vog xataxoxptj to 'Ellr^ixbv ilavvsi dvtiog' xal iftftaloov gvv 
toig s^axoGioig vixa tovg nqb (laoilt'cog tstay^iivovg xal Eig opvyrjv 
stqsips zovg s<zaxig%diovg ' xal dnoxzsivai Ityszai avzbg zy savzov 
%siqi 'AqzaysqGTjv tov dq^ovta avtoov. 

25. ( fig ds r\ tqon)] lyivsto diaGnslqovtai xal ol Kvqov 
e^axoGioi etg to dicoxsiv oqfxrJGavtsg ' nki]v ndvv oXiyoi dpy av- 
tbv xatsXEicp&tjGav, 2 G%sdbv ol bpoTqans^oi xalovfisvoi. 3 26. £vv 
tovtoig ds cov xa&oqa paotlsa xal to afiq? ixsivov GtTqog ' xal 
ev&vg ovx r\vsGiEto^ dlX sinwv, Tov dvdqa oqw, 1'sto 5 in avtbv 
xal TtaiEb 6 xata to Gzsqvov xal zizqcogxei did tov ftcoqaxog, cog 
q)7]al' Kzijalag 6 latqbg xal laodai avzbg zb tqav^d cpr^Gi. 
21. Tlaiovza d' avtbv dxovtiC,Ei tig naltq) vnb tbv ocp&al- 
[aov fiiaicog ' xal ivtav&a \iayo\isvoi xal fiaciXsvg xal Kvqog xal ol 
apep avzovgvnsQ ixazs'Qov, otzogoi ftsvzwv a(.i<pl fiaaiXia dns&vrjGxov 
KtrjGiag Xsysi ' naq ixsivcp yaq r^v. Kvqog ds avtog ts ans&ave 
xal oxtoo ol dqiGtoi tav nsql avtbv sxeivto in avtcp. 28. Aqza- 
ndzi]g ds 6 niGtozatog avtco tcov Gxrjntovyoov &sqdncov Xsystai, 
inEidrj nsntcoxota 8 slds Kvqov, xatanydrJGag dnb tov Innov ne- 
QinsaEiv 9 avtcp. 29. Kal ol \iiv qaai ftaGiXsa xelsvaai tiva 10 
iniGcpd^at avtbv Kvqcp • ol ds, iavtbv iniGcpd^ai, GnaGafisvov tbv 
dxivdxjjv ' slys yaq yqvGOvv, xal Gtqsntbv ds iqioqEi xal -[psXXia, 
xai ta dXXa oognsq ol dqiGtoi tcov IJsqGCQV ' itEtifirjto yaq vnb 
Kvqov di svvoidv ts xal niGZOzqza. 11 

1 Tense how formed ? — 2 Root ? Account for <p in the antepen. 
— 3 § 140. 3. — 4 § 82. N. 3. — 5 Why mid. voice 1 — 6 § 209. N. 1 
— 7 Why is (prjoC here accented ? — 8 Account for jttw in the root of the 
perf. and nm in that of the present. — 9 § 96. 15. — 10 § 14S. 2.— 
— ll §§128. N. 2: 35. N. 2.(1). 



LIB. I. CAP. IX. 31 



CAP. IX. 
1. KvQOg fJllv 0VV OVTCOg BrEXEVTJ]GEV, dvrjQ cov TIeqgcov ZCOV 

fieta Kvqov rov dgyaiov ysvope'vcov §aGiXixc6raz6g re xal aqyeiv 
d^icozazog, cog Ttaqd ndvrcov opoXoysizai rcov Kvqov boxovvrcov 
iv tzsiqk yeveadcu. 2. TIqcotov [xev yap en naig cov ore enaidev- 
sro 1 xal gvv rep adsXepep xal gvv roig dXXoig nctim* ndvrcov ndv- 
rcc xodriGzog 3 ivofii^ero. 3. Ildvzeg ydo ol rcov doiGrcov TIeqgcov 
naidsg inl rcug fiaGiXecog fivQaig naidsvovrai ' ev&a noXXr\v fisv 
GcocfQOGvvtjv xarafidOoi dv tig, aiGypov d' ovdev 4 ovre axovGai ovr 
ideiv sgti. 4. Qecovrai 5' ol naidsg xal rovg ri(xconEvovg vnb @a- 
GiXecog xal dxovovGi, xal dXXovg dripa^ofisvovg . 5 eagre ev&vg 
maideg ovreg fiav&dvovGiv doyew re xal doyjeG&ca. 5. "Ev&a 
KvQog alor^oveGrarog 6 psv nQcorov rcov rjXixicozcov idoxei elvai, roig 
re 7TQEG@vreQOig 7 xal rcov eavrov VTtodeEGreQcov 8 iidXXov nzi&EG&ai * 
ETzeira dt cpiXinnorarog 9 xal roig Innoig dqiGra yQ?JG&ai. "Exqivov 
d' avrov xal rcov elg rov noXsfiov toy cov, ro^ix?jg re xal dxovriGecog, 10 
yiXofxa&EGzaruv elvai xal fieXerqoorarov. 11 6. 3 Enet 8e zrj 
yXixict 8 znQene, xal cpiXo&7]Qorarog 12 l\v xampog rd d'fiQia \i(vroi 
cpiXoxivftvvozarog. Kal doxrov izors l/zicfieQOfitvtjv ovx srQEGev, 
dXXd GVfineGcov xareGnaG&ri ano rov tnnov xalrd fiev sttad-ev, 13 
cov xal rag coreiXdg cpaveQag eiye, reXog li ds xarexave 15 xal rov 
7Tqcotov fievroi fioq&TJGavra noXXoig paxaQwrhv lnoi7]Gev. 

7. 'Enel ds xare7TSfiq)&7] vno rov narphg Garpdnr\g Avblag re 
xal 0gvyiag rr\g fieydXrjg xal KaTtnaboxiag, GtQarrjyog^ ds xal 
ndvrcov dnsoeiyd-tj olg xad-rjxEi elg KaGzcoXov nsdiov a&Qoi- 
'^EG&ai, nQcorov fxev etze8ei^ev avrov, on tteqi nXsiGrov 
noioiro, el rep G7iEiGairo iZ xal ei rep Gvv&oTro xal ei rep 
vnoGypiro ri, fjujbsv ipevdEG&ai. 8. Kal ydq ovv eniGrevov \isv 



1 Th. ?— " How formed I — 3 Compare.— 4 § 179. N. 1. — 
5 § 135. 4. — 6 § 132. 5.— 7 § 57. 2. — 8 Synt. ? — 9 Composition 7 
10 § 129. 3. — " § 131. 3. — 12 Composition. — 13 Root 7— " § 124. 
i. — 15 § 105. — " § 166. N. 1. 



32 EXPEDITIO CYR1. 

avzoo 1 at noXeig imzQETioyLsvai, iniozevov tf ol dvdQeg' y.al ti zig 
noXs^tiog iyivszo, aneiaafisvov Kvqov sniazsve fir t dsv av naoa rag 
67zov8ug na&siv. 9. ToiyaQovv tntl TiGoaytQiei lnoXs\ii]Ge, nd- 
gcu at noXsig sxovcai 2 Kvqov hXovzo 3 dvzl Tioouyt'ovovg nlrp? 
MthjGiwv ' ovzoi ds ozi ovy, rftsXe zovg q.svyovzag nqota&ai, icpo- 
(lovvzo 4 avzov. 10. Km yaQ sgyco snsdsiy.vvzo y.al D.eyev on ovtc 

aV 7Z0ZS 7TQ00LZ0, S71SI OLTiaS, Cft'Xog GLVTOig lysvszo, ovd 3 H SZl flSV 

fieiovg 5 ysvoivzo, szt ds y.al y.dy.iov Trod^eiav. 6 11. <I*avsobg tf \v xal ei 
rig zl dya&bv rj y.ay.bv Tzoujasiev 7 avzov 8 vtxav neiQoo^svog ' y.al evyqv 
ds ziveg avzov i^s'cpeQov cog evyoizo zogovzov yoovov £f t v sgze viy.ojrf 
y.ai zovg ev y.al zovg y.ay.ag noiovvzag dXe^ofievog. 12. Kal yag 
ovv nXeiGzoi drj avzop svi ye ardol zo3v scp rjfioov ineftviirfiav y.ai 
yqr^aza y.al noXsig y.al za savzcov Goopaza TTQOb'a&at. 

13. Ov fisv dq olds zovz av rig einoi cog zovg y.ay.ovoyovg 10 
/.al adixovg ei'a y.azaysXav, d)X dtyeidsGzaza ndvzoov irifiooosizo- 
TloXXdy.ig 11 d' i\v ideiv naoa zag Gzi^o^svag odovg y.al nodoov 1 y.at 
'(siqcov y.al oqs&aXpoov ozsoovps'vovg dv&QooTiovg ' maze iv t§ 
Kvqov doffi syevezo 12 y.aY'EXXrp>i xz y.al fiaoftdooo [xrjdsv ddixovvzi, 
<decog 7Z0Q8vs6-&ai onoi zig y&tXsv, iyovzi o zi TTQoyojQOii]. 14. 
Tovg ye fievzoi dyad'ovg elg 7ioXe\iov x - o\\ioX6yr\zo diaqeoovzcog 
nfiav. Kal 7IQC070V fisv r^v avzop noXs\xog nqog IleiGidag y.al MvGovg. 
£zoazEv6{4.£vog ovv y.al avzbg elg zavzag zdg yoogag ovg soooa 15 
ediXovzag y.irdvveveiv, zovzovg y.al doyovzag enoUi ^g xazsazoiyz- 
zo %coQag, 16 snsiza ds y.al dD.org dcoooig izffxa' 15. cogze (pafvs- 
c&ai zovg fisv dyadovg svdaifxovsaz dzovg , zovg 8s xaxohg dovXovg 
zovzoov dhovv thai. Toiyagovv no)X\ i\v dty&ovia avzop zwv i&e- 
7.OV700V yivdvvEvsjy, onov ztg oioizo Kvqov aiG&t'josG&ai. 

16. Eig ye prjv diy.aiOGvv^v ei ztg avzop (paveQog yivoizo ini- 
deinvvG&at @ovX6jj.evog, tzeqI navzbg Inomzo zovzovg TtXovGiooztQOvg 



1 Synt. ? — 2 § 53. N. 2. — 3 Root ? — 4 What does this imperf. 
denote ? — 5 Compare and decline (^ 59 : 58. 2). — s $ 87. N. 3. 
— 7 Dialect? — 8 § 165. 1. — 9 § 87. N. 2.— 10 Composition ? — 
ii § 120. — 12 Subj. ? — 13 § 196. 3.— 14 § 167, N. 3.— 15 § 80. N, 3.— 
is $151. 1.3. 



LIB. I. CAP. IX. 33 

noieiv zcov [ extov ddixov cpiXoxeodovvzcov. 2 17. Kal yaq ovv dX- 
Xa ze noXXd dixaicog avzqj dieyeiqi^ezo xal Gzqazevpazi 3 dXrj&ivcp 
iyqy'jGazo. Kal yaq Gzqazjjyol xal Xoyayol ov yqr\\idzcov evexcc 
nqbg ixewov enXevGav, dXX in el eyvcoGav xeqdaXecozeqov* eivai 
Kvqco xaXcog nei&aq%eip i] zb xazd pjjva xe'qdog. 5 18. 'AXXcc, 
\ir\v el zig ye zi avzqj nqogzd%avzi xaXcog vnqqez-rJGeiEv, 6 obdevl 7 
nconoze dydqiGzov e'laae 3 zijv nqo&vpiav. Toiyaqovv xqdziGzoi 
dh vnrjqezai navzbg eqyov Kvqcp iXe'y&tjGav yevea&ai. 19. El ds 
ziva bqoiq deivbv ovza olxovo\iov ex zov dixaiov 9 xal xazciGxevd^ov- 
zd ze t)g dqyoi ycoqag 10 xal nqogodovg noiovvza, ovde'va dv nconoze 
ayeiXezo, dXXd del nXeico 11 nqogedldov' cogze xal rfiecog inovovv 
xai ftaqoaXecog ixzcovzo, xal d [2 ine'nazo 13 av zig, iqxiGza Kvqov 
exqvnzev ov yaq cpOovcov zoig cpaveqcog nXovzovGiv li icpaivezo, 
dXXd neiqcopepog yqrjG&ai zolg zcov anoxqvnzopt'vcov yqijuaGi. 20. 
<DiXovg ye \i\v oGovg nou'jGaizo xal evvovg yvoi'rj ovzag 15 xal ixa- 
vovg xqiveie Gvveqyovg eivai o zi 16 zvy^dvoi @ovX6[ievog xazeqyd^e- 
G&ai, 6/ioXoyeizai nqbg ndvzcov xqdziGzog dtj yeveG&ai fieqaneveiv. 17 
21. Kal yaq avzb zovzo ovneq avzbg evexa qiiXcov 1 cpezo 8eiG&ai, 
cog Gvveqyovg eyoi, xal avzbg ineiqazo Gvveqybg zolg cfi'Xoig xqdzi- 
czog eivai zovzov ozov 18 exaGzov aiG&dvoizo im&vpovvza. 

22. Acoqa de nXeiGza \iev, oifiai, elg ye dvrjq cov iXdpftave did, 
noXXd ' zavza de ndvzcov dq paXiGza zolg cpiXotg diedidov, nqbg 
zovg zqonovg exaGzov Gxoncov xal ozov \id.XiGza bqcpq exaGzov deo- 
fievov. 23. Kal oGa zcp Gco\iazi avzov xoGfiov ne'finoi zig 7} cog 
elg noXeyiov ?/ cog elg xaXXconiGfibv, xal neql zovzcov Xeyeiv avzbv 
'itpetGav 19 bzi zb fuv eavzov Gcofjia ovx dv dvvaizo zovzoig naGi 20 
xoGuq&rjvai, cpiXovg de xaXcog xexoGfi?]^evovg fieyiGzov xog^lov 



1 Synt. ? — 2 Th. ? — 3 $ 198. N. 1. — 4 With what does this 
adj. agree ? Th. ? — 5 § 186. N. 5. — 6 Dialect ? — 7 § 197. N. 4. — 

8 What verbs form their augment by lengthening s into ev ? — 

9 § 124. N— 10 Why the gen. (§"151. 3. 2.) ?— li Compare and decline. 
— 12 §§ 165. 1 : 150. 5. — 13 "§ 118. 77. — 14 §§ 140. 3 : 196. 2. — 
15 § 222. 2. — 16 Antecedent ? — 17 Object of this verb ?— 18 § 182. — 
19 Why is the subj. not expressed ? — 20 Dat. plur. how formed ( § 
39. 1.) 1 



34 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

avdqt vopi^oi. 24. Kal zo psv zd psydla vixav zovg cpllovg ev 
noiovvza ovdtv ftavpaozbv, ' ineidtj ys xal dvvazcozsqog rp ' zo ds 
zy smpelsia mgumeu zmv cpilmv xcu zq> nqodvpsiodai* x&Q&o&ou, 
zavza spoiys pallor 3 doxsi ayaozd ehcu. 25. Kvqog ydq suspm 
fitxovg oi'vov jj{M&mg nolldxig, bnozs ndvv ijdvv lafioi* liyow on 
ovizco <5// nollov yqovov 5 zovzov rfiiovi o'ivop etiizijoi' zovzov ovv 
Got susp^E xai dslzai gov ziipsqov zovzov Ixmsiv ovv olg pdlioza 
tyilug. 26. Tlollaxig ds '/Jjvag fjpifiqcozovg EnspnE xal dqzojv 
ypiGEa xai alia zoiavza, imliysiv xeIevcov zov cpiqovza ' Tovzoig 
?]G&r i Ki<Qog ' fiovlszai ovv xal os zovzaiv 6 yevaao&ou. 27. 
Onov ds %iVog ondviog ndvv Eiv n avzbg d' idvvazo naqaoxEvdoa- 
G&ai dia zo nollovg sysiv 7 vnijqizag xal did z\v impileiav, dta- 
nspnwv exeIeve zovg cpilovg zoig za savzcov Goapaza dyovGiv 
innoig sp^allsiv zovzov zov yO.ov, wg pij nsivwvzsg zovg savzov 
cpilovg uyoJGiv. 28. El ds d/j tzoze tzoqevoizo xal ttIeigzoi pillow* 
oipea&ai, nqogxalmv zovg cpilovg ZGnovdaioloyuzo, 9 ag d?]loit] i0 
ovg zipa ' cogrs sycoys, e| gov dxovco, ovdiva xqi'vco vtzo 7zIeiovcov 
ftsfyitijddm 11 ovzs 'Elh\v(xiv ovze fiaqfidqav. 29. Tsxpriqiov ds 
zovzov y.ai zods ' naqa psv Kvqov dovlov ovzog ovdslg a7ZijEt nqbg 
fiaailkaJ ttIijv Oqovzag £7T£yEi'qt]GE' n xal oizog dlj ov aszo uigzov 
ol slvai, zayv avzov 12 evqe Kvq<x> qulaizEQov rj savza}' Tzaqa ds 
fiaGilicog nollol nqbg Kvqov a7fijl&ov, ineidtj nolipioi allijloig 
iyivovzo, xal ovzot pivzoi ol pdliGza vn 'avzov dyaTzcoperoi, vopi- 
t,ovzsg napd Kvgcp ovzsg aya&ol dl;icozipag dv 7(p7 t g [3 zvyydvsiv t] 
naqa fiaoilti. 30. Miya ds zsxprjpiov xal zo ev zy zeIevzi] zov 
fitov avzqj ysvopsvov, ozi xal avzbg i\v dya&bg, xal xqiveiv op-dcog 
idvvazo zovg niGtovg xal svvovg xal ftspaiovg. 31. '^Inoftvrfixov- 
zog yap avzov 14 Tzdvzsg ol naq avzov (pilot xal cwzpans^oi 
dniftavov pa%6psvoi vttsq Kvqov nl\v 'Aqiaiov ' ovzog ds zsza- 



1 § 160. N. 1. — 2 §§ 221 : 198. — 3 § 125. N. 3. — 4 § 216. 1. 
— 5 § 191. 2. — 6 § 179. 1. — 7 Synt. 7 — 8 § 219. N. 1. — 
9 Th. ?— 10 Subj.'!— n Account for v in the pen. — 12 § 144. N. 1.— 
13 § 178. 2. — 14 What does this gen. abs. denote ? 



LIB. I. CAP. X. 35 

yfisvog izvyyavsv 1 ini rw svcovvimo zov Inmxov dq'/cov ' cog 8* %g&eto 
Kvqov Tzsnzcoxoza 2 scfvysv, s%cov xal zb Gzqdzsvpa ndv ov Tjysizo. 



CAP. X. 

1. 'Evzav&a dt] Kvqov a7torsfivstai i) xscfalt] xal yelq r t 8s^id. 
BaGilsvg 8s xai ol gvv avzo) 8icoxcov eigmnxsi elg zb Kvqeiov 
GiQaionsfiov ' xal ol t uev \isza "Aqiaiov ovxszi 'iGzavzai, alia 
(fEiyovGi 8id zov avzcov GzqazoTit8ov elg zbv Gza&nbv sv-&ev coq- 
fir t vzo ' zszzaosg 8s llsyovzo TZdQaadyyai thai zl\g b8ov. 2. BciGi- 
levg 8s xal oi Gvv avzco zd is alia nolld Siaqna^ovGi, xal zr { v 
tpcoxaida 3 zqv Kvqov nallay.tda zrjv Goqrjv y.al xalr t v 7.efofisvijv eh at 
lau^dvei. 3. 'H ds MilrjGia ?) vecoztqa Iqcp&stGa 4 vnbzcov d[xql 
fiaailta, sy.qsvyei yvpvlj nqbg zcov 'Ell^vcov ol izvyov iv zolg gxevo- 
qo'ooig onla tyovzsg, xai dvztzaydtvzeg Tzollovg fisv zcov dqnaQov- 
zcov dnexzsivav, ol ds xal avzcov dns&avov ' ov /atjv ecfvyov ys, 
alia xal zavz? t v sccoGav xal alia brzooa evxbg avzcov xal yqf t fiaza 
xal avftqconoi eysvovzo ndvza sacocav. ^.'Evzav&a disoyov dllijlcoi 6 
fiaoilevg ze xal ol 'EV.qvsg cog zqidxovza azddia, ol [xsv 8icoxovzeg 
zovg xatf avzovg, cog ndvzag vixcovzeg' ol 8s aqndXovzeg cog rfi]] 
ndvzsg vixcovzeg. 5. ' Enel 8s rfi&ovzo ol fisv"Elh]veg on fiaailevg 
gvv 701 Gzoazev^azi iv zolg cy.evocpoqoig eu], paGilebg 5' av r t xov6s 
Tiaaacfsovovg ozi ol "Ell^veg vikcpsv zb xa.dr avzovg xal elg zb 
TtqoG&ev ov/ovzai 8ic6xovzeg, 7 ivzav&a 8?j paGilevg fisv ddqoi^ei 
zszovg savzov, xal Gvvzdzzezai ' 6 8s Kltaqyog efiovlsvezo Tlqoieiov 
xalsaag, nlrfiiaiTazog* ydq r t v, st nennoisv zivag rj ndvzsg loiev 
87zl zb Gzqazo7zs8ov dqr^ovzeg. 9 

6. 'Ev zovzcp xal fiaGilevg 8r { log r,v nqogicbv ndliv cog i8oxsi oni- 
G&ev. Kal ol \isv" Ellr^sg GVGzqacpe'vzsg 7iaoaGxsvdt,ovzo cogzavzr] 
nqogiovzog xal 8s%b\isvoi ' b 8s §a.Gu.svg zavzy fisv ovx rf/sv, ?/ 8s 



1 How is rvy/dm used with the part. ? — 2 $ 222. 2. — 3 § 127. 3. 
— 4 § 118. A. — 5 Synt. ? — 6 § 180. 1. — 7 § 222. N. 2. — 8 § 121. 
1. (3.)— 9 § 222. 5. 



36 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

<vuq~iX&ev s£co zov svcovvfiov xsgatog, tavtrj y.al dm-yayev, dvaXa- 
ficbv xai zovg Iv zrj f^d'/ij xaza zovg EXXqvag avzo\ioXi)Gavzag xai 
TiGGacptQVTjv xai zovg gvv avzcp. 7. f ydg TiGGaqsQvqg iv zr\ 
TTQCozri Gvvodcp ovx scfvysv, dXXd ditjXaGS nana zbv noza\ibv xazk 
rovg "EXXtjvag nsXzaGzdg ' disXavvoov ds xazsxavs filv ovdsva, dia- 
czdvzsg ds ol EXXtjvsg snaiov xai ijxovziLov 1 avzovg ' 'Emod~£vr t g 
ds *A\iq){noX'nr i g' 2, i\qys tcov nsXtaGtcov xai sXsysto yoortfiog ys- 
vsG&ai. 8/0 8 olv TiGGacfSQvqg cog psior s'/cov dnr^XXdyri^TidXiiV fisv 
ovx dvaGtos'tpsi, tig ds to Gzoazonsdov dquxopEvog zb zcov EXX^tcov 
ixsi Gvvzvy^dvsi fiaaiXei, xa\ bpov drj ndXiv Gvvza^dfiEvoi etioqevov- 
zo. 9. 'Enti cf r t aav yard to svcovvpov zcov'EXXi^vcov xsqag, sdsiGav 3 
ol "EXXrjvsg fit] nqogdyoisv nqbg to xt'oag xai 7iEQinz\\avzEg ducpo- 
rs'oco&sv avzovg xazaxoxpsiav ' xai idoxsi* avzoTg dvanzvGGEiv zb 
xs'oag, xai aoirjoac&ou ottig'&ev tbv nota\iov. 10. 'Ev a) ds tavta 
ifiovXsvovto xai dq fiaGiXshg 7zaQap£i\pd{*svog sig to avtb G*fj\\ia 
xatEGtijGEv ivavtiav tr t v cfdXayya cognso to tiqcqzov fiuyovptrog 
Gvvr^si. ' S2g ds tidov ol EXXipsg iyyvg ts ovzag xai naqazEzayiii- 
vovg, av&ig naiaviGavzsg £7i( t £Gav ttoXv hi nooBviioztoov ?} to 
tiqog-O'Sv. 11. Ol d' av fidofiapoi ovx idfyovto, dXX' ix nXtorog 
t\ to tiqogSev sqevyov ' ol $ msdlcoyov ^E"/qi xcopqg 6 tivog. 12. 
*Evtai>&a ds tGzi]Gav ol "EXXr^sg • imlo ydq zl\g xcofiijg ytf.oyog i t v, 
kp oh dvsGtQacfiiGav ol d[Ayr paGiXs'a, nttol fjth ova hi, tcov ds 
i7i7itcx)v 6 X6(fog irsnXijG&ri, cogte to noiov^isvov fjirj yiyvcoGxsiv. 
Kai to fiaGi'Xtiov Gi^alov boav scfctGav, dstov tiva yovgovv etzi 
7isXtr { g dvazszaiihvov. 

13. 'EttsI ds xcu svtav-&a iywoovv 1 ol "EXXr i rsg i Xsmovgi dq xa\ 
zov Xocfov ol Inntlg ' ov iisvtoi hi d&gooi, dXX dXXoi uXXodsv ' 
ixpiXovzo d' 6 Xocfog zcZv Innitov ' zsXog ds y.al ndvzsg dnt^toorfiav. 
14. c Oovv KXt'aoyog ovx dvs^f^atev inl zov Xocfov, akS vnb avzbv 
Gtrfiag to Gtqdtsv\ia ntfinsi Avxiov tbv Zvdcc/.ovgiov xal dXXov 
im tbv Xocpov, xcu xsXsvsi xatidovtag td vmo zov Xocfov ti sgziv 



1 Th. ? — 2 § 127. 3. — 3 Tense how formed 7 — 4 § 159. N. 1. — 

141. N. 1. — 6 6 226- 2. 



LIB. I. CAP. X. 37 

anayyEilai. 15. Kai 6 Avyiog JjXaff&ze xou idcov anayyi/lu ozi 
qevyovaiv dvd y.odzog. Zytobv fl' oze zavza ? t v xou tjfaog idiszo. 
16. 'Evzav&a fr E6zr t aav oV'Elhiveg xm &t[iEvoi za onla avETzav- 
ovzo ' y.ul d\ia ph i&avpa±ov ozi ovbauov Kioog yalvotzo, ovcf 
allog an avzov ovdt}g naouq* ov yao i-deouv avzov ZE&vrjxoza, 1 
aiX ef/.uLov ij dicoxovza or/ea&ai rj xazaXijipofiEvov 2 zi noothfLa- 
v.ivai ' 17. y.ai avzot e^ovIevovzo d avzov [Mi'vavzEg za cxevocpooa 
ivzav&a dyoivzo ?/ dnioiEv inl zb czoazontdov. "Edo^Ev ovv av- 
zoig dniivai ' xou aquxrovvzai apiq,l dooTz^azov Itz) zag Gx^vdg. 
18. Tavzrfi ftsy ovv zr t g ^iiEQag zovzo zb zt/.og iytvezo. Kaza- 
XaUjSdrovai 8s zcov zs du.cov yo^udzcov za nXsiaza 8ir t onaoy.Eva z 
Hat u zi oiziov rj nozbv rp> • xou zag d^d'iag psazug dlsvocov* xou 
oi'vov, ag naoEGy.Evdoazo Kvoog, Iva u nozs oyodod Xaftot sidsiu 
zb GzodzEvua, diadidoir] zoTg "Ell^aiv ' r t aav d' avzai, cog i)J- 
yovzo, zezQaxoaiai apci^cu, xou zavzag zozs ol avv ^aoi).si 
di/-Q7iaaav. 19. "Qgze adEinvoi f t aav ol n/.EiGzoi zcov 'E).h\vw 
rfiav ds xou dvdoicszoi ' nolv ydg 8q y,azali>Gai 5 zb GzqdzEvua 
Tzqbg ulqigzov, §aoilEvg Icfdvr^ Tavzr L v pev ovv zr t v vvxza ovzco 
diEyt'vovzo. 



1 What is this part. = to ? — 2 What does this part, express 
(§ 222. 5) ? — 3 What has become of £ in the root ? — 4 Synt. ? — 
5 § 220. 2. 



*38 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

SENO&QNT02 
KTPOT ANABA2E&2 B\ 



CAP. I. 

f Q2, [ilv ovv ij&QOia-drj Kvocp to 'EXX?]vixbv, Snore inl tov a8sX- 
(fbv AQTa^sQ^ijv iazQUTEVETO, xal baa iv t\\ avodcp moayftri xal cog 
rifidyrri iyivETo xal cog Kvqog izeXevTrjae xal cog inl to GTqatonebov 
ikdovTEg ol "EXXr\vsg ixoi{irj&t]Gav, olopsvoi ra itdvra vixav xal Kv- 
qov ^yv, iv Tcp t^TZQoa&ev Xoycp ded/jlcoTai. 2. "Apa 8s ttj fyiga gvv- 
sldovTEg ol GToaTrjyol iftavpa^ov oti Ki'Qog ovte dXXov Tiiycnoi 
Gijfiavovvzu b tl %qi] noiuvy ovt ambg cpalvoiro. "E8o%ev ovv 
avToig GvaxevccGUfiivoig a Eiyov xai i'S.onXiGafA.ivoig nqo'isvai elg 
to 7Tq6gOev, tcog Kvqoi Gvpjui^eiav. 3. "Hori ds iv 6q[a,ij ovtoov, ap 
fjXioi vLviGyovTi ijX&e UqoxXijgy 6 Tsv&gaviag uq%oov, ysyovcog anb 
/Juf-iaQOiTov tov Adxoovog, xal rXovg 6 Tapco. Ovtoi sXsyov oti 
Kvoog [aev TE&vrjxEV, 'AqiaTog ds nscfsvyoog iv t&) GTadpcp sir] [astcc 
tcov aXXcov fiaQ@(/.Qoov o&sv Ty nQOTEQCtia oogpoovTO ' xal Xiyoi OTI 

TCLVT1JV {IEV T1JV ?][A,£Qav TTEQIjlElVElEV dv CCVTOVg, El flfXXoiEV TJXEIV ' 

Ty 8s aXXq dmivai qiairj im 'Iooviag, o&evtieq tjX&s. 4. Taina 
axovGavreg ol GTQctTtjyol xcu ol dlXoi ^EXXrjvsg §aQsoog scpsoov. 
KXiaqiog 8s tcc8s eItiev ' 'AXX oocpsXs fisv Kvqog Jjjy * insl 8s te- 
teXevt?]xev, anayysXXsTE 'Agiaiqt oti rjpsTg ye vixco^ev fiaGiXsa xcu, 
oog oqclte, ov8s)g sti fjfuv fxa^ETai ' xal ei fxij vpsTg "iX&ete, ino- 
QEvofis&a dv im fictGiXt'a. 3 ' EnayysXXofXE&a 8s 'Agiaiop, iav iv&d8s 
eXfrfl, slg tov &qovov tov fiaGiXsiov xa&ielv avTov ' tcov ydq t\v 
[idx?iv vixcovtgov xal rb aQ%£iv iari 5. Tavr sinoov dnoGTsXXsi 
rovg dyyiXovg xal gvv amoXg Xeiqigo^ov tov Adxoova xat 
Mivcova rbv QsttoXov ' xal yaq avTog 6 Msvcov ifiovXsro ' 
%v yciQ cpiXog xal %svog 'Aqiaiov. 6. Ol ph op%orto, KXt'aQXO? 



LIB. II. CAP. I. 39 

ds tzeqie)ieve. To ds Gzqdzsvfia e7toqiXezo gizov oTTcog idvvazo 
ex zcov vnotyyioiv, xonzovzsg zovg ftovg xal ovovg ' <;vXotg 
d ej/rocovzo, (,uxobv TZQo'iovzsg dnb ztjg cpdXayyog ov ij pa^t] syt'vszo, 
zoig zs oiGzoTg noXXolg ovgiv, {ovg rjvdyxa^ov ol EXXijvsg ixfidX- 
Xeiv zovg avrofioXovvzag naod fiaGiXEcog,} y.ai zoig ysgooig 
nai zaig ^vXivaig damci zaig Aiyvuziaig ' noXXal de xa\ nsXzai 
nai afia^ai r.Gav cptQEG&ai eqi^ioi ' dig ndai yjqcoyisvoi xqt'a sxpovzsg 
fjadtov ixswrjv irjv ^usqav. 

7. Kal qdr] zs ijv tzeqI TikrftovGav dyoqdv kal soyovzai naoa 
fiaGiXtcog xal TiGGayzovovg xr.Qvxsg, ol psv allot fiaQpaqoi ' fjv ds 
avzcov (paXivog tig "EXXi]v, og izvyyavs naod Tiggci^qvei cov xai 
svziftcog sycov ' xal ydo nQogsnoiEizo iniGz/jfxcov sivai zcov dficfi 
zd^sig ze xal 07iXo t ua%iav. 8. Ovtoi ds nQogsXd-ovzsg xal xaXsGav- 
zsg zovg zcov 'EXXyrcov ao%ovzag XtyovGiv ozi {jaatXsvg xsXsvsi 
zovg^EXXijvag, insl vr/.cov zvyydvsi xal Kvoov dnsxzovE, naqadov- 
zag zd onXa lovzag inl rag ftacjiXtwg VvQag EVQiaxEG&ai dv zi 
dvvcovzca dya&6i\ 9. Tavza \isv sinov ol ^aaiXtwgxr^QvxEg' ol 
ds " EXXqvEg ftcwucog fisp tjxovoav, o/ucog ds KXtaqyog zogovzov eIttev 
on oh zap vixcopzcop sit] rd onXa naoadidnvai ' AXX\ sept], v^slg 
fisv, co dvdosg GZQazijyol, zovzoig dnoxqivaGds o zi xdXXiGzov zs 
y.ai dqiGzov e%eze ' iyco ds avzixa ?]'$co. 'ExdXsGE ydo zig avzbv 
zcov v7ir{QEZG)v, oncog Idoi za Iequ i^ygrj^sva ' Ezvys ydo -tJvopEvog. 
10. v Ev&a d)] dnsxqivazo KXsdvcoo pep 6 Aqxdg, TtQsgfivzazog cov, 
ozi ttqogO'ev dv dno&dvoiEv rj zd onXa naqadoTsv ' Uoo"S.Evog ds 
6 Ottfaiog, 'AXt tya, E(pij, o5 &aXTvs, -d-avptd^oj nozsqa cog 
y.oazdjv paGiXsvg alzsl zd onXa ij cog dia Cftliav dcooa. El (jlev 
ydo cog xqazcov, zi dsi avzbv aizsiv, y.ai ov XaBsTv ik&ovza ; 
ei ds TTEiGag flovXszai XafisTv, Xsys'zoi zi EGzai zoig Gzoazicozaig, idv 
avzo) zavza ^aqiGcovzai. 11. Hqbg zavzcc (fraXivog Bins' Baai- 
Xsbg vixdv Tjysizai, etzei Kvqov dnlxzovE. Tig yaq avzcp egziv 
ogzig zTqg aQyrjg dvzmoiEizai ; A r o^Ei ds xa\ vpdg savzov shai, s^cov 
iv fXEGrj zy savzov %t6oa xai noza\icov ivzbg ddiaftdzcov, xal 7zXtj- 
&og dv&Qco7icov icp vfiag dvvdfxsvog dyaysiv ocov ovU si naqsypi 
vuiv dvvaiG$ dv aiioxzsivai. 

12. Mszd zovzov OE07TO[i7Zog "A%r\vaXog eitie' 7 Q &a?uvs 9 



40 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

vvv cog gv bqag rjpiv ov8sv sozlv dya&bv alio sipr] onla xcuaQStq. 
"Onla psv ovv s%ovzsg oiops&a av aal zq aqszy %QiJG'&ai ' na- 
oa86vzsg d' av zavza xcu zoov ocofiazwv Gzsoijdqvai. Mr] ovv oiov 
za \iova dyad a, tj/aiv bvza v\iiv naqaScoGSiv' alia gvv zovzoig v.ai 
nsq\ zoZv vpszs'ooov dya&cov pa%ovfis&a. 13. AxovGag 8s zavza 
6 ftallvog syslacs xou slnsv ' 'Alia cpiloc6cpq> fisv soixag, w vsa- 
vioxs, xal Isysig ova dftdqiGza' lo&i fisvzoi avoqzog cov, si oisi 
av z\v v\isziqav aqsz\v nsqiysvsGftai z?jg fiaGiltwg dvvdpecog. 14. 
"AXkovg 8s zivag syaoav Isysiv vnopalaxi^ofjiEvovg cog xal Kvqcq 
mozol sysvovzo xa\ fiaGilsi y av nollov d^wi ysvoivzo, si fiovloizo 
epilog ysvsG&ai ' xa\ size alio zi ftsloi %Qijo&ai, s'lz in Aiyvnzov 
Gznazsvsiv, GvyaazaGZQtxpaivz av avzep. 15. 'Ev zovzcp Kls- 
ao%og r\HE xai riQooxrjGsv el rjdq dnoxsxQifisvoi slsv. ( Palivog 8* 

V7Z0la@0JV 817T8V ' OvZOl [A.8V, CO Kl8aQ%8, dllog dlla Is'ySl ' OV 8' TjfilV 

81718 zi Isysig. 16. * 8' slnsv ' 'Eyco gs, go (palivs, aofisvog 
scoqaxa, o7(iai ds xai ol allot ndvztg \ovzoi\ ' gv zs yaq "Ellrjv si 
xal fysig, zogovzoi ovzsg OGOvg gv bqag ' iv zoiovzoig ds ovzsg 
nodyfiaci Gv^ovlsv6(is^u goi zi /£>// noisiv nsql co> Isysig. 17. 
2lv ovv, nqbg &smv, gv^ovIsvgov r^lv b zi goi 8oxsT xdlliGzov v.a\ 
aoiozov slvat, y.a\ goi zi^v oigsi sig zbv tnsiza yjqovov avalsyo- 
(uvov, ozi &alivog nozs nspop&slg naqd fiaoilscog xsIsvgoov zovg 
Ellr\vag za onla naqa8ovvai Gv\L$ovlsvo\isvoig Gvvsfiovlsvcsv 
avzolg zdds. Oi-G&a 8s ozi avdyxq IsysG&ai iv z\\ 'Elld8i a av 
Gv^ovlsxiGxig. 18. ( 8s Klsao%og zavza inr^yszo, fiovlofisvog 
y.ou avzbv zbv naoa fiaGils'cog nosgfisvovza Gv^ovlsvcai (j,tj naqa- 
8ovvai za onla, bncog svt'lniSsg fiallov slsv ol "Ellijvsg. (paXT- 
vog 8' vnoGzosxpag naoa zt]v 86<;av avzov slnsv (68s. 

19. 3 Ey oj, ei fxtvzwv nvoionv slniSoov fiia zig vfxTv sgzi Gco&rjvai 
nols[iovvzag fiacilsi, Gv^ovlsvco py naqa8i8ovai za, onla ' si 8s 
zoi [M]8s[iia Gcoztjoiag sgzIv slmg axovzog fiaGilsmg, Gvpfiovlsvco 
GooXsG&ai v\uv bnt] Svvazov. 20. Klsao^og 8s nqbg zavza slnsv ' 
Alia zavza (isv 8rj gv Isysig ' nag fycov 8s dndyyslls zd8s, ozi 
rtfisig oions&a, si psv SsoifiaGilsTcpilovg slvat, nlsiovog av aS,ioi shai 
cpiloi s%ovzsg za onla rj naqa86vzsg alloy si 8s 8soi nolsf.t8iv f d\isivov 
av nols(A,sTv 'iypvzsg za onla ? allcp naqaSovzsg. 21/0 8s (PaXivog 



LIB. II. CAP. II. 41 

sine ' Tavza ph dq drzayyeXovfjisv ' dXXd xal zdds vfuv emsiv 
sxsXsvgev fiaGiXevg,ozi [ievovgi [isv vpiv avzov GTiovdal eitjGav, nqo'i- 
ovgi ds xal aniovai noXsuiog. Em ate ovv xal Ttsgl zovzov nbzsqa 
fitvttie xal Gnovdal eigiv rj <#g noXs'fiov bvzog naq vpav duayysXw. 
22. KleaQftog ft sXe^ev ' 'AndyysXXs zoivvv xal nsql zovzov ozi 
xal i]\iii' zay'zd doxsl dnsq xal ftaaiXel. Tl ovv zavz sgziv ; kept] 
6 (fralipog. 'Ansxqivazo KXt'aqxog ' *IIv [asv pe'vapev, GTiovdal ' 
umovGi ds xal ttqoiovgi nbXe\iog. 23. '0 ds ndXiv i)qcozfjG8' 
JsTzovdag tj n6Xs\iov dnayysXm ; KXsaqyog ds zavza naXiv ane- 
xqivazo' Znovdal {asv ^svovgiv, amovGi ds rj ttqoI'ovgi noXepog. O 

tl OS TtOirJGOl OV dl8G)][A.a.VE. 



C A P. 1 1. 

1. <DaXivog [tsv d"rj <$x 8T0 ^cu ol gvv avzep. 01 ds naqd 
*Alqiaiov tjxov, nqoxXijg xal XsiqiGoqiog ' Mevwv ds avzov Sfisve 
naqd Aqtalq> ' ovzoi d' sXsyov bzi noXXovg cpal?] 'A[qiaiog slvai 
TItQGag savzov fisXzlovg, ovg ovx av avaGysG$ai avzov fiaGiXevov- 
zog ' dXX el (}ovXeg&£ GvvanUvai, tjxsiv jjdtj xsXsvsi zr\g vvxzog ' si 
ds p/, avzbg tzqcoi dmsvai cpjjGiv. 2/ O ds KXsaqyog sinsv ' ' \AXX 
ovzw %Qi]7Zoieiv, idv psv lyxafisv, wgnsQ Xs'yezs' el ds p/, nqdzzsze 
OTTOiov av zi v\uv oirjG&e \iaXiGza Gv^sqsiv. 3. O zi ds noir]Goi 
ovds zovzoig ems. Mszd ds zavza, r'ldr] rjXiov dvvovzog, GvyxaXi- 
Gag zovg Gzqaztjyovg xal Xoyayovg tXs$e zoidds ' 'Epol, <x> dvbqsg, 
&vo[is'vcq Uvai ml ftumXea ovx sylyvszo zd Isqd. Kal slxozcog 
dqa ovx sylyvszo. ' Qg yug syca vvv Ttvvd^dvo^ai, Iv (asgoo rjpicov 
xal fiaGiXe'cog 6 Ti'yQqg noza\iog sgzi vavGinooog, ov ovx av dvval- 
lis&a avsv ttXoicov diaffivai' nXola d' r/fxsTg ovx s%opsv. Ov {lev 
dtj avzov ys fiiveiv olov ze ' zd yuo snizijdsia ovx sgziv s^siv ' Uvai 
ds Ttaqd zovg Kvqov yiXovg ndvv xaXd r\\iiv zd Isqd yv. 4. 'fide 
ovv ioq Tioitiv ' dniovzag dsmvsiv o zi rig e%ei ' snsiddv ds Gtj^vrj 
zep xsoazi cog dvanavsGdai, GVGxsvat,SG&s ' sneibav ds zb dsvze- 
qov, dvazi&EG&e inl zd vno'Qvyia ' snl ds zq> zqi'zcp sttsg&s z<# 
7]yovfJLEvcn, za fisv V7Zot,vyia syovzeg Ttobg zov Ttozapov, zd ds onXa 
e%(o. 5. Tavza dxovGavzsg ol Gzqazrjyol xal Xo%ayol dn^X- 



42 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

&ov xal Inoiovv ovzco' xal zb 7.oi7iov 6 pev riQ%EV, ol 5' etiei&ovzo, 
ov% slofAevoi, dXX bqcovzsg on \iovog icpqovsi ola dsT zbv dqyovza, 
ol ds dXXoi ctTTeiQoi ?]6av. 6. ' Aqi&fibg ds z"t\g bdov r/v ijX&ov i% 
^Ecptaov zr\g 'Icoviag fisyqizrig \idyr\g ara&fjiol zqslg xal ivvEvtjxov- 
za, Ttaqaadyyat tzevze xal zqidxovza xal nsvzaxoGioi, czddioi 
nsvzrixovza xal s^axigyiXwi xal [ivqioi ' anb ds zi\g pdpjg sXsyovzo 
elvai elg BafivXcova atddioi s^xovza xal zqiaxooioi. 

7. 'Evzev&ev dt], ItteI cxozog iysvszo, MiXzoxv&ijg fisv 6 Oqa'S, 
sycov zovg ze Inniag zovg [istf savzov eig zszzaqdxovza, xal zcov 
ns'Qcbv Qqaxcov cog zqiaxoatovg, rjvzopolrjGE nqbg fiaciXsa. 8. K)J- 
aQiog ds zoig dXXoig fjyeyza xaza za naqr^ysXiisva, ol d' tlnovzo ' 
xal dqxxvovvzai slg zbv nqcozov cza$\ibv naqa "jiqiaiov xai zijv 
exelvov azqaziav d\i<$l psaag vvxzag ' xal iv zd^si ftspEvoi za o- 
nXa 6vvt}1&ov ol azqazrjyol xal Xoyayol zcov 'EXXrjvcov Tiaoa 
'Aqiaiov ' xal co/xoaav oi ze "EXXrjvsg xal 6 'Aqialog xal zap avv 
avzcp ol xqdziazoi \ii]te ttqoSojgeiv dXXijXovg avfAfiayoi ze sasG&ai ' 
ol ds fidqftaqoi 7tQogcoiAoaav xal r)yr l 6E6'&ai ddoXcog. 9. Tavza tf 
co^iocav, Gcpd^avzsg zavqov aal Xvxov xal xdnqov nal xqibv slg 
danida, ^dnzovzEg ol \isv "EXXrjvsg %iqiog, ol 8s fiaqfiaqoi Xoyyrjv. 
10. "Ensl ds za niaza sysvszo, eItiev 6 KXsaqyog ' "Ays drj, do 
AqiaTs, ETTEiTTEQ 6 avzbg fair czoXog E6zl xal vfuv, sins zlva 
yvcoprjv sysig tzeqI zrjg noQEiag ' nozsqov ampsv rivnsq 7]X-&0[a,ev 
7] aXXrjv ziva EWEVorixEvai doxsig odbv xqeizzcq ; 11. 'Off eItiev' 
*Hv [tsv rjXdouEv dmovzEg ndvzsg av vnb Xifiov anoXoljiEda '• vndqyu 
yaq vvv t){a.iv ovdsv zgjv imzijdsi'wv. e E7zzaxaid£xaydq cza&ixcjv zwv 
iyyvzdzco ovds dsvqo lovzsg ix ztjg yaqag ovdsv EiyofXEV Xa^^dvEiv ' 
er&a(? slzi ?jv, r^iElg dianoqEvo^svoi xazEdanavr^afiEv. Nvv 8 imvo- 
ovfisv noqEVEodai [taxqozeqav psv, zcjv d' Emzrfisiajv ovx dnoqipo- 
\iev. 12. TLoqsvziov d' r/piv zovg jrqcozovg oza&povg wg av dvvco- 
[i£&a paxqozdzovg, iva cog tiXeigzov dnoonaGdcofAEv zov (laoiXixov 
crqazEvnazog ' rjv yaq ana's, dvo t) zqicov tjfisqcov bdov anocyto^iEVy 
ovx ezi fit) dvvr]zai fiaGiXsvg rjfidg xazaXa^slv. 3 OXiycp [xsv yaq 
czqazEVfiazi ov zoXfirjasi scpsTZEafiai ' tzoXvv ^ 'iycov gzoXov ov 
dvvrfiEzai zayscog noqEvsadai ' t'aojg ds xal zcov imzqdEicov cmavisi* 
Tavzqv, sept], z?)v yvco^v syco sycoye. 



LIB. II. CAP. II. 43 

13. 7 Hv §' avzij 7] Gzqaz?]yia ovdev dXXo dwapsv?] ij anodqavat 
rj dnocfvyslv ' rj ds zvyji iGzqazrjyyGE xdXXiov. 'EtzeI ydq rjfiiqa 
iysvszo, inoqsvovzo iv del-ia syovzsg zbv qXiov, Xoyt^opsvoi rfesiv 
d\ia rjXlcp dvvovzi Eig wnpag zrjg Ba^vXcoviag xcoqag. Kal zovzo 
[asv ovx ixpew&TjGav. 14. "Ezi ds apqil dsiXr^v sdo^av tzoXe(ai- 
ovg bqav irnisag ' y.al zcov zs 'EXXqvcov oi {iiy 8Zv%ov iv zaig zd^sGiv 
ovzsg Eig rag zd^sig e&eov, y,al 'Aqicdog, (izvy%avs ydq icp dpd^rjg 
TTOQEvojAEvog diozi izs'zqcozo,} xazafidg i&coqaxi&zo v.ai oi cvv 
avzcp. 15. 3 Ev cp ds chnX'iQovzo rjxov Xiyovzsg oi aqo7T£(iCp-&s'vzsg 
Gxonol on oi>% innsXg eigiv, aXXd vno'Qvyia vifxoizo. Kal svdig 
syrcoaav ndvzsg ozi iyyvg nov EGzqazonsdsvEzo ftaGiXsvg ' xai yaq 
xal yanvbg icpaivszo iv ycopaig ov nqoGco. 16. KXs'aq%og ds im 
fih zovg TioXsjuiovg ovx jjysv (ydsi ydq xal d7Z£iqijx6zag zovg 
czqazicozag xal dairovg ovzag ydrj ds xou dips r\v ') ov \isvzoi 
ovd' dnsxXivE, cpvXazzofisvog ft?] doxoirj cpEvysiv ' dXX Ev&vcoqov 
dycov apa rep ijXicp dvopivcp slg rag iyyvzdzcp xcopag zovg nqcozovg 

EJCOV XaZEGMrjvCOGEV, i<~ (OV dlt]Q7taGT0 V7Z0 ZOV fiaGlXlXOV GZqaZEV- 

\iazog xai avzd zd anb zcov oly.icov %vXa. 17. Oi plv ovv nqcozoi 
opcog zqoncp zivi iGzqazonsdsvGavzo, oi 5' vgzeqoi GxozaXoi nqog- 
wvzeg cog izvy%avov sxaGzoi rjvXi^ovzo, xul yqavyijv noXX\v inoiovv 
xaXovvzsg dXXrjXovg, cogzs xal zovg TtoXspiovg axoveiv' cogzs oi psv 
iyyvzaza zcov noXEfiicov xal sepvyov ix zcov Gxrjvcofjidzcov. 18. /Jt}~ 
Xov ds zovzo rri vGZEQaict iyivEzo ' ovze yaq vnot,vytov ezi ovdEV 
iydvtj oize GzqazoTiEbov ovze xanvhg ovda^ov tzXtjgiov. 'E^e- 
7iXdyrj ds, ag some, aal fiaGiXEvg zy icfodep zov GzqazEvpazog ' i§yj- 
Xcoge ds zovzo oig rj vGzsqat'a mqazzE. 19. Tlqo'iovGtjg \iivzoi 
zTJg vvxtbg zavzrjg y.a\ zoig "EXXtigi tpofiog ifiTZinzEi, xa\ &6qv@og 
y,a\ dovTtog r)v oiov Eixbg cpofiov i^inEGOvzog yiyvEG&ai. 20. KXs'aq- 
%og ds ToXpidrjv 'HXeTov, ov izvy^avsv fycov naq iavzcp xtfqvxci 
dgiGiov zcov zoze, zovzov dvEiTtsTv ixs'XsvGE Giyrjv xazay,7]qv%avza 
ozi nqoayoqhvovGiv oi aq%ovz£g, og dv zbv defivza zbv ovov elg za 
onXa {irjvvGrj, ozi Xjjxpszat {iiGxtov zdXavzov dqyvqiov. 21. 'EkeI 
ds zavza ixvqvi&tj, syvcoGav oi Gzqazicozai ozi xsvbg 6 cpofiog eitj 
y.u.1 oi aqiovzsg gcooi. "Apa ds oq&qcp naqiiyysilsv 6 KXs'aq%og sig 
%d%iv za onXa zi&zG&ai zovg "EXXqvag fpisq Eiyov ore fy rj puffi* 



44 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 



CAP. III. 



l.*Odsdt] syQctxpa ozi ftamlevg i<~87TXdy}] zij icpodcpj zcpds d^Xov 
r\v ' zrj [lev ydq tzqog&ev r^toa Tzefincov zd onXa naqadidovai 
exsXeve, zozs ds d\ia tjXiqt avazsXXovzi wqovxag E7Z£[i\pE tieqi gtiov- 
dav. 2. 01 d' ETzel ?]Xdov agog zovg ngotyvXaxag, i^rjzovv zovg 
ctQ%ovrag. ' Ens\ #' anr^ysikav ol noocpvlaxeg, KXsaQ%og zvyjtov 
tote rag zd^stg iniGxonwv sins zoig nqoqivXa^i xeXeveiv zovg 
MjQVKag TzeQifitveiv d%qig dv G^oXaGij. 3. 'EtteI ds aazsGz^GE to 
Gzqdzsv\ia eagre xaXwg sysiv bqaG&ai navziq cpdXayya Trvxvrjv, zav 
ds donXcov /nrjdtva nazayav?] slvai, sxdXsGE zovg dyys'Xovg xal ah- 
zog rs 7TQ0?]Xd-£ zovg ze svonXozdzovg s%cqv xcu EVEidsGzdzovg zap 
avzov GZQazimzcov, %a\ zoig dXXoig Gzqazrjyotg zavzd ecpqaGsv. 
4. 'EtzeI ds tjv nohg zoig dyyskoig, dvrjqcoza zi ftovXoivzo. 01 5* 
eXsyov ozi tteqI Gnovdwv r\y.oisv dvdqsg olzivsg Ixavol sGOvzat zd 
ze naqd fiaGiXsoog zoig "EXXr\Giv anayyETXai nal zd naqd zcov 'EX' 
Xijvwv ftaGiXsi. 5. ' ds ansy.qivazo ' 'jLnayyiXXszE zoivvv avzqj 
ozi \idyjig del tzqcqzov ' oiqigzov ydq ovx egziv ovds 6 zoXptJGcov 
izeql Grtovdcov Xiysiv zoig c 'EXXr\Gi [xrj noqiGag dqiGzov. 6. Tavza 
axovGavzsg ol dyysXoi a7i^Xavvov, xal rjxov za%v ' cp xal dtjXov l\v 
ozi iyyvg nov fiaGiXsvg r\v ?/ dXXog zig o> mszizaKZO zavza nqdz- 
zeiv ' sXsyov ds ozi Eixoza doxoisv Xs'ysiv fiaGiXeT, */.a\ tjxoiev ?)ys[AO- 
vag z%ovz£g ol avzovg, lav at Gnovdal ysvcovzai, d^ovGiv svdsv 
s^ovgi zd E7ziz7jdsia. 7. '0 d' rjqeoza si avzoig zoig dvdqaGt 
Gnivdoizo iovgi xal amovGiv, jj xal zoig dXXoig sgoivzo GnovdaL 
Ol ds, IldGiv, sqiaGav, fiEygig dv ftaGiXsT zd ttuq vpcov diayysX&^. 
8. 'Ensi ds zavza eJtzov, \iEzaGZ^Ga[iEvog avzovg 6 KXsaq^og 
I^ovXevezo ' xal sdoxsi zdg GTtovddg noieiG&ai zayy y.ai xatf 
rfivyiav iXftslv ze im zd amzt'deia xal Xafisiv. 9. '0 ds KXsag^og 
sins ' AoxsT fisv y.al ifiol zavza ' ov fisvzoi tayy ys anayysXcoy 
dXXd diazQixpco sgz'dv oxvijgwgiv ol dyysXoi firj dnodo^rj rjfxiv zdg 
cnovddg TioiiJGaG&ai' olfiai ys ytivzoi, ecpij, v,a\ zoig ?)[A.szEQ0ig 
Gzoazimzaig zbv avzov cpofiov 7iaQ£G£G&ai. 'Ensl ds idoxsi xaiobg 
ehat, dnriyysXXEv ozi Gnsvdoizo, xal ev&vg r^ysiGd'ai ixs'Xsvs nqog 
zd imzqdeia. 



LIB. II. CAP. III. 45 

10. Kal ol fisv rjyovvro, KXsaqyog fiivtoi inoqsvEto tag [i&v 
cnovddg TzoirjaouEvog, zb ds azqdzsvfia sycov iv td^si ' xai avzog 
ds coma&ocpvXdxEi. Kal ivszvyyavov zdcpqoig xal avXcoaiv vdazog 
nXrjqEGiv cog fir) dvvao&ai diafiaivsiv dvsv yscpvqcov ' dXX inoi- 
ovvzo diafidasig ex zcov cpoivixcov, ol i\6av sxnsnzcoxozsg, zovg ds 
xal i&xonzov. 11. Kal ivzav&a rjv KXs'aqyov xazafiadsiv cog 
insazdzEt, iv fxsv t\ dqidtsqa yEiqi ro ^^Q v ^l (XiV -> ^v ds tij ds^ui 
^axtrjotav ' xal s'i tig avzco doxolrj tcov nqbg tovto zszayfisvcov 
fiXaxsvsiv, ixXsyofisvog zov inizrjdsiov snaiasv av, xai afia avzog 
nqogsXdfipavsv sig zov nr t Xbv ififiaivcov' cogzs ndaiv alayvvr^v 
slvai fir) ov avGnovdaLsiv. 12. Kal izdy&rjcav fisv nqbg avzov ol 
tqidxovza sii] ysyovozsg' inside xal KXsaqyov scoqcov tmovddtovza, 
nqogsXdfifiavov xal ol nqso^vzsqoi. 13. TIoXv ds fiaXXov 6 KXsaq- 
yog sonsvdsv, vnonzsvcov fir) dsl ovzco nXriqsig slvai tag zdcpqovg 
vdazog' (ov yaq r)v coqa oia to nsdiov dqdsiv) dXX ha rfir] nol- 
le ta dnoqa nqocpaivoito toTg v EXX?]cnv slvai slg tr)v noqsiav, 
tovzov svsxa fiaails'a vnconzsvsv im zb nsdiov to vdcoq dcpEixsvai. 

14. Tloqsvofisvoi ds dqixovzo slg xcofiag, o&sv dnsdsi^av ol 
■rjysfxovsg Xafifidvsiv za imzffisia. 'Ev^v ds Gitog noXvg xal olvog 
cpoivixcov xal o^og s\pt]tbv dnb tcov avtcov. 15. Avzal ds al 
fidXavoi zcov cpoivixcov, olag fisv iv zoig "EXXrjciv iazw idsiv, toTg 
oixszaig dnsxsivzo ' al ds zotg dsanozaig anoxslfisvai rpav ano- 
Xsxzoiy -fravfidaiai zb xdXXog xal to fisys&og ' t\ ds bxpig ijXsxzqov 
ovdsv ditcpsqs ' zag ds tivsg hjqaivovzsg zqayrjfiaza dnsti&EGav. 
Kai t]v xal naqa notov rjdh fisv, xscpaXaXysg ds. 16. 'Evtav&a 
xai tov syxscpaXov tov cpoivixog nqcozov scpayov ol ozqazicozai, xal 
ol noXXoi sdavfiaaav zo ts sldog xal zr)v idibzr]za zijg r]dovr)g. J Hv 
Ss acfodqa xai zovzo xsyaXaXysg. 'O ds q)Oivi% o&ev s^aiqEd'sir] 6 
syxscpaXog oXog avalvszo. 

17. 'Evtavda tfisivav ?)fisqag tqsig' xal naqa fisydXov 
fiaatXs'cog rjxs Tiaaaqisqvrjg xal 6 trjg ftacilscog yvvaixbg ddsXcpbg 
xai dXXoi TJsqaai zqsTg' dovXoi ds noXXol slnovto. 'Enslds dnryv* 
tt]6av avtoTg ol tcov ' EXXrjvcov atqatr^yol, sXsys nqcotog Tiaca- 
cpsqvr]g dl sq^vt'cog toidds ' 

18. 'Eyco, co avdqsg "EXXqvsg, ysitcov olxco zr t 'EXXddi ' xal 
intt vfiag sldov slg nolXa xaxa xal dfir^ava s^nsntcoxotag, Evqr]fia 



46 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

iTioiriad^rjv el ncog dvvaiprjv naqd fiaGtlt'cog alz^GaG&ai dovvai 
fxoi dnoGcoGai vpag sig zrjv 'Elldda. Olpai ydo dv ovx dyaQiGzcog 
poi k%ew ovze Tzobg vfjiwv ovze nqbg zijg 'Ellddog andGr\g. 19. 
Tavza ds yvovg yzovfiqv fiaGilta, liycov avzcp ozi dixaicog dv fioi 
yaQiXoiro, ozi avzco Kvqov ze iniGZQazEvovza TTQcozog ijyEila xm 
@ot]$ttav 'iycov d[Aa zy dyytlia dcfix6f.i?]v ' xal \iovog zcov xazd 
zovg "Ellqvag zExay\,dvcov ovx scpvyov, alia dtrjlaaa xal Gvvifxi^a 
fiaailEt iv zco vfieztQcp GZQazonidco, kv&a fiaG&Evg dcpi'xEzo in el 
Kvqov dnixzEivE. Kal zovg %bv KvQop ftaoftdoovg idico^a gvv 
zoigde zoTg naQovGi vvv [iez ipoit, om£Q avzcp eigi niGzozazoi. 
20. Kal tteq) [aev zovtcov vnicyEzo fAOL ftovlivaaG&ai ' EQEG&ai ds 
fts vpdg bxeIevcev il&ovza zivog tvsxev iGZQazsvGaze in avzov. 
Kal gv^^ovIevco i'fiiv /nEZQi'cog dnoxQt'vaG&at, \va fioi EvnQCtxzoze- 
qov y idv zi dvvcoficu dyaOov vfxlv naQ avzov dianQa^aGxrai. 

21. IJQog zavza \iEzaGzdvzEg ol "EllrjvEg ipovlsvovzo ' xal 
dnEXQivavzo, KliaQyog 5' elsysv ' 'Hfisig ovze Gvvrjl&opEv cog 
(jaailsT 7TolEf/f]6ovzeg ovz inoQEvoiiexta ml fiaGile'a ' alia Tiolldg 
nQOQfdaEig Kvqog evqigxev, cog xal gv ev olo~\)a, ha Vfidg ze ana- 
gaoxEvdazovg Idfioi xal rjfidg iv&dde dvaydyoi. 22. 'Ensl yiivzoi 
r t 8ij avTOv EcoQcofisv ev deivco ovza, yGyvv Oi]f.iEV xal \T£Ovg xai, dv- 
&Qc6novg noodovvai avzov, iv zco ttqog&ev xqovco naqiyovzEg ypdg 
avzovg ev nomv. 23. 'EtteI 6e Kvgog zidvijxEv, ovze fiaGilEt dvzinoi- 
ovfiEda z7jg aQ%7jg ovz egziv bzov etExa $ovIoi\ie$ dv tfjp fiaai- 
lecog ycoQav xaxcog tzoieiv ' ovd' avzov dnoxzEivai dv i&t'lotfiEv, 
noQEvoffiE&a 5' dv or/.adE, ei zig rtftag fit] IvnoCrj ' ddtxovvza fiivzoi 
TiEtoaoofAE&a gvv zoTg -Qsolg dpvpaG&ai ' idv [ie'vzoi zig fjftag xal 
ev ttolcov VTzaQyi], xal zovzov Et'g ys §vva\iiv ovy i]zzijGO(JiEda ev 

TTOlOVVZEg. C fJLSV OVZCOg E17TEV. 

24. "AxovGag h\ 6 TiGGacfiEQrrjg 'i^rj ' Tavza iyco anayyElco 
(laailbi xal vyiiv ndXiv zd naq ixEivov ' f^iygt 5' dv iyco tjxco at 
Gnovoal hevovzcov' dyoqdv bs r { pt7g TzaQt'^OfAEv. 25. Kal Eig filv 
z?jv VGZEQaiav ovy ))xev cogtf ol ' 'Ellrjvsg icfoovzi&v zy ds zoizy 
rjxcov tlEyEv ozi diaTTETTQay^t'rog rjxoi naga fiaGilicog do&tjvai avzco 
gco^eiv zovg "Elhjvag, xairiEq ndvv nollcov dvzilsyovzcov cog ovx 
d<~iov eft] fiaGilEi dcpE7vai zovg icp tavzbv GzoazEVGafxt'vovg ' 26. 
Tilog d' eItte ' Kal v7)v e<~egziv v\uv niGzd la$£iv nag rjficov y 



LIB. II. CAP. IV. 47 

ur)v qsiliav Ttaqi^Eiv vfA.lv Tr)v %cooav xal a8oXcog and^siv Eig zr)v 
'EXXdSa, dyoqdv naqsyovzag ■ bnov 8' dv firj r] nolaad-ai, Xa t u- 
fidrsiv vfidg ex zrjg %cooag iaGousv zd imvrj&zia. 21. ' Tfidg 
8 av rjfipp Ssrjcjei bfioaai rj firjv ttoqevgegO'ch cog did cpiXiag daivcog, 
Giza xal nozd XafApdvovzag, bnozav fir) dyoodv naQEycouEv ' ?]v 
8s TTctQt'xcofiev dyoqdv, covovfisvovg e^eiv zd Imzr^Eia. 28. Tavza 
t8o$s ' xal couoGav xal dehdg sdooav TiGGacpsqvrig xal 6 zrjg fiaGiXscog 
yvvaixbg ddelcpbg zoTg zcov ( EXXijvcov czoazrjyofg xal Xoyayoig xal sXa- 
Bov naod zcov ' EXXr]vcov. 29. Mszd 8s zavza TiGGacfsqvrjg eItie ' 
Avv fisv 8r) dnsifii cog fiaGtXs'a ' £7zsi8dv 8e hianqd^mfjiai d dsoiiai, 
?]$co csvcjy.EvacrdfiEvog cog and^cov Vfidg Eig z)]v 'EXXdSa xal avzog 
dmcav enl rr)v Efiavzov aqyrjv. 

C A P. I V. 

1. Mszd zavza moiifiEvov TiGGacfis'qvrjv ol zs "EXXrjvEg xcu 
'AqiaTog, iyyvg dXXrjXcov EGzqaT07ZE8svfiivoi, r)fisqag nXsiovg ?/ 
eixogiv. '£V 8s zavzaig dcpixvovvzat nqbg 'Aquuov y.a). ol ddsXqjol 
xal ol dXXoi dvayxcuoi, xal nqbg zovg gvv ixsivcp Usqacov zivsg, 
Tzaqa&aoovvovzs'g ze y.al 8shdg svioi rzaqd fiaGtXscog qisqovzsg fir) 
fivqGixaxr]GEiv fiaaiXsa avzoig zrjg avv Kvqoci emazoazeiag, fi)]8s 
dXXov firfisvbg zcov naqoi^ofAsvcov. 2. Tovtcov 8s yiyvofiivcov 
sv8rjXoi i]<sav ol tied) zbv "Aqiaiov ryzzov nqogs/ovzEg zoig "EXXqai 
zbv vovv ' cogis xai zovzo zoig fisv noXXolg zcov 'EXXijvcov ovx 
ijqEGxsv, dXXd nqogiovzsg zco KXEag^co sXsyov xal zoig dXXoig azoa- 
zrjyoTg" 3. Ti fisvofisv ; r] ova EniGzdfiEda ozi fiamXehg rjnag 
dnoXsGai dv tteqi navzbg noirjaaizo, iva xai zoig dXXoig 'EXXrja 1 
Cfbfiog rj im fiaciiXsa fisyav GioazEvsiv ; Kal vvv fisv rjfidg vndyszai 
fiivEiv did zb 8iEG7zdo&ai avzcp zb czodzEVfia ' ETZEi8d.v 8s ndXiv 
dXiG&r[ avzcp r\ azoazid, ova egziv oncog ovy. sm&fjGEzai rjfA.iv. 4. 
"iGCog 8i Ttov r] anoGyd.nzEi zi r) duoiEr/fCsi, cog drzooog ?} r] b86g. 
Ob ydo ttoze sxcov ys fiovXijaszai r)fAoig sX&ovzag Eig zrjv 'EXXdSa 
anayysXXai cog r)fi£ig, zogoi8e ovzsg, ivixcofAsv zrjv ftaGi)Jcog 8vvafxiv 
em raig dvoaig avzov xal xazaysXdGavzsg anrjX&OfiEv. 

5. K.Xiao%og 8s ansxqivazo zoig zavza XsyovGiv ' "Eyco iv&v- 
ftovfiai fisv xal zavza ndvza ' ivvoco 8s on ei vvv dmfisv, 86<;ofiEv 



48 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

inl noXspcp anievai xal naqd tag Gnovdag noieiv. "Enuta, ttqco 
tov [iev dyoqav ovdelg naqe<*ei tjia.iv, old' bnod-ev iniGitiovfieOa ' 
avtiig de 6 i)yi]G6fievog ovdelg eGtai ' xal d\ia tavta noiovvzcov 
i) l ucov evdvg 'Aqiaiog dyeGzrj^ei ' agze epilog fjpiv ovdelg XeXeixpezai, 
dXXd xal ol nqoG&ev bvteg noXepioi i)fitv eaovzai. 6. Ilozaftbg 
de el fxev tig xal dXXog dqa rjfA.iv iazi diafiazeog, ovx olda ' tbv d 3 
ovv Evqiqdzrjv ig\iev on advvazov diaffivai xcoXvovzcov noXe- 
(a.ig)v. Ob fxev drj, av fAayeG&ai ye deft, inneig eiolv rjfilv GV[A,[Aa%oi ' tcav 
de noXefAicov Inneig eiGiv ol nXeiGzoi xal nXelctov dl-ioi ' cogzs n- 
xcovreg fiev tiva dv dnoxtelvaifiev ; rjzzcofievcov de \irjv ovdeva oiov 
te GCQ&7]vai. 7. 'Eyoj fuv ovv fiaaiXea, o? noXXd ovtcog iazl td 
GVfifA-aya, e'ineq nqo&vfteizai r)[idg dnoXeGai, ova olda o ti del av~ 
tov bfxoGai y.al de^idv dovvai xal fteovg inioqxrjGai xal td eavzov 
TtiGta dniGza noirjGai EXXjjgi ze xal fiaqfidqotg. Toiavza noXXd 
eXeyev. 

8. 'Ev de tovzco rjxe TiGGacpeqvrjg eycov trjv eavzov dvva[iiv, 
cog eig olxov dniav, xal ' Oqovzag zrjv eavzov dvvafiiv ' rjye de xai 
t\v ftvyateqa trjv fiaGiXecog inl ydfACp. 9. 'Evzev&ev de r/dq 
TiGGaqie'ovovg ijyovfxtvov xal dyoqav naqt'yovzog inoqevovto ' inoqev- 
ezo de xal 'Aqiaiog, to Kvqov fiaqfiaqixbv eycov Gzqdzevfia, apa 
TiGGaqseQvei xal ' Oqbvza xal ^vveGtqazonedeveto gvv ixeivoig. 
10. Ol de "EXXqveg vcpoqcovzeg tovtovg avtol icp eavtoov iycoqovv 
rjyefiovag e%ovzeg. 'EGzqazonedevovzo de exaGzoze anifovzeg dX-> 
XrjXcov naqaGayyrjv xal fieiov ' iqivXdztovto de dfiqioteqoi agneq 
noXefiiovg dXXrjXovg, xal evdvg tovzo vnoipiav naqeTyev. 11. *Evi~ 
oze de xal <;vXi£6[ievoi ex tov avtov xal %6qtov xal dXXa toiavza 
GvXXeyovzeg nXqydg ivezeivov dXXrjXoig' agze xal tovto eyQqav 
naqeX'/e. 

12. JieX&ovzeg de tqeig Gta&fiovg dqjixovto nqbg to Mrjdtag 
xaXovfiei'Ov ter/og, xal naqrjX&ov eiGco avtov. 7 Hv de cpxodofirjfie'vov 
nXivdoig bnzalg ev aGtydXzoo xeifievaig, evqog ei'xoGi nodcov, vipog 
de exatov ' [iTjxog de eXeyeto ehai e'lxoGi, naQGayyav * dnelye de Baftv- 
Xwvog oh noXv. 13. 'Evzev&ev 5' enoqevd-tjGav Gza&fiovg dvo 
naqaGayyag bxzco ' xal diefitjGav diojqvyag dvo, tr\v fxev inl yecpvqag, 
tr\v d' etevyiievriv nXoioig entd ' {avzai de ijGav dnb tov Tiyqqzog 
nozapov ' xazezezfiyvzo de «5 avtcov xal tdcpqoi inl tt)v %(oqav t ai 



LIB. II. CAP. IV. 49 

uev aqakai psydXai, snsiza <5' iXdzzovg ' ziXog ds xal iiixqol 6%e- 
roty cognEq iv zy 'EXXddi im zdg pisXivag *) xal acpixvovvzai ini 
tov Tiyqrjza noxafiov ' Ttqbg (p noXig ijv (XEydXij xal 7zoXvdv&qo37rog 
\l ovojjm JZiT&M], ansyovGa tov noTa\iov ozadwvg nsvTExaidsxa. 

14. Ol fisv ovv EXXt]V£g Ttaq avTrjv EGxrjvwGav iyyvg naqadsiGOv 
fisydXov xal xaXov xal daatog navTo'uav dsvdqwv' ol ds ftdq- 
fiaoot. diafisfitjxoTsg tov Tiyqqra ov fisvzoi xaTacpavstg i)aav. 

15. Met a ds to dsinvov szvyov iv Tisqmdzop bvzsg nqb zwv 07zXcov 
Tlqo^Evog xal Zsvoqicov ' xal nqogsX^av av&qomog tig tjqcozrjGE zovg 
7iqocpvXaxag ttov kv 'idol llqo^Evov rj KXiaqyov. Msvoova ds ova 
EL,rjTEi, xal zavza naqd "AqiaLov av tov Msvosvog %svov. 16. 
'Ekei ds IJqo^svog eitiev oti Avzog slfxi ov tyzsig, E~insv 6 dv&oomog 
?dds ' "EnEfiypE [is "Aqialog xal 'Aqzdo^og, tiigtoI ovzsg Kvocp, xal 
v[uv evvoi, xal xeXevovgi (pvXdzzsG&ai fit] vfiiv imftthvTai zr\g vv- 
xzbg ol : pdoftaooi' EGZids GzqdzEvfia rroXv iv to) tzXtjgiov TzaqadsiGOp. 
17. Kal Traqa ttjv yi(pvqavTOv Tt'yqrjTog noTa\iov Tzifiypai xeXevovgi 
qivXaxtjv, wg diavosiTai avTtjv Xvaai TiGGac^sqvrjg Trjg wxzbg, r)v- 
7TEQ dvv?]zai,(ag pj diafirjzE, dXX iv [ie'gcp dTzoXycp&TJTE tov noza\iov 
xal Ttjg dicoqvyog. 18. 'AxovGavTsg TavTa dyovGiv avzbv naqd, 
zbv KXsaqyov xal cpqd^ovGtv a Xs'ysi. c ds KXsaqyog dxovGag 
izaqai&rj Gcpodqu xal icpofisizo. 19. Nearioxog ds Tig zcov na- 
qovtwv ivvofoag slnsv cog ovx dxoXov&a Eirj to im&tJGEG&ai xal 
7.vgeiv zr)v yiepvoav. Ar[Xov ydq oti inizi&EfiEvovg ij vixav ds^GEi 
$ rjTTCcG&af. 'Ear fisv ovv vixcogi, zi dsl amovg Xvsiv Ttjv 
yscpvoav ; ovds yag dv noXXal ystpvoai gjgiv syoifisv dv onoi cpvyov- 
?sg rjftsTg Gto&<x>fi£v. 20. 'Eav d' av fjfiEig vtxwfiEv, XsXvfiEv^g 
%7]g yEcpvqag oi>% e^ovgiv ixsivoi onoi cpvy&Giv * ovds [i\v poq&t}- 
cai izoXXwv ovtcov niqav ovdelg avzoig dvvr^GETai XsXvfisvtjg z?jg 
ysopvqag. 

21. 'AxovGag ds 6 KXsagxog zavza %qezo zbv dyysXov 7ioGr\ 
zig Ert] %MQa rj iv hsgcq tov Tiyqrizog xal zrjg di(Q0V%og. ' ds 
eItiev oti TtoXXrj xal xafxai eveigl xal noXsig noXXal xal psydXai. 
22. Tote drj xal iyvcoG&rj ozi ol ftdoftaooi zbv dv&oco7zov vnonsii- 
xpaisv, bxvovvzsg [i?j ol "EXXrjvsg disXovzsg zijv yicpvqav fisvoisv 
iv zq rrJGty, iqvfiaza fyovTsg ev&ev fxsv zov TiyqrjTa, Evfisv 
ds z\v diaqv^cc' zd 8 imziqdEia syoisv ix zrjg iv fAEGcp %wqcig 

5 



50 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

aoXXrjg xac dya&qg ovotjg xai tcov igyaaofitvoav evovtcov ' dza ds 
xal aTTOGTQoyri ysvoizo, si Tig fiovXotTO §aai)Ja xaxcog tioieiv. 
23. Mezu zavza dvEnavovzo' im \ievtoi tijv yscfvoav oficog 
cpvXaxijv 87iep\pav. Kal ovze E7ze&ezo oi>de}g ovdapo&Ev ovze nobg 
tijv ysyvqav ovdeig yl&s tcov TZoXspimv, cog ol cpvXaTTOvTEg anyy- 
ysXXov. 24. 'E7Z£idt] ds Ecog iysvETO, disftaivov tijv yt'cpvoccv, ££ev- 
y\iivr\v nXoioig TQidxovza xul snra, cog olov re [xdXiGza TrscpvXa- 
y\iivcog ' IhiyyeXXov ydg TivEg tcov naqa TiGGctcpt'ovovg 'EXXijrcov 
cog diafiaivovTcov [ie'XXoiev im&rjGSG&ai. 'AXXa zavza psv ipsvdrj 
qv ' diaftcavovTcov \ievzoi 6 TXovg avzoig £7ZEcpdvr] \iet dXXcov 
Gxoncov si diapaivoisv tov Tzozapov ' £7Ze\ ds eWev, cpxszo dnEXav- 

VCQV. 

25. "Anb ds tov TiyorjTog EnoQEv&ijGav Gzadfiovg TEzraoag 
irctQctcdyyag eixogiv etzI tov 0vgxov nozapbv, to Evoog tzXe&qov ' 
i7Ttjv ds yscpvoa. Kai ivTav&a cqxeTto noXig fisyaXq, fj ovo\ict 
7 Qmg ' nobg rjv a7zrjvTi]G£ Toig EXX?]Giv 6 Kvqov xal 'Aqto^eq^ov 
io&og ddsXybg, dnb Zovgcov xa\ 'ExfiaTavcov GToatidv noXX\v 
dycov cog {jotj&iigcov fiacnXsi' xal IniGzriGag to sccvtov GTodtEvpa 
7taQEo%ouivovg rovg EXXyvag e&ecoqel 26. l 8s KXiuQiog 
rjysTzo usv Eig dvo, inoQEVEzo ds dXXozs xal dXXozs icpiGTa^Evog. 
°Ogov c¥ [dv~] %qovov to r\yov\i£vov tov GTQa.T£v\iaTog etiigtiigeie, 
togovtov r\v dvdyxrj yqovov dl oXov tov GioaTEvpaTog yiyv£G&ai 
Ti]v smGTVLGW ' cogzE to GTQaT£v\ia xal avzoig ToTg EXXqGi do^cu 
nd\inoXv shcu xal tov TIeqg^v ixuEnXrfl&ai &ecoqovvtcc. 27. *Ev- 
tev&ev ds E7i0QEv&rjGav did Tijg Mrfiiag Gzatipovg EQrjpovg If 
TraQciGciyyag TQidxovTa Eig Tag IJaQVGciTidog xcopag Tijg Kvqov 
nai ^aGiXs'cog [tTjToog. TavTag TiGGaq>EQvi]g Kvqcq ineyysXmv dt- 
ctQTidGcu Toig "EXXijgiv £7T£TQ£\p£ ttXijv d.vdoaTTodcov. 'Evtjv ds Gizog 
noXvg kal nooficiTa xai 'dXXa %Q)j{iaTa. 28. 'Evtev&ev d' ettoqsv- 
■&r\Gtt.v GTa&iiovg iorjpovg TETTaqag TtagaGayyag etxoai tov TiyQrjra 
nozayiov lv ciqigteqci r/ovteg. 3 Ev ds Tcp nocozco Gta&fiqi tze'quv tov 
71otcl\iov noXig cpxEito fxEydXi] xcu Evdaificov ovofia Kaiva), «| r\g 
ol jjdofiaooi diriyov im Gysdiag dicp&EQivaig aQTovg, Tvqovg, ohov. 



LIB. II. CAP. V. 51 



CAP. V. 



Mszd zavza dquxvovvzai em zbv Zdfiazov nozapbv, zb svqog 
zezzdqcov nXt&qav. Kal svzav&a sfisivav r^isqag zqsTg. 3 Ev 8e 
zavzaig vnoxplai fisv rjGav, qiavsqd 8' ovdefu'a icpaivszo im§ovX^. 
2. J ESo^ev ovv zai KXedq%rp GvyysvEG&ai zop TiacacpegvEi xal, ei nag 
dvvaiTo, navGai rag vnoxpiag, nqlv «£ avzcov noXsyiov ysvsG&ai • 
xat ETzepxpe rwa sqovvza bzi GvyysvsG&ai avzqj %qrfe6i. 'O 8 s szoi- 
ficog exeXevgev rpiuv. 3. 'EnsiSy 8s GvvrjXd-ov, Xsysi 6 KXi'aq%og 
za8s ' Eyco, co TiGGaqpEqvt], oida {isv h\iiv bqxovg ysysvij^svovg xal 
ds^idg dedopevug fit] d8ixrJG£iv dXXrjXovg ' (pvXazzbfisvov 8s ge ze bqa 
(dg Tzolsfiiovg tjfiag' xal t]fisig oqavzsg zavza dvzicpvXazzo/nE&a. 

4. 'EtIEI 8s GY.07ZWV Ol)8lv Sl'VUfiai OVZE GE aiG&EG&CU nStqCOflEVOV 

quag xaxcoc noisiv, syco ze Gaqpcog oida bzi f^EigyE ov8' smvoovfiEv 
zoiovzov ov8sv, e8o£e fioi Eig Xoyovg goi eX&eiv, bncog si dvvaipe&a 
e^sXoifJiEv dXXfjXcov ztjv aniGziav. 5. Kal ydq ol8a ?j8t] dv&qmnovg, 
zovg \isv ex 8ia@oXrjg, zovg 8s xal i<; vnoxpiag, 61 qo^tj&svzsg ok- 
XrjXovg, ty&aGai fiovXofisroi nqlv nadsiv, inoirjGav dvrjxEGza xaxd 
zovg ovze fisXXovzag ovz av fiovXofiEvovg zoiovzov ov8sv. 6. Tdg ovv 
zoiavzag dyvcapoGvvag vofiiXcov GvvovGiaig vidXiGza dv navsG&ai, 
?]xco xal 8i8aGxsiv ge fiovXofiai cog gv tjviiv ovx oq&cog dniGzsig. 
7. IJqcozov fisv ydq xai \iiyiGzov, ol d~sojv oqxoi fjfiag xcoXvovgi 
noXs/iiovg slvai dXXrfXoig ' bgzig 8s zovnov gvvoi8ev avzco naqrjfis- 
Xrjxag, zovzov iya o'vnoz dv sv8ai\ioviGaiyj.. Tov ydod'Ecav noXe- 
fjiov ovx oi8a out dnb noiov dv zd%ovg qsvycov zig dnocpvyoi, ovz 
Eig noTov dv Gxozog dno8qairj, ov& bncog dv Eig iyvgov %cqqiov 
dnoGzair]. Udvzr\ ydq ndvza zoig fisoig vno'^a xa) navzayji ndv- 
Z03V igov oi -&sol xqazovGi. 8. TIeqI \isv 8q zcov tfEcov ze xai ZG)V 
ogxoov ovno yiyvcoGxco, naq oig rjfisig z/jv cpiXiuv Gvv&s'fiEvoi xazs- 
>&E(A.E&a * zav 8s dv&qcoTiivojv ge sycoys iv zap naqovzi vofA.i.Q(a 
f,isyiGzov slvai rj^iv aya&ov. 9. J£hv (a,ev ydq goI naGa psv rjftiv 
68bg EvnoQog, nag 8s nozaptog 8ia@azog, zcov 5' £mzrj8£icov ovy 
dnoqia ' dvsv 8s gov naGa ^isv 8 id Gxozovg r) 68og ■ ov8sv ydq 
avzl]g iniGzd t uE&a ' nag 8s noza\iog 8vgnoqog, nag 5' byXog q>oftsqog • 
qiofisqazazov 8' sq^fxia ' fisaztj ydq noXX\g dnoqiag egziv. 10. Ei 



52 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

8s 8t] xai \iavtvzzg as xazaxzsivai\isv, dXXo n dv q zbv Eisoysz^v 
xazaxzsivavzsg ttqoq fiaaiXsa zbv fisyiazov sqjsdgov dycoviJ^oiiJiE&a ; 
" Oacov 8s dtj xal olo3V dv ilaidcov ipavzov azsorjaaifii, ei as zi xa- 
xbv im%eiQq6cu[u noislv, zavza Xs%co. 11. 3 Eycb yao Kvqov stte&v- 
lirjad fioi cpiXov ysvs'a&ai, vofii^cov zcov zote ixavcozazov thai ev 

7T01EIV OV fiovXoiZO. 2*S 8s VVV OQCO ZTjV ZE KlIQOV dvVdfllV Xai 

ycaqav syovza xal z\v asavzov doyr^v acoQovza, zrjv ds ftaailscog 
dvvctfuv, rj KvQog noXsyiia i%Qt]zo, aol zavzi]v avfi^a^ov ovaav. 
12. Tovzcov 8s zoiovzcov ovzcov, rig ovzco fiaivszai ogzig ov 
fiovXszai aol epilog slvai ; 'Alia pyv, (eqco yao xai zavza i£ cov 
z%co sXni8ag xal as ^ovX^asa&ai cpiXov r^iiv sivcu'} 13. ol8a psv 
yao v\iiv Mvaovg Ivnijoovg bvzag, ovg vopl'Qco av avv zy naQovar} 
8vvdfA,Ei zansivovg vfiiv naoaayziv ' ol8a 8s xal Ilsiaidag ' dxovco 
8s xal dXXa e&vtj noXXd zoiavza shai, a oiftm av navaai ivo- 
'/Xovvza dsl zy vfiEzs'oa EvSaifiovia. Aiyvnziovg 8s, o'tg pdXiaza 
vfxdg vvv yr/vcoaxco TE&v/Jcofis'vovg, ov% boco, nolo. 8vvd\isi avfifxd'/cp 
%Q}}ad[iEvoi fidXXov dv xoXd.asads zijg vvv avv ifiol ovat]g. 14. 
AXXd \irp> ev ys zolgnsQi^ olxovai av, ei (jlev fiovXoio zqi cpiXog slvca, 
cog fxsyiazog dv Etfjgj ei 8s zlg as Xvnoiri, cog 8sa7r6zi]g dvaazoz'qioio 
eftcov fydg vnriQzzag, oi aoi ovx dv zov fiia&ov svsxa fiovov vttyiqe- 
zoTfisv, dXXd xai zr\g %doizog i/v aco&svzsg imb aov aol av syoifxsv 
8ixalcog. 15. 'Efiol fisv 8q zavza ndvza iv&vfiovfisvco ovzco 8oxsl 
&av{iaazbv slvai zb as riyiiv dmazsiv cogzs xal ?j8iaz dv axovaai^i 
io'vvo\ia zig iaziv ovtco Ssivbg Xtysrv cogzs as nslaai Xtycov cog ?)fxsig 
aoi ETzi^ovXsvofisv. KXsaQ^og fuv ovv zoaavza sins ' Tiaaaqjsovqg 
8s co8s anrwAsicpfyri ' 

16. 'AXX rfiofjiai fxlv, co KXsaQ^s, dxovcov aov cfoovi'fiovg Xoyovg ' 
zavza ydq yiyvcoaxcov et zi ifiol xaxbv fiovXsvoig, a\ia dv f.ioi 8oxstg 
xal aavzcp xaxovovg slvai. ' Qg 8* dv fid&rig ozi ov8' dv vfxsTg 
8txaicog ovzs fiaailsT ovz sfjioi aTtiazoirjzE, dvzdxovaov. 17. El 
yao vftdg s^ovXo^isda anoXsaai, nozsqd aoi 8oxov\isv innscov nXr\- 
ftovg dnoQEiv rj nstcov ij bnXlascog, sv y vfxag fxsv fiXdnzsiv ixavol 
ZiijftEv dv, avzindaiEiv 8s ov8slg xiv8vvog ; 18. 'AXXa ycooicov zm- 
7?]8sicov ifiiv ETTizi&sad'ai a7TOQSiv av aoi Soxovpsv ; Ov zoaavza 
fisv 7Ts8ia rjfuv cpiXia ovza avv TtoXXtp tiovco 8ianoQEvsa&E, zoaavza 
8s oqri vyuv bqdzE ovza 7ioQEvtia t a rjpiv s%sazi nooxaralafiovaiv 



LIB. II. CAP. V. 53 

anoqa vfuv naqiyEiv ; zogovzoi 8e eIgi noza\iol, icp cov e\egziv r\\itv 
rafiievsa&ai bnoGoig dv vficov fiovXcopE&a [idyEG&ai ; EIgI 8 av- 
zcov ovg ovcf dv navzdnaGi 8ia@ait]TE, el firj TjfiEig Ifidg 8ia7ioq£V- 
oifisv. 19. El 8s iv ttccgi zovzoig fjzzcpfis&a, dXXd zo yi zoi nvq 
zov xaqnov xqsTzzov egziv ' ov fyeig dwaifjie^ av xazaxavGavzsg 
Xiftbv ifiTv dvzizd^ai, cp vpeig ov8' si ndvv dya&ol EirjzE (idyEG&ai 
av dvvaiG&e. 20. JJcog av ovv syovzsg zoGovzovg noqovg nqog 
zb vfiiv izoXsfisTv, xal zovzcov [irfieva ijluv imxiv8vvov f ensiza itt 
zovzcov ndvzcov zovzov av zbv zqonov i^EXoi^Eda bg fiovog (isv 
nqbg -&EG0V ctGE^g, fiovog 8s nqbg av&qconcov aiGyqog ; 21. Tlav- 
zdnaGi ds dnoqcov egz\ xal dfir/ydvcov xai avdyxq iyofisvcov, xai 
zovzcov novtjqcov, olzivsg ed-tlovGt 81 imoqxiag ze nqog tfsovg xal 
aniGzlag nqog avftqconovg nqdzzEiv zi. Ovy ovzcog rjtieTg, to 
KXeagys, ovzs ijXl&ioi ovze dXoyiGzoi eg^ev. 22. 'AXXd zi 8rj 
vfidg i$bv anoXtGai ovx inl zovzo ijX&ofiEv ; Ev ig&i ozi 6 ifA.bg 
eqcog zovzov atziog zov zoig "EXXrjGiv ijis niGzbv yevEG&ai xal (p 
Kvqog dvt'fir] %£vixqj 8id LiiG&o8oGi'ag niGZEvcov, zovzcp ifiE xazafitj- 
vai dl EveqyEGiag iGyvqov. 23. OGa 8s fi.oi vcisig yqiqGifioi egeg&e, 
za liev xal gv slnsg, zb ds fisyiGzov iycb ol8a ' z\v \iev yaq inl zrj 
XEqaXrj ztdqav fiaaiXeT fiovco e<~egziv oq&tjv syeiv, zr\v 8' im zy xaq- 
8ici iGcog dv vficov naqovzcov xai szsqog evnezcog syoi. 

24. Tavza slncov e8o%e zcp KXsdqycp dXi]d7] Xtysiv^ xal eitiev ' 
Ovxovv, E(pr], olzivEg zoiovzcov ijiiTv elg cpih'av vnaqyovzcov TiEiqcov- 
zai SiafidXXovzEg noii\Gai noXEytiovg ijfiag, d^iot eigi za EG%aza 
na&Eiv ; 25. Kal iyco fxsv ye e(prj 6 TiGGaq>Eqvr]g y si §ovXeg&e \ioi ot 
ze Gzqazijyol xal ot Xoyayol iX&Eiv iv zq) ipqpavei, Xe'^co zovg nqbg 
ifis Xiyovzag (6g gv imftovXEVEig ipoi ze xal ztq gvv ifxol Gzqazia. 
26. 'Eya 8\ Eqirj 6 KXs'aqyog, «|oj ndvzag ' xal goI av 8)]X(6gg) 
o&ev iyw neql gov axovco. 27. 'Ex zovzcov 8rj zcov Xoycov 6 TtGGa- 
CfEQvrjg cpiXoq}qovoviJ.£vog zozs liev \leveiv ze avzbv ixsXevGE xal 
Gvv8Einvov inoi{\Gazo ' zy 5' vGzsqaia KXeaqyog, iX&chv im zo 
GZQazo7iE8ov, 8?jX6g ze i\v ndvv yiXixcog oloaEvog diaxsiG&at. zqj 
TiGGatyEqvEi, xal d eXsysv ixEivog anriyysXXEv ' scprj ze yqtjvai, livai 
Tzaqd TiGGacfEqvTjv ovg exeXevge, xal 61 dv i<~sXEyy{}coGL 8iafidXXov- 
zEg zcov 'EXXrjvcov, cog nqoSozag avzovg xal xaxovovg zoig "EXXr[Giv 
ovzag zi[xcoqTj&7Jvai. 28. l Tnconzevz 8s thai zbv 8ia@dXXovtci 

5* 



54 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

Msvcova, sldoog avzov xal Gvyysysvr^isvov TiGGacft'ovsi fisza 'Aqi- 
aiov xal GzaGid^ovza avzcp xal sm§ov).svovza, oncog zb Gigdzsvyia 
anav nqbg savzbv Xaficov epilog y Tiaaaytqvu. 29. 'Efiov/.zzo ds 
xai 6 KXsagyog anav zo GZQuzsifia ngbg savzbv sysiv z\v yvcofitjv 
xat Tovg naqaXvnovvzag sy.nodcov thai. Tcov ds Gzqazicozcov 
avtiksyov zivsg avzqj (juj Isvai, ndvzag zovg 7>oyayoi>g y.ai Gzqazrj- 
yovg, prjds ttigzsvsiv TiGGacpt'qvsi. 30. f ds K)Jaoyog iGyvqcog 
xazszsivsv, sgzs disnqd^azo nivzs fisv Gzqazr^yovg itvai, s'ixogi ds 
Xoyayovg ' GvvrjxoXovdr-Gav ds cog slg ayooav xal zcov alXoov Gzqa- 
zicozcov cog diaxoGioi. 

31. 'Ensl tf ijGav im zaTg dvqaig zaig TiGGayeovovg, ol filv 
Gzoazrfl'oi naqsyJ.tj&rjGav si'gco, Tlqo^svog Boicoziog, Mtvcov Qsz- 
ra7.bg, 'Ayiag Aqxag, KXsaqyog Adxcov, 2?coxqdz?]g Ayaiog ' ol 
ds Xoyayol inl rcug &vqatg s\isvov. 32. Ov noX7.co 5' vgteqov dnb zov 
avzov Gr\\isiov olzs svdov Gvvs7.au ft dvovzo y.ai ol s$oo xazsxomjGav. 
Mszd ds zavza zcov ftaqfidqcov zivsg innscov, did zov nsolov s).av- 
vovzsg, ojzivi ivzvyydvoiev E7.7.rjvi rj dovlop tj Hsv&s'qcq, ndvzag 
sxzsivov. 33. Ol ds "E7.Xr t vsg zi]v zs InnaGiav abzcov s&avpa^ov, 
iy, zov Gzqazonldov oqcovzsg, y.ai b zi inoiovv r^cfiyvoovv, nqiv 
Nixaq%og'Aqxdg fas qsvycov, zszqcofis'vog slgzrjv yaGzsqaxaizd sv- 
tsqa iv zaig ysqGlv syoov, xal sins ndvza zaysysvj] t usva. 34. 'Exzov- 
zov dq orEXXrivsg t&sov inl zd onXa ndvzsg sxnsn7.ijyfisvoi xal vo t ui- 
t,ovzsg avzi/.a r^siv avzovg inl zb Gzqazonsdov. 35. Ol ds ndvzsg fxsv 
ovx tjX&ov, 'AqiaTog ds xal 'Aqzdo^og y.ai Mi&ntddzrjg, ol ijGav Kvqop 
TTiGiozazoi ' 6 ds zcov , E7J.r i vcov sQpriVEvg scfi] yai zbv TiGGaqjs'qvovg 
ddsXqbv gvv avzoig bqav y.ai yiyvcoGxsiv ' Gvvr i xoXov&ovv ds y.ai dXXoi 
Usqgoov zstfcooaxiGfttvoi sig zgiay.OGiovg. 36. Ouzoi snsl syyvg r^av, 
noogsX&sTv ixsXsvov si zig sit] zcov 'EXXrjvcov q GZQazrjybgrj Xoyaybg, 
tva dnayysiXooGi zd nagd fiaGiXs'oog. 37. Msza zavza s^X&ov cpvXaz- 
zofxsvoi zcov c EXXi]vcov GTQazrjol {.isv KXsdvooq 'Ogyofit'itog xal 
ZocpaivzTog S£zvpiqdXiog, gvv avzoig ds Zsvoqcor 'A&^vaiog, onoog 
ixd&oi zd nsgl Tlgottvov ' XsigiGocfog 5' szvyyavsv dncov sv y.afirj 
Tivl gvv dXXoig sniGizitoinsvog. 38. 'Ensl d' sGzr t Gav tig snrf/.oov, 
elnsv'AQiaiog zdds ' KXs'aoyog fisv, go dvdosg E)Jj]vsg, snei smooy.cov 
zs icfdvrj xal zag GnovSag Xvcov, t%si z\v di/.r^v xal zsx^vrjxE Tlgo^svog 
ds xal Ms'vcov, ozi xazijyysiXav avzov z\v JmfiovXrjv, iv (isyaXq 



LIB. II. CAP. VI. 55 

rifjirj eigiv • i\uag ds ftaGiXsvg za onXa dnaizsl ' iavtov yaq elvcu 
cptjGlv, STisinsq Kvqov jjaav zov Ixeivov dovXov. 

39. IJqbg ravia dnsy.qivavzo ol "EXXr t vsg, (sXsys ds KXsdvcoq 
6 'Oqyoiisnog) ' 7 Q y.dy.iGZE avtiqconcov, \4qiaXs, y.al ol aXXoi ogoi 
t/zs Kvqov cpiXot, ova diGyyvEd&E ovzs -&sovg ovzs av&qconovg, 
oiTirsg b\ioGCLvzsg qfuv zovg avzovg yiXovg y.al iy&qovg vofMSiv, 
nqodovzsg rjuag gvv TiGGacftqvEi zcp adecozdzco zs y.al navovqyo- 
zdzco zovg zs dvdoag avzovg olg couvvzs cog dnoXcoXsy.azE y.ai zovg 
aXXovg tjfiag 7rqodsdcoy.6zEg gvv zoTg TZoXsuioig icp ftfiag sqysG&s ; 
40. '0 ds 'AqiaTog sins ' KXsaqyog yaq nqoGdsv imfiovlevooP 
qaveobg sysvszo TiGGacpsovsi zs y.al 'Oqovza y.al tzulgiv r^uv zoTg 
gvv zovzoig. 41. 'Em zovzoig ds Zsvocpcov zdde sins ' KXsaqyog 
fisv zoivvv, si naqa zovg oqy.ovg sXvs zag Gnovdag, z\v dr/.rjv sysi ' 
dfy.aiov yaq dnoXXvG&ai zovg smoqy.ovvz ag ' Tlqo^svog ds y.ai 
Ms'vcov insiTZsq sig)v viiszsqot fxsv svsqyszai, r^izsqot ds Gzqazrjolj 
Ttsuxpars avzovg dsvqo * dljXov yaq on cplXoi ys ovzsg dfA.cpozsqoig 
nsiqaGOVzai y.al i\uiv y.al Tjfuv za ftsXziGza gv[i@ovXeveiv. IJqbg 
zavza ol fidqpaqoi noXvv A /qovov diaXs'/^svzsg dXX^Xoig anifi&ov 
ovdsv anoy.qivdyLzyoi. 

CAP. VI. 

1. 01 fisv drj Gzqazijyol ovzco Xijcpd-svzsg dvrjy&rjGav cog §aGi- 
)Ja, y.ai dnozyir^svzsg zag y.scpaXag szsXsvz^Gav ' sig [xsv avzcov 
KXsaqyog ofioXoyovfisvcog sy. navzcov zcov sixTzsiqcog avzov iyovzcov 
dotag ysvsGd-ai dvr t q y.ai 7rolsfiiy.bg y.ai cfiXoTZoXsfxog sGydzcog. 
2. Kai yaq drj sag fisv noXsiiog ijv zoTg Aay.sdaiuovioig nqbg zovg 
3 A&rjvaiovg Tzaos/iEivsv ' snsl cf siqrjvrj iys'vszo, rzsiGag zrjv avzov 
ttoXiv cog ot Qqrc/.sg ddixoiGi zovg e/ EXXrjvag y.al dianqa%du.svog cog 
idvvazo naqa zcov 'Ecfoqcov s^snXsi cog noXsyirficov zoTg vnsq 
Xsoqovr t Gov y.al TIsiqivQ-ov Oqativ. 3. ' Ensl ds [iszayvovzsg ncog 
oV'Ecfoqoi r t di] stco ovzog avzov drioGzqsqsiv avzbv ZTisiqcovzo i| 
'Ig&uov, ivzav&a ovy.szi 77si&szai, dXt qryszo nXlcov sig 'EXXr-g- 
ttovzov. 4. 'Ey, zovzov y.al i&avazcodr] vnb zcov iv zrj 2ndqzY[ 
zsXcov cog ansi&cov. "Hdt] ds cpvyag cov sqyszai nqbg Kvqov, y.ai 
0710101$ fiEV Xoyoig stzeige Kvqov aXXrj ylyqanzai ' didcoGi ^ 



56 EXPEDITIOCYRI. 

avzco Kvqog (AVQiovg daqsixovg ' 5. 6 ds Xaficbv, ovx im (tad-vplav 
izgdnszo, dXX ano zovzcov zcov yq7]\idzcov ovXXs'Sag Gzqdzsv\ia 
inoXs\iEi zolg 0oa!~i' xai \idyr\ ze ivixtjcrs xai ano zovzov dtj tcpEQS 
xai Jjysv avzovg ' xai noXsjicov disyivszo, (m'xqi Kvqog ideq&tj 
70v Gzqazsv\iazog ' tote cf dntjX&sv cog gvv exeivco av noXs\ii)Gcov. 
6. Tavza ovv cpiXonoXtfiov \xoi doxsi dvdqbg toy a eivai, ogzig, i^bv 
\isv tiQrjnjv dysiv dvsv aiGyvvqg xai fiXdfirjg, aiqsizai ttoXe^eiv ' 
i^bv ds Qa&vptiv, fiovXszai novsiv cogzE noXsfxElv • s%bv ds yqi]\iaza 
tysiv dxivdvrcog, aiqsizai noXsficov \islova zavza noisiv. 'Exslvog 
ds cognsq sig naidixd rj sig aXXrjv zivd 7]dovj]v ij&eXs danavav sig 
noXspov. Ovzco [isv cpiXonoXsfAog r L v. 7. UoXs\ivxbg ds av 
zavzij idoxsi slvai bzi cpiXoxlvdvvog ze 1}v, xai r^isqag xa\ vvxzbg 
aycov Inl zovg noXsfxiovg, xul iv zolg dsivoig qjoovipog, cog ol na- 
qovzsg navzayov rtdvzsg coyioXoyovv. 8. Kal dqyixbg ds iXs'ysTO 
slvai cog dvvazbv ex zov zoiovzov zqonov olov xai ixslvog stysv. 
'Ixavbg fA,sv ydo cog zig xai dXXog cpoovzi&iv r>v oncog eS,ei tj azga- 
zia avzov zd STUzrjdsiu xai naoaGxsvd^siv zavza ' . Ixavbg ds xai 
i\inoit]Gai zolg naqovGiv cog tzsigzeov s\r\ Klsaqyoj. 9. Tovzo 8* 
inoist ex zov yaXsnbg sheet- Kal ydo bqav czvyvbg rjv xai zy 
(pawrj zqayvg ' ixoXa^i zs dsl loyvqcog, xai doyfj ivlozs, cogzs xai 
avzqj fiEzapiiXeiv EGxf oze. Kal yvcofxri ds ixoXa^sv ' dxoXdazov 
ydq azQazEVfiazog ovdsv rjyslzo ocpsXog sivai. 10. 'AXXd xai Xsysiv 
avzbv scpacrav cog dsoi zov Gzoazicoz7]v qpofisiGd'ai fidXXov zbv doyovza, 
r\ zovg TToXtpiovg, ei jie'XXoi tj cpvXaxdg qjvXd^siv r\ qi'Xcov aqjE^Ea-cJai 
?} d7TQOcpaoic?zcag Uvai Ttqbg zovg TzoXspiovg. 11. 'Ev fjtlv ovv 
zolg dsivoig ydsXov avzov axovsiv Gyodoa xai ovx dXXov ijqovvzo 
ol azQazicozca. Kal ydo zb azvyvbv zozs cpaidQov avzov iv zoig 
noogconoig scpaaav cpaivEodai xai zb yaXsnov eqqco(isvov nqbg zovg 

TToXEfAlOVg tdoXEl ElVai' C067E OCOZYiQlOV XCU OVXEZl yaXE7IOV ECfaiVEZO' 

12. "Oze tf s£co zov dsivov yevoivzo xai i^Eir] nqbg dXXovg doyo- 
pivovg aTTitvai, noXXol avzbv dnsXEinov ' zb ydo EnlyaQi ovx sr/sv, 
dXXa azl yaXsnbg l\v xai cofiog ' cogzs disxsivzo Ttqbg avzbv ol 
ozgazicozai cognsq naldsg TZQog diddaxaXov. 13. Kal ydo ovv 
cpiXlci fisv xai Evvoict S7ZOfAEvovg ovdsnoz stysv ' olzivsg ds ij vnb 
TtoXscog zEzay\i(voi r\ vnb zov dtladai § dXXr, zivl dvdyxr[ xazsyo- 
fxsvoi naQEiTjaav avzco, ocpodqa nsi&opEvoig syqqzo. 14. 'Ensidq ds 



L 1 B. 1 1. C A P. V 1 . 57 

xal rjq^avzo vixav gvv avzcp zovg nolsfxiovg, %8r] fisydla i]v ra, 
yqrjGi(iovg noiovvta sivai tovg gvv av7cp Gzqazicozag to ze yaq 
TiQog zovg Tzols^iiovg -&aQqalscog e%eiv naqqv xal zb zrjv naq exei- 
vov 7i.pa)Qiav cpofisiG&ai avzovg evzdxzovg moist. 15. Toiovzog 
filv d/j dqycov r\v ' dq%8G&ai d* vnb dllcov ov \idla i&sksip iltyezo. 
7 Hv 8s, 6z8 ETElsvra, dpcpl zd 7T£V7rjxov7a sztj. 

16. Ilqo^Evog 8s 6 Boiconog ev-fivg pev ysiqaxiov cov E7Te&vjaei 
yevsG&ai dvr)q 7& fisydla nqdazsiv ixavog ' xal did 7av7r\v zjjp 
im&vftifcv sdcoxE roqyia dqyvqiov rw Asov7ivcp. 17. 'Ensl 8s 
GvvsysvEzo ixsivco, ixavbg vo^ilaag rfir] sivai xal aqysw xal (filog 
wv zoig nqcozoig prf rjzzaG&ai EvsqyEzcov, yl-dsv sic zavzag zdg gvv 
Kvqco nqd^sig ' xal coezo xzijGEG&ai ex zovzcov ovofict \ilya xal 
bvvafjav (Asydltjv xal %qr]{iaza nolld. 18. Togovzcov 8* im&vncov 
acp68qa Ev8f]Xov av xal 70V70 siysv 07i zomcov ov8sv dv &sloi 
X7aa&ai (iszd dSsxiag, alia avv zco dtxaicp xal xalcp cps7o 8eiv 
7ovzarv 7vyydvsiv, dvEV 8s zovzcov [ty. 19. "Aqysw 8s xalcov \i\v 
xal dya&cov Svvazbg r t v ' ov \itvzoi ov7 ai8co zoig G7qa7ico7aig sav- 
zov ovzs cpofiov ixavbg iftTzoitJGai, dlld xal ^GyyvE70 \idllov 70vg 
Gzqazico7ag rj oi dqyofxsvoi exeivov' xal qjofiovfiEvog \idllov i\v 
cpavsqbg zb dnsy&dvsGdai zoig Grqazicazaig ?} oi Gzqaziwzai zb 
aniGZEiv zxEivtx). 20. ' fliszo 8s dqxsTv nqbg zb aqyixbv sivai xai 
Ioxeiv zbv \isv xalcog noiovvza STtawsTv, zbv 8s a8ixovv7a [trj 
snaivsiv. Toiyaqovv avzco oi psv xaloi ts xdya&ol 7cov gvvov7(ov 
svvoi t]Gav, oi 8 a8ixoi Enefiovlsvov cog EV(XE7ayEiqiG7cp bv7i. e ' O7& 
8s ani#vi]GXEVi rjv E7cov cog 7qidxovra. 

21. Mtvcov 8s 6 0E77albg 8?jlog r\v im&vficov fuv tt1ov7eTv 
iGivqcog, imftviicov 8s aq%Eiv, oncog nlsico la^dvoi ' im&vfjiwv 8s 
zifxaG&ai, iva nlsico xsqSaivoi ' epilog 7 e^ovIe7o sivai 7oig \ii- 
yiG7a 8vva[AEvotg, Iva dSixcov pi] 81801?] Sixrjv. 22. 'Em 8s 70 xa- 
zsqydXtG&ai cov Em&vfioit] GW70 i ucozd77]v coszo 68bv sivai 8id 7ov 
smoqxEiv ze xal \p£v8sG&ai xal E^,ana7ctv' to 8s dnlovv xal to 
dlrjdsg Evofii^e to avzb tq5 rjli&ao sivai. 23. 27sqycov 8s cpavs- 
qbg psv l\v ov8b'va, 07co 8s cpait] epilog sivai, 70V7co sv8t]log syiyvsto 
imftovlsvcov. Kal nols\iiov \isv ovSsvbg xa7sysla, 7cov 8s gvvov- 
rcov 7tdv7cov cog xazayslcov dsl 8isliyszo. 24. Kai zoig fisv zcov 
nolsfxicov xzrjfiaaiv ovx ette^ovIevs * yalsnbv ydq cyszo sivai ra 



58 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

rcov cpvXazzo\i(vcov Xan$dvsiv ' ra ds rcov cpiXcov fiovog cpezo 
eldsvai qaazov ov dcpvXaxza Xaufydvsiv. 25. Kal ocovg \ilv 
aladdvoizo smoQxovg xal ddixovg, cog ev cbriXi<5\iivovg iqo- 
fisizo ' zoig d* boioig xai dXrj&siav dcxovaiv cog avdvdQoig 
znuQCLTo yotjatfai. 26. "Qgnsq ds rig aydXXszai im \)to- 
Gsftsia xal dhj&tla xal dixaiozrjzi, ovzco Msvcov ifldXXszo rep 
i^anazctv dvvaadai, zoj nXdaaaftcu ipsvdJj, rep cplXovg diaysXav' 
rbv ds fit] navovqyov zcov anaidsvzcov dtl ivb\iiC,sv slvai. Kal naq 
oig (Atv iiiefisiQei ttqcozeveiv tpiXifc, dtafidXXcov zovg nqcozovg, zov- 
rovg cpezo dsiv xzi;aa6\)ai. 27. To ds nei&opevovg zovg azgazi- 
cozag TtaQsjead'ai ix zov crvvadixEiv avzotg ifirjyavdro. TifxaGxtai 
ds xal &EQa7T£vsa&ai rj'Siov inidEixvvpEvog ozi nXsicza dvvaizo xal 
i&iXoi dv ddixsiv. Evsoysciav ds xazslsysv, bnbzs rig avzov 
dcpiazaizo, ozi yj)c6 t u£vog avzcp ovx dncoXsasv avzov. 28. Km zct 
(xsv d)] dcpavij s^sazi nsol avzov \psvdsa&ai ' a ds ndvzsg iaaai 9 
raff iazi UaQ(\ \4qiGzi7tncp \isv Izi ooqaTog coV azQaz^ysTv dis- 
nqd^azo zcov ^sveov ' '^Qiai'cp ds ficiQfidocp bvzi, ozi psiQaxioig xa- 
Xolg ijdszo, olxEiozazog szi coQcuog cov iysvszo ' avzbg ds aaidixcc 
elye Oaovrzav, dysvsiog cov ysvsixovza. 29. ^tto&vtjcjxovzcov ds 
rcov cvGTQazrjycov, ozi, iazQcizsvaav inl fiaaiXta avv Kvqoi, rav- 
rd 7T£7T0i?]xcog ovx antdavs ' fiszd ds zov zcov dXXcov ddvazov 
OZQazrjycov, zificoQijd'tig vnb fiaaiXscog dns&avsv, ovy cognsq KXsag- 
yog xal ol dXXoi azQazrjyol anoz\ir\#ivz£g zdg xsqiaXdg, bgnsq 
zdyiarog -tJdvafog doxsl slvai, dXXd £,cov aixiadslg iviavzbv cog 
novriQog Xsyszai z7jg zsXsvz^g zvysxv. 

30. *Ayiag ds b \4oxdg xcu JLcoxgdzyg b *Ayaibg xal zovzco 
aTZE&avEzrjv. Tovzcov ds ovdslg ov& cog sv 7ioXs'f.icp xaxcov xaze- 
ysXa ovz ig cpiliav avzovg s[isfj,q}Ezo ' ij&zrjv rs dficpco dpcpl zerra- 
qdxovza hrj dnb ysvsdg* 



LIB. III. CAP. L 59 

ZEN0&S2NT02 
KTPOT ANABAZE&Z r\ 



CAP. I. 

1. " 01lA\isv d\ iv z\ dvafidaei zrj \iszk Kvqov ol EXXrjvsg 
hnqa^av pz'xQi zyg ft&XtfG* xfi ^ oaa * nH KvQ°G izsXsvzriGsv iyivezo, 
it-moviasv tcov c EXXtjvcov gvv TiGGacpiqvst, iv zaig Gnovdatg. iv zqj 
nqoGdsv Xoycp dsdijXmzcu. 2. 'Ens\ ds ol zs Gzqazyyol GvvsiXruifii- 
t>oi i\gvlv xai zav Xoyaywv xai zav Gzqazicozav ol GvvsnoyLSvoi 
arzoXaXsGav, iv 7ToXXrj Sq afooqiw i\Gav oV'EXX^vsg, iv&vftovpsvoi 
fisv on im zaig paGiXt'cog &vqaig tjGav, xvxXcp d' avzoig Ttavzrj noXXa. 
xa\ s-d'vt] xai no7.sig noXifiiai qGav, dyoqav ds ovdetg szi mxqs^eiv 
(■fisXXev, dnslyov ds z7 L g 'EXXddog nXsov rj fAvqia Gzddta, rjysimv d* 
ovds\g zljg odov tjv, noza\io\ ds disTqyov ddidfiazoi iv fisGqi zrjg 
or/.ads odov, ftqovdedcoxsGav ds avzovg xai ol gvv Kvqcp dvaftdvisg 
ftdnfiaooi, fiovoi ds xazaXsXsi\i\isvoi ijGav ovds Inrtsa ovde'va gv(a,- 
payov syovzsg ' cogz svdrp.ov i\v on nxcovzsg fiev ovd' av eva 
xazaxaivoisv, 7jzrii&ivz(av ds avzwv ovdslg av Xsicp-d-siTj. 3. 
Tavza ivvoovfisvoi xai d&v^ojg syovzsg bXiyoi y.sv avzav rig 
z\v sGnsqav gizov iysvGavzo, bXiyoi ds nvq avsxavGav, im ds za 
onXa noXXoi ovx ijXdov zavzijv zrjv vvxza, dvsnavovzo ds otzov 
izvyyavsv sxaGzog, ov dwd^svoi xadsvdsiv vnb Xvmjg xai tzo&ov 
nazqldojv, yovswv, yvvaixcov, naidmv, ovg ovnozs ivopi^ov ezi 
otySG&ai. Ovzco psv dq diaxsiusvoi ndvzsg dvsnavovzo. 

4. 7 Hp ds zig iv zy Gzqazia Zsvoyav 'A&qvaiog, og ovzs 
Gzqctzijyog, ovze Xoyaybg ovzs Gzqazicoztjg oiv GvvqxoXov&si, dXXd 
Ilqotsvog avzbv iiEzsni^'ipazo orxo&sv, %s'vog <hv dqyaTog ' vm- 
Gyveizo ds avzcjj, ei sX&oi, cpiXov Kvqcp noi^Gsiv ■ ov avzbg scp?] 
xqsizza iavzqj vopi&iv zrjg nazqldog. 5. '0 fiivzoi Eevocpoov, 
dvayvovg z\v imatoXtjv, avaxoivovtcu Zcoxqdzei rep 'Ad-qvat'cp 



60 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

neol ztjg nooeiag Kal 6 ^coxodzrjg, imonTevnag \ir\ 11 nqcg Tig 
noXeoog oi vnaiziov eiTj Kvqco cplXov yeve'o&ai, {ozi edoxei c Kiqog 
TiQO&vpcog ToTg ytaxedatpovloig enl tag ^Adqvag av^TioXe^oai,) 
cv^ovXevei tw Etvocpcovzi eXdovza tig /JeXcpovg dvaxoivwaai 
too dew neol trig noqelag. 6. 'EXOwv de 6 Eevoqwv enf^ero tov 
"AnoXXm tivi av &ewv dvcov xou ev^ofievog xdXXiaza xai iiQiaza 
eX&oi itjv odbv i]v enivoel xal xaXag nqd^ag owdeiij. Kal dveiXev 
uvTcp 6 'AnoXXwv -&eoXg oig edei dvetv. 7. 'Enel de ndXiv i t Xde t 
Xeyei z)]v fiavzeiav zw JLcoxodzei. '0 8' dxovaag r^zidzo avzov ore 
ov tovto nocozov ijowza, nozeoov Xopov en] avzqj noneveodai ?] 
pe'veiv, a)X avzbg xgivag Izeov elvai zovzo envvddvezo, onojg av 
xaXXiaza nogevdeirj. ' Enel \ievzoi ovzcog i^ov, zavz , eqt] y ygtj 
noieXv baa 6 <&ebg exeXevaev. 8. fiev drj Eevoqwv ovzw ftvod- 
fievog oig dveiXev 6 fiebg e^enXei, xal xazaXafrfdvei ev Zdgdeat 
Iloo^evov xal Kvqov [leXXovzag ijdrj bojiav tz\v area bdov ' xai cvv- 
eazd&t] Kvqco. 9. nQO&v/aovfxtvov de zov Tlgo^evov xal 6 Kvgog 
6V[a.7Tqov&v[a.eTzo fieXvai avzov ' elne de ozi eneiddv zdytaza y\ 
czgazeia Xq^rj, evdvg anone^xpei avzov. 'EXtyezo de 6 ozoXog 
ehai elg Fleta'dag. 

10. 'Eazgarevezo fiev dt] ovzcog e^anazydelg oi>% vnb tov 
IJgoie'vov * ov yao fidei zi]v em fiaoiXz'a OQfxijv, old 3 dXXog oidelg 
twv 'EXXrjvcov fi)J]v KXedgyov ' enel pevzoi elg KiXixiav yXdov, 
aaqeg naaiv ^drj idoxei, ehai bzi 6 azoXog ertj en) ^aatXea. &o[lov- 
[xevoi de z)\v odbv xal dxovzeg bpag oi noXXol 81 ala^vvrjv xal aXXtj- 
Xcov xai Kvqov 6vvi]xoXov&7]oav ' cov eig xal Eevoqioov \v. 11. 'Enel ^ 
dnoQia i/v, eXvneizo uev ovv zoig dXXoig a at ovx edvvazo xa&evdeiv ' 
[mxqov de vnvov Xa%a)v eidev bvag. "Edo^ev avzcp ^Qovzrjg yevo(xe- 
vyg axi]7zzbg neaelv elg z?jv nazqwav olxiav, xal ex zovzov Xd\ine- 
6-0 ai naoav. 12. Ilegiyofiog d' evxlvg dv?]ye'o&r], xal zb ovag wq 
[iev exotvev dyadbv, ozi ev novoig tov xai xivdvvoig cpcog pieya ex 
Aibg Idelv edo^e ' nij de xal eqofieizo, ozi anb Aibg \iev fiamXewg 
to bvao edoxei avzco ehai, xvxXoj 5' edoxei XafATieoftai to nvo, firj 
ov dvvaizo ex zqg ywqag e£eX-&eiv zyg ftaaiXecog, dXX etgyoizo ndv- 
zo&ev vtzo zivcov UTIOQIWV. 

13. c Onolov ti yevTOi ecTi to toiovtov ovaq Ideiv ei,eGTi 
GxoTieTv ex Tav ovpftavzcov fieza zb ovaq. riyveTai ydo Tade. 



LIB. III. CAP. I. 61 

Evdvg ETTSidt] av-rjysQxrq, tzqcozov fisv svvoia avzcp s\i7zinz£i ' Tl 
xazdxEipai ; r) 8s vi)% noofiaivsi ' d\ia 8s r J yptQK efatbg zovg no- 
ls(xiovg ifesiv. El 8 s ytvqaope&a im fiuatXsi, zi fynodcnv f.iq ovyl 
ndvza (tev za yalsncozaza imdovzag, ndvza 8s za 8siv6zaza na- 
ftovzag vfiof^o[izvovg dnoSavslv ; 14. "Oncog 8s a^vvov^sOa 
oiSslg naoaGxsvd&zai old* EnifLslsTzai, alia xazaxsifXExra cognso 
stbv TjGvyiav aysiv. 'Eycb ovv zbv in noiag nolscog Gzoaz^ybv 
noog8oxco zavza noa^siv ; noiav 8' ijlixiav s'juavzco ilOstv drafitico ; 
ov ydn sycoy hi nosGpvzEQog sGopai, lav z)]{ieqov noo8co hfxavzbv 
zolg Tzoltfit'oig. 15. 'Ex zovzov dviGzazai xal avyxalti zovg 
TIqo^evov nocozov lo%ayovg. 'Ensl 8s gw/jIOov, eIeZev ' ' Eyco, co 
dv8o£g lo%ayol, ouzs xa&svStiv dvvafiafo cognso ol\iai ovft vfisig, 
ovzs xazaxsiGxrai hi, bocbv ev oioig eg(jisv. 16. 01 {isv yao 8q 
noltfiioi 8qlov ozi ov tzqozsqov nobg ?]fiag zbv 7i6ls\xov E^scptivav 
tzqIv ivbfxiGav xalcog za savzcov naoEGXEvaGilca ' r]fxcov ft ov8tlg 
ov8sv dvzEmpslsizai bncog cog xdlliGza dycoviovfis&a 17. Kal 
firjv si vcprjGOfiE&a xal inl ^aailtiysvrjcjo^s&a, zi oiops&a nsiGEG&ai ; 
og xal zov oftoftyzoiov xal b^onazgiov d8tlcpov xai zsdvrjxozog 
?{8r] dnozsficbv zryv xscpaVtjv xal z)]V ysioa avEGzavQcoGEV ' r'jfidg 8s, 
olg xrj8s(icov fA.sv ov8slg ndosGziv, EGzoazEVGaiisv ft in avzbv cog 
Sovlov dvzi (jaailtcog noi)']GOvzsg xai dnoxzsvovvzsg, si 8vvai{A.s&a, 
zi dv oi6(j.s&a nadslv ; 18. 7 Aq ovx dv ml rzdv sldoi, cog ijfidg 
zu soyaza, aixiadf.iEvog ndaiv avdoconoig cpofiov naqaG^oi zov Gzoa- 
zsvaai ttoze In avzov ; 'AlX 07zcog zoi firj iri ixsivcp yEvrjGOfXE&a, 
Ttdvza 7Z0UJZS0V. 19. 'Eyw [isv ovv, sgzs fisv at 6nov8ai r/6av, 
0V7Z0ZE E7zav6fA.r]v fydg fisv oixzEiQcov, fiaailta 8s xai zovg avv 
avzo) paxaQiZodv, 8ia#£<aixEvog avzcov oaiyv \isv ycooav xal oiav 
'iyoiEv, cog 8s d(p&ova za imzrjdEia, baovg 8s ftsovLTiovzag, baa 8s 
y.zrjvi], iQvabv 8s, EG&Jjza 8s' 20. za ft av zcov Gzoazicozeov onozs 
Evd'Vfioiixijv, ozi zcov [isv dya-iJcov Tzdvzcov ovSsvbg fjpiv fxezeirj, si fir] 
7ZQiai[A,E&a, ozov 8s covqcjopsd-a rfisiv hi bliyovg syovzag, allcog 
8s ncog nooi'C.EGtyai zd smzrfisia tj covovfxs'vovg OQxovg i]8rj xazsyov- 
zag i)iA,dg' zavz ovv loyit,6^iEvog, sviozs zag anov8ag \idllov icpo- 
fiovfDjv 7] vvv zbv nbls^iov \ 21. 'EtzeI [is'vzoi exeivoi slvaav zag gtzov- 
8ag, IslvG&ai pot Soxsixal r) exeivcov vfiqig xal rj ij^iEzsqa vnoxpia. 'Ev 

6 



62 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

[iiacp yaq tfdq xsizai zavza zd dyad a ddla, bnozsqoi dv rj^cov 
dvdqsg dfAEivovsg claiv ' dycovo&szai d' ol &eoi elaiv, o'i avv fair, 
cog rb slxog, saovzai. 22. Ovzoi fisv yaq avzovg imcoqxijxaaiv . 
?jfA.aig ds, nolld bqcovzsg dya&d, azsqqcbg avzcov dnEi)[6f4,£da did 
zovg zcov dscov oqxovg ' eagre i^slval \ioi doxsi Isvai inl zbv dycova 
nolv avv cfqovijftazi psl^ovi ?) zovzoig. 23. "Ezi ds fyofisv acopaza 
Ixavcozsqa zovzcov xai tyvyri xal tidlni] xal novovg cfiquv ' t%o{i£v 
ds xal \pv%dg avv zoig fteolg dpsivovag * ol ds avSosg xal zqcozol 
xal frvyzol pallor rjpcov, rjv ol &sol cogn£q to nqoa&£V vixt\v ri\iTv 
didcoaiv. 24. "Alt tacog yaq xal allot zavza iv&vfjiovvzai, nqbg 
zcov -&scov fi?] dvapsv co (Jisv allovg icp ^tag il&slv naqaxalovvzag 
ini zd xdlliara soya, dlX fysig dq^cofAEv zov i^ogpijaai xal zoig 
allovg inl zr\v dq£zijv. tydvyzs zcov lo%aycov dqiaroi xal zcov 
azqazrjycov dhoazqazrjyozsqoi. 25. Kayco ds, ei {jlsv vpslg i&t'lEZS 
i^OQfiav inl zavza, snsadai v\iiv $ovlo\iai ' d ds vfxsig zdzzszi 
H-E rjysTcjd-ai, ovdsv nqocpaai&pat zijv ijlixlav, dllc: xal dxfid^eiv 
qyov/xai iqvxsiv an ifiavzov zd xaxd. 

26. f O filv zavza sls^sv, ol ds lo%ayo), axovaavzeg zavza 
TjyElo&ai ixslsvov dnavzsg. FLItjv 'Anollcovidrjg zig rjv fiotcozid^cov 
Z7} cpcovri ' ovzog d' sinsv bzi cplvaqoirj ogzig liyoi allcog ncog acozr\- 
qiag av zvyslv tj fiaailsa ndaag, ei dvvaizo ' xai a\ia rjq%Ezo liyetv 
zdg dnooiag. 27. ' [aevtoi Esvocpcov f/sza^v vnolaftcov eIe<~ev 
cods ' 7 Q -fravfiaoicozazE dv&ocons, av ye old' oqcov yiyvcoaxsig ovef 
dxovcov [ttpivrjGai,. 'Ev zavzco ys \isvzoi rja&a zovzoig ozs {taailshg, 
insl Kvoog dne&avs, \iiya cpQOv^aag inl zovzcp ni\incov ixt'lEvs 
naoadidovai zd onla. 28. - ' Ensl ds rtfi&ig ov naqadovzsg, all' 
i^wnltapsvoi ilftovzsg naqsaxrivriaa\iEv avzw, zi ovx inoirjas ngs- 
afisig nifincov xal anovdag aizcov xal naQs^cov zd inizridsia, kgzs 
anovdeov szvysv ; 29. 'Ensl d* av arqazr^ol xal loyayoi, cognsq drj 
av xslsvstg, elg Xoyovg avzoig avsv onlcov rfl&ov niazevaavzsg zaTg 
anovdaTg, ov vvv ixslvoi naio^evoi, xsvzovfisvoi, vfioi^opevoi, ovo 
dno&avsiv ol rlrjixovsg dvvavzai ; xal pdX oljiai iomvzsg zovzov * 
a av ndvza sidebg zovg psv aiivvsa&ai xslsvovzag cplvaoeiv cpyg, 
nsi&Eiv ds ndliv xslsvEig lovzag. 30. *E\iol ds, co avdqsg, doxsi 
zbv dv&qconov zovzov \ir\zs nqoglsa&ai eig zavzo i\\uv avzoig acpz- 



LIB. III. CAP. I. 63 

Xofisvovg 78 Tt\v Xoyaylav gxev?] d.vadivzag cog zoiovzrp iQ~ja&ai x 
OuTog yap xal ztjv nazoi8a xazaiGjvvsi xal naaav zr\v 'EXXd8a, 

OZI "EXXtJV COV TOIOVTOg 86ZIV. 

31. 'Evzev&ev imoXaftcov 'AyaGiag ^zvficpdXiog slnsv 'AXXa 
zovzco ys ouzs z?jg Boicozlag TTQogrjXEi ov8sv ovzs zrjg 'EXXddog 
navrdnaaiV snsl iyco avzbv tlSov cogrzEQ Av8bv diicpozEpa zd coza 
z8ZQV7irjiA.ivov. 32. Kal si/sv ovzeog. Tovzov [i£v ovv oLTz/jXaaav ' 
oi 8' dXXoi napd rag zdtsig I6vz8g onov fiev Gzpazrjybg ocoog sit] 
zbv GTQaziffbv napsxdXovv ' ottoQev 8s oi'yoizo zbv vTioGzpazriyov' 
orzov 8' av Xoyaybg ejeoog sirj zbv Xoyayov. 33. ' Erie] 8s ndvzsg gw- 
tfX&ov, sig zb tzqog&ev zcov ottXcov sxadt%ovzo • xal sysvovzo ol 
GvrsXO-ovzsg Gzpazyyol xal Xoyayol dfiyl zovg ixazov. Oze ds 
zavza ijv g/s8ov ptaai ycrav vvxzsg. 34. 'Evzavda ( Ispcovvpog 
'HXtiog 7tQ8x>ftvzazog cov zcov IJqo^svov Xo%aycov i]Qyszo Xs'ystv cods' 
'Ufxlv, co didosg Gzpazrjyol xal Xo%ayol, oqcogi zd napovza sdo^s xal 
avzotg gweX&elv xai vfutg napaxaXsGai, ortcog ftavXsvGai{isda si 
zi dwai'ftsd-a dya&ov. As%ov 8\ tcpt], xal <jv, co Asvocpcov, dnso 
xai TtQog rjudg. 

35. 'Ex zovzov Xtysi zdds Esvotpcov ' 'AXXd zavza (aev 8rj ndv- 
tsg imGzdfisOa ozi §aGiXsvg xal TiGGacpsQVfjg ovg ph idvvrj&qaav 
Gvvsih]cpaGiv ?j(icov ' zoig 8' dXXoig 8r;Xov ozi etti^ovXevovgiv, cog rjv 
dvvcovzai aTZoXtGcoGiv. 'Hfxiv 8s y olucu ndvza nont\zsa cog \jly\tioz 
snl zoig ftapfidpoig yerc6[i£&a, dXXa udXXov rjv 8vvc6[A,£&a ixsivot 
icp r { (xTv. 36. Ev zofvvv sniGzaGfts ozi vfitig zogovzoi ovzsg ogoi 
vvv GvvEXrjXv&azE fisyiGzov syEzs xaipov. Ol ydg Gzqaiicozai ov- 
zoi ndvzsg Ttqbg vpag dno^XsnovGi ' xdv fisv vy.dg oqcogiv d&v- 
wivzag, ndvzsg xaxol sGovzai' rjv 8s vjAsTg avzol zs naoaGXEva- 
^ofAEvoi yavEQol rjzs ml zovg TzoXspiovg xal zovg aXXovg TraoaxaXrjzs, 
ev igze ozi eipovzai v\iiv xai nsiqaGovzai fii^ELGd'ai. 37. "iGcog 8b 
rot xal Stxaiov Igziv v\idg diacpsosw zi zovzeov. 'Tpsig ydo sgzs 
Gzpazrjyol, vfisTg zah'aQ^oi xai Xo%ayoi' xal oze EiQtjvt] tjv vfxsig 
xal yg?]fiaGi xal 7ijia7g 7ovzcov ettXeovexzeize ' xal vvv zoivvv, etieI 
TioXspog sGziv, d^iovv 8ei vfxag amovg ctfisivovg zs 70v nMj&ovg 
slvai xai TTQofiovXsvEiv zovzeov xai ttqotzoveTv, rjv nov 8sr[. 38. 
Kal vvv ttqcozov fisv oiojiai av vfidg fiEya ovlJGai zb G7odzEv\ia, si 
snitiEXri&£lr[7z oncog dvzl zcov dnoXcoXozcov cog zd/iGza Gtoazrjyol 



64 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

xal Xo%ayol avzixaraGTadcoGiv. "Avsv ydq dqyovTcov ov8sv av ovtn 
xaXov ovts dyadov ysvoiTo, cog ysv gvveXovti slnslv, ovdafiov ' ir 
8s drj Toig TzolsfuxoTg navTanaGiv. H fisv yaq evta<*ia cco&it 
8oxsT, r\ 8s ataxia noXXovg %8-r] anoXcoXsxsv . 39. 'EffEiSdv 8s 
xara(jzr{6?i6&e zovg aq%oviag oGovg 8ei, rjv xal rovg dXXovg GTqa- 
Ticozag GvXXsyrjTS xal 7raoa&aqqvv7]TE, olfiou av vpag ndvv iv xai- 
qw Ttoiijaai. 40. Nvv fusv ydq iGcog xal vfislg ala&dvea&e cog 
ddvfxcog fisv ?jX&ov im roc onXa, a&vficog 8s nqbg tag cpvXaxdg ' 
cogis ovzco ys i%6vTcov ovx ol8a o ti dv rig %qrJGai70 avtoig sits vv- 
yahg 8ioi ti sits xal r>(jLsqag. 41. *Uv 8s Tig avTcov tqsxprj Tag 
yvcoyag, cog prj tovto fiovov ivvocovzai ti nsiGOVTai dXXa xal ti 

nOUjGOVGl, TZoXv EvdvfJlOTEQOl EGOVtai. 42. 'E7TlGTaG&£ yCCQ 8lj7ZOV 

on ovts nXrftog Igtiv ovts iGyyg rj iv tco 7toXs(jao zdg vixag noi- 
ovGa ' aXX ouoteqoi av gvv Tolg &solg zalg ipv%aTg iQqcofxsvsGTEqoi 
t cog iv im Tovg noXsfJiiovg, TovTovg cog im to tzoXv ol ivavTioi ov 
8i%ovTai. 43. 'EvTEdvfMjiAai 8' sycoys, to dv8qsg, xal tovto oti 
bnoGoi \isv [xaGTEvovGi t,\jv ix navrbg zqonov iv ToTg 7ioX£[UxoTg, ovtoi 
fxsv xaxcog TExai aiG^qcog cog im to tzoXv dno&vriGxovGiv ' 6tt6goi8s 
tov yCsv ftavaTov iyvcoxctGi nam xoivbv slvai xal dvayxaiov avfiqconoig, 
nsql 8s tov xaXcog ano&vrfixsiv dycovi^ovTat, Tovzovg oqco (xdXXov 
ncog Eig to ytjqag dcpixvovpsvovg, xal, tcog av t,coGiv, sv8aifiovsGTE- 
qov 8idyovTag. 44. A xal rjydg 8si vvv xaTapa&ovTag, iv toi- 
ovTcp ydq xaiqco iGpsv, avTovg ts dvSqag dya&ovg shai xal Tovg 
dXXovg naqaxaXslv. '0 fxsv Tavi sincov inavGaTO. 

45. Metcc 8s tovtov eItie XsiqiGocpog ' *AXXa nqoG&sv [tsv, co 

EsVOCpCOV, TOGOVTOV \l6vOV GE iytyVCOGXOV OGOV 7]X0V0V '/4&t]vaTov 

Eivai ' vvv 8s xal inaivco ge, icp oig Xh'ysig ts xal nqaTTEig xal 
^ovXoi{ii]v av oti TiXsiGTOvg slvai TOiovTOvg ' xoivbv yaq av scf] to 
clya&ov. 46. Kal vvv, scpy, {xi] \isXXco\isv, co dv8qsg, aXX dnsX- 
Sovrsg rj8t] alqsiG&s ol Ssopsvoi aq%ovTag, xal sXofisvoi t\xete slg to 
ycEGOv tov GTqaT07ts8ov xal Tovg aiqs&svTag ayETS' eneita ixsT 
GvyxaXovfJisv Tovg dXXovg GrqaTicozag' naqsGTCo 8' r^iiv, Eyy, xal 
ToXfiiSrjg 6 xrjqv^. 47. Kal dfxa TavTa sincov dvsGTrj, cog [iij 
fjisXXoiTO dXXa nsqalvoiTO to. Siovza. 'Ex tovtov rjqs-O'rjGav dqypv- 
Tsg dvzl fxsv KXsdq%ov Tiy.aGicov /Iaq8avsvg, dvTi 8s Zcoxqd- 
rovg Aav&ixXfjg 'Axcubg, dvtl 8s 'Ayiov KXsdvooq 'Aqxdg, 



LIB. III. CAP. II. 65 

dvzl ds Msvcovog (iHlfoiog Ayatbg, dvzl ds TIqo^svov Zsvocpcov 
'AOijvalog. 



CAP. II. 

1. 'Ensi ds rjpijvrd, fysQa is Gysdbv imscpatrs xal slg zb \isgov 
rjxov ol dqyovzsg, xal sdo^sv avzotg Tiqocpvlaxag xazaGzrjGavzag Gvy- 
xalstv zovg Gzqaztcozag. 'Erzsl ds xal ol allot Gzqaztcozat Gvvrfk- 
&ov, dvsGzi] nqcozov [xsv XstqtGocpog 6 Aaxsdaifxovtog yai sls^sp 
ads' 2. ~'il ctvdpsg Gzqaztcozat, yalsnd ph za naqovza, otzozs 
dvdqcov Gzpuzr i yaj.p zotovzcov Gzsqo^sda xal loyaycov xai Gzqaztco- 
zcov ' TiQog 8 tzi xal ol apcpl 'Aviator ol nqoG&sv Gv\i\iayot bvzsg 
nqodsdcoxaGtv rj^idg. 3. ° 0(xcog ds dst sx zcov naqbvzcov dvdqag 
dyadovg re sl&siv xal ^t] vcptSGdat, alloc nsiqaG&ai oncog rjv psv 
dvi'afxs&a xalcog vixcovtsg Gco^cops&a' el ds [ty, alia xalcog ys 
a7Zo&vrjax(auEv, vnoysiotoi ds p]nozs ysvcofis&a ^covzsg zoig nols- 
(xioig. 0'iouai yap dv ruidg zotavza na^stv oicc zovg ey&qovg ol 

■&SOI TZOUJGSiaV. 

4t. ' Em zovzco Klsdvcoq ' Oqyops'vtog avsGzr\ xal sle^ev cods ' 
'AlX bqdzs [isv, co dvdqsg, zrjv fiaGils'cog imoqxiav xal aat'fisiav ' 
Spars ds z)\v TtGGacpsqvovg dntGziav, ogztg Isycov cog yslzcov zs 
s"t] z\g 'Elhxdog xai tzsqi tzIeigzov dv noitjGaizo gcogcu quag, xal 
snl zovzotg avzbg dpoGa? tjfuv, avzbg ds^idg dovg, avzbg i^anazij- 
oag Gvvslufis zovg Gzqazrjyovg, y.al ovds Aia Es'viov ijdsG&ij, dlld, 
Klsdqyoi xal bjxozqdns^og ysvotxsvog avzotg zovzotg s^arzazi]Gag 
zovg avdqag anolcolsxsv. 5. Aqtaiog ds, bv ijpislg i)dslo(xsv fiaGt- 
Isa xadtGzdvai, xal sdcoxafisv y.al sldfiofisv ntGzd p) nqodcoGStv 
dlltjlovg, y.al ovzog ovzs zovg -&sovg dttGag ovze Kvqov zbv zs&vtj- 
xoza aidsG&slg, zifxco^svog \idltGza vtzo Kvqov ^covzog vvv Tzqbg 
zovg ixstvov sy&iGzovg anoGzdg ijtxdg zovg Kvqov cptlovg xaxcog 
nots'iv nstqdzat. 6. Alia zovzovg [isv ol -dsol anoziGatvzo' 
rjudg ds dsi zavza bpcovzag {i/jttozs i^aTzazrj&ljvai szi vnb zovzcov, 
alia [Attyofisvovg cog dv dvvco^isOa xqdztGza zovzo o zi dv doxy 
zotg iJsotg naGystv. 

7. 'Ex zovzov Ssvocpcov dvtGzazai SGzalpsvog stz\ nolsjiov cog 
6* 



66 EXPEDITIOCYRI. 

idvvazo xdXXiGra ' vo\iiC,m\ sirs vixyv didoisv ol dsol, rbv xdXXi. 
gtov xogjiov rco vixav nqsnsiv ' sirs rsXsvrav ds'oi, og&ag e%siv roov 
xaXXiGroov savzbv d^iooGavza iv rovzoig rr\g rsXsvrr\g rvyydvsiv • 
zov Xoyov ds i]Q%£70 (68s ' 8. Tr\v fisv rav fiaoftdooov imoqxiav rs 
xal dniGriav Xsysi KXsdvooo, iniGraG&s ds xal vfisig olfiat. El 
[iev ovv fiovXsvops&a ndXiv avroig did cpiXiag livai, dvdyxrj r^idg 
7zolli]v a&vfiiav s%siv, booovzag xal rovg Gzoarr>yovg, ol did niazsoog 
avzoig savzovg ivs%siniGav, ola nsnovQaGiv ' si \isvzoi diavoovfis&a 
gvv roTg onXoig gov is nsnoirixaGi dixtjv im&sivai avroig xai rb 
7.owbv did navzbg noXifiov avzoig Isvai, gvv roTg &soig noXXa.i 
rjfuv xal xaXal iXnldsg sigI GcozijQiag. 9. Tovzo ds Xiyovrog 
avrov nrdqvvrai rig ' dxovGavrsg ds ol Groarioorai Tidvrsg fiia 
ODfirj 7TQogsxvvr]Gav rbv -ftsov. Kal Zzsvocpcov sins ' Aoxsi fioi, co 
dvdosg, insl nsql Gcorr^iag fjfioov Xsyovzcov oloovbg rov Aibg rov 
J£ojTi]Qog icpdvq, sv£aG&ai rco &scp rovrco &vgsiv GoortjQia onov dv 
ttqgozov slg (filiav %Goqav dcptxooued'a' Gvvsnsv^aG&ai ds xai roTg 
dXXoig tisoig &vgsiv xard dvvafiiv. Kal ozop doxsi ravr , s(pi], 
dvarsivdroo rr\v ysiqa. Kai dvireivav anavrsg. 'Ex rovrov 
sv^avro xal irtaiooviGav. 'Ensl ds id roov dsoov xaXoog siysv, 
i)qyszo ndXiv cods ' 

10. ' Ervy%avov Xt'ycov, ore noXXal xal xaXal iXnldsg r qyXv sisv 
Gcozr^iag. IIqootov fjtsv ydq r^islg [isv ifi7tsdov}.isv rovg rcov ftsoov 
ooxovg, ol ds TZoXs'fiioi IfiicoQxrptaGi zs xal tag Gnovddg xal rovg 
ogxovg XsXvxaGiv. Ovzco d' iftorzcav sly.bg roTg ^isv noXsfAioig Ivav- 
iiovg sivai zovg ftsohg, rjfiTv ds Gvpfidftovg, olnsQ ixavoi sigi xal 
rovg (.isydXovg rayv fiixgovg noislv xal rovg [Aixoovg y.dv iv dsivoig 
ojoi, goo^siv Evftszcog, ozav fiovXcovzai. 1 1. "Ensiza ds, (drafivrJGOJ 
yaQ vfiag xat rovg roov nooyovcov rcov rjfiszs'ocov xtvdvrovg, Iva 
sid/jrs cog dya&oig rs i'niv nQogyyei sivai Goot,ovzai rs gvv roig 
dsoig xalsxTzdvv dsivoovol dya&ol') sX&ovzoov fisvydo Tlsoawv xa\ 
roov gvv avroig naimXrixfti gtoXw oog dcpaviovvzaov av&ig rag *Adi]- 
vag, VTtOGrrjvai • avroig ''Adrpaioi roXfiijGavrsg, Iviv-r^av avrovg. 
12. Kal sv^dfisvoi ry Aozs'fiidi bnoGovg dv xaraxdvotsv roZv 
TZoXsfiioov roGavrag %({iaioag xaza&vGEiv rij &sci>, snsl ovx sfyov 
ixavdg svqsiv, sdogsv avroTg xar iviavrbv nsvraxoGiag dvsiv ' xai 
hi xal vvv aTio&vovaiv. 13 "Ensira ors &sQ%i}g vgzsoov dysiqag 



LIB. III. CAP. II. 67 

tt)v dvaqf&fxrjzov ozqazidv ijI&ev im zr)v ' Elld8a, XCtl ZOZE EVIXCOV 
ol r h usTEQOi nqoyovoi zovg zovzcov nqoyovovg xal xaza yTjv xal Ka- 
ra, ftdlazzav. ' Qv eon }Jtsv ZEXfi/jqia bqav ta zqonaia, \iiyiozov 
os fiaqzvqiov rj ilsvdEqia zav nolscov iv alg vfiEig iyevso&s xal 
izqacpyzs ' ovdiva yaq dv&qconov ftsonozjjv alia zovg dsovg nqog- 

XVVElTE. ToiOVZKtV \IEV ioZE 7TQOy6v(DV. 14. Ob fiSV 8r) ZOVZO yS 

iqoj ag vpeTg xazaioyyvEZE avzovg ' all' ovnco nollal Tjfiiqai ay 
ov dvziza%duEvoi zovzoig zoig ixsivwv ixyovoig nollanlaoiovg 
vficov avzwv ivtxdzs ovv toig ftsoig. 15. Kal zoze fisv 8r) nsql 
ttjg Kvqov fiaoilsiag dvSqsg tjze dya&ol' vvv 6° bnozE nsql 7?jg 
vfisze'qag ocozyqiag 6 dyorv iozi nolv 8r]nov v\iag nqogrjxEi xai 
dfisivovag xal nqodvpozt'qovg Eivai. 16. *jilld \i\v xal ftadqalE- 
mziqovg vvv nqinst sivai nqbg zovg nolEfxlovg. Tote filv yaq 
aneiqoi ovzEg avzcov zo zs nlrj&og dfiEzqov bqcovzeg, Oficog izolfirj- 
oazE ovv tcp nazqiqj yqovi]\iazi Uvai Eig avzovg ' vvv 8\ otioze xal 
nelqav rfir\ e%eze avzav ozi fie'lovoi xal nollanldoioi ovzsg fir) 
d8%£0&ai vfxag, %i hi vfuv nqogrjxEi zovzovg qiofisTo&ai ; 17. Mrfil 

flEVZOl TOVZO flElOV doSrjZE E/EIV El 01 KvqElOl TtqOO&EV OVV TJfllV 

tazzofiEvoi vvv aqjEOZTjxaoiv ' hi yaq ovzoi xaxiovig eiol zcov v(p 
Tjftav rjZTtjftE'vcQv ' ecpEvyov yovv nqbg ixEivovg xazalmovzEg rjfidg. 
Tovg 8e i&ilovzag (pvyrjg aq%Etv nolv xqsizzov ovv rolg nolsfiioig 
zazzofilvovg rj iv zy ?]fx£ZEqa zd$Ei bqav. 18. El 8s rig av vfiav 
d&v/.i£i ozi i\\lvv \ikv ovx Eiolv i7T7T£ig, zolg ds TzolEfiioig nollol Tid- 
qnoiv, iv&vfjiTjd-TjzE ozi ol fivqioi mnEig ovdev alio i] pvqioi eioiv 
av&qaTTOi ' V7zb (isv yaq mnov iv f*d'/rj ovdslg ttcotzozs ovze dq%&Elg 
ovte laxzio&Eig dni&avEV ' ol d' dvdqEg eioiv ol noiovvzEg 6 zi dp 
iv zaig \idyaig yiyvrjrai. 19. Ovxovv zav ys ittttewv nolv fjfiEig 
in docpalEOziqov 6%rj{iazog io^iiv ' ol /nev yaq icp mtzwv xqmavzai 
qiofiovpEvoi oi'/ rjfidg \lovov alia xal zo xazanEOEiv, rjiiEig 8' inl 
zr[Q yy\g §£§rjx6z£g nolv [a.£v io%vqoz£qov naioofisv 'i\v ztg nqogirj, 
nolv 8' hi fxdllov bzov dv fiovlcofiEda 7£v^6fiE&a. ( Evl (ibvco 
nqotjovoiv ol Innug jjftdg - ysvyeiv avzolg doqjaleozEqov ioziv rj 
r t iuv. 20. El 8s 8r) zdg [a.ev fid^ag fiaqqEizs, ozi 8' ovxhi ijfuv 
Tiooaq)t'qvT]g rjy/jOEzai ov8s pttOiXsvg dyoqdv naqs^Ei, zovzo d%d£- 
o&e, oxiyjaovs nozsqov xoelzzov Tiooayigvijv ?jysfi6va i'/EiVy og 
ini§ovl£vcov tjf4.iv cpaveqog ioziv, jjj ovg av fjfiEig dv8qag lafiovzsg 



68 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

TjysTG&ai xeXevco^iev ' dl EiGovzai ozi rjv zi nsql r)\iag dfiaqzdvcoGi, 
nsql zag savzcov ipv%dg xal zd Gcopaza a\iaqzdvovGi. 21. Ta 
6° Emz^dsia nozsqov covsiG&ai xqslzzov ix zrjg ayoqdg r t g ovzo 
7raQ£i%ov hvaqcc fit'zqa noXXov dqyvqiov, fi)]ds zovzo szi fyovzag, r) 
avzovg XapfidvEiv, rjvnsq xqazcopsv, fiizqco xqcops'vovg bnoGco dv 
exaozog fiovXrjzai ; 22. El ds zavza [isv yiyvcoGxszs ozi xqsizzova, 
zovg ds nozafiovg dnoqov vo\iiC,eze shai xal fisydXcog rjytiG&e 
i'£a77azrjdqvai diafidvzsg, GxsxpaG-ds eI dqa zovzo xal \icoqbzazov 
7ZE7ioirjxaGiv ol fidqfiaqoi. IJdvTEg y.sv ydq oi Ttozafiol, r]v xal 
ttqogco zcov nr\ycov dnoqoi cogi, nqo'iovGi nqbg zag nrjag diafiazol 
yiyvovzai ovds zb yovv $qi%ovzsg. 23. El ds [ir^ ol nozafiol 
dioiGovGiv rjy£[A.(ov ze iirjdslg r)^lv cpavsizai, ovcf cog rjfuv ys d&vprjZEOV. 
3 E7UGzd[i£\}a ydq MvGOvg, ovg ovx avfjficov cpaiifttsv fisXziovg slvai, 
o'l fiaGiXscog dxovzog iv zy fiaGiXs'cog %coqct noXXdg ze xal (isydXag 
xal Evdaiftovag noXsig oIxovgiv ■ imGzd[j,£&a ds TlsiGidag cbgavzcog ' 
Avxdovag 8s xal avzol Et'dopsv ozi, iv zoig nsdioig zd iqvpvd xa- 
zaXaftovzsg zrjv zovzov %coqav xaqnovvzai. 24. Kal r)juidg if av 
cpaiTjV sycoys %qr(vai M 7 ™ (potvsqovg sivai ot'xads coqfiijfisvovg, 
dXXd xazaGXEvd^EG&ai cog avzov nov olxiJGOvzag. OJda ydo ozi 
xal MvGoig fiaGiXshg TtoXXovg fisv rjysfiovag av dot'?], noXXovg 8 
av bfirjqovg zov ddoXcog sxmiixpsiv, xal odoTZoirjGEis y dv alzoTg 
xal eI gvv z£&Qinnoig fiovXoivzo anisvai. Kal r\\iXv y dv old* ozi 
ZQigaGfisvog zavza inoisi, si scoqa r)(jidg \iivsiv naqaGxsva'Qonivovg. 
25. *AXXd ydq dt'doixa \ir\ dv anat, fid&cofxsv dqyol £?Jv xal iv 
dy&ovoig fiiozEvsiv, xal Mrficov ds xal ITsqGcov xaXaTg xal [isydXaig 
yvvai^l xal nao&tvoig o^iiXeTv, filj tognsQ ol Xcozoydyoi imXadcopE- 
&a zrig ot'xads odov. 26. Aoxsl ovv fioi slxhg xal dlxatov slvai 
notozov Eig z^v'EXXdda xal nqbg zovg olxslovg nsiQaGd-ai ayixvsiG&ai 
xal irndsT^ai roTg "EXXt^giv ozi sxovzsg nsvovzai, i^bv avzoig zovg vvv 
o'ixoi axXtjoovg noXizsvovzag iv&dds xo/niGaps'vovg nXovGiovg oqkv. 
'AXXd ydo, co avdqsg, ndvza zavza zaya&d dr t Xov ozi zcov xqazovv- 
zcov egzL 27. Tovzo drj dsT Xsysiv ncag dv noosvotfisxra ze cog 
aGqiaXsGzaza xal, si \idysG&ai dsoi, cog xodziGza fiaxoips&a. Tlqco- 
zov {xsv zoivvv, scfij, dox£i[A.oi xazaxavGai zag dfid^ag, dg syofisv ' 
ha \ir\ za &vyrj ?)fxcov Gzqazr\y\, aXXd noQEVcofis&a om\ dv zy 
Gzqazia GvpcpEqri ' Ensiza xal zag Gxijvdg cvyxazaxavcai. Avzai 



LIB. III. CAP. II. 69 

ydo av oylov visv nansyovGiv ayen; GvrcocpElovGi ds ovdsv ovzs Eig 
to fidyEG&ai ovz elg ?b zd imr^dsia ayaiv. 28. "Ezi ds v.ai imv al- 

7.C0V GXEVCOV 7a 7Z£QlZZa d7Zalld$C0[iEV 7ll\v QGVL Ttols^iOV EVSXSV ■/] 
GllCOV l] 710ZC0V t/OflSV ' IVO. Cog TZKElGZOl fXEV fjflCQV EV 70Tg OTzloig 

(Sow, cog lllyiGzoi da GxavocfOQcoot. KQatbvpiEr&v t usv ydo etzi- 
GzaG&E on ndvza dllozoia ' t]v ds xoazcobiEv, Hal zovg TZoXffiiovg 
dsi GxsvocfOQOvg f^uszsoovg voiulisiv. 29. Aoinov uoi eItzeiv qtteq 
y.al fityiGTOV vofii^co thai. ' Oodzs ydo y.al zovg Tzolapiovg on ov 
TTQOGdsv aiavayy.aJv iz6lyu\Gav ngbg r^dg tioIeulov tzqIv zovg Gzoa- 
Ti^yovg r t ucov Gvva'lafiov, vufJLi^ovrsg ovzcov utsv zcov dgyovzcov v.ai 
r d acov nsi&ofxsvcov Ixavovg slvai rjiAag 7ZEQiyavs'o&ai 7cp 7ZolsfiCo' 
laftovzag ds zovg doyovzag dvaoyict dv y.al d.zaiia ivofM^ov rjfiag 
dnolsG&ai. 30. A si ovv nolv \xsv zovg doyovzag smfjiEhEGzaQOig 
yEi-SG&ai zovg vvv zcov ngoG&av, nolv ds zovg dgyousvovg avza- 
y.zozsgovg xcu nai&ofitvovg \idllov -zolg dgyovGi vvv i] ngoG-dsv. 
31. *Hv ds zig o&Ei&fj, tjv \fjt;q}iG^a&s zbv dsi vficov Ivzvyydvovza 
gvv 70) dgyovzi xolaZsiv, ovzcog ol 7ZoIe\uloi tzIeigzov £wevg{ae'voi 
SGOvzai ' z^da ydg 7% ^\iaga {ivgiovg oxpovzai dv-Qr ivbg Kladgyovg 
zovg old* svl amzgixpovzag xaxco alvai. 32. J Alld ydg xai tzequi- 
veiv rfiq coga ' iGcog ydg ol nols^ioi avzi/.a na.gaGOVzai. "Ozco 
ovv zavza doxai xalcog sysiv, ETzr/.vgcoGdzto cog zdyiGza, iva sgyco 
nsgaivrjai. El ds zi alio (jeIziov % zavzr;, zolycdzco yea 6 Idicoz^g 
diduGXEiv • ndvzsg ydg yoivqg Gcozijoiag dsojAsda. 

33. Msza zavza XaioiGoyog eitzev ' IA1X ei \iev zivog dllov 
dsi ngog zovzoig olg sins Eavoqcov, y.al avzr/.a s'SaGzai ttoieTv ' a 
ds vvv sio^xe doy.Ei iioi cog 7ayiGia \br^iGaG§ai dgiGzov Eivai ' y.al 
Qzcp doy.Ei zavza, dvazEivdzco z\v ysTaa. 'AvszEivav anavzEg. 
34. \4vaGzdg ds Tidliv eitze IzEvocpcov J Q dvdosg d/.ovGaza gov 
noogdalv doy.Ei \ioi. A~i\lov bzi nooavEG-Uai rjitdg dsi otzov s^oftsv 
zd imrrjdsia. 'Ay.ovco ds, xcofiag shui y.aldg ov nlslov sr/.oGi 
Gzadicov dnsyovGag. 35. Ov/. av ovv {ravftd^oifu si ol 7To)J{zioi f 
cogTTEQ ol dsilol y.vvsg zovg pav napiovzag dicoy.ovGi ze y.al ddy.rov- 
Giv ijv dvvcovzai, zovg ds dicoy.ovzag cfEvyovGiv, si y.al ovzoi fjfxiv 
aTTiovGiv £7zay.olov&oi£v. 36. "IGcog ovv aGqalaGzaoov r it uTv tzooev- 
sg&ui Tzlatoiov noirfiayiavovg zcov bnlcov, iva 7a GxevocpoQU y.al 
6 nolvg oylog iv dGcpalEGzsQcn J. El ovv vvv dnodEiyftEiri 7iva 



70 EXPEDITIOCYRI. 

Xqtj. rjysiG&ai 7ov nlaiGiov na\ to. tiqogOev xoGfxsTv xal zivag inl 
i<x>v tzIevqcov ixaztQcov slvai zivag tf OTZiGdoqivlaxEiv, ovx dv 
677618 ol TToh'fAioi sldoisv fiovlsvsGd at r^idg 8toi, alloc XQVf 18 ^ 
av svdvg zoig zszay^svoig. 37. Ei fxsv ovv allog rig $slziov ooa, 
dllcog syjzco • ei 8s /nrj, XsioiGoqiog fisv ijyoiro iau&tj xal Aaxs- 
daifAOviog sgzi' too?' 8s tzIevqcov sxaztQcov 8vo zcov nqsG^vzdzcov 
Gzqazijyco E77 ifiEloiG&i]v ' bniGdotyvlaxcopsv 8s rjfitig ol vscozazoi 
syco is xai TifiaGicov zb vvv slvai. 38. To 8s loirwv tjeiqco^ievoi 
zavzrjg ztjg zd&cog, fiovlsvGOfts&a o 7i av asl xqiizigzov Soxoirj 
thai. El 8s ti-g alio oqci fts'lziov, Is^dzco. ' ' Ensl 8s oi>8tig av- 
zslsytv, eItzev ' Oreo 8oxsi zavza, dvazsivdzco %\v yEiqa. 39. "E- 
8o%8 zavza. Nvv zot'wv, sept], dniovzag noislv 8sizd 8s8oyptva ' xal 
ogzig 78 vpoov zovg oixsiovg im&Vfitl I8siv, fiEfivrJGdco dvr;Q dyaOog 
Eivai ' ov ya.Q egziv allcog zovzov zvysXv ' OGzig 7* tijv snidvfis'i, 
TTEiQaG&co vixav ' zcov {isv yaQ vixcovz^ov 70 xazaxaivEiv, zcov 8s 
r\zzcoiVcvcov zb anoftviiGxsiv egzi. Kal si 7ig 8s '^fidzcov ^ l ^ v - 
fisi, xqazsip nstQaGdco" zcov ydq vixcoincov egzi xal zd savzeov 
gcoleiv xal zd zcov ^zzco^evcov lap^ai 



utvsiv. 



CAP. I IT. 

1. Tovzcov Is^dsrzcov dvtG7}]Gav xal dnsldovzsg xazsxaiov 
zag apa^ag xal zag Gxijvdg ' zcov 8s tteqizzcov ozov (aev 8soizo zig 
fxs7s8i8oGuv alhjloig, zd 8s alia Eig zb ttvq eqqitzzovv. Tavza 
noiriGavzsg ?)qigzottoiovvzo. \4oigzotio\ovhevcov 8s avzcov SQ^siai 
MidQidaTTjg gvv InnsvGiv cog ZQidxovza, xal xalsGapsvog zovg 
G7Qazj]yovg tig mijxoov Isysi, co8s ' 2. 'Eyco, co dvSqsg Ellr t vsg, xal 
Kvqm niGiog i t v, cog vpsig iniGzaGds, xal vvv vfxTv svrovg • xal 
fa&ttde Eif.il gvv nolho cpofiqi 8idycov. El ovv booprjv vfxag Gcozy- 
qiov 7i fiovlEvofisvovg, sldoifxi dv TTobg vjxag xal zovg ftsqanovzag 
ndvzag sycov. Astazs ovv nqbg {is zi iv vm syszs cog Tzqbg 
qilov ze xal evvovv xal fiovloy-Evov xoivy gvv v[aiv zov gzoIov 
TiotsiGftai. 3. Bov7.Evo[it'iotg zoig GZQazrjyoTg tdo^ev dnoxolva- 
Gdai zd8s ' (xal slsys XEtoiGoqog ') 'IJpTv 8ox£i y ei fisv zig ia rjpdg 
andvai oi'xaSs, 8ianoQEVEGdai zv t v %c6qav cog dv 8vvc6(isda aGtvs- 
azaza ' rjv 8s zig r t }idg z?jg 68ov a7ioxcol{% dianolspuv 70vrco cog 



LIB. III. CAP. III. 71 

av 8vrc6jnsda xqdziGza. 4. 'Ex zovzov insiqdzo Mt-dqiduztjg 
8i8aGX£iv cog anoqov eirj ^aGtXscog dxovzog GCjoOrjvai. " Evda 8q 
iyiyvooGXEZo ozi vnonsfinzog sit] • xal ydq zcov TiGGacpsqvovg Tig 
olxsicov naqrjxoXov&si niGzscog svsxa. 5. Kal ex zovzov tdoxti 
zoig Gzqazijyolg $iXziov sivai 86yfia noujGaGdai zbv noXspov 
dxijqvxzov sivai sgzs Ivzy noXsfua slsv' 8tsq)&Eiqov ydq nqoGiovzsg 
zovg Gzqazioozag, xal era ys Xo%aybv 8iscpO-siqav A r ixaq%ov "Aqxd- 
8a ' xcu co/ezo dnicov vvxzbg gvv dv&qconoig cog eixogi. 

6. Mezcc zavza dqiGzr'iGavzsg xal 8ia^dvzsg zbv Zdfiazov 
nozc^ubv snoqsvovzo zszayiiivoiza vnoi,vyia xal zbv o%Xov Iv {iegco 
E%ovz£g. Ob noXv 8s nqosXriXv^ozcov avzcov snicpaivszai ndXiv 6 
Mi{rqi8dz?]g, innsag kycov cog diaxoaiovg xal zo'S.ozag xcu Gcpsv8o- 
vi]zag cog zszqaxoGiovg fidXa iXacpqovg xal sv^covovg. 7. Kal 
nqogrjsi {lEV cog epilog cov nqbg zovg "EXXqvag ' etzeI ds syyvg syivszo, 
i^anivqg oi plv avzcov ezo^evov xal innsig xal ns^ol, oi 8' EGcpsv86- 
vcov xal szizqcoGxov. Oi 8' dniG&ocpvXaxsg zcov 'EXXrjvcov 'inasyov 
fisv xaxcog, avzsnoiovv ds ov8ev' oi ze ydq Kqljzsg ffqayvzeqa zcov 
UaqGcov izo^svov xal &pa ipiXol ovzsg siaco zcov bnXcov xazsxs'xXsivzo ' 
oi zs dxovziazal fiqayvzsqa rjxovzt^ov, rj cog e^ixveTgOcu zcov Gcpsv- 
Sovrjzcov. 8. 'Ex zovzov Esvocpcovzi e8oxei Sicoxzsov sivai ' xal 
idicoxov zcov zs bnXizcov xal zoov nsXzaGzcov oi szvyov gvv avzco 
dniG&ocpvXaxovvzEg ' diooxovzsg ds ovds'va xazsXdfJifiavov zoov tzoXe- 
fiioov. 9. Ovzs ydq innsig i\oav zolg "EXXtjgiv ovze oi tze'QoI zovg 
Tzs'Qovg ex noXXov (psvyovzag idvvavzo xazaXa\i$dvEiv h bXiyco 
icoqico ' noXv ydq ov% oiov zs \v anb zov dXXov GzqazEVfAazog 
diooxEiv. 10. Oi ds fiaQpaooi innsTg xal cpEiyovzsg dfia ezizqcogxov 
eig zov7ZiG&£v zo^Evovzsg anb zcov Itztzcov ' otzogov 8s TTQodioo^siav 
oi EXXi]V£g f zogovzov ndXiv £7zavaycoQsiv fia^ouEvovg tdsi. 11. 
flgzs zrjg rmsoag ohrjg diijX&ov ov nXiov tze'vze xal eixogi Gzadt'oov, 
dXXd dsiXTjg depixovzo sig zag xco^ag. J/ Ev{ra dl] ndXiv aQv\iia i\v. 
Kal XstoiGocpog xal oi TTQEG^vzazoi zcov GZQuzrjycov Zsvocpcovza 7}~ 
ticovzo ozi eSlcoxev anb zrjg cpdXayyog xal avzog zs ixivdvvsvs xal 
zovg noXspiovg ovdsv fiaXXov idvvazo QXdnzsiv. 

12. ^AxovGag 8s 6 Asvocpcov sXsysv ozi bqiJcog yzicorzo xal 
avzb zb soyov avzoig fiaqzvQoi}]. 'AXX iyco, Ecptj, ?]vayxaG&i]v 
diooxEiv, ineidrj eooqcqv r^dg iv zco fXEVEiv xaxcog (asv ndGyoviag* dvn- 



72 EXPEDIT10 CYRf. 

noisXv 5' older dvvafit'vovg. 13. 'ETZEidrj ds idicaxofiEV, dXq&ij, 
eq>T], v(t£ig Xtyszs ' xaxwg filv ydo noiEiv ovdsv fxaXXov idvvdpE&a 
zovg 7io).£fAiovg, dv£%coQOV(i£v ds ndvv %aX£n<x>g. 14. Toig ovv -QsoTg 
%&Qig bzi oh avv noXX\i Q^M-U dXXd gvv bXiyoig r{l.#ov' wgzs fiXdxpai 
fisv fit] fieydXcc, dtjXcaGai ds, cov dEOfxsda. 15. Nvv ydo oi \isv 
7ioXi\iioi zo^evovgi xai GCpEvdovtooiv ooov ovte oi KoqzEg dvzizo^Ev- 
eiv dvvavzai ovte ol ex X £t Q°G $dXXovzsg E^ixvEiad'ai * ozav ds 
avzovg dicoxcofisv, noXv \lev oi)% olbv ze%gjqiov anb zov Gzpazsvfia- 
zog dicoxEiv, ev bXlycp ds ovtf si zayyg e'i'jj Tzs^bg tte^ov av 
dicoxcov xazaXd^oi ix zot,ov Qvpazog. 16. 'Hpsig ovv ei fiiX- 
XofiEv zovzovg sioysiv cogzs fir} dvvao&ai fyXdnzsiv rjfidg tzoqevo(ae- 
vovg, 6q)£vdovrj7CQV zs z\v za%iG7t]v du xal innsoiv. Axovco 8 
Eivai ev zco GzoazEVfiazi rjpcov 'Podiovg, cov zovg TioXXovg cpaGiv 
£7Ti<jia6&cu <jq)£vdovav, xal zb fisXog avzcov xal dmXdoiov cps'oEGdai 
zcov IIepoixcqv crqiEvdovcov. 17. 'ExEivai yao, did zb %EiQ07iXri&ECi 
zoig Xi&oig ocpsvdovav im ftoayy i^ixvovvzai ' oi ds ys 'Podioi xal 
zatg (jLoXvftdiaiv iniazavzai %p7]<j&ai. 18. *'Hv ovv avzcov ettigxe- 
xpoDfiEda rivEg nsnavzai ocpEvdovag, xal zovzcov tcp fisv dcofiEV 
avzcov aqyvQiov, rep ds dXXag tiXexeiv e&sXovzi dXXo aoyvqiov 
zeXco^ev, xal zep Gqsvdovav EvzEzayfAtpqi e&eXovzi dXXrjv zivd 
dzsXEiav EVQiGxcofiEV, iGcog zivsg cpavovvzai ixavol rjfxdg co^eXeiv. 

19. ' Oqco ds xal mnovg bvzag ev zcJj Gzoazsvpazi,, zovg \isv zivag 
7i(tQ ifxol, zovg ds zco KXEapyco xazaXEXEt^ifJLEvovg ' noXXovg ds xcu 
aXXovg alifiaXcozovg GXEvocpoQovvzag. Av ovv zovzovg ndvzag 
ixXt'^avzsg GxEvocfbga psv dvzidcopEv, zovg ds Innovg sig innsag 
xazctGXEvdGCQfAEv, iGcog xal ovzoi zi zovg (pEvyovzag dviaGovGiv. 

20. "Edo'S.E zavza ' xal zavzrjg ztjg vvxzbg Gqisvdovjjzai [xsv sig 
diaxoGiovg lyivovzo, innoi ds xal innsig EdoxijiaG&riGav zy vGZEoaia 
sig jzEvz^xovza, xal ozoXddsg xal ftwoaxEg avzoig ETTOQiG&rjGav * 
xal mnaqyog ds snsGzd&ri Avxiog 6 UoXvGzqdzov 'A^valog. 



CAP. IV. 

1. MuvavzEg ds zavzt]v zyv ijfxsQav zy aXXrj moosvovzo tidm- 
XalzEQOv dvaGzdvzEg ' yaqadqav ydo avzovg sdsi diaffivai icp y 
iyofiovvzo (xi] imdolvzo avzoig diafiaivovoiv oi noXifiioi. 2. /Jia- 



LIB. III. CAP. IV. 73 

fisfirjxoGi ds avzoig rtdliv cpairszai 6 Mi&qiddzijg, s%cov Innsag 
%iXiovg, zo^ozag ds xcu GcpEvdoviqzag eig zEzqaxig^iXiovg' 
zoGovzovg ydq ijzrjGe TiGGacfsqv7]v xcu sXafisv, vnoGyo\iEvog kv 
zov zovg Xdfirj naqadcoGEiv avzco zovg "EXXijvag, xazacpqovrJGag, 
ozi iv zy nqoG&sv nqogfioXy oXiyobg sycov sna&E iisv ovdsv, noXXa 
ds xctxd zvoiu^s aotrjaai. 3. 'Ensl ds ol ° ' EXXijvsg dia^s^xozsg 
dnziyov ztjg yaqddqag ogop bxzcb Gzadiovg, ditficuvs xcu 6 Midqi- 
ddzijg s%odv zr)v dvvafMv. IlaqqyyEXzo ds zcov ze tzeXzcigzcov ovg 
tdsi dicoxsiv xcu zcov otzXizcov, xcu zoig Itmevgiv siqrjzo ftaq^qovGi 
dicoxEiv, cog icpExpo^evrjg Ixavrjg dwd^iscog. 4. 'EtzeI ds 6 Mi&qi- 
ddztjg xazEiXijcpst, xcti yd?] Gcpzvdovcu xcu zo^svfxaza s^ixvovvzo, 
iGi]fiT]ps zoTg 'EXXijgi zrj GaXmyyi, xcu sv&vg s&eov ojjloge olg 
e't'qrjzo xcu ol iTtnsTg iqXavvov' ol ds ovx ids^avzo, dXX scfsvyov 
Im z\v %aqddqav. 5. 'Ev zavzy zrj dico^st zoTg fiaqfidqoig zcov 
is 7tsC,cov dnsd'avov aoXXol xcu zcov Innscov sv zy %aqddqa t,coo\ 
iXrjcpd"t]Gav slg oxzcoxaidexa ' zovg 5' dno&ctvovzag civzoxsXzvgzoi 
ol "EXXrivsg yxiGavzo, cog ozi cpofieqcozazov zoTg TToXspioig Eirj bqav. 

6. Kcu ol fjisv noXsiuoi ovzco TtQCi^avrsg dnriX&ov ' olcf "EXXri- 
vsg aGcpaXcog tzoqevolisvoi to Xombv ztjg r)iisqag, dcpixovzo im zov 
Tiyqrjzcc Ttozaiiov. 7. 'Evtav&a TtoXig r\v iqrjfirj, fisydXij, ovofict 
£' avzy jjv AdqiGGct ' cpxovv 5' avzr)v zb naXcubv M7jdoi ' zov ds 
zslyovg i\v avzrjg zb svqog ntvzs xa\ ei'xogi 7i6dsg, vxpog d' sxazov 
zov ds xvxXov r) nsqiodog dvo naqaGayyai '■ cpxodofMjzo ds nXiv&oig 
xsQCifiiaig ' XQTjmg ds v7Trjv Xidivrj, zb vxpog s'ixogi nodcov. 8. Tav- 
zt]v fictGiXEvg 6 IJeqgcov, oze Ttaod Mrjdcov zrjv dqyjiv iXdfi^avov 
FLsQGai, noXioqxcov ovdsvl tqoncg idvvazo sXsiv r)Xiov ds vscpsXr] 
nooxaXvipctGa rjcpdviGs, fis'xQig i^sXmov ol dvd-QCQ7T0i, xcu ovzcog 
idXoo. 9. Tlaou zavzrjv zr)v noXiv rjv nvQap.(g Xi&ivrj, zb [isv svqog 
svbg tzXs&qov, zb ds vxpog dvo tiXs&qcov. 'Etzi zavzrjg noXXoi zcov 
fiaofidQcov rjGuv, ix zcov tzXtjgiov xco\icov dnonscpsvyozsg. 

10. 'Evzev&ev snoQEvdrjGctv Gza&pbv sva naqaGdyyag «£ 
nqbg zsiyog tqijiiov, \isyct, nqbg zq tzoXei xsifisvov ' ovofia tf rjv zy 
tzoXei MsGTtiXa' Mtjdoi 5' avzrjv nozs cpxovv. Hv ds rj fisv xqrj- 
nig Xi&ov %sgzov xoy%vXidzov, zb svqog nEvzr]xovza nodcov xcu 
zb vxpog nsvzrjxovza. 11. 'Em ds zavzy E7Tcpxod6firjzo nXivdivov 



74 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

7u%og, to [Asv evQog 7ZEvzr\xovTa rzodcov, to ds vipog sxaTov ' tov 
ds xvxXov 7] nsglodog f| nagaadyycu. 'Evfuv&a iXiyETO Mrfiia 
yvvrj fiaoiXioog xaracpvysiv, ots dTZcoXsaav t?jv dgyrjv vno Tlegocov 
Mtjdoi. 12. Tavtrjv ds ryv nbXiv TtoXtogxwv 6 FLtgaav fiaoiXsvg 
ovx idvrazo ovze xqotcx) sXeiv ovte fiia, ' Ztvg d' i^govzrizovg noisi 
Tovg ivoixovvzag, xal ovzoog sdXco. 

13. 'Evtev&ev 5' ETZOQEvfiriGav ozadubv 'iva nagaadyyag zizTa- 
gag. Elg tovtov ds tov OTadybv Tiooacpigvrig inscpdvr h ovg ts 
avzbg Innsag p-dsv s^av xcu tijv ' Ooovtov dvvafuv tov t\v ftaoi- 
Xioog dvyaziga sjovTog xcu org Kvgog iycov amfiq [lagfidgovg, xcu 
ovg 6 ftaatXicog ddsXqjbg e%cov fiaGiXsi ifiotj&Ei, xcu ngbg TOVTOig 
oaovg ftaGiXsvg sdcoxsv avzco ' oogzs to ozgdzEv^a ndpnoXv iydvij. 
14. 'EtteI ds iyyvg iysvEzo, rag fisv toov Ta^scov slyEv otilgOev 
xaTaoTijoag, tag 3s slg to. nXdyia Ttagayayav i^dXXsiv fxsv ovx 

ETolftTjGEV old* EpOvXsTO diaXlvdvVEVElV ' GCfEvdoVCCV ds TZagrjyyElXs 

xal to^eveiv. 15. 3 E7Ze\ ds diaTa%&EVTEg oi 'Podioi iGcpsvdovr^av 
xcu ol 2xv$ai to$6tcu izo^svcav xal ovdslg r^dgzavsv dvdgbg, 
ovds ydg ei ndvv ttoo&v^oito gddiov tfv, xcu 6 TtaGatys'gvqg 
\idla Tayjcog l£oo ftsXwv dns^coQEi xal al alien zd^sig ans^oag-ijaar. 
16. Kal zb Xombv xr t g ijfAtgag ol fisv inogsvovto, ol d' smovzo ' 
xcu ovxtzi iaivovjo ol fidgfiagoi rf/ tote dxgofioXiGEi ' fxaxgoTEgov 

yCCQ Ol IE ' PodlOl TCOV IJsgOWV icCfEvdoVOQV X(U TOOV 7tXe16Z(OV TO^O- 

Tav. 17. MsydXa ds xal <za z6£a ra JJsQGixd eotiv ' agzs %grj- 
cijia ryv bnbsa dXtoxoizo zav To^Eifidzoov zoig Kor t Gi' xou diEzs- 
low yQWjJLEvoi zolg too*' TzoXsfjiiwv zo^Evpaat, xal e/xeXetcov to^evew 
dvco UvzEg paxgdv. Evgioxrzo ds xal vsvga noXXa iv taig xa- 
uaig xal fioXvfidog, cogzs XQyjG&ai slg Tag ocpsvdovag. 

18. Kal TavTy fisv zy rtps'ga, etzeI xaTsaTgazonEdEvovTO ol 
"EXXyvsg xcopaig snixvfpvTEg, dnr^X&ov ol fidgfiagoiy fisTov syovTEg 
iv ttj tote dxgoftoXiGEi ' Trjv ds Emovaav rifxsgav Efiuvav ol "EXXrpsg 
xal ETiEGizicavzo ' 1]V ydg noXvg aTxog iv TaTg xcafiaig. Trj d* 
vazEgala inogsvovTO dia tov itEdiov, xal Tiaaacpigvrig eitzeto 
dxQofioXi^opEvog. 19. "Ev&a dq ol 'EXXqvsg iyvoaaav oxi nXalatov 
iconXEvgov nov^ga Ta^ig e'i/j noXEfxioov E7TOfzivcov. *Avdyxr\ ydg 
EOT iv, 7Jv [A.h avyxvuT^ to. xigaza tov TtXaioiov ij odov oTEvcozigag 



LIB. III. CAP. IV. 75 

ovGrjg, rj oqscov avayv.aX.ovzcov q yscpvqag, sx&XifisG&ai zovg bnXi- 
tag xal noqsvsG&ai novijqcog, dfia \isv ms^opsvovg, dfia 8s kcu 
zaqazzofis'vovg ' eagre 8vg%qr]Gzovg sivai dvdyxt] dzdxzovg ovzag. 
20. c Ozav 8' av 8iaGy\j zd xs'qaza, dvdyy.T] 8iaGnaG&ai zovg zozs 
iy.&Xi^OfA.svovg xal xsvbv yiyvsG&ai zb (xsgov zcov usqdzcov nal 
d&vpeiv zovg zavza naG%ovzag zcov noXs\iicov mofjisvcov. Kai 
bnozs dtoi ys'qivqav 8iaftaivsiv rj aXXijv zivd 8id@aGiv, sgtzsv8sv 
sxaGzog fiovX6[isvog cp&aGai nqcozog ' xal svsm&szov r)v svzav&a 
zoig noXs/iioig. 21. 'Ensi 8s zavza syvcoGav ol Grqazrjyoi, moi- 
tjcsavzo t'§ X6%ovg dvd sxazbv dv8qag aal Xo%ayovg msGZi\Gav v,ai 
dXXovg nsvzrjyovzriqag rial aXXovg ivco[iozdo%ag. Ovzoi 8s noqsvo* 
fisvoi ol Xo%uyol, bnozs fisv Gvyxvnzoi zd xsqaza, vns\isvov vgzs- 
qoi, cogzs fir) ivo%XsTv zoig yJgaai' zozs 8s naq^yov s^co&sv zcov 
y.sqdzcov. 22. 'Onozs 8s 8id<j%oisv al nXsvqal zov nXaiGiov, zb 
fxtaov dvsl-EnifinXaGav, si fisv Gzsvcozsqov sir] zb 8isyov, xazd 
Xb'fpvg' si 8s nXazvzsqov, xazd nsvzi]y.0Gzvg ' si 8s ndvvnXazv, xaz 
sveouoziag ' cogzs dsl sxnXscov sivai zb \isgov. 23. El 8s rial 8ia- 
ftaivsiv zivd 8soi 8idftaGiv rj yscpvqav, ovx. szaqdzzovzo, dXX iv zep 
fisqsi ol Xo%ayol 8is'fiaivov ' xal si nov 8soi zi zr t g ydXayyog, mma~ 
q7]Gav ovzoi. Tovzca zip zqoncp snoqsv&r]Gav Gza&fiovg zszzaqag. 
24. Hvixa 8s zov ns\unzov moqsvovzo sl8ov fiaGiXsiov 
ii nal fieql avzb xcouag noXXdg ' zijv zs b8bv nqbg zo ycoqiov 
zovzo 8id yt]X6(pcov vxpijXcav ytyvofisvrjv, ol y.a&rjxov dnb zov bqovg, 
vcp cq r t v xcofAT]. Kal sl8ov [xsvzovg yrjXocpovg aGfisvoi ol'EXXrjvsg, 
cog six.bg> zcov noXs\iicov ovtcov Innscov. 25. 'Ensl 8s noqsv6{isvoi 
in zov ns8iov dvsftrjGav ml zbv nqcozov yqXoyov yea xazzfiaivov, 
cbg mi zbv szsqov dvafiaisv, ivzav-fra miyiyvovzai ol ftdqfiaqoi xai 
dnb zov vxprjXov sig zb nqavsg sfiaXXov, sG0fSv86vcov, izo^svov vno 
uaGTiycov ' 26. xal noXXovg yazszizqcoGy.ov xai sxqdzrjGav zcov 
EXX?]vcovyv[ivrJTcov xal y.azixXsiGav avzovg s'igco zcov otzXcov cogzs 
navzanaGi zavzi]v zr^v ijusqav a/qrjGzoi ipav sv zco o/Aft) ovzsg xai oi 
GcpsvSovrjTca y.al ol ro&ozai. 27. 'Ensl 8s ms^ousvoi ol "EXhjvsg 
£7tsysiqrjGav 8ic6xsiv, GyoXr] fxsv sm zb uxqov dcpixvovvzai bnXlzai ov- 
zsg ' ol 8s TtoXspioi zayv dvsTrrjScov. 28. UdXiv 8s bnozs dnioisv nqbg 
zb dXXo GzqdzEvpa, zavza maGyov ' xai ml zov 8svzsqov yrjXocpov 
zavza syfyvszo ' cogzs dnb zov zqizov yrjXocpov i8o%sv avzoig pt] 



76 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

xivsXv zovg Gzqazicozag ' nXr\v dnb Ttjg 8s%idg nXsvqdg rov nXai- 
6iov dvrjyayov nsXzaGzag nqbg zb oqog. 29. 'Ensl 5' ovroi lyivov- 

10 V7Z8Q TCOV snOflSVCOV noXs[A.lCQV, OVXETl inSTl&SVTO 01 7Zo)JfUOL 

roig xazaflaivovGi, 8t8oixozsg fir) dnozfA.)]&sir]Gav xal dficpozsqco&sv 
avzcov ytvoivTO ol noXt'fuoi. 30. Ovzco to Xomov Trjg ruisqag 
noqsvopsvoi, ol [tev ry 68cp xazd rovg yrjlocpovg, ol 8s xazd to 
oqog ininaqiovzsg, aq>ixovzo elg Tag xcoftag, xal iazqovg xazsGzr\- 
cav oxzco ' noXXoi, ydq ijaav ol zszqcofisvoi. 

31. 'Evzav&a s\isivav r^iqag zqslg xal tcov tetqcqjasvcov svsxa 
xal dpia iniTijSsia noXXd sryov, dXsvqa, olvov, xqifidg Innoig gv\i- 
@€£>Xi][i8vag noXXdg. Tavza 8s Gvvr]y\iiva i\y zcp Gazqansvovzi zrjg 
X^qag. Tszaqzy 8' rjfisqct xaza^aivovGiv Big zb nsSiov. 32. 'Ensl 
8s xazsXaftsv avzovg TiGGaqjsqvrjg gvv ttj Svvdpsi, i8i8a%ev avTovg 
7\ avdyxrj xazaGxr t vr t Gai ov nqcozov sldov xcafirjv xal fir) noqevtG&ai 
szi \iayo\isvovg ' noXXoi ydq rjGav anoyiayoi ol zszqcofxtvoi, xai oi 
ixsivovg (psqovzsg xal ol zcov qjsqovzcov zd onXa 8e£d[xsvoi. 33. 
'Ensl 8s xazsGxrjvrjGav xal snsysiqrjGav avzoig axqoftoXit,EG&ai oi 
fiaqfiaqoi nqbg ti\v xojfirjv nqogwvzsg, noXv nsqtrjGav ol "EXXqveg ' 
noXv ydq 8iscfsqov ix ycoqag oqpcovtsg dXs^aa&ai rj noqsvo- 
pevoi smovGi zolg noXspioig fxdysG&ai. 34. ' Hvlxa 8' rp r t 8rj 
8siXt], coqa r]v anisvai zoig noXsfiioig ' ovnozs ydq fxsiov dnsGzqa- 
zonsSsvovzo ol pdqfiaqoi zov 'EXXrjvixov s^rjxovza Gza8icov, cpofiov- 
{isvoi iiij Trjg vvxzbg ol "EXXrjvsg im&covzai avzoTg. 35. IIov?jqbv 
ydq vvxzog lazi azqazsvpa Tlsqaixov. Ol ts ydq innoi avzoig 
8s8svzai xai cog mi to noXv 7imo8iG\iivoi sial Tovyu] cpsvystv svsxa 
el Xv&sirjaav ' idv ts zig -Qoqvftog ytyvrjzai, 8si sniGa^ai zbv Innov 
Tlt'qGrj dvSql, xal %aXtvcQGai 8ti xal &coquxiG&£VTa dvaffivai inl 
zbv Innov. Tavza 8s ndvza yaXsnd noisiv vvxzcoq xal doqvfiov 
ovTog. Tovzov kvsxa nooqco dnsGx/jvovv zcov 'EXXrjvccv. 

36. 'Ensi 8s syiyvoDGxov avzovg ol EXXr^vsg fiovXofxs'vovg dnii- 
vai xal 8iayysXXo\i8vovg, lxi\qv%s zolg v E).XrjOiGVGX£vd£ea&ai dxov- 
ovzcov tcov noXsfiicov. Kal yqovov iasv Tiva insGyov Trjg noqsiag 
ol fidqfiaqoi, snsi8r) 8s oxps iyi'yvszo, dmjsGav ' ov ydq i86xsi 
Xvsiv avzoig vvxzbg nogsvsGdai xal xazdysG&ai inl zb Gzqa- 
TontSov. 37. 'Ensi8t] 8s cacfcog dniovzag rfir\ scoqcov ol "EXXqveg, 
inoqsvovzo xal avzol dva^sv^avzeg, xal 8u]Xdov ogov i£rjxovra 



LIB. III. CAP. IV. 77 

Gtadiovg ' xal ylyvETai togovtov {XEza^v zcov GzgaTEVfiaTcov cogzs 
t7j wzsgaia ovx icpdvrjGav ol noXijuoi ovds rrj Tgizv\ ' t\ ds TETag- 
ttj vvxzbg ngo£X&6vz£g xazaXa^dvovGi %cogi'ov vnEgde^iov 01 
fidgfiagai, rj tfieXXov ol "EXXrjvsg nagisvai, dxgcovvyjav ogovg, vcp 
ijv r) xazdficiGig r t v eig to rzedlov. 38. 'Ensidrj ds icoga Xeioiao- 
qjog 7Zoo'Aazei).riu(xsv7jv zrjv dxgcovvyiav, xaXu Zevocpcovra dno Trig 
ovQccg xal xeXevei XafiovTa Tovg nEXTaGTc/.g nagay£V£G&ai sig to 
ngoG&sv. 39. '0 ds Zavocpav Tovg fisv nsXzaGzag ovx rflEV ' ini- 
Cfaivofievov yag scoga TiGGacpEgviji- xcu to azgdzevfia nav' avzbg 
ds Trgogsldaag r]gc6za ' Ti xaXug ; e ds Xsysi avzcp ' "ES,egziv 
bgav ' ngoxazsiXr^nzai yag j^iv 6 vnsg T?jg xaTafiaGECog Xocpog, xal 
ova egti nagsX&Eiv, el fir] Tovzovg dnoxoxpopEv. 'AXXd Ti ovx i)y£g 
Tovg nsXzaGzag ; 40. ' ds )Jysi bzi ovx idoxEi avzcp sgrjficc xa- 
zaXinEiv zd OTZiadsv noXsyiicov inicpaivo\i(vcov. 'AXXa \ir\v 
coga y , tcprj, fiovXevEG&ui nag Tig Tovg dvdgag dnsXa dnb tov Xo- 
cpov. 41. 'EvTav&a jzEvocpcov bga tov ogovg ttjv xogvqrjv vnsg 
avzov tov savTcov Gzgaz£v\iazog ovgccv, xal dnb Tavz^g syodov inl 
tov Xocfov h&a tjaav ol noXifuot, xal Xsysi ' KgdziGzov, co XstgiGocfE, 
rjuiv i£G&ai cog zdyiGza mi to dxgov ' r]v yag tovzo XdpcopEv, ov 
dvvrjGOvzai \iivsiv ol vnsg Trjg bdov. 'AXX', si fiovXsi, \iivs inl tco 
GzgazEVfiazi ' iya ds i&s'Xco nogsvsG&ai ' ei ds ygr^sig, nogsvov 
mi to ogog, iyco ds (ievco avzov. 42. AXXa didcofii goi, sept] 6 
XsigiGocpog, bnozsgov fiovXei, sXEG&ai. Eincov 6 Esvocpcov ozi vsco- 
rsgog egziv, algsizai 7Zog£V£G&ai ' xeXevei ds ol Gv\ms\i\pai dnb 
tov GTopaTog dvdgag ' fAUxqav yag f)v dnb zijg ovgdg Xafieiv. 43» 
Kal b XsigiGocpog Gvim£\in£i Tovg dno tov Gzouiazog nsXTaGTag' 
iXafis ds Tovg xaTa {jlegov tov nXaiGt'ov. ZvvsnsG&ai 5' exsXevgev 
avTcp xal Tovg TgiaxoGiovg ovg avTog ei%s tcov miXsxTcav inl 
Tcp Gz6\iaTi tov nXaiGiov. 

44. 3 Evz£v&£v inogsvovTo cog idvvavTO TayiGza. Ol c¥ inl 
Toy Xocpov noXEfuoi, cog ivorjGav avzcov t\v noguav ml zb dxgov, 
sv&hg xal avTol cog^Gav dfxiXXaG&ai inl to dxgov. 45. Kal 
ivTav&a noXXrj fxh xgavyr] i)v zov 'ElXrjvixov GTgazEVfiaTog diaxs- 
Xevo{isvcov ToTg savzeov ' noXXrj ds xgavyij tcov dpcpl TiGGaqs'gvrjV 
Tolg savzeov diaxsXEvouEvcov. 46. tzEvocfcov ds nagsXavvcov inl 
tov innov nagexeXevszo ' "AvdgEg, vvv inl ttjv 'EXXdda vopi&TS 

7* 



78 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

dfiiXXaG&ai, vvv ngbg tovg natdag xal rag yvvaixag, vvv bXlyov 
novrJGavzsg dfia%bl t\v Xom)\v nogtvGOfiE&a. JEfozrjqldag ds 6 
JZixvcoviog sinsv ' 47. Ovx «£ i'gov, to Esvocpcov, ecfiev ' av 
[A.8V yag icp Innov byr[, iyfh ds %aXencog xdfivco zi\v aGnlda tfigtav. 
48. Kiu bg dxovGag tavza xazanqdrJGag anb zov Innov, co&tizai 
avzbv ix trjg zd^stng xal z?jv aamda dcpsXopsvog tag idvvazo tab 
%iGza, inogsvszo. 'Ezvy^avs ds xal tfcogaxa £%(av tor Inntxov ' 
cogzs ime^sto. Kcu tolg fisv sfingoG&sv vndysiv nagsxsXsvEZo, 
tolg ds oniG&sv, nagisvai, fioXig mopivoig. 49. Oi d' dXXui 
Gzgazicozai nalovGi xctt fidXXovGi xai XoidoQOVGL zbv JZtorrjQidav, sgzs 
qvdyxacav Xafiovza trjv danida nogsvsG&ai. 'O ds dvafidg, stag 
[isv fidaifia rjVy inl tov Innov r t ysv ' inst ds dfiaza i\v, xazaXmcov 
tbv Innov scnsvds ne^y. Kal cpddvovGiv inl tat dxocp ysvo\isvoi 
tovg noXsjulovg. 



CAP. V. 

1. "Ev&a dr] ol psv fidgfiagoi Gzqaqsvtsg 'iqsvyov y sxaazog 
idvvazo • ol ff "EXXijveg efyov zb ccxqov. Ol ds dfiqil TiGGacps'gvrjv 
xal ^Agiaiov anozganoynvoi aXX?jv bdbv f$%ovzo ' ol ds d^qn, Xsi- 
QiGoyov, xazafidvzeg eig zb nedlov, iGzgazonedevGavzo iv xcofirj fie- 
ozfi noXXcov dya&cov. ^Hgccv ds xal dXXcu xoopcu noXXal nXrjgeig 
noXXcov ayadcov iv tovzco zcn nedlco nagd zbv Tlygijza nozauov. 
2. 'Hvlxa d' ijv deiXi], i<zanivi]g ol noXi[iioi iniqalvovzai iv zc$ 
nedlcp, xal zcov 'EXXfjvcov xazsxoxpdv tivag zcov iGxedaG/ue'vcov iv zt» 
nsdlco, xa& agnayrjv xal yag vo\ial noXXal fioGxijfidzcov diafiifia- 
%6[A,evai eig zb nsgav zov norafiov xazeXijcp&rtGav. 3. 3 Evzav&a 
TiGGa(pEQvt]g xal ol gvv avzqj xaisiv ineyeigriGav tag xcofxag. Kal 
tcov 'EXXrjvcov fjidXa Tj&vfirjGav tiveg, ivvoov\ievoi fiy td imtqdeia, 
el xaloiev, ovx 's%oi£v bnodsv XanftdvoiEv. 4. Kal ol fxsv d/jiqjl 
XsiQiGOcpov dn^EGav ix t?jg fioti&Eiag ' 6 ds Esvocpcov insl xaziftrj, 
TzaocXavvcov zdg zd^sig tjvlxa anb zrjg fioi]d£lag dnr^vzv k Gav ol 
"EXXijvsg EXsysv ' 5. ' Ogazs, (p avdosg "EXXqvsg, vqiisvzag ztjv 
ycooav rjdq fyEzs'oav slvai ; a ydq oze ionivdovzo disnodzzovzo, 
fiij xaleiv tqv paciXscog iwoav, vvv avzol xalovGiv cog dXXozqlav. 



LIB. III. CAP. V. 79 

'Alia idv nov xazalincoGi ys avzoTg za inizrfisia, oxpovtat not 
qiidg ivrav&a noqsvousrovg. 6. 'All', co XsiqiGoq)S, tcpy, doxs't 
fioi fiorj-u hiv im zovg xaiovzag cog vnsq zT/g fysziqag. '0 ds Xsiqi- 
Gocpog eItzev' Oukovv 'ipoiys doxsl' alia xal fysig, scpy, xaicofAEv, 
xal ovzco Sdziov navGovzai. 

7. 'Ensl d' inl rag Gxqvdg dnTjldov, ol fisv allot nsql za ini- 
vrfiEia rfiav, Gzqazqyol ds xal loyayol gvvTjI&ov. Kal ivzav&a 
nollij dnoqla i\v. "Evftsv fisv yaq oqrj rjv vnEqvipjjla, sv&ev ds 6 
nozaiA.bg zoGovzog zb fid&og cog p/5s za doqaza vnEqiysiv nsiqco- 
psvQig zov fid&ovg. 8. 'Anaqovpsroig ds avzoTg nqogsl&cov zig 
dvrjq 'Podiog Einsv ' 'Eyco -frs'lco, co dvdqsg, diafiifiaGat vfiag xaza 
TEzqaxig%tliovg onlizag, dv ifxol cov dsoftai vn?]qszqGr]ZE xai zdlav- 
tov (xigOov noqiGtjzs. 9. ' Eqcozcopsvog ds ozov dsoizo, 'Agxcov, 
sqirj, dig%ilicov dsrJGOfiai' nolla 8s oqco zavza nqoftaza xal alyag 
y.al flovg xal ovovg, a anodaqivza xal tyVGtjdsvza qadicog dv na- 
qe%oi zijv didfiaGiv. 10. /Jstjcoftcu ds xal zcov dsGficov olg XQV G ^ 8 
nsql za vno^vyta' zovzoig &v%ag rovg aGxovg nqbg allrj- 
lovg, oQiilcag sxaGzov aGxbv ll&ovg dqzfoag xal dcpslg cognsq dy- 
xvqag, slg zb vdcoq ds ay ay cov xal d{icpoziqco&EV dqoag, intfialco 
vlqv xai yyv inicpoq/jGco. 11. " Ozi \isv ovv ov xazadvGEG&s 
avzixa pala eigegQe ' nag yaq aGxbg dvo dvdqag 'e%ei zov fiij xaza- 
dvvai ' cogzs ds py oliG&dvsiv tj vltj xal r\ ylq g^gei. 

12. 'AxowaGi zavza zoig Gzqazqyoig zb /asp ivtJvfxijfia laqisv 
idoxsi Eivai, zb ds eqyov ddvvazov ' r^av yaq ol xcolvGorzsg nsqav 
nollol innsig, o7 sv&bg zoig nqcozoig ovdsv dv snizqsnov zovzcov 
noiEiv. 13. 'Evzav&a z\v \isv vGzsqaiav InavE^coqovv slg zovf/,- 
naliv [// j nqbg Bafivlcova slg zdg dxamzovg xco^ag, xazaxavGavzsg 
ev-Qev i^EGav ■ cogzs ol nolsixioi ov nqogrilavvov, alia e&ecovzo 
not opoioi ijGav &avpd±£iv onot nozs zqsipovzai ol "ElXqvsg v,a\ zl 
iv vcp ejoiev. 14. 'Evzavda ol ^u-v allot Gzqazicozai dficfl za 
imzrjdsia rfiav ' ol ds Gzqazyyol y,a\ ol loftayol ndliv Gvvr{kQov, 
v,a\ Gvvayayovzsg zovg atyfialcozovg %lsy%ov zi\v xvxlco naGav 
%coqav zi'g ExaGZi] sir/. 15. Ol d' slsyov bzi za filv nqbg {iegi^i- 
ftqiav zlqg inl Baftvlcova Eiy xal Mijdiav, dl ygnsq yxoisv ' r\ ds 
nqbg t'co inl SEovGa ze xal 'Exfidzava cpiqoi,, 'iv&a fisqiXuv aal 
iaqlt,ELv Xsyszai fiaGilsvg ' rj ds dtafidvzi zov nozaybv nqbg sGfti- 



80 EXPEDITIO CYRI, 

qciv em Avdlav xai 'Icoviav cpt'ooi ' ij ds did tojv oqemv xcti nohg 
ctQxtov tBTQatifiivri ozi slg Kaqdov^ovg dyoi. 16. Tovzovg $ t'qxx? 
6ccv oixeiv dvd za oorj y.a\ Ttolsfuxovg eivai xal ^aatltoog ovx 
uxoveiv ' alia xai ifj&uleiv nozs nig avzovg {jaailr/.rjv azpazidv, 
dcadtxa fivQiddag ' zovzcov ds ovdsva dnovoazqcai did zr^v dvg%(o- 
olav ' bnots [tt'vzoi TTQog zbv aazQCiTtijv zbv ev zqj 7itdt'(p cnsicaivzo, 
v.ai i/Tif-iiyrvvai aqcov ze nqog ixsivovg ytal exsircov nobg iavzovg. 

17. ' AxovaavzEg ds zavza ol azQazrjyo) sxddiaav #co(H£ zovg 
£xa(jza%6Ge cpdoxovzag tidsvai. ovdsv d'tjlov 7ioii\Gavzsg onoi ttoqev- 
ea&ai sjAellov. ' Edoxsi ds zoig ozpazrjoig dvayaaiov thai did 
itav OQSiuv eig Kapdov%ovg EfApdlltiv ' zovzovg yap disl&ovzag 
tcpaaav Eig'Apyieviav rfesiv, rjg ' Opovzag f^s m&Vryg v.a\ svdai^io- 
yog. 'Evzev&ev ds evnoQOv scpaaav thai onoi zig i&s'lsi 7zoqeve- 
6&ai. 18. 'Em zovzoig i&mavzo, omag, bnr^viY.a x.a\ doxoirj zrjg 
wpag, tijv nopslav noioivzo ' z?jv yap vnEQ^olr^v zcov oqe'ojv idtdoi- 
y.E6av \x)\ 7TQ0xazalr]q)&£iTi ' ttal naqr^yyeikav^ eneidrj dsmr^aEiav^ 
GWEGXEvacpsvovg Tidvzag avanavsa&ai, xal sm-cdai rp>v£ 
av ztg TiagayyEil^. 



L I B. I V. C A P. I. 81 

SENO&nNTOZ 
KTPOT AN AB A2ES12 A\ 



CAP. I. 

1. "02A (xlv dq iv rfi dvaftaGEi iysvszo ps'%Qi rrjg pdfflg, xal 
oaa fiETcc tii]v \idyr\v iv raig GTtovdalg ag fiaGiXsbg xa\ ol gvv Kvoo? 
avaftdvTsg "EXXqvsg iGTisiGavTo, xal oca naoa^dvTog Tag Gnovdag 
fiaadecog xal TiGGayiovovg inoXEnij&rj nqog tovg "EXXrjvag 
inaxoXovdovvTog tov IIeqgixov GToaTEvpaTog, iv toj 7Iqog&ev 
Xoyqj dsdqXooTai. 2. "Ensl 6s dqjixovzo sv&a 6 ftsv Tiyorjg 
nozanog navzanaGiv dnoqog l\v dia to fid&og xal [isyE&og, 
ndoodog 5' ovx yv, dXXd to, Kaodov%ia oqi] drzoTOfia vmQ avTOv 
tov noTa\iov ixoiftaTo, idoxsi dt] Toig GToaTyyoig dice toov oqeoov 
tzoqevteov efocu. 3. "Hxovovyag t&v aXiGxo\iivcov oti sidiiXftoisv 
to\ Kaqdovyia oor], iv rf/ 'Aousvia Tag Ttrjyag tov TiyorjTog TTOTa- 
(a.ov, rjv fXEV fiovXcovTai, dtafirjGovrai ' r t v ds fxi] fiovXoovTat, TtSQiiaGi. 
Kal tov EbtyoaTov re Tag Ttrjyag iXsysTO ov ttqogco tov Tiyor\Tog 
slvai ' xai egtiv ovtco gtevov. 4. Trjv 5' €4* Tovg Kaodov%ovg 
ifA^oVtjv cods rroiovvTai, a\ia \ikv Xa&sTv 71eiqc6[xsvoi, d\ia ds cp&d- 
aai Ttglv Tovg noXs^iovg xaTaXaftslv to. axqa. 5. *Enud)\ rp> 
afiqil Tt]V TsXEvzaiav cpvXaxyv xal eXeitteto T?jg vvxtbg oaov GxoTai- 
ovg disX&siv to nsdiov, TTjvwavTa avaGTavtsg dnb TzaQayys'XGscog 
noQEvofAEvoi dyixvovvTai d\xa Ty fyioa rtohg to OQog. 6. "Ev&a 
dr; XsigiGOcpog \isv vjeTto tov GTnaTEVfiaTog Xafiav to d[i.cp avTov 
xal Tovg yvpvTjTag ndvtag ' Ecvocpoov ds gvv ToTg dmc&oyvXal-iv 
onXuaig sItisto ovdtva s%cov yv\ivr\Ta' ovdelg ydq xivdvvog idoxsi 
slvai [ir; Tig avca Ttogsvo^vcov ix tov otiig&ev iniGnoiTO. 7. Kal 
im fiiv to axqov dvafiaivEi XsiQiaoyog noiv Tiva aladsG&ai twv 

7Z0Xe[11(OV ' ETZElTa ds VtyTjyElTO ' kfElTTETO ds asl TO VTTEofidXXoV TOV 

GToazevpaTog slg Tag xoo^ag Tag iv Toig ayxeGi ts xal fiv%oig Tchv 

OQEOOV. 



82 EXPEDITIOCYRI. 

8. "Ev&a dq ol {ih Kaqdovyoi ixXinovzsg zdg olxlag syovzsg 
xa\ yvvaixag xal naldag s(psvyov im zd oqtj * zd d' imz^dsia noX- 
Xd 7]v XapfidvEiv, ?]Gav ds xal yaXxoo\iaGi na\An6XXoig xazsGxsva- 
<5\iivai al olxiat, oov ovdsv sqiSQOv ol "EXXtjvsg ' olds zovg av&Qoo7zovg 
idt'ooxov, vnoyEidofJiEvoi, ei noog i&eX^aeiav ol Kaqdovyoi dasvai 
avzovg cog did qiXi'ag zrjg yooqag, insinsQ fiaGiXsT noXs\iioi r/aav. 
9. Td \isvzoi imt)]dsia ozco rig imzvyydvoi iXupfiavov ' dvdyxrj 
yaQ i)v. Ol ds Kaqdovyoi ovze xaXovvzoov imr-xovov ovze aXXo zi 
qnhxbv ovdsv inoiovv. 10. 'Ens! ds ol zsXsvzatoi zoov 'EXXrjvoov 
xars^aivov slg zdg xoofiag dnb zov dxqov rfiri GxozaToi, {dice ydo 
to GievijT sivai zt-v odbv bXijv zijv rjfiSQav i) dvafiacig avzoig iytvs- 
zo xal xazdfiaGig slg tag xoopag,) tots 8q GvXXsysvzsg zivsg zoov 
Kaqdovyoov zoig zsXsvzcaoig i.7is&Evzo t xal dnsxrEivdv zivag xal 
Xi&oig xal zo^sifUiGi xazszQOOGav, bXlyoi ztvsg bvzeg ' ?'£ crnQog- 
doxrjzov yaQ avzoig insnsGS zb 'EXXqnxov. 11. El (xtvzoi zoze 
nXslovg GvvsXsyijGav, ixivdvvsvGEV dv diaqjd-aoTjvcu noXv zov azga- 
zsvfiazog. Kal zavzrjv fisv z)\v vvxza ovzoog iv zaig xoof-iaig qv- 
XiG&i]Gav ' ol ds Kaqdovyoi nvqd ttoXXcc sxaiov xvxXop im zojv 
oqsoov xal Gvvsooqoov dXX/jXovg. 

12. ^A^a ds zfj r^sQci gvvsX&ovgi zoTg szqazr t yolg xal Xoya- 
yoig zoov 'EXX/jvoov sdo^E zoov ze vnoQvyioov zd uvayxaia xal 
dvvazoozaza noqsvEG&ai syovzag, xazaXuzovzag zd dXXa, xal 
OTioaa i]V veoogzI alyjtdXooza dvdqd7zoda iv zy Gzqazia ndvza dopsi- 
vcti. 13. ^yoXalav yaQ inolovv zijv noQEiav noXXd ovza zd vnotv- 
yiaxal zd alyjAciXooza' xai noXXoi ds ol im zovzoig ovzsg dnofiayoi 
ipav * dmXdaid ze zd imzr^dsia sdsi noo&odai y.al cpioEa&ai 
noXXav zoov av&QCQ7iodv bvzoov. A6%av ds zavza ix?]QV^av ovzoo 
noisvv. 

14. 'Em-l ds doiozrfiavTEg inoqsvovzo, vnoazdvzEg iv azsvcp 
ol ozoazrjyol si zi evqigxoiev zoov Eioripivoov fnj acpiifjiEvov dyrjoovv- 
70* ol tf imii&ovzo, nX)]v el zig zi sxXsipEv, olov tj naidbg im&vfif]- 
Gag rj yvvaix.bg zoov evttqettcov. Kai zavztjv \isv zi]v rjfjiEQav ovzoog 
inoQSv&rjGav, zd \isv zi piay6(iEvoi zd ds xal avanavoysvoi. 15. 
Elg ds ztjv vGZEQaiav ylyvszai ysiftoov noXvg, dvayxalov 8 rjv tiodev- 
£G&ai' ov yaQ i]v ixavd zdimzrfisia. Kal iffEtzo psv XstQiGocpog, 
ohmG&ocpvXdxsi ds Asvocpoov. 16. Kal ol aoXe'fiioi iGyvgoog inizl- 



LIB. IV. CAP. I. 83 

fisvro, xul Grsvmv ovzoov rap yaoicov iyyvg rtQogwvzsg iro^svov xal 
i(JCpsvS6ro3v ' cogrs r^vayxd^ovzo ol EXXrjvsg E7Ti8ic6xovrsg xai naXiv 
dvaydt,ovz£g GyoXrj noQEVEGQai ' xal ■Qaiiivd naQijyysXXEv 6 aevo- 
cpav bnoptvEiv, ors ol noXi\iioi iGyvgag snixsoivro. 17. "Ev$a 6 
XsioiGocpog dXXors [isv ore Tzaosyyvqjro vutjievs, rors 8s ovy vni- 
jusvev, ciXX yys zaysoog xal naqriyyva etteg&cu' cogrs SrjXov l\v on 
nnayna n sir] ' GyoXtj 8s ova tjv iSeTv TzaqsXdovn rb ainov zrjg 
G7tov87jg ' cogrs r\ nogsia bfxoia cpvyTJg iyiyvsro roig oma&oqivXah. 
18. Kai ivrav&a dnoQvi]GX£i avrjQ aya&bg Aax.aviy.bg KXecovv- 
uog ro^svdslg 8id rrjg aG7Zi,8og xal r^g aroXddog Eig rag nXevodg, 
xal BaGiag 'Aqxug diotfmeopg slg r\v xsxpaXijv. 19. 'Ensl ds dcpi- 
xovro mi Gtctd-fibv, svdvg cogrtEQ siysv 6 ^svoycav iX&cov ngbg 
rbv XsiQiGoqiov rjriaro avrbv on ovy V7zs'{i£iv£v, dXX ijvayxdXovro 
qisvyovrsg apa ftdyEG&ai. Kal vvv 8vo xaXoo r£ xdya&ch dtdos 
ri&varov xai ovrs dvEXsG&ai ovze d'dipai avrco i8vvdfA,eda. 20. 
^Anov.qlvErai nobg ravra 6 XsiQiaocpog ' EXsxpov, sept], nobg ra ogr\ 
xai ids cog dfiara ndvra egzL Mia ds avnj 68bg r\v bgag oo&ia' 
xal Em ravzy av&Qoo7tcov bgaf e^egti Got oyXov roGovrov, ol xarsi- 
Xrjcpozsg cpvXdrrovGi r\v 'ixftaGiv. 21. Tavza iyco £G7tev8ov kal 
8ia zovzo ge ovy VTiipievov, e'I nag 8vvaifirjv cp&aGai ttqiv xarsi- 
lijcpd-cu ttjv VTzsQftoX-rjv ol 8s ijysfxovsg ovg syopEv ov cpaGiv shai 
aXX-qv b86r. 22. '0 8s Eevoqxxiv Xsysi ' \4XX iyco 'iyco 8vo dt>8oag. 
Ettel yap ij{uv nqdyfJiaza naQEiyov, Err^QEVGUfiEv, otieq rjfxdg y.ai 
avaitvsvGai InoujGEy xal dnsarEiva^sv rivag avrcov, xal £,wvrag 
TZQOv&vfttj&JifiEV Xa^Eiv avrov rovzov evekev onoog ^ysfxoGiv ei8ogi 
rrjv yojQav yQtjGaffiEda. 

23. Kal sv&vg dyayovxsg rovg avdoconovg rjXeyyov 8iaXaftov- 
tsg ei riva ei8eiev aXXijv b8bv rj rijv qiavsoav. f O fisv ovv srsgog 
ova £<prj y.a\ \idXa ttoXXojv qiofioov nqogayo\iEvmv ' etiei 8s ov8\v 
(bqjt'Xi[iov sXsysv, bqwvrog rov ezeqov aarsGqidy?]. 24. ' O 8s Xoi- 
nbg eXeI-ev on ovrog fisv ov cpocuj 8ia ravra eidivai on avrcn rvy- 
ydvsi ■&vydr?]o ixsT Tzag dv8o) Ex8£8ofisvrj ' avrbg tf scprj ^y^GEG&ai 
8vvarr\v xai vzto'Qvyioig noqsvEG&ai 68ov. 25. 'EQOjrojfisvog 8' ei 
siT] ri iv avrrj 8vgTzdoirov ycoQiov Eqirj thai dxoov b si [irj rig 
nqoxazalrixpoiro d8vvarov EGEG&ai TtaQsX&ETv. 26. 3 Evrav&a 
idoxei, GvyxaXsGarrag Xoyayovg xcu ntXraGrag xal rcov bnXir&v 



84 EXPEDITIO GYRI. 

Xiyeiv ze za naqovza xai iqcozav ei zig avrcov 'iaziv ogzig arrgaya- 
&bg e&eXoi av yeveadai dv xal vnoozag i&eXovzyg noqevec&ai. 27. 
' Tcpiazavzai zav per bnXizcov ^qiozcovvfxog Medv8qievg ' Aqxdq 
xai "Ayac'iag JEzvpcpaXiog 'Aqxdg, avziazamd^fov 8e avzoig KaX- 
lilia%og Tlaqqdoiog ' ' Aqxdg xal ovzog scpij iOtXetv Ttoqtvto&ai 
nqogXaficbv i&tXovzdg ex navzbg zov azqazevfiazo. 'Ey<x> ydq, ecpTj, 
old a on hpovzai noXXol zcov vtcov ifxov rjyovfievov. 28. 'Ex rov- 
zov iqcozcoaiv el rig xal zcov yvfivrjzcov zahaq^mv i&e'Xot, GVfmo- 
Qeveo&ai. ' Tcpiatazai 'Aqwziag Xiog, og noXXayov noXXov a^wg 
ifi azqaiia eig za zoiavza eyivezo. 

CAP. II. 

1. Kal 7]v (jlIv dsiXtj ydt], oi 8' exeXevov avzovg ipyayovzag no- 
qevea&ai ' xal zov fjyepova 8qoavzeg 7iaqa8i8oaaiv avzoig ' xal gvvzi- 
%evzai z\v \i\v vvxza, %p> Xdftcoai zb dxqov, zb %coqiov cfvXdzzttv ' apa 
8e zy tjfieqa zy adXmyyi ar^aiveiv ' xai zovg fxev dvco ovzag ievai ln\ 
zovg xaztyovzag ztjv yaveqdv exfiaaiv ' avzol 8e GVfAfiorfti'fitiv ixftui- 
vovzeg cog av 8vvcovzai rd%i6za. 2. Tavza cvvd'e'fievot oi yev enoqev- 
ovzo nXlftog cog 8ig%iXioi '■ xal i8coq noXv i)v *'£ ovqavov ' Eevocpcov 8s 
£%cov zovg oTTiadocpvXaxag ijyuzo nqbg zr t v cpavtqav txfiaoiv, oncog 
zavzy zy odqi oi noXtjiiot nqogeyoiev rbv vovv xal cog {idXiaza Xddoiev 
nzequovztg. 3. 'Entl 8e iifiav em yaqddqa oi bm-G-d ocpvXaxeg ryv 
eSei diafidvzag nqbg zb oqfliov Ixftaivtiv, z^vixavza ixvXivdovv oi 
fidqfiaqoi 6XoizQO%ovg dpahaiovg xal pti^ovg xal iXdxzovg [Xi&ovg], 
oi cptQoiAtvoi nqbg tag nizqag nzaiovttg dieacperdovcovzo ' xal nav- 
zdnaaiv ovde ntXdaat oiov z r { v zy tloodcp. 4. "Enoi 8s zchv Xo%a- 
ycor, el fjirj zavzrj 8vvaivzo, dXXrj eneiqcovzo ' xal zavza Inoiovv 
fli%Q l cxozog tyt'vtzo. 'Ettu 6t coovzo dcpavtig thai dniovzeg, zoze 
dnr i X-0'Ov ml zb 8tXnvov' hvyy^avov 8\ xal dvdqinzoi ovztg avzcov 
oi 6niadoqvXaxr t oavzeg. Oi fitvzoi7ioXtfiioi,cfo^oifAevoi 87{Xov ozi, 
old inavoavzo 8i oXrjg ztjg vvxzog xvXiv8ovvztg zovg Xidovg' 
zexuaiqta'Oca 5' i]v zqj ipoqco. 5. Oi 8s k%ovzeg zbv r t yefi6va f 
xvxXcp nzquovzeg xazaXan^dvovci zovg qvXaxag dpcpl nvq xa&rj- 
lilvovg ' xal zovg fxlv xazaxavovzeg zovg 8e xaza8ico"E,avzeg avzoi 
ivzavfta £(A£vov cog zb axqov xazfyovzeg. 6. Oi 8 ov xazelyov, 



LIB. IV. CAP. II. 85 

allot [ictGTog i]v vtteq avzcov naq ov i]v tj Gzevq avzq 68bg ecp y 
ixd&qvzo oi cpvlaxEg. "Ecpodog ytevzot avzi#EV enl zovg Tzole^iiovg 
r\v oi em zlj cpavepa 68aj exd&qvzo. 

7. Kal zi]v [A€v vvxza evzav&a Si.qyayov. 'Enel 8s ?)[xsQd 
vnecpatvEv enoqevovzo my% GvvzEzay\iivot em zovg nolsfiiovg ' xat 
ydq bfAiy}.q eyevezo, agze ela&ov eyyvg nqogeld^ovzeg. 'Enel 8s 
eldov dllqlovg, v zs Galmyt, eneepdey^azo xal dlald^avzeg oi 
EllqvEg ievzo em zovg d.v&qco7zovg ' oi cf ovx e8e$avzo, alia 
ImCvzeg zqv 68bv cpevyovzeg bliyot dnt&vqGxov ' evt,covot ydq 
r t Gav. 8. Oi #' dpcpl XeiqtGocpov dxovGavzsg zqg adlmyyog ev&vg 
ievzo dvco nurd zqv cpaveqdv 68ov ' allot 8e zcov Gzqazqycov nata 
dzqtfielg 68ovg eitoqevovzo ?] hv^ov exaGzot ovzeg, xal avafidvzEg 
cog edvvavzo dvtfxcov dllqlovg zolg dooaai. 9. Kal ovzot nqcozot 
avvifu^av zolg nqoxazalafiovGt zb y^coqiov. Sevocpcov 8e, e%cov zcov 
omG&oqivldxcov zovg q/AtGEtg, enoqeveio r t 7teq oi zbv r\ye\iova eyov- 
zeg ' Evo8cozdzq ydq r\v zolg vno^vyiotg ' zovg tf rj^laug omodev 
zcav vnoQvyicov eza^e. 10. nooEvo/jevoi tf evzvy^dvovGt loepep 
vneq zqg 68ov xaz£ihjfi[A.t'tm vnb zcov nole\iicov, ovg rj dnoxoxvat 
ryv dvdyxtj tj 8ie^ev^&ai, dnb zcov dllcov 'Ellqvcov. Kal alzoi 
fAev dv enoqevdqGav r}neq oi allot ' zd 8' vno'Qvyta ovx rp ally r\ 
zavzy ixpijvdi. 11. "Ev&a 8q 7iaqaxelevGdfievoi dllqloig nqog- 
fidllovat Tzqbg zbv locpov oo&iotg zolg lo%oig, ov xvxlcg alia xa- 
zalmovztg dcpo8ov zolg 7Zole{iioig y el ftovlotvzo qtevyetv. 12. Kai 
zecog fiev avzovg dvafiaivovzag otzjj iSvvavzo txaazog oi fidgfiaqoi 
ezo'&vov xal eftallov, eyyvg 8' ov nqogtevzo, alia Cfvyf { Ieitzovgi 
zb i&oiov. Kal zovzov ze TiaoElrjlvd-tGav oi "Elltjveg xal ezeqov 
oqcogiv efj,7TQOG&8v locpov xaitjoftevov, em zovzov av&ig e8oxet 
nootv.zG&ai. 13. 'Evvofaag 8' 6 Zevocpcov ^ el egi^ov xazaletnot 
zbv rjlcoxoza locpov, xal ndltv lafiovzeg oi nole'fAtot im&olvzo 
volg vnotvyioig naotovaiv, {enl nolv 8e l\v zd vno'Qvyta dze Sid 
azevljg zqg 68ov nooevofiEva,) xazaletnet em zov locpov loiayovg 
KqcpiGoScoQOV KqcpiGocpcovzog 'A&rjvalov xal 'A\iqsixodzr]v 'ApcpiSq- 
fxov 'A&qvalov xal 'Aq%ayoqav 'Aoyelov cpvydSa ' avzbg 8e gvv 
zolg loinolg etzoqevezo em zbv Sevzeqov locpov, xal zep avzco zqottcd 
xal zovzov aigovGiv. 14. "Ezt 8' avzolg zqizog fxaGzbg lotnbg ?jv 
nolv oodtcozazog 6 v7ieo z?jg em zcl) tzvqI xazalqcp&etGqg cpvlaxljg zqg 

8 



86 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

vvxzbg vnb zcov i&slovzwv. 15. 3 EtzeI<¥ iyyvg iyivovzo ol Ellrjvsg, 
IsinovGiv ol ftdqftaqoi dftafflzl zbv ^aazov ' cogzs ftavfiaazov 7taai 
yevt'o&ai xal imconzsvov 8siGavzag avzovg fir] xvxlcodivzEg nohoq- 
xoTvzo anolmsiv. Ol 8s aqa anb zov dxqov xa&oqwvzEg zd bnia-&£V 
yiyv6(JLEva ndvzsg inl zovg dniGftoqivlaxag iycoqovv. 

16. Kal Esvocpcov fxsv avv zoig vscazdzoig dvifiaivEv ini zb 
axqov, zovg 5' allovg ixtlsvcrEv vndysiv, oncog ol zslsvzaloi loyoi 
TTOogpi^siav ' xal nqosldovzag xazd zrjv 68bv iv zcp b^alco &ea&at 
id onla slnEV. 17. Kal iv zovzqi zco %q6vcx> r[K$Ev ^Aqyayoqag 
6 Aqysiog nscpEvychg xal liysi cog dnsxonrjaav anb zov nqcorov 
Xocpov xal ozi TE&vdcu Kqcpioodojoog xal 'Aficpixqdzrjg xai allot 
oaoi, p/ dllo/iiEvoi xazd trig nizqag nqbg tovg bmodocpvlaxag 
dcplxovzo. 18. Tavza 8s 8ianqa^d[uvoi ol ftdqftaqoi r t xov in 
dvrlnoqov locpov zep fxaazco' xal AEvocpcov 8islsyEzo ai>zo?g 8i 
ZQfxrivbcag nsql anovScov xal zovg vsxqovg dmjzEi. 19. Ol cf scpa- 
<sav dno8coaEtv iqp q) \ir\ xalsiv zdg xcofxag. £vvco[iol6yEi zavza 
6 Esvocpcov. 'Ev cb ds zb [lev alio GzqdzEV[xa naqijsi, ol 8s zavza 
8isliyovzo, ndvzsg ot in zovzov zov zonov GWEqqvr^av ivza'v&a 
lozavzo ol nolsfiioi. 20. Kal insl iqq^avzo xaza$aivsiv anb zov 
(.taozov nqog zovg dllovg svda zd onla exeivzo, ievzo drj ol noli- 
fiiot nollcp nlrj-frsi xal -doqvftcp ' xal insl iysvovzo inl zl]g xoqvcprjg 
zov fiaazov dep ov Eavocpav xazs'fiaivEv, sxvlirdovv nizqag ' xal 
hog fiev xazia^av zb axtlog, Esvocpcovza 8s 6 vnacrnt6zijg s\cov 
z\v danl8a dnilinsv' 21. Evqvloyog ds Aovaisvg "Aqxdg noogs'- 
dqafXEV avzeo 07illzt]g, xal nob dficpoiv nooftEftlri[i£vog dns/coost,, xa<> 
ol allot nobg zovg cvvzEzayytivovg antjldov. 

22. "E.x 8s zovzov nav dfxov lysvszo zb ' Ellijvixbv, xal iaxtjvq- 
6av avzo~v iv nollalg xai xalalg olxlaig xal inizT]88i'oig 8aypilsoi ' 
xal yaq olvog nolvg ?]v, ov iv Idxxoig xoviazotg eJ%ov. 23. aevo- 
epeov 8s xal XstqiGOCpog 8iE7Tqa"£avzo cogzs lafiovzsg zovg vsxqovg 
dnsdoaav zbv 7]yE\iova ' xal ndvza inohjaav zoig dno&avovaiv ix 
zcov dvvazcov cognsq vo\iiC,Ezai dv8qa6iv dya&oTg. 24. Ty tf 
vazsqaia dvsv riyspovog inoqsvovzo ' \iaib\iEvoi 8' ol nolifAioi 
xal oni] ei'tj gzevov %coqiov nqoxaxalay^dvovzEg exojIvov zdg 
naqo8ovg. 25. ' Onoze \isv ow zovg nqcozovg xwlvoisv, AEvocpcov 
omo&ev ixfiawcov nqbg zd oqri elvs zijv dnocpqahv zr ( g naqoSov 



LIB. IV. CAP. III. 87 

xoig nqcozoig uvcozz'qco TZEiqcousvog yiyvEG&ai xcov y.colvovxcov ' 26. 
ottois ds xoig ottig&ev sniilolvzo, XstqiGocpog ixfiaivcov y.ai nsiqcovtsvog 
dvcozt'qco yi'yrsG&ai xcov y.colvovzcov slvs xijv dnoqqahv xJjg naqo- 
dov zoi~g 07U6&EV, Kal asl ovzcog sftorftovv aXkrjXoig y.ai iGyvqcog 
duJj.cor stze^isIovzo. 27. 7 Hv ds y.ai bnozs ahzoTg xoig avaftdG 1 
nolld nqdyiiaza naqslyov ol 'pdqfiaqoi ndliv y.axafiaivovGiv ' ila- 
qqol yd.q jjGotv cogxs y.cu iyyv&ev cfEvyovzsg unotysvysiv ' ovdsv ydq 
slyov alio ij xo$a y.ul GCfEvdovag. 28. "AqiGzoi ds zo^ozai 'i t Gav' 
slyov ds ro>« iyyvg zqiTZtjyj], xd ds xo^ev t uaza nlsov tj diTzrjyt]' 
eily.ov ds xdg vsvqdg bnbrs xo^evoiev nqbg to y.dzco xov xo£ov xoj 
dgiGzsqcp nodi nqogpaivovzEg. Ta ds xotsvfiuxa Z'/wqh did xcov 
aGjzfrdojv y.ai did xcov Ocoqdy.cov' iyqcovxo ds avzolg oV'Ellqvsg 
insl Xdftoisv uy.ovzioig ivayy.vlcovzsg. ' Ev xovzoig xoig ycoqloig ol 
Koqxeg yqrjGificozazoi lytvovzo ' i L qys ds avxcov J£zqazoy.l7;g Kotjg. 

( 

CAP. III. 

1. TavT)]v cS av x)\v r^sqav r^liG&^Gav iv xaig xcofiatg xaig 

V7TSQ 70V TZsdlOV XOV 7TUod XOV K.SV7QIZT]V TZOXauOV, EVOOg cbg dmlE- 

&QOV, og OQi^Ei. zqv *Aq\isviav y.ai xtjv xcov Kaqdovycov ycoqav ' y.ai 
ol "Ellrivsg ivxav&a dvsizavGavxo aGfisvoi idovxsg nsdiov ' dnEiys 
ds xcov bqscov 6 noxa^ibg cog t£ ?/ STZxd Gxddia xcov Kaqdovycov. 2. 
Toze fxh olv rivliGd-riGav \idla ^dtcog xal xd Iniz^dsia tyovzsg y.ul 
TTtlld rcov TTaijsl^lv^oiociv novcov fivTjfjLOvsvovTsg. *Enzd ydq 
r^xtqag oGugrxso snoQsv&qGav did xcov Kaqdovycov naGag potyo- 

\IEV01 dlEXb'lEGC/.V, '/.ul S7ZU&0V XOL'/.d OGCi Ovdl xd GV\l7l(LVX0L V7T0 

§(iGilscog Kal TiGGayEQVovg. 'Qg ovv dTxylXayfisvoi xovzcov rjds'cog 
ixoifirjd-qaoLV. 

3. "A\iCL ds xy resort, oqcogiv inniag txov nsqav xov noxa^iov 
itconliG\iEvovg cog xcolvGovzag diaftaivsiv' 7zst,ovg d' inl xccig 
oyd-aig naqaxExay^-ivovg dvco xcov innscov cog xcolvGovxag sig xr\v 
'Aqixeviolv ixftaivEiv. 4. ^Hgolv ds ovxoi ' Oqovxov y.ai Aqzovyov 
Aqfitviot, y.ai Maqdonoi y.ai Xaldaioi pLiG&oq;6qoi. 'Elt'yovxo ds 
ol Xaldaioi llsvdEqoLXE y.ai uly.i\ioi flvai' onla 8 slyov ysqqa pa- 
xgd y.al Xoyyag. 5. Al ds oy&ai avxai icp cov n aq ax ex ay p&oi 
ovxoi r^Gar xqla rj xsxxaqa TtXt&qa dtio xov noxa\iov aTisTyov • 



88 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

odbg ds fila r) oQcofAsvi] i\v dyovGa dvco cogneg yeigonoin\rog ' tavry 
insipcovro diafiaiveiv ol "EXXrjveg. 6. 'Enel ds neipcofievoig to re 
vdcop vnsp rcov \iacrcov icpanezo, xal TQayyg i\v 6 nora\ibg fieydXoig 
Xl&oig xal 6XiG&/]poig, xal owe iv rep vdari ra onXa f)v syeiv ' ei 
ds fi7], tJQna&v 6 nora\iog ' inl re rrjg xecpaXrjg ra onXa u rig 
qiipoi, yvfivol iylyvovro npbg ra ro^evfiara xal ra alia $£Xr\' 
dve^coQi]Gav ovv xal avxov icrgaronedevGavro naga rbv nora\iov. 

7. "Evda ds avrol rr\v ngoG&ev vvxra r^aav ini rov bgovg 
scogcov rovg Kagdov%ovg noXXovg GvveiXeyfuvovg gvv roig onXoig' 
'Evrav&a dy noXXrj dOvpia i\v roig "EXXtjglv, ogcoGi y.sv rov nora- 
\iov rrjv dvgnogiav, ogcoGi ds rovg diafiaiveiv xcoXvGOvrag, ogcoGi ds 
roig diaftaivovGiv intxEiGops'vovg rovg Kagdov%ovg bniG&sv. C8. 
Tavrr\v fisv ovv r\v r^isgav xal rrjv vvxra efieivav iv noXXfj anogicc 
ovrsg. Sevocpcov ds bvag eldev ' sdo^ev iv nsdaig dedsG&ai, avrai 
ds awcp avro\iaroi negiQovrjVai, cogre Xv&r]vai xai diafiaiveivJ)n6- 
6ov ipovXero. 'Enel ds op&pog r)v sg%erai ngog rbv XeigiGocpov 
xal Xiyei on iXnidag fysi xaXcog eaea&af,' xai dirjyeirai avicp rb 
ovap. 9. '0 ds rider 6 re xal cog rd%icra ecog vne'cpaivev i&vovro 
ndvreg naoovreg ol Grgarrjyoi' xal ra tepa xaXa r)v ev&vg inl rov 
ngcozov. Kal dniovzeg dnb rcov legcov ol Grgarrjol xal Xo%ayol 
fiagi'iyyeXXov rq czgazia dgiGronoieiG&at. 10. 'AgiGzcovri ds rep 
Eevocfcovri ngogerge%ov dvo veaviGxco ' TjdeGav yap ndvreg on i£eirj 
avrcp xal dgiGrcovn xal demvovvri ngogeX&eiv xal el xa&evdoi 
ineyelgavra elneiv ei rig rt e%oi rcov ngog rbv noXe^ov. 11. Kal 
rore sXeyov on rvyydvoiev cppvyava GvXXsyovreg cog im nvg, 
xaneira xaridoiev iv rep negav iv nszgaig xaxryxovcjaig in 
awbv rbv norufihv yipovzd re xal yvvar/.a xal naidiGxag cognep 
fiapainovg i/Aaricov xarari&efisvovg iv nirpa dvrgcodei. 12. 'Jdovci 
ds GyiGi do^ai aGcpaXsg eivai diafirjvai ovds yap roig noXepioig 
InnevGi npogfyarov elvat xara rovro. ' Exdvvreg ds sqacav fyovreg 
ra iyysipidia yvfivol cog vevGovpevoi diafialveiv nopevofxevoi ds 
npoG&ev diaflaiveiv nglv @pe<*ai ra aldoia ' xal diafidvreg xal Xa- 
§6vreg ra Ifid.na ndXiv r\xeiv. "1 

13. Evdvg ovv 6 Zevocfcov avrog re ejnevde xal roXg veavt- 
cxoig iy%eiv ixiXevGE xal ev%eG&ai roig cprjvaGi &eoig zd re bvelgara 
xai rbv nopov xal ra Xoma dya&a, inirsXsGai. 2newag ds ev&vg 



LIB. IV. CAP. III. 89 

r t ys xovg vsavtGxovg naga xov XsioiGoyov ' xal dirjyovvxai xavxd 
14. 'AxovGag ds xal 6 XeiQiGOcpog Gnovddg inoisi. 2nsiGavxsg 
ds xoig {xlv dXXoig 7iaQ>]yytXXov GVGxsvd^sG&ai, avxol ds GvyxaXs- 
Gavzsg xovg Gzoazr^yovg i^ovXsvovzo on cog av xdXXiGza dta^cdsv 
xal xovg re E(i7TQoad€v vixqrsv xal vnb xcov bniG&sv (tijdsv naGyoisv 
xaxbv. 15. Kal sdo^sv avxoTg XsiQiGocpov fxsv r/ystG&ai y.al 
dtafiaivEtv iyovza to ijfiiGv xov GtQazsypazog, to ds jJ/mgv vnofts- 
vsvv gvv Stvocpcovzi ' xa ds vno^vyta xai xov byXov iv \isgco xovzcov 
dia^ut'vsiv. 16. 'Ensl ds xaXcog xavza slysv inoqsvovxo ' Tjyovvzo 
ds ol vsaviGxoi iv aQixyzsoot syovxsg xbv nozapov ' bdbg ds i\v im 
xryv didfiaoiv cog xszxaosg Gxddioi. 

17. rioosvousvcov d' avxcov dvzinaoi^SGav al xd^sig xcov Inni- 
co*'. 'Ensidq ds i]Gav xaxd zi\v bidfiaciv y.al xctg bylJag xov noxapov, 
etrevxo xd bnXa, xal avxbg nytozog XsioiGocpog GTScpavcoGdfxsvog 
y.al dnodvg iXapfiavs xa. onla xai xoig dXXoig ndai naoriyytXXe 
y,al xovg Xoyayovg ixsXsvsv dysiv xovg Xoyovg oQ&tovg, xobg jjlsv iv 
aQiaxsoct xovg ds iv dsha savxov. 18. Kai ol [isv [idvxsig iG<$a- 
yid^ovzo sig xov noxafxov ol ds noXsjuoi ixo^svov xs xal iacpsv 
dovcov ' dXX ovnco i^ixvovvxo. 19. 'Ens), ds xaXd qv. xa Gcpdyia, 
inaidviQov ndvzsg ol GXQaxicoxai y.al dvrjXdXa^ov ' gvvcoXoXv^ov 
ds xal al yvvaXxsg anaGai. IloXXal ydq TjGav ixaioai iv xco 
GXQazsifAazi. 

20. Kal XsiQiGocpog \isv ivsfiaivs xal ol gvv ixsivco 6 ds £svo- 
cpcov xcov 6niG$ocpvXdxcov Xaflcov xovg svi,covoxdxovg s&si ava xqd- 
xog ndXiv inl xov nooov xov xaxd xr\v sx^aGiv xr\v sig xa xcov 
Aq(jisvicov oqtj ' jTQog7io(ovfj,svog xavxtj diafidg dnoxXsiGEiv xovg 
Tzaod xov noza\ibv Ijinsig. 21. Olds noXsfiioi boavzeg ph xovg 
dpq)), XsiQiGoqov svnszwg xb vdcoQ TTSQwvxag, bqwvxsg ds xovg dpcpi 
Asvoyavxa fisovxag sig xovfiTzaXiVj dsiGavxsg fxrj d7ZoxXc(G&sit]aav 
ysvyovGiv ava xodxog cog TiQog xijv anb xov noxv.\xov sxfiaciv dvoo, 
'Ens! ds xaxd xi\v bdbv iytvovzo, sxsivov dvco nobg xb boog. 22. 
Avxiog ds b xr\v xd%iv sycov xwv Imzscov xal AiGylvr^g 6 xrjv xd^iv 
k%o3v xav nsXxaGxav xcov dpicpi XsioiGoqiov snsi sgjqcov ava xQaxog 
qsvyovxag, slnovxo ' ol ds Gzoaxicoxai ifiocov fiij dnoXsinsGdai 
dXXd Gvvexftaivsiv im xb boog. 23. XsioiGocpog d* av ins\ disfy, 
xovg fisv Inniag ovx idicoxsv, evOvg ds xaxd xdg TTQogtjxovGas 

8* 



90 EXPEDITIOCYR1. 

by&ag im zbv nozafibv i^tfiaivEv im zovg dvco noXEplovg. 01 8s 
dvco, bqmvzsg /aev zovg savzcov Inniag cpsvyovzag, bqcovzsg 8s 
bnXizag acpiGiv imovzag, ixXsinovGi za vnsq zov noza\iov dxqa. 

24c. Esvocpcov 8s iml za niqav scoqa xaXcog yiyv6[A£va, ansyco- 
QEt T7]v zayiGzr\v ngbg zb 8ia@aivov GzqdzEVfAa ' xal yaq ol Kaq- 
8ovyoi cpavsqol rfiq i\Gav sig to tte8iov xazafiaivovzsg cog imdrjGO- 
[aevoi ToTg zsXsvzaioig. 25. Kal XsiqiGocpog (aev za dvco xazEiys, 
Avxiog 8s gvv oXiyoig imyEiqriGag im8ico<*ai sXa@£ zcov Gxsvocpoqcov 
za vnoXEmbfiEva xal (aezo. zovzcov iG&lqzd ze xalljv xal ixTtcofAaza. 
26. Kai ra {Mv Gxsvocpoqa zcov 'EXXijvcov xai 6 byXog axfitjv 8is- 
fiaivs ' Esvocpcov 8s Gzqi^ag Ttobg zovg Kaq8ovyovg dvzia ra bn7.a 
s&szo ' xal naqriyysiXs roTg Xoyayoig xaz ivco/AOziag noiiqnaa&ai 
sxaGrov rbv savrov Xoyov, naq aanidag naqayayovzag rijv ivcofAO- 
riav im cpdXayyog ' xal rovg fisv Xoyayoig xai rovg ivoofA.oza.oyag 
nqbg rcov Kaodovycov isvai, ovqayovg ds xazaaz/jaaa&ai nqbg rov 
nozayiov. 

21. Ol 8s KaqSovyoi cog scoqcov zovg bmG&ocrjvXaxag zov oyXov 
%piXov[A£vovg xai bXiyovg rj8tj cpaivofAsvovg, ddzzov 8t] imQEGav 
q)8dg zivag a8ovzsg. '0 8s XsiqiGocpog, insl ra naq avzcp aacpa- 
Xcog slys, 7i£yL7i£i rtaqh Esvocpcovza zovg nsXzaazag xai Gcp£v8ovrjzag 
xai zo^ozag xal xeXevei ttoieiv b zi av 7taqayy£X7.ij. 28. : I8cov 8s 
avzovg 8ia@aivbvzag 6 Ssvocpcov 7i£fA\pag dyysXov xeXevei avrov 
[lEivai im zov irozafAOv \a)] 8taBdvrag • bzav 8 dq^covrai avzol 
8ia@aiv£iv, ivavzlovg ev&ev xal ev&ev Gcpcov i^fiaivEiv cog 8iafirjG0- 
[Atvovg, 8ij]yxvXio"fA£vovg zovg dxovziGzdg xal im§£^Xi]fA£vovg zovg 
ro<*6rag ' [At] nqoaoo 8s zov nozayiov nqofialvsiv. 29. Tore 8s 
naq savzop TTaqtjyysiXEv, in£i8dv 6q;£v8ov?] i^txvTjzai xal dcizlg 
ipoqiy, 7zaiavlaavzag dsiv asl sig zovg aoXsfAiovg • iriEiddv 8s dva- 
azqsxpooaiv ol no7J[Aioi xal ix zov nozafiov 6 oaXmyxzijg orjfitjvij zb 
noXsfAixbv, dvaczqixpavzag im 86qv Tjyua&ai [asv zovg ovqayovg, 
&£iv 8s ndvzag xal 8ia@aivsiv on zdytaza fj Exaazog zi\v zdhv 
Er/Ev, cog iayj i[A7To8i££iv dXXqXovg * bzi ovzog dqiazog egoizo bg av 
7zqcoTog iv top nlqav yt'vrjzai. 

30. Ol 8s Kaq8ovyoi bqcovzsg oXtyovg %8t] zovg Xomovg, ttoX- 
Tol ydq xal zcov [aeveiv zszayfAt'vcov coyovzo imiA£Xr\GbiAsvoi ol \asv 
VTio&yioov, ol 8s gxevcov, ol 8s szaiqcov, ivzavda 8lj inixsivzo 



LIB. IV. CAP. IV. 91 

&Qaak'(og xal i]qyovTO ocpevdovav xal to^eveiv. 31. Ol 8s v EXXrjvsg 
naiavtaavreg coq^rjGav Soo/ucp m avxovg ' ol 8' ovx id&avzo ' xal 
yaq tjaav dmXiG\ilvoi, cog [asv iv roig oqsGiv, Ixavcog nqbg to im~ 
doufieiv xal cpsvyEiv, nqbg 8s to elg %slqag 8sysGdai ov% Ixavoog. 
32. 'Ev tovtg) aqpaivei 6 GaXniyxTijg ■ xal ol [ih noXt'fMoi scpsvyov 
tzoXv hi -&aiTOV ' ol 8' ' EXXrjvsg to. ivavTia GtqtipavTEg scpsvyov 
8ia tov 7iOTa\iov oxi TayiGTa. 33. Tcov 8s TzoXs^iloiv ol \iiv Tiveg 
aiG&opsvoi ndXiv s8qa\iov ml tov noTanov xal to^svovTsg bXlyovg 
STQcoaav ' ol 8s noXXol xal nsqav ovtcov tmv 'EXXrfVwv hi cpavsqol 
rjvav cpsvyovTsg. 34. 01 8s v7iavTt]aavTsg av8qi£6(A£voi xal noog- 
coteqco tov xaiqov TTQOiovieg vgteqov twv \ieto. SsvocpavTog diepq- 
aav ndXiv ' xal STQoo&tjadv Tivsg xal tovtojv. 



CAP. IV. 

'EtzeI 8s 8is^ijaav, avvTa^d/AEvoi dfiqil {iegov fjftsqag moq£vd-ri- 
aav 8ia T?jg *Aq\i£viag ns8iov anav xal Xsiovg yqXoqovg ov [isTov 
tj nsvTs naqaoayyag ' ov yaq i\Gav s.yyvg tov noTa/xov xcojiai 8ia 
Tovg 7zoXs'(4.ovg Tohg rtqogTovg Kaq8ov/ovg. 2. Elg 8s ?jv dcpi'xovTO 
xcofirfV pisydXrj te iqv xal fiaGiXsiov eI%e T<p GaTqaTZtj, xal ml 
Talg nXsicxaig olxiaig Tvqasig STiijaav, miTrfisia 8> r\v 8a\piXtj. 3. 
EvTsvdEv 5' moqsv&^Gav GTadfiovg 8vo naqaadyyag 8sxa {i£yqig 
v7Teq?jX&ov Tag nr\yag tov Tiyqt]Tog noTanov. 'Evtev&sv 8? ino- 
qsv&rjGav GTa&fxovg Tqsig naqaadyyag nsvTExai8sxa ml tov 
TrjXsftoav noTa\iov. Oi>Tog 8' r\v fis'yag psv ov, xaXbg 8s' xapiat 
8s TtoXXal nsql tov noTa\iov ijaav. 4. '0 8s xoTtog oiiTog 'Aqfis- 
via ixaXeizo fj nqbg scnzqav. "Tnaqyog 8' tjv avTijg Tqqifia^og, 
6 xal ftamXsi yiXog ysvo\iEvog ' xai otiote naqsiij, ov8slg dXXog 
fiaGiXsa inl tov Innov dvsfiaXXsv. 5. OvTog TTqogrjXaasv Innsag 
s^oav, xal fzqo7i£fi\pag sqfitjvsa slnsv oti ^ovXoito 8iaXE%&r i vai ToTg 
dqyovGi. ToTg 8s GzqaTrjyoTg e8o%ev dxovaai ' xal nqogsX&ovTsg 
elg Enrjxoov qqwTcov xi &s'Xoi. 6. '0 8s eitiev oti GTisicaadai 
@ovXoito Iqp' oj \iy\te avTog Tovg "EXXqvag dSixsiv \ii\te ixsivovg xal- 
eiv Tag olxiag, XapifidvEiv te to. Emzrfisia ogcqv 8eoivto. "E8o<;8 
tavxa ToXg GTqaTr\yoXg xal SGnsiGavTO ml TovToig. 

7. 'Evtev&ev 8 moqsv'&r i Gav GTa&fiovg Tqelg dia tze8iov Ttaoo^ 



92 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

cdyyag 7T8vrsy.aidsy.ee ' xal Trjqf^a^og Ttaqrjxolovdzi 8%(av ttjv iav- 
tov dvvapiv dnsxcov cog dsxa oradiovg ' xal ayixovro slg ftaailsia 
y.al xcopag nsqi'S, nollag nollcov tcov snuridsicov fisaidg. 8. ^rqa- 
Tonsdsvo\isvcov tf avzwv yfyvsrai Trig vvxTog %ioov noXkr) ' xai 
eco&ev sdolzs dtaGxrjvrjGai rag td^sig xal rovg GrqaT^yovg xata rag 
y.cvpag' ov ydq scoqeov nolspiov ovdsva xal dccpalsg idoxsi shai 
did to Tzltjxrog rtjg %iovog. 9. 'Eviav&a s\ov navra ret smzrfisia 
oca sgtiv dya&a, isqsia, gitov, o'ivovg nalaiovg svcodsig, dctaqji- 
dag, oGTiQia navTodand. Tcov ds anoGxsdavvv\iivcov zivsg anb tov 
GrqaTonsdov slsyov on xazldoisv Gtodzsvpa xal vvxTcoq nolla 
nvQct cpaivoizo. 10. 'Edoxsi dt] zoig GTqaTrjoTg ovx aGcpalsg shai 
diaGxrjvovv, alia, Gvvayaysiv to orodTsvpa ndliv. 'Evzsvftsv gvv- 
rjldov xal ydq idoxsi diai&qid^siv. 11. Nvxzsqsvovzcov $ 
avzcov svzav&a snimnzsi %ioov anlszog, cogzs dnsxqv\ps xal to. 
onla xal zovg avftqconovg xazaxsipivovg ' xal to. vnot,vyia gvvs- 
Tiodiasv ?] yiwv ' xal nolvg oxvog l\v dviczaG&ai ' xazaxsipsvcov 
ydq alssivbv i]v t] %iwv smnsmcoxvla otco py Ttaqaoqvsiri. 12. 
3 Ens\ ds Asvoqcov szolpj]GS yvfxvbg cov avaczdg GyiQsiv \vla, Tax ^ v 
avaardg Tig xal allog ixsivov acpslofxsvog sayiosv. 13. 'Ex ds 
tovtov xal ol allot dvaGzdvTsg nvq sxaiov xal s%qiovto ' nolv 
yaq ivzav&a svqiGxszo XQiGpctj op ixqcovzo dvr ilai'ov, gvsiov xai 
GijcdfJiivov xal dfivyddlivov ix tcov nixqcov xai Tsqs^iv&ivov. 'Ex 

ds TCOV CiVZCOV ZOVZCOV Xal (JLVQOV SVQIGXSTO. 

14. Mszd Tama idoxsi ndliv diaGxrjvrjzs'ov shai slg rag 
xcopag slg Gziyag. "Ev&a dq ol czqazicozai gvv nollr^ xoavyi] xal 
Tjdovjj ysGav stiI Tag GTsyag xai ra sniTridsia ' ogoi ds ozs to ttqo- 
tsqov dnr\sGav Tag olxiag svinqriGav vnb T?jg ai-Crqiag dixr\v idi'do- 
cav xaxoog Gxrjvovvzsg. 15. 'Evtev&ev STispxpav T?jg vvxTog 
/Jr]/j,oxQaTrjv TspsviTrjv avdoag dovTsg snl ra oqr it svifa scpacav 
ol dnoGxsdawvixsvoi xadooav r« nvqd ' ovzog yaq idoxsi xal 
nqoTsqov Tiolla ijdrj dlrj&svGai Toiavra, to, ovxa ts cog ovra xal 
to. [a.?] ovTa wg ovx ovra. 16. IJoqsv&slg ds tcc fisv nvqa ovx 
scprj idsiv, drdqa ds Gvllafiav tjxsv dycov sxovra to^ov Tlsqcixov 
xal cpaqsrqav xal Gayaqiv otavnsq xal at 'Aiia^ovsg sxovgiv. 17. 
'EqcoTCQfisvog ds nodanbg siij, TltqG^g psv syrj slvai, noqsvsG&ui ds 
ano tov Tr}qipd£ov GTqaTSvparog, oncog smTrfisia lafioi. 01 8 



LIB. IV. CAP. V. 93 

tjqcotodv avzbv rb GzodzEVfAa otiogov te strj xat im rtvi gvveiXe- 
yfisvov. 18. '0 8s eIttev ozt TrjQifia'C.og eltj sycov iiqv ts iavzov 
bvvctfuv xal iiiG&otyooovg XdXvfiag xal Taoyovg ' TtaoEGXEvaGdai 
ds avzbv E(prj dog im zfj vrtsQ^oXy zov boovg iv zoig Gzsvotg ynsq 
ftovayj} Eirj Tzoosta, ivzav&a im&qGoptEvov TOtg^EXXrjGtv. 

19. "AxovGaGt roig GTqazr\yoXg zavza e8o%e to GTqaT£v\ia 
cvvayaystv ' xal svdvg, cpvXaxag xazaXinovzsg xal GTQaz?]ybv im 
roig fiEvovai JZoyaivszov HzvpydXtov, inoosvovzo, syovzsg rjys^ova 
tbv dXovza av&Qconov. 20. 'Ensi8lj 8s VTZEoifiaXXov zd oqij, ol 
7i eXraGt at TTQoiovzsg xal xazt8ovzsg to GzoazomSov ovx s\isivav 
■zovg bnXizag, akX avaxqaybvzsg s&sov inl to Gzoazortadov. 21. 
01 8s ftdofiaoot dxovoavzsg tbv fioovfiov ovy vm-'fiEivav, ail' scpEv- 
yov ' opcog ds xal dns&avov Tivsg tear fiaofidowv ' xal mnoi 
tjlcoGav slg EtxoGt, xal r\ Gxqvr] tj Tr t Qi^d^ov sdXco xat iv avzrj xXt- 
vat doyvgoTZodsg y.ai ixna^iaza xat ot aoToxonot xat ol otvoyoot 
qjdGxovzsg slvat. 22. 3 '■-EwstSrj 8s inv&ovzo ravza oi tcqv bnlizcov 
Gzqazijyol, iSoxst dvzotg dmivat z\v TayiGz^v inl zb GzoazonsSov, 
{iY[ zig ini&EGig ysvotzo roig xazaXsXsiniiivoig. Kal svdvg dvaxa- 
XsGupsvot 77/ GaXmyyt d.n^sGav xal dopixovzo av&rj^EQov inl to 
Gzqaz6ns8ov. 

CAP. V. 

1. Ty tf vGZEoaia i8oxst noQEvzsov slvat onr] Svvaivto rdyiGza, 
tzq\v tj GvXXsyljvai zb Gzodzsvpa ndXtv xal xazaXafisiv id Gzsvd. 
£vGX8vaGd(i£voi ft Ev&vg inoQEvovzo 8id ytovog noXXHjg rjys^tovag 
cyovzsg noXXovg • xal av&tj^EQOv vnsQ^aXovzsg zb dxqov icp cp 
e^eXXev imzi&EGd-ai Tijqi^a^og xazsGzqaTonsSsvGavzo. 2. 'Evzev- 
flsv inoqsv&ijGav Gza&iiovg iqfyovs zqsig naqaGayyag nsvTsxat- 
dsxa im zbv Evq)odz?]v nozafibv, xal 8itfiaivov avzbv fiosyofiEvot 
TTobg zbv buqaXov. 'EXiyovzo 8s avzov al mjyal oh ttqogoj slvat, 
3. 'EvzEvdsv inoQEvovzo 8td ytovog TioXXtjg xal ns8tov Gza&fiobg 
ZQSig naoaGayyag nsvzExai8sxa. '0 8s zgtzog iyivszo yaXsnbg 
xat avsfiog fiooodg ivavztog sm'Et, navtdnaGiv anoxaicxiv ndvza 
xal m}yvvg zovg avdomnovg. 4. "Evda 8\ zcov ^dvzscav Tig sins 
Gcpayid&G&at to} dvs\ucp • xal Gcpayid&Tat ' xal ttcHgi 8tj Tiegicpu- 



94 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

vcog s8o^e Xr/^ai to yaXsnovTov nvEVfiatog. ^Hv 8s T?jg yiovog to 
fict&og oqyvid * cogrs xcu tcov vno'Qvyicov xcu iwv dv8qan68cov 
noXXa dncoXsro, xui tcov GTqctTicotcov cog TqidxovTU. 5. /lisysvovTO 
8s t\v vvxtol nvq xaiovTsg - %vXa 8' yv iv rep atadfAco noXXd ' ol 
8s oips nqogiovTsg %vXa ova slyov. Ol ovv ndXai qxovzsg xa\ nvq 
xaiovTsg ov nqogisaav nqbg to nvq Tovg 6\pi£ovTctg, si p/ \ietol- 
8olsv avToIg nvqovg rj alio ti cov syoisv fiqcoTOv. 6. Ev&ct 8rj 
fA,ETs8t8o6av dXXijXotg cov slyov txaazoi. "Ev&a 8s to nvq ixauto, 
8(aT7]xofj.8i'7]g zijg. yiovog §6&qoi iyiyvovzo psydXoi sgTE im to 8dne- 
8ov ' ov 8>] naqrjv {ietqeiv to fid&og trig yiovog. 

7. 'Evzev&ev 8s t)]v miovaav ijfxsQav oXrjv inoqsvovzo 8ia 

yiOVOg, XCU TToXXol TCOV dv&QCOnCOV ifiovXifiictGccv. Esvocpcov 8s OTll- 

cdoqivXaxcov xal xazaXa^d-vcov tovg ninzovtag tcov dvdqconcov 
TjyvoEi b ti to nd&og e'i'ij. 8. * Enei8ri 8s sins Tig avzcp tcov ipnEi- 
qcov oti aacpcog fiovXifucoGi xal idv ti cpdycoaiv dvaazijcJovTai, 
nsqucov nsq) tcc vno^vyia, ei nov ti oqmrj fiqcoTov, 8ie8i8ov xai 8isn£fA- 
TiE 8i86vT<xg Tovg Svvafts'vovg naqazqiysiv Toig fiovXifiicoGiv- 
'EnsiStj 8s ti rpqjdyoiEv, dviGzavzo xal inoqsvovzo. 9. JIoqevo^svcov 
8s Xsiqiaocpog fisv dpcpl xvscpag nqbg xcofirjv dcpixvsizai, xai 
vSqocpoqovcjag ix Tijg xc6fir t g nqbg Trj xqrjvri yvvaixag xai xoqag 
xaTOtXafjfidvEi sixnQoodEv zov EQV(iaTog. 10. Avzai tjqcotcov av- 
Tovg Tivsg shv. ( 8s iquqveyg sins Hsqaiczl ozi naqd fiaaiXs'cog 
noqsvoivzo nqbg Toy Gazqdnr\v. Al 8s dnsxqivavzo oti ovx 
ivzavda Ei'rj, dXX dns\oi oaov naqaadyy^v. Ol 8\ insl bxps ?jv, 
nqbg tov xcopdqpjv GWEigsq^ovrai sig to sqv^ia o~vv Taig v8qoq>o- 
qoig. 1 1. Xsiqiaocpog [ih ovv xa) oaoi i8vvrjdi]aav tov CTQatsv^aTog 
iviavda EGTQaT07ZE8Evoavro ' tcov 8' dXXcov OTqazicoTcov ol \ir\ 
8vvdfisvoi SiaTsXtaui t\v 68bv IvvyasQEvaav dairoi xcu avsv nvqog ' 
Kal zvTCiv&d Tivsg dncoXovTO tcov CTqaticotcov. 12. 'EcpsinovTo 
8s tcov noXs\iicov avvEiXEy/isvoi Tivsg xai tu firj 8vvdfiEva tcov vno- 
'Qvyicov iiqnaQov xcu dXXyXoig ifidxovzo tteoI clvtcov. 'EXeitzovto 8s 
xcu tcov GTQazicoTcov oi te 8i£q>&aqfisvoi vnb Tijg yiovog Tovg bcpd-aX- 
povg oi te vnb tov \pvyovg Tovg 8cv/avXovg tcov no8cov dnoGEGij- 
nozsg. 13. ^Hv 8s ToTg jih ocp&aXfioig £ni'AOvq?][ia trjg yiovog et 
Tig \isXav ti sycov hqo tcov oyd-uXpcov noqsvoiTO ' tcov 8s no8cov, ei 
Tig aivoito xcii fnfisnoTE rjcjvyiav syoi xai el tt\v vvxtu. vnoXvoito. 



LIB. IV. CAP. V. 95 

14. "Ogoi 8s vtio8e8eiievoi sxoipcovzo, £ig£8vovro elg rovg n68ag ol 
ipuvrsg xal ra imo8/j{iaza TiEQiETZi'iyvvvzo ' xal ydo rjGav, insidrj 
E7ieXi7ZE zd do^aia v7Zo8q^iaza, xaoftazivai avzoig TzSTtotrj'-fisvai ex 
rmv vsoSdozav ftocov. 15. Aidzdgzoiavzag ovv dvdyxag vtzeXemov- 
zo zivsg zcov GtoazKozav ' xal iSovrsg fxsXav ri %(oqiov 8id to exXeXoi- 
Tzt'vca avzo&i zijv %iova, slxa'Qov rsrrjxsvai ' xal rsrrjxei 8id xgrpftv 
nvd tj Tikrfiiov \v dzyiiXovGa iv vdnr[. 'Evzav&a ixzoanofisvoi 
ixa&yvro xal ova scpaGav nooEVEGdai. 16. ' 8s Esvocpav, fycov 
orziGdocpvXa-xag u>g ijg&ezo, ideiro aiizcov naG\[ zejvXI xai f^)]X av ll 

fit] a7T0lEL7ZEGd'CU; XiyCOV OZl ETZOVZai TZoXXol TZoXs'fllOl GWElXsyflEVOl ' 

xal teXevzcov ivaXinaivEv. Ol 8s Gcpdzzsiv ixs'Xsvov ' ov ydq Uv 
dvvaG&ai TZOQEvdlfvai. 17. 'Evzav&a e8o^e xgdziGzov eivai zobg 
ETioiisvovg zzoXspiovg cpofiTjGai, el rig Svvaizo, /jJ] etzioiev roig 
xdfivovGi. Kal i]v jiisv Gxozog ?^8t], ol ds 7ZQogrj£Gav ttoXXw tioovficp, 
dfiqil (ov sr/ov 8iacpso6 t uEvoi. 18. * Ev&a 8)] ol [xsv oniGQoqivXaxEg 
azs vyiaivovzEg i^avaGzdvzsg i'8Qa[A0v eig tovg 7zoXs(iiovg ' ol 8s 
xdftvovzsg, dvaxoayovzsg ogov ij8vvavzo psyiGzov, rag <XG7zi8ag 
TTohg ra 86oaza Exqovaav. 01 8s noXs\Aioi 8siGavrsg rjxav saviovg 
xaza zrjg yiovog sig z\v vdnqv xal ovSslg hi ovftafiov (oppsyZazp. 
19. Kal Ssvocpcov fuv xal ol gvv avzqt, sinovzEg roig aG&svov- 
giv on r\\ vGzsoaia tj^ovgi nvsg in avzovg, noqsvoftsvot, ngiv 
rizzaqa Grd8ia 8ieX6eiv, ivrvyxdvovGiv iv ry 68oj avanavofxivoig 
£7ii rljg %iovog roig Gzqazicozaig iyxsxaXvpifiEvoig, xai ov8s cpvXaxrj 
ovSsfu'a xadsiGzqxEi ' xal dviGzaGav avrovg. 20. Ol ft sXtyov 
ozi ol spTZQOGdsv ov% v7Zo%g}ooTev. 'O 8s TiaQiwv xal naoanEii- 
7icov rcov TiaXraGzaiv rovg iG^vgozdzovg exe'Xeve GXE\paG&ai zi erij 
rb xojXvov. Ol 8s dnt'jyyEXXov on oXov ovzcog dvanavoizo zb 
GZQazEvua. 21. 'Evzav&a xal ol 7TeqI Esvocpcovza i]vXiG0rjGav au- 
rov avEV nvobg xal aSeinvoi, cpvXaxdg olag iSvvavzo xazaGzipd- 
fxEvoi. 'Ettei 8s rtobg rjiisqav 7jv, 6 psv Esvoqtojr, TTE^ixpag riobg zoug 
aG&Evovvrag rovg vE(ozdzovg, avaGzrJGavzag exeXevgev dvayxdtsiv 
TZQo'iivai. 22. 'Ev 8s zovzop XsiQiGoyog nE^ntEi zav ex z~i\g xufitjg 
GXExpopsvovg Tiwg exoiev ol zsXsvzaioi. Ol 8s aG^svoi i86vzsg 
rovg psv aG&svovvzag rovzoig naQs8oGav xofii^siv ejzI rb Gzqazo- 
ns8ov, avzol 8s etzoqevovzo ' xal tzqIv eixogi Gzd8ia SiEXyXv&s'vai 
TjGav TiQog rij xcoprj, svda XztQiGOtpog tjv).i£ero, 23. ' EtteI 8s 



96 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

cvvsysvovto dXXrjXoig, sdo^s xatd tag xcofiag aGcpaXsg shai rag 
td^sig Gxtjvovv. Kal XsigiGoyog fxsv avtov e[aevev, ol ds dXXoi, 
diaXayovtsg ag icogcov xapag inogsvovto, sxaGtoi tovg savtmv 

£%OVZEg. 

24. "Ev&a 8ij TloXvxgdz^g ^{^ijvaiog Xoyaybg ixsXsvGEv dcpiE- 
vai avtov ' xai Xafioov tovg sv^covovg, fttwv inl t?jv xco^v ijv 
SiXr^Ei Esvoydov xataXafjfidvsi ndvtag svdov rovg xcofirjtag xal 
tbv xojfidg/^v ' xal ncoXovg Eig dac^ibv fiaoilu tgsyofAEvovg snta- 
xaidsxa ' xal trjv dvyazsga tov xcofidgyov, ivvdtrjv rjfAsgav ysya- 
[trffidvifp ' 6 ds dv?jQ avttjg Xayag tyysio dygaGcov, xal ov% tjXco iv 
taig xcofiaig. 25. udl ft oixi'ai rfiav xazdysioi, to (aev Gto\ia 
GjgnEQ (pQEurog, xdtco d' svgsiai ' at $ sigodoi toig [aev vno^vyiovg 
ogvxtal, ol ds dvdgco7zoi xatsfiaivov inl xXi\iaxog. 'Ev 6s taig 
olxiaig r^av aiysg, oisg, §6sg, bgvi&sg, xal td sxyova tovtcov ' ta 
ds xxi]vr\ ndvza yiXo) svdov izgscpovto. 26. ^Haav ds xal nvgol 
xal xgc&al xal oonoia xal oivog xgi&ivog iv xgatijgGiv * ivrjoav ds 
xal avzal at xgi&ai iGo%£iXsTg ' xal xdXaiioi ivixsivto, ol fisv [xel- 
£ovg ol ds iXdztovg, ybvata ovx s^ovtsg. 27. Tovtovg 8 sd£i, 
bnozs tig dixpm?], Xa^bvta sig to Gzopa uvtsiv ' xal ndvv dxgazog 
yv, ei \iri rig vdcog intysoi ' xal ndvv Tjdv avfifiadovzi to nbiia \v. 

28. ■ ds Esvocpdov tbv \isv agyovta trjg xcoprjg tavtr t g gvv- 
dsiTivov inoirjaaro xal ^aggsTv avtov exeXeve, Xs'ycov bti ovze tcov 
ze'xvcov GZEQijGOizo ti\v ts oixiav avtov avtEimXrjGavtEg rav E7ZIZ7]- 
dsicov dfriaGiv, rjv ay a&ov ti too GzgatsvfAati E^t]yr]GdfA,Evog opaivritai 
tgt dv iv dXXfp e&vei ysvavtai. 29. O ds tavza vniGyvslto, xal 
cptXocpgovovfiEvog ohov scpgaGsv h&a 7]v xatogcogvyfxsvog. Tavtijv 
[xev ovv trjv vvxta diaGxqvrJGavzEg ovtcog iaoijiri&riGav iv naGiv 
dop&ovoig ndvzsg ol Grgazidozat, iv cpvXaxy syovzsg tbv x(a\idgiriv 
xal za tixva avtov bfiov iv ocp&aXpoig. 30. T-jj d' imovGT} tj(xe- 
ga AEvocpcov Xafiojv tbv xcQ[Adg%T]v ngbg XsigiGoyov inogsvEto . 
07Tov ds nagioi xcopyv, itginsto ngbg tovg iv talg xcopaig xal xa- 
t£Xd[A^ar£ navtayov Evwyovftsvovg xal Evd^vfxovfiEvovg, xal ovda- 
yiodEv dqiEGav, nglv nagadnvai avtoig dgiGtov' 31. ovx Ijv 5* 
o-ttov ov TiagEtidEGav inl t\v avzijv zgdnE^av xgsa dgvsia, igicpsia, 
%oiQEia, fiOG/sia, bgvi&Eia, gvv noXXolg dgzoig, toig {a.sv nvgivoig 
tolg ds xgidivoig. 32. ' Onbts ds zig cptXocpgovovpsvdg tqj ^ovXowq 



LIB. IV. CAP.. VI. 97 

BQomeTv, siXxsv inl zov xgazijga ' svdsv imxv\pavza e8ei gocpovvza 
nivsiv cognsg §ovv. Kai zco xcoftdgxy i8i8oaav Xatxfidvsiv 6 zi 
§ovXoizo. c 8s dXXo fxsv ov8sv idt'xezo' onov 8s ziva zcov crvy- 
ysvcov I'doi, ngbg savzbv dsl iXdfxfiavsv. 

33. 'Ensl 8s jjldov TtQog Xsigiaocpov, xazsXd^avov xdxsi- 
rovg axr^ovvzag, iazscpavcofiEvovg zov ^gov uXov azscpdvoig, xal 
Siaxovovvzag 'Agpsviovg 7zal8ag avv zaig fiagfiagixaig azoXaig ■ zoXg 
8s naiciv iSsixvvaav cogasg ivsoig o zi 8soi noisXv. 34. 'Eke\ 8s 
alXqlovg icpiXocpgovijaavzo Xsigiaocpog xal Ssvocpcov, xoivy 8rj avq- 
gcoxcov zov y.copdQXTjv 8id zov Trsgai&vzog sg^vscog zi'g eltj rj xcogee 
r #' ileyev ozt 'Agfisvla. Kai ndXiv fjgcozcov zivi ol Innoi zgs- 
qoivzo. c O <5' slsysv ozt (tacnXsi 8aa^i6g • z\v 8s TtXrjaiov %^qav 
$<p.rj slvai XdXvfiag, xal z?jv 68bv scpga&v fj siij. 35. Kai avzbv 
zozs y.sv <$%ezq dycov 6 Esvocpcov agog zovg savzov olxs'zag, xal In- 
Tiov op sD.rjcpsi naXaizsgov 8i8coai zqj xcofxagxy dva&gixpavzi xaza- 
&wai> ozt yy.ovGEv, avzbv hgbv slvai zov'HXlov, 8s8icog firj dno&dvri ' 
ixEy.dy.cozo ydg vnb zrjg nogslag' avzbg 8s zcov _ncoXcov Xafifidvst, 
xal zcov dXXcov azgazijytov xal Xoyaycov eScoxev ixdazco ncoXov. 
36. 7 H(jav 8' ol zavzy Innoi \iEiovsg psv zcov IIeqgixcqv, &v[iost8s'- 
czeqoi 8s TtoXv. ' Evzav&a 8r^ xal 8i8daxsi 6 xcofjLdgxrjg tteqi 
zovg n68ag zcov inncov xai zcov vnotvylcov aaxia tzeqieiXeiv, orav 
did zr>g %iovog dycoatv ' dvsv ydg zcov aaxicov xazs8vovzo fiEjgt 
zijg yaGZQog. 

CAP. VI. 

1. 'Etzsi 8s r^iga Ijv 6y86rj, zbv t usv qyspova 7taQa8i8coai Xei~ 
QiGocfcp, zovg 8' olxtzag xaraXemst zep xcofiaQxn, TtXqv zov vlov 
dgzi r$d<Jxovzog. Tovzov 5' ' Etiig&svei '^4 t ucpi77oXizr] TZagaSiScocn 
yvXazzEir, oncog ei xaXcog ijyriGOizo e/cov xai zovzov ctmoi. Kai 
Eig zr t v olxlav avzov eigEcpogqaav cog i8vvavzo 7i7^,Taza, xal dvat,Ev- 
\avzEg InogEvovzo. 2. HyEizo if avzolg 6 xcopdg%?ig XsXvfisvog 
8id yiovog. Kai ij8t] z jjv iv zco zgizqi czad-ficp xal XEigiaocpog 
avrcp i%aX£7idv&r] ozi ovx sig xcofiag rjyEV. 'O 8* sXsysv bzi ovx 
eiev iv zco zoncp zovzep. e 8s Xsigiaocpog avzbv maiGE psv, e8?jcts 
5' ov. 3. "Ey. 8s zovzov ixslvog zrjg vvxzbg aTroSgdg cgyszo xaza- 

9 



98 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

Xmcbv tbv vlov. Tovto ys 5// XsigiGoqico xal Asvocpcovn \iovov 
didcpogov iv ty nogsia iyivsto, t) tov ?)y£fi6vog xdxcoGig xal aptXeia. 
* EniGftivrfi ds yqdG'&t] ts tov naidbg xal o'l'xads xopiGag niGtotd- 

ZCp 8%QTjTO. 

4. Mstd tovro inogEv&rjGav mtd Gta$\iovg dvd tievze naga- 
Gayyag trig r^isgag nagd tbv <PctGiv norafiov, svgog nXE&giaTov. 
5. 'Evtsvdsv i7T0QEvdr]Gav Gta&fiovg dvo nagacdyyag dtxa ' im 
ds ty Eig to nsdlov vtzeq^oXt} a7irjvt7]Gav avtoig XdXvfisg xal Td- 
oyoi xal (PaGtavoi. 6. XstgiGocpog ds insl xatsids tovg noXEftiovg 
im 7i] VTTEQpolii, inavGato nogsvoiisvog, dniycov cog tgidxovta 
cradiovg, iva fir) xatd xtoag dycov TzXrjGiaGi] totg TroXspioig • na- 
Qi]yyEilE ds xal toig aXXoig nagdysw tovg X6%ovg, oncog im (pdXayyog 
ysvoito tb Gtgdzsvfia. 7. 'Ensl ds yX&ov ol omG&ocpvXaxEg, gvv- 
sxdlEGS tovg Gtgatrjyovg xa) Xo^ayovg, xal eXe^ev tods ' 

01 (iev noXifiioi, cog bgdts, xatsjovGi tag vnEg^oXdg tov ogovg . 
coga ds fiovXsvEG&ai oncog cog xdXkwta dyeonovfisda. 8. 'Efiol (jlev 
ovv doxsi TtagayslXai \isv dgiGt07zoiEiG-&ai toXg Gtgaticotaig, 

7](A.dg ds @OvXEVEG&ai EltE trjpsgoV EltE aVQIOV d0XEl V7ZEQ$dXXElV tb 

oqog. 9. 'Epol days, ecprj 6 KXsdvcog, doxsi, indv td^iGta dgiGtrjGco- 
Iiev, QonXiGaiiivovg cog tdyiGta iivai im tovg dvdgag. El ydg diatgi- 
xpofisv tijv trjfiEoov qfiigav, ol tE vvv oocovTsg rjfidg TzoXe'fiioi {raq- 
QaXscotEQoi EGOvtai xal dXXovg sixbg tovtcov tfaggovvtcov nXsiovg 
ftgogysvsG&ai. 

10. Met a tovtov Asvocpcov eiizev ' 3 Eyco 5' ovtco yiyvcoGxco ' ei 
fisv avdyxt] egzi fid^EG&ai, tovto dsi TzagaGXEvdcaGirai oncog cog xgd- 
ziGta \iaypv\iE$a ' ei ds fiovlopE&a cog gaGta vTiEgfiaXXsiv, tovto 
poi doxsi GXETitsov sTvai oncog cog iXd%iGta ph tqavfiata XaBcofiEVt 
cog iXdfiGta ds Gcofxata dvdocov ano^dXcoixEv. 11. Tb (a,sv ovv 
oqog iGtl tb bqcofiEvov nXiov tj icp s^i]xovta Gtd.dia, avdqsg tf ov- 
dafiov cpvXdtzovtsg r\iidg cyavEqoi eigiv dXX tj xata tavtrjv tr)v 
bdov ' noXv ovv xgsittov tov igrtfiov ogovg xal xXixpai ti nsigd- 
G&ai Xa&ovtag xal dgnaGai cp&aGavzag \v dvvco\iE$a \idXXov t) 
ngbg iG%vqd %cogia xal dvdgag TtagEGXEvaGfiivovg ixdftSG&ai. 12. 
TLoXv yag gaov og&iov d^a^sl Uvai r) opaXsg ev&ev xal EV-&EV no- 
Xsfiicov ovtcov • xal vvxtcog afxa^sl [xdXXov av td ngb nodcov bgcprj 
tig § (tExf rjfisgav pax6[A£vog ' xal r\ tgaysia toig ttogIv dfia%s} 



LIB. IV. CAP. VI. 99 

Iovgiv EvftsvEGtsqa ?] ofxaVt] tag xscpaldg (laXXofisvoig. 13. 
Kcu xlexpcu ovx ddvvatov fioi doxEi that, i<*bv fiev vvxtbg 
Uvaiy cog pi] bqaG&ai ' i$bv ds anEXd-Elv toGOvtov cog fir] 
a'iG&rfiiv Tzaqfyuv. Aoxov\iev L? av \ioi tavzy nqognoioviiE- 
voi nqog^dXXsiv iqr]^otsqcp av tcp aXXcp oqsi xqrJG&ai' [aevoiev 
ydq avtov (idXXov d&qooi oi 7ioXs)uoi. 14. 'Ataq ti iyeb 
tteqI xXo7Ttjg avfi^dXXofiai ; ' Tpag ydq tycoys, co XsiqiGoops, dxovco 
tovg AaxEoaijioviovg ogol egts tcov bpoicov sv&vg ix naidcov 
xXetiteiv \isXstav' xa\ ovx aiG%qbv slvai dXXd xaXbv xXintsiv 
oGa fit] xcoXvei vopog. 15. "Oncog ds (6g xqdtiGta xXs7itT]ts y,a\ 

7ZEIQO.G&E XavddvElV, VOfUftOV dqa VfUV EGtlV EO.V hjty&rJTE xXsTltOV- 

tsg [.iaGTiyovG&ai. Nvv ovv fidXa gol xaiqog egtiv imdsiizaG&ai 
trjv Tzaideiav, xai opvXd^aG&ai fXEvtoi fit] Xrjy&coftEv xXsntovzsg tov 
oqovg, cog fir] noXXdg nXiqydg Xd$co\isv. 

16. 'AXXa fiEVTOt, Ecprj 6 XsiqiGOcpog, xdycb v\idg tovg A&q- 
vaiovg axovco dsivovg sivai xXetiteiv td dqpoGia, xal fidXa ovtog 
dsivov tov xivdvvov tcp xXetitovti, xal tovg xqaTiGTOvg (xsvtoi ud- 
7.iGta, EiTiEQ vuiv oi xqdriGTOi aQ%£iv d^iovvrat' cogts G3Qa xal goI 
imdsixvvG&ai trjv Tiaidsiav. 17. 'Eycb fisv toivvv, E^rj 6 Asvoqtcov, 
Eroi[Aog eijii tovg bniGd-oqivXaxag sycov ETZEiddv dsmvrjGcopEv Uvai 
viataXrixpofiEvog to oqog. "E^co ds xal qysfiovag ' oi ydq yvpvrjtsg 
tcov s<yEno\iivcov r\yu,v xXconcov sXaQov tvrag EvsdqevGavtsg ' xai 
tovtcov Tzvv&dvofjiai on ovx abator egti to oqog, dXXa v(\iEtai 
ai£i v.a) ftovGiv ' wgzE Ev.vn£g ana's, Xdficofis'v n tov oqovg, $a%a xa\ 
zoig vnotyyioig EGtai. 18. 3 EXm£(o ds olds rovg noXE^tovg fis~ 

VEiV ETl ETZElodv i'dcOGlV tjpiag EV TQJ OflOlCp ETll 7COV d'AQCOV ' Ovds yctQ 

vvv e&eXovg'i xarafialvsiv r\\iiv sig to [gov. 19. c ds XsioiGoqiog 
sins ' Kal tl dsi gs Uvai aal Xsinsiv t\v omG&ocpvXaxiav ; dXt 
aXXovg 7iE[x\pov, av \ir\ tivsg e&eXovgioi yalvcovtai. 20. 3 Ex rov- 
tov 'AoiGTcowixog Ms&vdoisvg Eoystai bnXitag syvsv xal ''AqiGtiag 
Xiog yv\ivi]xag aal A r r/>6piaxog Oiraiog yvfivtjrag ' xcu Gvv&r^ia 
inoujGavro ottote s%oisv ta dv-qa nvqa naisiv noXXa. Tavta gvv-) 
ds'fxEvoi rjqiGTcov. 21. 'Ex 8s tov dqiGtov nqoriyaysv 6 XsiqiGoq)og 
to GtqdtEv\ia nav (6g dsxa Gt ad tovg nqbg tovg noXspiovg, onag cog 
fxdXtGta doxoiri tavty nqogd'hsiv. 

22. 3 E7ZEidrj d& idsinvriGav v.a\ vv% iysvEto, oi (uv rayfiivres 



100 EXPEDITIOCYRI. 

cfyovto, xat xaTaXa^dvovGi to oqog ' ol d' dXXoi aviov avsaaiov- 
to. 01 ds noXsfjisoi wg {[G&ovto ixofisrov to oqog, iyq^yoqEGav xal 
exaiov nvqd noXXd didvvxTog. 23. ^Ensidl] ds rjfxsqa iysvsTO Xsi- 
qiGocpog psv &v6afAtvog i\ys xaxa ttjv odov, oi ds to oqog xaTaXa- 
fiovTsg xaza ra dxqa In^sGav. 

24. Tojv 5' av noXsfiiav to fisv noXv s\isvsv im rrj vnsq^oXrj 
toy ogovg, fit'oog d' avTav dnrpTa roig xaTa za dxqa. IIqIv ds 
6[iov slvai Tovg noXXovg dXXr/Xoig GvpfuyvvovGtv ol xaTa, tot dxqa, 
xal vixaGiv ol EXXrjvsg xal dicoxovGiv. 25. 'Evtovtoj ds xai ol ix 
lov Tzsdiov ol [ih ttsXtugvuI twv 'EXXr^vrnv dqopcp s&sov nqbg zoig 
naqazszaynsvovg, XsiqiGOcpog ds ftddrjv rayv iqislnszo gvv tovg 
OTtliiaig. 26. Ol ds 7ioXs'{uoi ol im zy 6dcp insidij to dvco sojqcov 
7]ttc6[j,svov, opsvyovGi ' xal dns&avov \isv ov zioXXol avzcov, ys'ooa 
ds nd\inoXXa i&jfop&q' cc ol "EXXijvsg Tcug fia%aiqaig xonTOVTsg 
azQEia inoiovv. 21. c Qg d' avs^rjGav, ftwavTsg xal Tqonaiov 
GTtiG(x.(isvoi xaTsfrjGav eig to nedlov, xal elg xapag noXXav xal 
aya&cov ye^ovGag rjX&ov. 



CAP. VII. 

1. 'Ex ds tovtcov InoQSv&tiGav elg Tao'fpvg GTa&ftovg tisvts 
naqaGayyag zqidxovia' xal to. imr/jdEia insXiTis' ycoqia yaq 
qrxovv iGyvqd ol Tdoyoi, iv olg xal to. imtrfisia navta ei%ov 
avax£xo[MG(As'roi. 2. 'Enel ds acpixovTO eig %wqiov b noXiv plv ovx 
d%sv ovtf olxiag, GweXr^vd-ozeg 8 Ifiav avTOGS xal dvdqeg xal 
yvvalxsg xal xtjjv?] tzoXXci, XeiqiGoyog ph nqbg zovto nqogefiaX- 
Xev ev&vg ijxcov ' insidlj ds ?) nqmzri zdfyg ansxanvev, aXXrj noogrfii 
xal av&ig dXXrj ' ov yaq rp ddqooig nsqiGTi]vai, dXXa notapbg r& 
xvxXco. 3. 'Ensidl] ds Eevocpwv Ij.&s gvv Tolg bniG&ocpvXah xal 
nsXTaGTaig xal onXiTaig, ivxavfta d\ Xsysi XeiqiGocpog ' Elg xaXbv 
?jxsts ' to yao %(oqigv aiQSziov ' Tfi yao GTQazia ovx sgti Ta sni- 
T^dsia, si (.uj Xr{\p6ps&a to ywoiov. 

4. 'EvTav&a dl] xoivtj iftovXsvovzo • xal zov AsvocpoovTog 
EQCQTwvTog ti to xwXvov sir] slgsX&tiv, slnsv 6 XsiQLGoq)og ' i AXXk 
(iia avtri Tzaoodog sgtiv %v oqag ' orav ds rig ravzij nsiqaxat 



LIB. IV. CAR VII. 101 

naqisvai, xvXiv8ovgi Xi&ovg vnsq zavzijg zr)g vTZEqsxovGtjg nszqag* 
og 8' av xazaXrjQp&ri, ovzco 8iazi&szai. v A[ia d* edei^s 6vvzszqi\i- 
fie'vovg avftqconovg xal gxeXt] xal nXsvqdg. 5. *Hv 8s zovg Xi&ovg 
dvaXcoGcoGiv, scfr t 6 Asvoycov, dXXo zi i] ovdsv xcoXvei Tiaqdvai ; ov 
ydq 8/j ix zov ivavziov bqco^sv el py oXiyovg zovzovg dv&qconovg ' 
xal zovzcov 8vo rj zqsig conXi6{i£vovg. 6. To 8s ymqlov, cog xai av 
oqag, g%e8ov zqia ijiAinXsd-qd egziv o 8si $aXXo\isvovg SieX&eTv* 
Tovzov ds o6ov nXidqov dash uizvgi dicdeiTZovaaig {isydXaig, dvtf 
cov EGz^xozsg avdgsg zi av ndayoisv r) vnb zwv cfEqopsvcov Xi&cov ?? 
vno zcov xvXiv8ov{itvcov ; to Xoinbv ovv r)8i] yiyvszai cog 7]\iinXz- 
&qov,o 8st ozav XmtyfcmcJiv olXi&oiTzaQadoafiEiv. 7. 3 AX)! ev&vg, 
scpij 6 XsiQiciocpog, snsiodv aq^co^sd-a elg rb daav aqogisvai, tysqov- 
zai ol Xi&oi tzoXXoL Avzb av, sept], rb 8sov sir] ' &dzzov yaQ 
dvaXcoGOVGi zovg Xi&ovg. 'AXXd TroqEvcofiE&a ev&ev r)fuv fiixqov 
%i 7iaqa8qa\iEiv EGzai ijv dvvoofiE&a, xal dnsX&eTv qd8wv r)v fiovXco- 
f-isd-a. 

8. 'EvtEV&EV E7TOQEVOVTO XsiQlGOCpOg XOC AEVOCpCOV xai KaXXi- 

uaxog TladqaGtog Xoyayog ' (tovzov ydq ?) qyspovia r\v zcov bmGd-o- 
yvXdxcov Xo%aycov ixslvri zrj r)(x£qa ') ol 8s dXXoi Xoyayol e\ievov iv zcp 
aGCfaXsT. Mszd zovzo ovv a7T7JX&ov vnb zd 8sv8qa av&qconoi cog 
ifiSofirjxovza, ova a&qooi dXXd xatf sva. exaGzog qjvXazzofisvog 
ag iSvvazo. 9. 3 AyaGiag 8s 6 2zv[icpdXiog xal 'AqiGzcovvyiog Ms- 
&v8qt£vg xai ovzoi zcov omG&ocpvXdxcov Xoyayol ovzsg, xal dXXoi 8s, 
scpsGzaGav k%co zcov 8ev8qcov ' oh yag r^v aGcpaXeg iv zoig 8iv8qoig 
sGzdvai ttXeTov t} zbv sva Xoyov. 10. "Ev&a 8rj xal KaXXifiaxog 
firjxavdzai zi ' nqoizqEysv dnb zov 8sv8qov vcp cp r\v avzbg 8vo 7] 
zqla Qriiiaza ' insl 8s ol Xl&oi cpt'qoivzo, dvE^d^szo Evnszcog ■ icp 
SxaGztjg 8s nqoSqofxijg tzXeov rj 8sxa dfia^ai nszqcov dvrjXiGxovzo. 
1 1. 'O 8s 'AyaGiag cog bqa zbv K.aXXi[naypv cc etioiei, xal zb czqd- 
zevfia Tzav -frecopEvov, 8si6ag fit] ov nqcozog naqa8qdiioi elg zb 
ycoqiov, ovze zbv AqiGzcovvpov tzXtjgiov ovza naqaxaXsGag ovzs 
EvqvXoyov zbv AovGisa szalqovg ovzag ovz dXXov ov8s'va %coqeT 
avzbg, xal 7iaq£q%Ezai ndvzag. 12. ■ O 8s KaXXi(*a%og cog scoqa 
avzbv naqiovza, £mXa\.i$dv£zai avzov z?jg izvog ' iv 8s zovrep 
naqs&Ei avzovg 'AqiGzcovvfiog Ms&v8qiEvg, xal \iszd zovzov Evqv- 
Xo%og AovGiEvg ' ndvzsg ydg ovzoi dvzsnoiovvzo dqszr]g xal 8ir[- 

9* 



102 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

yoovl^ovto ttqoq aXh]Xovg ' xai ovtcog iqi^ovtsg alqovGi to %cqqiov. 
'Qg ydq ana's, Eigs'doapov, ovds)g Tittqog avooftsv ijvf^dt]. 13. 
'Evravda d)\ deivbv i)v ^ia^ia ' at ydq yvvalxsg qintovGai ta nai- 
dia Eita xal savtdg imxatEqqintovv ' xal ol dvdqsg oogavzmg. 
' Ev&a dq xai Aiviag ^tv\i^dXiog Xo%aybg Idoov tiva ftiovza oog 
qixpovta iavrbv GtoX\v 'fyovja xaX)\v imXa^dvEtai cog 
y.coXvGcov. 14. ' d' avtbv im-anarai, xal apyoteqoi ociyovto xa- 
ta toov nstqav cpsqofiEvoi xal aniftavov. 3 Evtev&ev dvdqooTtoi [aev 
ndvv oXiyoi iXr^&^aav, ftosg ds xai ovoi tzoXXoI xal nqofiata. 

15. 'Evtsv&sv inoqEv&ijGav did XaXvfioov Gta&ftovg snza naqa- 
cdyyag TTEvtrjxovta. Ovtoi r t oav cov du]X-&ov dXxifi(6tatoi y xal 
elg xziqag yeaav. ziypv ds ftcoqaxag Xivovg ps'xqi 70 ^ V^QOV, dvtl 
ds tav ntsqvyoov Gndqta nvxvd EGtqafifisva. 16. Eiyov 8s xal 
y.vi]\iidag xal xqdvrj xal Ttaqd trjv £<ovtjv fiaxaiqiov ogov <-vrjX?]v 
AaxwvixijV, cp EGcpaztov cov xqatsiv dvvaivto ' xai anozE\ivovtsg 
dv tag xsqiaXdg sypvrsg inoqsvovto ' xai rfiov xal s/oqevov ottots 
ol 7ioXi\iioi avtovg oxpEO&ai e[a,eXXov ' styov ds xal doqv cog nsvte- 
xaidsxa Ttiiy&v \iiav Xoyx^v £%ov. Ovtoi ivsfxsvov iv toig noXiG\ia- 
civ' 17. insl ds naqsX&oisv ol "EXXrjfsg, slnovto ael [ia%6[i£vot • 
tyxovv ds ev toig byyqoig ' xal ta imttjdEia ev tovxoig dvaxExopi- 
g\ievoi tjGav ' oogts [itjdsv XapfidvEiv avro&sv tovg "EXXqvag, dXXd 
distqdqjqGav toig xt/jvegiv a in toov Taoyeov slafiov. 18. 3 En tov- 
tov ol "EXXrjvsg dyixovzo in\ zbv "AqnaGov Tzotapbv, Evqog TEttd- 
qoov nXi&Qoov. , Ev7£V'&£v inoQsv&rfiav dia ^xv&ivcov cza&fiovg 
TETjaqag naoaadyyag sixoai dia. nsdiov Eig xcofiag ' iv alg E(isivav 
itfiEQag tQEig xal insaniaavto. 

19. 'Evzev&ev ds fjX'&ov Gra&ixovg idzaqag naqacdyyag eixogi 
Ttqbg noXiv fisydXriv xal svdaifiova xai olaovfjiEvijv rj ixaXslro i~t>- 
fiviag. 'Ex zavztjg 6 Tijg x™Q a £ ^QX°° V T °i$ "EXXtjgw qyefiova ns'fi- 
7i£i, onoog did rTjg iavroov TzoXsfiiag x®Q a S &y° l avtovg. 20. 'EX- 
&oov d 3 ixsTvog Xsysi on a^si avzovg nsvts rjfXEQoliv sig x<x>qigv odsv 
oipovrai ftdXartav ' si ds fit], tsftvavai in^yyiXXEto. Kal rjov- 
[isvog insid)] ivsftaXsv sig trjv savrolg noXE\iiav, naqEXEXsvsTO ai- 
&£iv xal cp&siQEiv zr t v x®Q av ' Q y ' ai &{X° V iyivsro on rovrov 
Evsxa sXd-oi, ov tTJg twv 'EXXrjvcov svvoiag. 21. Kal dqjixvovvtai 
im to oqog ty UEfi7tt\i fysQa ' ovopa ds t($ oqei qv 0rjx r i?' 



LIB. IV. CAP. VIII. 103 

'Eneidrj 8s ol ttqoHzoi iytvovzo im zov ooovg xal xazslSov z\v &d- 
Xazzav, xgavyy noXXi] iyivsro. 22. "AxovGag 8s 6 Esvocpav xal ol 
omG&ocpvXaxsg, <$rj-d'r i aav s(jl7tqog&sv dXXovg irtizi&EGdai tzoXe- 
fiiovg ' slnovzo ydq xal oma&ev ol ix zrjg xaio^isv^g %G>oag ' Kai 
avzcov ol omG'&oqivXaxsg dmxzewdv zs zivag xal i^coyoqGav iv£8oav 
Tzoir^dfisvoc * xal ysoqa 'iXafiov daaeicov fioav apofioEia dficpl zd 
e'ixogiv. 

23. 'EtteiSi] 8s fiot] ttXeicov ze iyiyvszo xal iyyvzsqov xal ol dsl 
ima vxsg sdsov doopo) im zovg asl fiooopzag xal noXX<$ fxEi^oov iyi- 
yvszo q $o\ oGcp dt] nXsiovg iyiyvovTO, i86xsi 8rj fisii^ov zi slvai zcp 
AEvoywvzi. 24. Kal avaftdg icp innov xal Avxiov xal zovg 
innsag dvaXafiav TTaQsfiorj&si ' xal zd%a 8q dxovovGi fioavzcov zwv 
czqazicozcov OdXazza fidXazza xal naQEyyvwvzcov. "Ev&a 8t] 
e&eov dnavzsg xai ol omG&oyvXaxEg, xal zd vnotyyia rjXavvEZo 
Kal ol Inaoi. 25, 'Ensl 8s dq>lxovzo Tzdvzsg inl to dxqov, ivzav- 
<&a 8t] TTEQisfiaXXov aXXyXovg y.al Gzqazrflovg xal Xo^ayovg 8axqv- 
ovzsg. Kal i^anivijg ozov 8ij naqsyyv^Gavzog ol Gtqazicozai 
ys'qovGi Xl&ovg xal tioiovgi xoXcovov \isyav. 26. 'Evzav&a dvszi- 
&SGav dsqfidzav izXrj&og couofioEiatv xal fiaxzrjqtag xai tec 
ali\idX(aza yiqqa, xal 6 fjyEfiav avzog zs xazszsfivs zd ysqqa xal 
zclg aXXoig 8iexeXevezo, 27. Mszd zavza zov r^ysiiova ol "EXXqvsg 
a7ioni\movGi> 8ooqa Sovzsg anb xoivov Innov xal qjidXqv aqyvqdv 
xal axEvt]v IlEQGixrjv xal 8aqsixohg 8sxa ' r^zsi 8s fidXiGza zovg 
BaxzvXiovg, xal sXafis noXXovg 7iaqd zcov Gzoazuozoiv. Kafitjv 8s 
8si£ag avzoig ov GxqvTjGovGL xal zr\v b8ov \v noqsvGOVzai Eig Md- 
KQ(ovag, insl sGnsqa iyivszo, tyyszo z?jg vvxzog dmmv. 



CAP. VIII. 

1. 'Evzsvdsv 5' ETZOQEvd-TjGav ol "EXX^vEg 8id Maxoojvav Gza- 
ftpovg ZQEig naoaGayyag 8ixa. Trj 7zqc6zy 8s fjps'oa dqlxovzo ml 
zov nozayCov og &qiC,s zijv zav Maxooovwv %(aoav xal zrjv zmv 
JZxvdivcov. 2. Ea%ov d' vtteq8s^iov %coqiov oiov %aX£n(6zazov 
Kal «$ aQiGZEQag dXXov 7ioza\wv slg ov ivspaXXsv 6 6qi£cqv 8i ov 
k r 8ai 8ia(iijvai» 7 Hv 8s ovzog 8aGvg 8sv8qegi nay&Gi [ikv ov, av> 



104 EXPEDITIO CYRL 

y.voTg de. Tavza eml nqogr^.d-ov ol "EXXijreg txonzov, cnevdovzeg 
ix rov ycoqiov cog zdyiaza i^sX&Biv. 3. 01 de Mdy.Qwvsg eyovztg yeqqa 
xai Xoyyag xal zqiyi'vovg yizcorag xazavzmeqag z^gdiafidoecog naqa- 
Ttzayyievoi rjoav xal dXXij).oig d t ex tXe v ovzo xal XiOovg tig zbv noza- 

[10V &QQ171TOVV ' t^lXVOVVZO ds OV olS '{p.CMTOV OvdtV. 

4. "Ev&a d/j nqogeqyezai to) Eevoqmvzi 7GJV TzeXzaazav rig 
avr t Q 'A&rfvrjai qdaxoov dtdovXevxevai, Xiycov ozi yiyvooaxoi %\v 
tycovijv zcov dv&qcoTzcov. Kal oifiai, ecpr^ ifirjv zavzrjv nazqida 
elvai' xal, ei fit] ti xcoXvei e&t'Xoo avzoig diaXeyxt'tjvai. 5. 'A XX 
ovdlv xcoXvei, eyt] ' aXXa diaXe'yov xal [id&e nqoozov avzcov ziveg 
uaiv. 01 d' elnov eqamiaavzog ozi Mdxgcoveg. 'Equza zoivvv> 
ecpq, avzovg zi dvzizezdyazai, xal yqrfeovaiv r]fuv noXifiioi elvai * 
6. 01 5' dm-xqlvavzo' Ozi xal vfieTg tm ztjv r { fiezeqav yooqav eqye- 
c&e. Aeyeiv exeXevov ol azqaztjyol ozi ov xaxcog ye Ttonqaovzeg, 
aXXd ftaoiXel noXefir^avzeg dneq^ofjie&a etg z\v 'EXXdda, xai ini 
ftdXazzav $ovX6fie&a dquxsad ai. 7. 'Uqcozcov ixeTvoi el doitv dp 
zovzcov zd mard. Ol $ ecpacav xai dovvai xai Xafietv e&eleiv. 
''Evzev&ev didoaciv ol Mdxqcoveg fiaqfiugixtjv X6yyr t v zoTg "EXXqcir, 
ol de"EXXijveg ixeivoig'EXXTjvix^v' zavza ydq eqaaav maza thai' 
&eovg d' entfiaqzvqavzo dficpozeqoi. 

8. Mezd de id maza ev&vg ol Mdxoooveg zade'vdqa avre^txo- 
mov rrjv is bdbv ohdonoiovv cog diafitfidoovzeg ev f.ieaoig avafitfxi- 
yfievoi zoTg "EXXjjgiv ' xal dyoqdv olav tdvvavzo naqeTyov ' xal 
dirjyayov iv rqialv r^eqatg tag em ta KoXyoov ooia 
xaztazqaav zovg EXXrjvag. 9. 'Evzav&a rjv ooog \iiya, nqog- 
Qazov de' xal em zovzov ol KoXyoi 7iaqazezay\ievoi i]aav, 
Kal zb fjLsv 77QCO70V oV'EXXrfveg avzinaqezd^avzo xazd qdXayya cog 
ovzcog d<*ovzeg nqbg zb ooog ■ eneiza de edo^e zoig azqa- 
zriyoXg ftovXtvGaa&ai ovXXeytTaiv oTiojg cog xdXXiaza dycoviovv- 
tai. 10. "EXe%ev ovv Eevoycov ozi doxei navaavzag z)\v ydXayya 
Xoyovg oodiovg noir^ai ' tj fiev ydq cpdXay£ diaanaodtiaezai ev&vg ' 
ttj [lev ydq avodov zy de evodov tvqijaouev to oqog ' xai evdvg 
tovro a&v[iiav 7roirj(jei ozav zezv.y\iivoi elg cpdXayya tavz^v dte- 
cnaaiievqv bqaaiv. 11. "Eneiza rjv [ilv tnl noXXovg zet ay pivot 
7ZqogdycQ[,iev, neqizzevcGvaiv rjfimv ol noXiynoi xal zoig neqiztoXg 
XQ^aovzai 6 ti dv fiovXcovzai ' idv d> em oXiyoov TStaypevoi ico^ev, 



LIB. IV. CAP. VIII. 105 

ovdsv av sit] d-avpaazov el diaxoTTEi-rj T^imv tj cpdXay% vnb d&qocov 
xal fisXcov xal dv&qcoTzcov 6V[itze<j6vzcov ' el ds nr\ tovzo karat, 
rrj oXy (pdXayyt xaxbv Barm. 12. 'Alia {iot doxsl bq&iovg zovg 
Xo%ovg noiTjaa^tvovg roaovzov %gjqiov xazaa%Elv dtaXmovzag toig 
Xo%oig oaov k%oi rovg ia%dzovg Xoyovg yevsa&cu zcov 7ZoXe{ucov 
xsqdzcov ' xal ovzcog iao^sd-a rijg re zcov ttoXe^icov ydXayyog s$co 
ol £a%azoi X6%ot, xal oqdiovg dyovzsg ol xqdziazot )\\icov nqcozoi 
nqogiaaiv, y re av svodov y zavzij ixaazog d^st 6 X6%og. 13. Kai 
sig rs rb diuXslnov ov qddiov sarat zolg TroXsfu'oig EigsX&sTv ev&ev 
xal sv&ev X6%cov bvzcov, diaxoxpat ze ov qddiov sazat Xoyov bod-iov 
nqogiovza. *Edv zs tig msQqzat rcov Xbyoov, 6 n1.r\aiov fioridrfiEi ' 
■ijv zs Etg fzrj dvvr]\)-y zcov Xoycov im zb dxqov dvafirjvai, ovdeig ntj- 
xizt fiEivrj zcov 7ioXs\iicov. 14. Tavza sdo^s, xal inoiovv oq&iovg 
rovg X6%ovg. Eevoqxav ds dmcov im zb evcovvja-ov anb zov ds^iov 
sXsys rotg azqazicoraig ' "Avdqsg, ovzoi slaiv ovg bqdze \iovoi ezi 
rifuv ifinodcov zb p/ rjdr] Eivai sv&a ndXai iaTZEvdopsv ' zovzovg 'r\v 
ncog dvvwfAEd-a xal cofiovg dsi xaracpaysiv. 

15. 'EtzeI <5' iv zaig %c6qatg sxaazoi iytvovzo xai rovg Xo%ovg 
oq&iovg iTioirjaavzo, iysvovzo fisv Xo%oi zcov bnXizcov dpqii rovg 
bydorjxovza, b 8s Xoyog sxaazog a^sdov sig rovg sxazov ' rovg ds 
nsXzaardg xal zovg ro^ozag zqr/ij inoir\aavzo, zovg [iev zov evco- 
vv\lov s£co, rovg ds zov ds^iov, zovg ds xazd ptipov, a%sdbv s^axoai- 
ovg sxdazovg. 16. 'Ex rovzov 7taQrjyyvr](jav ol azoazriyol Ev%E6&ai * 
sv^dfAEvoi ds xal naiavlaavzsg etzoqsvovzo. Kal Xsioiaoqiog fisv xai 
Eevoqjcov xal ol gvv avzoig nslzaGzai zrjg zwv TzoXspimv q)dXayyog 
E$co ysvofisvoi etzoqsvovzo ' 17. ol ds 7ZoXs'[MOi cog Eidov avzovg, 
dvzinaqa^Eovzsg ol \isv im zb ds^ibv ol ds im zb Evcavvfiov dis- 
andad'tjaav, xal noXv zijg savzwv (pdXayyog iv zcp fxiaco xsvbv inoi- 
riaav. 18. 3 Idovzsg ds avzovg dia%d£ovzag ol xaza zb 'Aqxadixbv 
TtsXzacral, gov 7iq%ev Aia^ivrig b Axaqvav, vo\iiaavzsg cpevystv dva 
xodzog E'O'eov' xal ovzoi ttqwzoi im zb oqog dvafiaivovci' 6vve($ei- 
Ttszo ds avzotg xal rb Aqxadixbv ottXizixov, cov tjq^s KXsdvcoq o 
' Oq%0(isviog. 19. Ol ds jioXsfiioi cog rjq'^avzo &elv, ovxezi eazqcjav, 
dXXa <$vyr[ dXXog dXXrj izqdnszo. Ol dY'EXXijvEg avafidvzsg iazqa- 
rom-devovzo iv noXXaig xcofxaig xal zdmzrjdsia noXXd i%ovocug. 



106 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

20. Kai za [isv dXXa ovds.v yv o zi xal E&avpaGav ' za ds g^vtj 
noXXa t]v avzo&i, xai zcov xqqicov boot scpayov zwv Gzqaziwzav 
rtdvreg dcpqovsg zs iyiyvovzo xal tjfAOvv xal xdzco di£%c6q£i avzoig 
xai oq&bg ovdslg tjdvvazo lazaa-dai ' aXX ol fiev bXiyov idijdoxozsg 
Gcpodqa [ae&vovgiv sqixEGav ' ol ds noXv [taivopEvotg ' ol ds xal 
anodvijaxovaiv. 21. "Exeivzo ds ovzco noXXol wgnsq zqonijg yeye- 
V7]fitvt]g, xai noXXij i]v a&vy.ia. Trj tf vGzsqaia ani&avz fisv 
ovdetg, afiqi ds zijv avzrjv Ttov coqav dvscfqovovv ' zqizi] ds xal 
ZEzdqzrj aviGzavzo cogTisq in (paqiiaxonoGiag. 

22. 'Evzev&ev cf E7zoq£v&)]Gav dvo Gza&fiovg TtaqaGayyag mzd, 
xai ijXOov im fidXazzav sig Tqans^ovvza noXiv 'EXXqvida oixov- 
[a,8v?]Vj iv zoj Ev^Eivat TIovzco Zivconicov dnoixiav iv zfj KoX%cov 
X m Q a - Evzav&a i\iuvav rj^itqag dficpl zdg zqidxovza iv zaXg zcov 
KoX^cov %wfi.aig* 23. Kdvisv&Ev oqficofxEvoi iXifi^ovzo zqv Kol~ 
%ida. "Ayoqdv ds naqsl^ov zcp Gzqazonsdco Tqanz'Qovvziot, xal 
ids^avzo zs zovg "EXXrjrag xal £ivia sdoGav fiovg xal dXcpiza xal 
olvov. 24. 2vrdi£nqdzzovzo ds xai V7ZSQ zcov TlXrjGlOV K6X%cqv 
zcov iv zty Ttsdiqi (AaXiGza oixovvzcov ' xai ^sna xal nag ixsivcov 
rjX&ov fiosg. 25. Msza ds zovzo zr\v %vGiav ?}v sv£avzo naqsGxsv- 
a"C,ovzo. ^HX&ov ds avzoig ixavol fiotg dnodvGai zoj Aii zcp £co- 
zrjqi xal zcp 'IloaxXti rjysfioGvva xal zoig dXXoig ds -&eolg a sv^avzo. 
'ETZOirjGav ds xal dycova yv\ivixbv Iv zcp oqsi 'sv&anso Igx^vovv • 
slXovzo ds Aqaxovziov ^Tiaqzidzrjv, (o£ scpvys naig szi gov oixo&ev, 
naida dxcov xazaxzavoov ^vtjXri Ttazd^ag,) dnopov ze EmpEXTi&ijvai 
xal rov dycovog nqoGzazipai. 

26. 3 E7ZEidrj ds rj &vGia sytvszo, za ds'opaza naosdoGav top 
/Iqaxovziq}, xal r\ysZG$ai sxeXevov otzov zbv doopov 7TEnoi)]xojg efy. 
f O ds dsi^ag oimsQ EGZ7]xozsg szvy%avov, Ovzog 6 Xoq)og, tcprj, xdX- 
XiGzog zqs%£iv onov dv zig ^ovXijzai. Ilojg ovv, scpaGav, dvvfoov- 
rai naXaisiv Iv Gx7.7]Qm xal daGEi ovzco ; e O ds sins ' MaXXov zi 
avw.GEzai 6 xazansGcov. 27. 'Uycovi^ovzo ds naldsg fuv Gzddiov 
zcov al^fxaXcozcov ol ttXsTgtoi, doXi^ov ds Kqljzsg nXsiovg y E^rjxov- 
za e&eov ' ndXr\v ds xal nvyfiljv xal nayxqdziov szsqoi. Kal xaXr\ 
$ia iys'vszo ' noXXol yaq xazsftijGav xal azs \}£co[asvcqv zcov szai- 
qoav noXXr] cpiXovsixia iysvszo. 28. "E&eov ds xal Innoi ' xac sdsi 



LIB. IV. CAP. VIII. 107 

avtovg xard rov Ttqavovg eldaavrag iv vy -&aldttr} dvaatqixpav- 
lag udhv circa nQog zov ficopov aysiv. Kal xdtco f.isv ol noXkot 
ixvhvdovvto ' area 8s nqog zb ioxvQcag oq&iov fxoXig fiddqv Ztzoqev- 
ovto oi mnoi. "Ev&cc nolly aqavyri v,ai yelcog aal naqaxi'KsvGig 
iyiyveTo air car. 



108 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 



ZEN0&I2NT02 
KTPO.T ANABA2E&2 &. 



CAP. I. 
v OZA {isv dy iv ry dvafidasi ry fierce Kvqov E7tQaiav ol v EXXy- 

VSQ, Y.OLI OGCl iv 77/ TTOQEIO, 17} [ItJQl.g £711 tfdXarraV TTjV iv TCp Ev£,El- 

vco n6vzq>, xal cog sig Tqans^ovvra noXiv 'EXXyvi'da dcf.ixovro, xal 
cog dni&vaav a sv^avro acoryqia dvasiv 'iv&a nqcorov sig cptXiav 
yyv dcpixotvro, iv rep nqoa&EV Xoycp dsd/jXcorai. 2. 'Ex ds rovrov 
avvsX&ovrsg iftovXsvovro nsq\ z~yg Xomr^g noqsiag. 'Aviary ds 
nqcorog 'AvziXicov Qovqiog, xcii eXe^ev cods ' 'Eycb fiev roivvv, 'icfy, 
co avdqsg, anslqyxa ydy avaxsva^ofisvog xal fiadi^cov xal rqtjcov 
xai ra onXa epiqeav xa\ iv rdS,si icov not cpvXaxdg cpvldrrcov xai \iayo. 
\iEvog ' im&vfico ds ydy navadfjiEvog rovrcov rwv novcov, inEi fidXarrav 
i^ofjiEV^ tzXeTv rb Xomov xal ixra&stg cognsq 'Odvaasvg xa&svdcov 
ucpixiadcu Eig ryv 'EXXdda. 3. Tavra dxovaavrsg ol arqaricorai 
dvs&oqvftyaav cog ev Xiyoi ° xcu dXXog ravra 'iXsys, xai ndvrsg ol 
naqovrsg. "Ensna ds Xsiqlaocpog aviary xcu slnsv cods. 4. </>/- 
Xog (ioi iariv, co avdqsg, 'Avctt-iftiog, vavaq^cov ds %ai rvy%dvsi. 
]Hv ovv 7ii[A.\pyri {is, oiopai dv iX&slv xal rqiyqsig sycov v,a\ nXola. 
ra tjfxdg aS,ovra. ' TfisTg ft s'msq nXslv fiovXsa&E, nsqijiivsrs sgr 
dv iyco iX&co ' y%co ds ra%icog. 'Axovaavrsg ravra ol arqaricorai 
i\a&yadv re xal ixpycfiaavro tzXeTv avrbv cog rdyiaza. 

5. Msra rovrov Asvocpcov aviary xa\ sXs^sv cods ' Xsiqiaocpog 
[iev dy in\ nXola ariXXsrai, yfjisig 8s dvafA.EvovfA.sv. Oaa fioi ovv 
doxsi xaiqbg shai tzoieiv iv ry [aovi], ravra ioco. 6. Uqcorov filv 
ra imryoEia 8eT nooit.Eadai ix ryg noXEfiiag ' ovre ydg ayood i- 
ariv Ixavy ovre orov covyaofis&a Evnoqia el fxy oXlyoig riaiv ' y ds 
Xooqa noXs\iia ' xlvovvog ovv noXXovg daoXXvaftai, yv dfisXoog re 



LIB. V. CAP. I. 109 

xal dcpvXdxzcog TtoQEv^Gds inl zd imzi'idsia. 7. 'Alia fioi doxsT 
gvv TiQovofiaTg Xaftfidvsiv zd imzrjdeia, dXXoog ds [xrj nXavaG&ai, 
dog goj^gBe' ?)fxag ds zovzwv imftsXsiGd'ai. 8. "Edo^s zavza. 
"En zoivvv dxovGazs xai Tads. Em Xsiav ydo vfxoov ixnooEVGovzai, 
zivsg. O'lofiai ovv fisXziov slvai fyiv sinsiv zbv \iskXovza i^isvai, 
qsgd^siv ds xal onoi, 'Iva xai zb TtXrj&og sldrnjAsv zav i^iovzoov xat 
zcov iievovzwv xal Gv^iTzaQaGXEvd^oofisv idv zi dsy ' xdv ^otjdrjGai 
zigi xaiobg ?], EidoZ^isv onoi ds/jGEi fio?i&sTv ' xal idv tig zoov 

d7T£lQOISQ(OV Ey^ElQrj Zl 7Z01EIV, GVflfiovlEVCOHEV TTBIQOJfXSVOl Eldsvai 

zijv dvvapiv icp oig av ioogiv. ' Edo^s xal zavza. 9. : Evvoeize ds 
xal rods, scprj. -2%oX?i 70 ^ noXsfAioig Xqt&G'Q'ai ' xai dixaimg 
rjfA,tv imfiovXsvovGiv ' syofisv ydo id ixsivoov ' vnsQxd&rivzai #' rj- 
[acov. &vlaxag drj fioi doxst dsiv tieqI zb GzqazoTisdov slvai. 'Edv 
ovv xazd fisQog fASQiG&svzsg qjvXdzzoofisv xal gxotz6o(aev, rjzzov av 
dvvaivzo tjfidg {rrjoav ol noXi\iiou ' Ezi zoivvv zdds boars. 10. 
El fxsv ijmGtdfAE&a Gaycog on ij£ei nXoia XsiQiGOtyog ayoov txavd, 
ovdsv av sdsi gov [as'XXoo Xsysiv ' vvv d' etzsi zovz adrjXov, doxsT fioi 
TisiQaGd'ai nXoia GV[A7taQaGxsvd^Eiv xal avzo&sv. Hv \isv ydg sl- 
&r[, vnagyovzvov iv&dds iv dq&ovoozsQoig nXsvGovfis&a ' idv ds firj 
dyij, zoig iv&dds XQrjGOfAE&a. 11. 'Oqoj d 3 iyoo nXoia noXXdxig 
itaqanXsovza ' si ovv aizijGafASvoi nagd Tqanstovvzioov fiaxgd 
nXoia xazdyoipsv xal cpvXdzzoijisv avid zd nijddXia 7zaoalv6{iEvoi 
soog dp ixavd id d^ovza ytvTjtai) tGoog av ovx anoQriGaijXEv xofiidTjg 
olag dsofis&a. "EdotE xat ravra. 12. 'EvvorJGazs d\ Etyrj, si sl- 
xbg xal ZQsapsiv dnb xoivov ovg av xazaydyapsv ogov dv %qovov 
rjliwv evexsv (.isvaGij xat vavlov Gvv&EG&ai, oncog ojqsXovvzsg xal 
(oqjsXmvzai. "Edo^s xal ravza. 13. AoxsX zoivvv [ioi, ligpjy, rjv 
dga xal zavza rjpiv (irj ix7iSQaivi]zai wgzE doxsiv nXoTa, zdg bdovg 
dg dvgnooovg axovo^isv slvai zalg naqd ddXazzav or/.ovfiivaig 
tzoXegiv ivzsiXaG&ai bdonoislv nsiGOvtai ydo xal did zb qiofisiG&ai 
xal did zb ^ovXsG&ai fycov dTzaXXayr/vai. 

14. 'Evzav&a drj avixqayov ag ov dtoi bdoi7ZoosTv. ' ds cog 
syvoo zijv dtyQOGvvqv avzoZv, insxpriyiGS fxsv ovdsv, zdg ds noXsig 
sxovGag susigsv bdonoiEiv Xsyoav bzi &azzov anaXXd^ovzai rjv sv~ 
noQoi ysvoovzai at bdoi. 15. 'EXafiov ds xal 7tevztjx6vzoqov naod 
zav Tqans'Covvzloov, y ETieGzrjGav As%innov Adxcova tteqioixov, 

10 



110 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

Ovzog dfisXijaag zov %vXXsysiv nXoTa anodqag co%szo *% m ro ^ 
IJovzov, sycov zr)v vavv. Ovzog \isv ovv dlxaia sna&sv vazsqov' 
iv Oqdxrj yaq naqa ^sv&rj noXvnqayiiovcav zi dns&avsv vno Ni- 
xdvdqov zov Adxcovog. 16. "EXa$ov ds xal zqtaxovzoqov, r) ins- 
azd&ri TIoXvxqdzr]g 'A&yvaTog ' og bnoaa Xay-fidvoi nXoia xazr)ysv 
im to azqazonsdov. Kal za [*sv dycoyi\ia s'l zi r\yov i^atqovfisvot 
cpvXaxag xaftiazaaav oncog acoa svq ' zoig ds nXoioig i^qr^avzo 
elg naqaycoyr^v. 17. *Ey cp ds zavza r t v im Xsiav i^rjsaav ol 
"EXXtjvsg' xal ol [isv iv£zvy%avov ol ds xal ov. KXsalvszog 8 i%a- 
yaycov xal zov savzov xal dXXov Xo%ov nqbg %coqiov ^aXsnbv avzog 
ze dns&avs xal aXXot noXXol zcov ovv avzco. 



CAP. II. 

'Ensl ds za imziydsia ovxszi r)v Xapftdvsiv cogts anavd-qpsqi- 
£,siv im zb 6zqazo7Tsdov, ix zovzov Xaficov E&vocpcov rjysfxovag zcov 
Tqans'Qovvzlcov i$dyzi slg JqiXag zb i\\iidv zov orqazsvpazog, zb 
ds ri[MGv xazsXms cpvXdzzew zb ozqazonsdov ' ol yaq JLoXyoi, azs 
ixnsnzcoxozsg zcov olxtcov, tzoXXoI Ijaav d&qooi xcu vnsqsxddr\vzo 
im zcov dxqcov. 2. Ol ds Tqamz^ovvnot bno&sv ftsv za imzijdsia 
qddwv qv Xafisiv ovx rjyov ' cpiXoi yaq avzoig ijaav ' slg zovg Aqi- 
lag ds TTQO&vficog rjyov, vcp cov xaxcog snacypv, slg ^coqia ze bqsiva 
xcu dvgfiaza xai dv&qconovg 7toXsfiixcozdzovg zcov iv zcp TLovzco. 

3. 'EtzeI ds r]aav iv ziq avco %coqa ol "EXXrjvsg, bnoXa zcov %co- 
Qicov zoTg JqlXaig aXcoaifia slvai idoxsi iiminqdvzsg dmjscJav ' xai 
ovdsv r t v Xa^dvsiv si ^iij vg tj fiovg ?} aXXo zi xzrivog zb tzvq dia- 
Tzsqisvyog. *Ev 5' r)v %coq(ov iitjzQonoXig avzcov. Elg zovzo 
ndvzsg avvsQovrjxsaav ' tteqI ds zovzo i\v laqddqa laxvocog [ia&sia, 
xal TiQogodoi %aXs7ial nqbg zb %coqiov. 4. Ol ds TzsXzaazal nqo- 
dqafxovzsg azddia nsvzs ?} z£, zcov bnXizcov dia^dvtsg ztjv %aqddqav 
bqcovzsg nqofiaza noXXa xal aXXa xqr^iaza nqogsfiaXXov nqbg zb 
%coqiov. Hvvsinovzo ds xal doqvcpoqoi noXXol ol im za imztjdsia 
ihcoqpTjfiivoi ' cogzs iyivovzo ol dtafidvzsg nXslovg i) slg dig%iXiovg 
dv&qco7Tovg. 5. 'Em-l ds \iaio\isvoi ovx idvvavzo Xa$sTv zb %coqiov, 
(xal yaq zdcpqog r)v nsql avzb svqsTa dva^s§Xt]fA.svr] xal cxoXonsg 
im zrjg dva§oX?jg xal zvqasig Ttvxval %vXivai nsnoirmsvai?) amivai 



LIB. V. CAP. II. Ill 

dq B7TS/eiqovv' ol ds ettsxeivzo avzoig. 6. e Qg 5' ovx idvvavzo 
dtzozQs'yEiv, {7fV yaQ icp svbg rj xazdfiaGig ex tov ycooiov sig tv { v yct- 
gddoav,) nlpnovGi nobg ZsvoqcovTa, og rjystTO roig bnllraig. 7. 
'0 tf iX&cov Xeysi on egti ycooiov ygypdzcov noXXcov \iegz6v ' tov- 
co ovte Xafisiv dvvdpsda ' ic/yobv ydg egtiv ' ovze citzeX&eTv qcc- 
Siov ' \idyovzai yao saE^eXqlv&O'zeg hcu rj acpodog yaXEnr]. 

8. "AxovGag Tama 6 SsvdqtSh nooaayaycov noog t\v ycipa- 
doav zovg fisv bnXiTag &EG&ai exeXevgs tcc onXa ' avrbg ds dia- 
fidg gvv Tolg XoyayoXg egxotieIto ttozegov eu] xqeittov andysiv xai 
tovg diapEprjxozag rj xai rovg bnXizag diaftifid^Eiv cog dXovzog dv 
tov ycooiov. 9. 'Edoy.Ei ydg to fisv dndyEiv ovy. ehai avsv noXXcov 
vsxgcov, sXeiv b* dv Sovto xai ol Xoyayol to ycoglov ' xai 6 aevo- 
qpcov Gvvsyc6gt]GE Toig IsgoTg niGzsvGag ' ol ydg \id.vTEig dnodsdEi- 
yyisvoi 7}Gav oil pdyrj pcsvsGzai to ds TsXog xaXbv Tijg i^odov. 10. 
Kal tovg {ih Xoyayovg snsims diafiifidGovzag Tovg bnXhag, ambg 
d' EfiEvsv dvaycogiGag dnavTag Tovg nsXTciGTag, xai ovdsva eia 
dxQofioXiZEG&ca. 11. 'Ensl cf tjxov ol bnXiTai, exeXevgs tov Xoyov 
sy.aGTOv noujGai tcov Xoyaycov cog dv xgdziGza oi r 7]zai dycovisiG&ai ' 
r^av ydg ol Xoyayol nXr^iov dXXrjXcov ol ndvTa tov ygovov dXXr<Xoig 
tzeqI dvdgaya&iag avTsnoiovvTO. 12. Kal ol ph xavza moiovv ' b ds 
Totg TtsXTCiGTcag nuGi TzagyyyEXXs ditjyy.vXcopsvovg isvai, cog bnozav 

G7]fl1]V7} dxOVTlQElV dsfjGOV ' Y.CU TOVg TO^OTUg E7Zl^E^Xr l Gd'Ca E7l\ Talg 

vEVQcug, cog bnoTav GY\\xr^vin ToisvEtv oeyigov ' xcu Tovg yvpvrjTCig 
Xi&cov eysiv fxEGTag tag dicf&EQag ' xai Tovg Emzrfisiovg InsyutyE tov- 
tcov imftsXrj'&'rjvou. 13. 3 Etie\ ds ndvTa TzaQEGXEvciGTO xai ol Xo- 
yayol xai ol i'TToXoyayol xai ol d^iovvTsg tovtcov ^rj ysiQOvg slvai 
idvzsg nagaTETay\iEvoi TjGav, xai dXXrjXovg fxsv drj gvvecoqcov ' 
[uivosidrjg ydq did to '/coqiov rj Tahg ?}v ' 14. etzeI <? inaidviGav 
xai r\ GaXmy'S, icfds'y^aTO, d\ia te zcp 'EvvaXicp 7jXdXaS,av xai e&eov 
dgofA-qj ol onXiTai, xai Ta fis'Xi] bfiov EqtQSTO, Xoyyai, TO^svfiaTa, 
GqiEvbovai xai tiXeigtoi cf ix tcov ysigcov Xi&oi ' r\Gav ds ol xai 
nl'Q TtoogtcpsQOv. 15. 'jfVro ds tov nXrfoovg tcov ^eXcov sXmov ol 
ttoXsuioi Ta ts GTavQcopaTa xai Tag TVQGEig ' cogTS 'AyaGiag 
JjTVficpdXi.og xai &iXo<~svog JJsXXijvEvg xaTad-s\isvoi Ta onXa iv 
yiTcovi \iovov dvs'^rjGaVj xai aXXog dXXov slXxs, xai dXXog avafisfirixEi, 
v.al TjXcoxu to ycoQiov, cog idohsi. 16. Kal ol ph nsXTaGzal xai 



112 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

ol \piloL EiGdgafxovzsg %Q7ta£ov o zt exact og idvvazo ' 6 ds &cvo- 
cpwv Gzag xaza rag nvlag bnoGOvg idvvato xazsxcolvs zgjv bnli- 
<itov 8%cq ' noli^iiot ydg allot icpaivovzo lit dxgoig zigIv tG%vgoig. 
17. Ov nollov ds %govov fxsza^v ysvo^isvov xgavyr\ z iyiyvszo h- 
dov xai sqisvyov ol pep xai sypvzsg a slaflov, Taya di rig xai rs- 
zqwfiivog ' xai rtolvg r t v wdiGfibg dficpl za ftvgEzga. Kal igcozco- 
[xsvol ol ixniTizovzsg slsyov on dxga zi iaziv svdov xal ol rzolifiioi 
Ttollol, ol naiovGiv ixdsdga^xozEg zovg svdov av&gwitovg. 

18. 'Evzav&a avEinsiv exeIevge Tolpidqv zbv xtjgvxa Uvai 
eigg> zbv fiovlo^Evov zi layfidvsiv. Kal isvzo Ttollol eigcq, xal 
vixcogi zovg ixninzovzag ol sweat co&ovfisvoi xai xazaxlslovGt zovg 
nole/uovg Tidliv slg z\v axgav. 19. Kal za [isv e<;cq zijg axgag 
ndvza dtrignaG&ij xal i^ExopiGavzo ol "Ellrjvsg ' ol d' bnlizat 
e&evzo za oTzla, ol fisv rtsgl za Gzavgcofiaza, ol ds xaza. zr t v bdbv zrp 
inl zrjv axgav cpsgovGav. 20. '0 ds Esvoycov y.ai ol lo%ayol 
egxotiovv ei olov z Eir\ zrjv axgav la@Eiv ' tjv yag ovtco gcqz7]- 
gia aGqalrjg ' allcog ds tiuvv y^alsnbv idoxst slvai dnsl-deiv ' 
GxoTtovfxsvoig 5' avzoig sdo^s navzdnaGiv dvdlcozov slvai zb yvsgiov. 
21. 'Evzav&a TtagsGXEvdXovzo zijv aqodov, xal zovg fxsv Gzavgovg 
sxaczoi zovg xatf avzovg dujgovv, xal zovg dyjqsiovg xal cpogzia 
E%ovzag £%ETt*\inovzo xal rcov bnlizwv zb nlrftog ' xazslmov ds 
ol Xo%ayol olg exaczog iniGzsvsv. 

22. 'Ensl ds ijg^avzo dno%(og£Tv, ins^s&Eov svdo&sv Ttollol ysgga 
xal loyiag syovzsg xal xvrjfudag xal xQavij Tlacplayonxd ' xal allot 
im rag olxiag avsfiatvov zag ev&ev xal ev&ev zijg slg zijv axgav cpsgov- 
Gtjg bdov ' 23. mgz ovds dicoxsiv aGcpalsg ijv xaza zag nvlag 
zag slg zijv axgav ysgovGag ' xal ydg £vla fisydla S7teqo(.7Tzovv 
avoo&EV, wgzs lalsnbv r/v xal \ieveiv xal dntsvat ' xal tj vv% (pofisga 
ijv smovGa. 24. Ma^ofisvoov d? avzcov xal dnogovixsvmv -frsmv zig 
avzoig [irjxavrjv Goazrjglag didcoGtv. 'E^aTrivrjg yag dvslauxpEv ot- 
xia zwv iv dsha ozov drj svdxpavzog. *Qg 5' avzrj gvvetwzzev, 
Ecpsvyov ol dnb zwv iv ds^ta olxiav. 25. 'Qg tf Efjiaftsv 6 aevo- 
q)(ov zovzo Ttaga ztjg rvyr\g, ivdnrsiv ixslsvs xal rdg iv dgtGrsga 
olxiag ' al ds \vltvat r\Gav ' agrs xal zayy ixaiovzo. "Eysvyov 
ovv xal ol dnb zovzcov zwv oixicov. 26. Ol ds x,aza zb azofia drj 



LIB. V. CAP, III. 113 

eu fioroi eXvtzow y.al dTjXoi ipav ozi Emy.siGOvzai sv zy i^odcp zs 
y.al xaza^aGsi. 'Evzav&a Tzaoayyt'XXsi cpoqsiv £vXa oooi izvyyavov 
s^co ovzsg zcov fisXcov Eig to ^egop savzcov y.al tcov noXsyiicov, 
'Enu ds txava rfitj ?/v, ivrjipav ' iv^nzov ds y.al rag naq avio to 
Xaodxco/ua oixiag, 07zcog ol ttoXsjuoi d t ucfi zavza e%oiev. 27. Ovtco 
HoXig dnl]X\fov duo zov ycooiov, ttvq ev fUGcp savzcov y.al zcov ttoXe- 
utcov noiqadfiEvoi. Kal '/.azExavfri] ndaa r\ noXig y.al al oixiai 
y.al al zvQGEig xal zd Gzavqcoyiaza y.al zdXXa Tzdvza nXijv Ttjg dy.Qag. 
28. T't} §' vaTEoaia an\ { EGav ol EXXr t vsg tffiytsg zd Emzf t dEia. 
'Ensl ds zijv y.azaftaaiv £q,o$ovvzo zijv Eig Tqans^ovvza, nqavrjg 
ydo \v y.al Gzsvv h ipEvdsvsdqav EnoirjGavzo. 29. Kal dvtjq Mvobg 
zb ytvog y.al zovvofia zovzo s%cov zcov Kqrjzcov Xaftcov dsxa e[aevev ev 
Xccgioi ycoqico y.al nqogsTzoislzo zovg 7ZoXE(xiovg Tzeiodo&ai Xav&dvsiv ' 
al ds TziXzai avzcov dXXozs y.ai dXXozs discpaivovzo yaXxaX ovGai. 
30. Ol {ilv ovv noXifxioi zavza dioqcovzsg sqofiovvzo cog ivsdqav 
ovaav ' 7] ds Gzqazid iv zovzcp y.azl^aivsv. 'Ensl ds idoxsi ijdrj 
iy.avbv V7ZsXr\Xvd(vai zqj Mvacp egi]P]ve qsvysiv dvd v.qdzog ' xal 
og s^avaazdg qsvysi xal ol avv avzcp. 31. Kal ol [Csv aXXoi 
Kq?jzEg, dXiGXEG&ai ydo scpaaav zcp dqopcp, ExnEGOvzsg ix z?jg 
odov Eig vXrjv y.azd zag vdnag xvXivdovfxEvoL SGco&rjGav ' 32. 6 
Mvabg ds y.azdzijv bdbv qsvycov i^oa^o^OsTv ' xai s^o)]d~TjGav avzcp, 
y.ai avt'Xafiov zstqco^epov. Kal avzol im Tzoda dv£%c6qovv fial- 
Io^ievoi ol l3oi]&/;aavzEg xal avzizo^Evovzig zivsg zcov Kqrjzcov. Ov- 
zcog dqixovzo Ini zb Gzqazonsdov ndvzsg gcooi ovzsg. 



CAP. III. 

1. Etzei ds ovze Xsioiaocpog ?)y.sv ovzs nXoTa r/.avd r\v ovze zd 
EmzrfiEia r t v Xafiftdvsiv szi, sdoy.si amzsov slvai. Kal Eig y,sv zd 
nXola zovg ze da&svovvzag svsftiftaGav y.al zovg vnsQ zszzaqd- 
xovza ezt] y.al naidag y.al yvrar/.ag y.al zcov gxevcov ogci fiij dvdyy.t] i\v 
'e'ieiv ' y.ai <biXriGiov y.al JZocpai'rszov zovg nqsG^vzdzovg zcov azqa- 
zrjycov EigfiifidGavzsg zovzcov ly.iXsvov im[iEXsi~G&ai' ol ds aXXoi 
E7IOQEVOVZO ' r\ ds 68bg codorzoiovfiE'vr] \v. 2. Kal dcpixvovvzai 
rtOQEvofisvoi Eig KsQciGovvza TQizaToi ttgXiv 'EXX^vida snl &a- 

10* 



114 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

Xdrry IZivmntcov anoixov iv rrj KoX^idi %(oqu. 3. 'Evrav&a 
epeivav qpeqag dsxa ' xal i%eza6ig iv roig onXoig iyiyvero xal aqi- 
&[Aog, xal iyevovro bxraxigyjXioi xal s^axocioi. Ovroi iaco^yaav 
in rwv dfiql rovg [xvqiovg ' oi ds allot dncoXovro vno re rwv no- 
lepicov xal T?jg %wvog xal ei tig voacp. 

4. 'Evrav&a xal diaXapfidvovGi rb anb rmv aly^iaX&ruiv 
dqyvqiov yevoftevov xal ryv dexdryv yv rtp 'AnoXXcovi i<~eiXov xai 
ry 'Ecpeoia 'Aqre^idi dielafiov oi arqaryyol to pe'qog exaarog cpv- 
Xdrreiv roig deoig ' dvrl de Xeiqiaoqiov Ne'cov 6 'Acivaiog ekafie- 
5. Eevocpwv ovv to fiev rov 'AnoXXcovog, dvd&ypa novycdfievog 
dvarl&yGiv eig rbv iv /JeXcpoTg rcov 'A&yvaicov &yaavqbv xal ine- 
fgafys to re avrov ovofxa xcu rb FfqoZevov og gvv KXedq%cp dne'&a- 
ve ' %evog yag yv avrov. 6. To de ryg "Agre^idog ryg ' Eqeaiag 
ore dnyei avv 'Ayyaddco ex rrjg 'Aaiag ryv eig Boicozovg odbv, 
xaraXeinei naqd Meyafiv^q) rep ryg 'Agrifiidog vecoxogcp, on avrbg 
xivdvvevacav idoxei levai, xal ineareiXev, yv fxsv avrbg cco&y, eav- 
rcp anodovvai ' el de ri nd&oi, dva&eivai noiyadfievov ry 'Agrepidi 

ri oioiro %agieiG&ai ry deep. 7. 'Enel 5' eepvyev 6 EevocycoV} 
xaroixovvrog ydy avrov iv SxiXXovvn vnb rcov Aaxedaipovicov 
olxia&e'vn nagd ryv 'OXvpniav dcfixveTrai Meydftv&g eig 'OXvp- 
niav -&eo3prj<j(ov xal anodidtoai ryv nagaxaza&ijxyv avzep. Aevo- 
cpojv de Xafichv %coqiov coveTrai ry &ecp onov dveiXev 6 -&eog . 8. 
"Ezv^e ds did psaov qzcov rov %mqiov nora\ibg Zekivovg. Kal iv 
9 Eq}e6cp de naoa rbv rijg ^Qrifiidog vewv JEelivovg nora\ibg na- 
QaQQsi, xal i%$veg de iv dfAyoriooig eveiai xal xoy%ai ' iv de tq5 iv 
2xikXovvn %(OQi(p xal tyr/gaL ndvrmv bnoca iariv ayqevo\ieva ftriqia. 
9. " Enoiqae de xal ficopbv xal vabv anb rov leQov dgyvoiov ' xal 
rb lombv de del dexarevcov rd ix rov dyoov cooaia ftvaiav inoiei ry 
'deep * xal ndvreg oi nolirai xal oi nqog^QOi dvdqeg xal yvvaXxeg 
pereTxov rtjg eooryg. naoefye de tj &ebg roig axrjvovciv alcpira, 
dozovg, ohov, roayrmara, xal rcov ^vofiiv^v anb rrjg iegdg vopijg 
ld%og, xal rav ^gevofie'vcov de. 10. Kal yag ftrjgav inoiovvro 
eig rijv eogrrjv ol re Eevoqxavrog naideg xal oi rcov alXmv nolircov ' 

01 de [Jovlopevoi xal dvdqeg cvve&rjqcov' xal rfkiaxero rd [asv i% 
avrov rov iegov %(ogov, rd ds xal ix rijg (Poloyg, aveg xal dogxddeg 
xal ela(pot> 11. "E'sn de % ^cao« y ix Aaxedaipovog eig 'OXvpmuv 



LIB. V. CAP. IV. 115 

noQEvovzai cog eixogi, Gzddioi dnb zov iv ' OXvfmia. Aiog Ieqov. 
"En 5' iv zoo ieqoo icoqco xal aXa?] xal oqtj dsvdQcov fiEGza, ixava xai 
Gvg xal alyag xal fiovg zos'cpEiv xal InTiovg, cogzs xai za zcov Eig zr\v 
ioQttjv lovzcov vnotyyia Evco%EiG&ai. 12. FIeqI d' avzbv zbv vabv 
aloog rj{iEQG)v dtvdocov icfvzsv&T] oGa iazl zqcoxzd cooaia. '0 Ss 
vabg cog fxixobg \isydXco zco iv 'EcpEGcp EixaGzai ' xal zb %6avov 

E01XEV COg XV7TCIQITXIV0V XQVGOp OVZl ZOO iv ' EcpEGCp. 13. KcU GZTjXl] 

egzijxe naqd zbv vabv yqdfxfxaza E%ovaa ' IEP02J XQP02 
THZ APTEUIAOZ. TON AE EXONTA KAI KAPT10T- 
MENON THN MEN AEKATIIN KATAQTEIN EKA* 
ZTOT ET0T2, EK AE TOT riEPITTOT TON N A ON 
ETIIZKETAZEIN. AN AE TIZ MH IIOIHI TATTA 
THI QE&I MEAHZEI. 



CAP. IV. 

1. 3 Ex KsqaGovvzog 8s xazd tfdXazzav fisv ixo/xi^ovzo oItteq 
v.ai ttqog&ev, ol cf dXXoi xazd ytjv inoqEvovzo. 2. 'EtteI tf r/aav 
im zoTg Moggvvoixcov oqioig, tzs'[i7Tovgiv slg avzovg Ti[AtjGi&Eov 
tbv TqartE^ovvziov ttqo^evov ovza zcov Moggvvoixcov, iqcozcovzsg 
noTEQOv cog 8id cpiXiag tj cog did TroXsfAiag noqsvGovzai z?jg %c6qag. 
01 8 Einov on ov dirJGOisv ' ettigzevov ydq zoTg %coQtoig. 3. "Ev- 
zev&ev Xsysi 6 Tipijai&eog ozi TtoXifiiol eigiv avzoig ol ix zov 
msxsiva' xal idoxsi xaXsGai ixsivovg, ei fiovXoivzo Gvp[ta%t'av 
TToirJGaGd'ai ' xal TZEfxcf^slg 6 TifiTjGidsog tjxev dycov zovg aq%ov m 
tag. 4. 'East, 8s acpixovzo, cvv?jX&ov oi zs zcov Moggvvoixcov 
dq%ovzsg xal ol Gzqazrjyol zcov 'EXXrjvcov ' xal eXe^s filv Asvocpcov, 

i]0[AtjvEVE 8s TlflTJGl&EOg. 

5. 7 fi dvdosg Moggvvoixoi, rjixEig ^ovXo^Ed-a diaGco&yvai Ttgbg 
zj]v EXXdda 7TE(^y ' nXola ydo ovx £%0[tEv ' xcoXvovgi ds ovzoi fyuag 
ovg dxovo^Ev v\ilv noXEfxiovg Eivai. 6. El ovv fiovXEG&e, e^egziv 
v\iiv rjfAag Xa$Eiv GVfAfidyovg xal zincoQ^GaG&ai, ei zi nconotf vfidg 
ovzoi rjdix-rjaav, xal zb Xombv v\icov vni]x6ovg Eivai zovzovg* 7. 
El ds 7]\idg acpTjGSZEt GXE\paG&E tzo&ev avdig dv zoGavztjv dvvapiv 
Xdfioize avppaxov. 8. Ilobg zavza duExgivazo 6 dQ%cov zcov 



116 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

Moggwoixcov ozi xal fiovXoivzo zavza xal dsyoivzo rrjv cvjifiayiav 
9. "dyszs drj, itprj 6 Asvocpcov, zlr^icov dsTjGEG&s yQTjGaG&ca, a vavfifia- 
yoi vfjtcbv ysroo[i£&a ; xal vfiEtg zioioizs egeg&e rjfxiv GVfmoa^ai keq\ 
z7;g oiooov ; 10. 01 5' eIttov ozi ixavol eg^ev sig ztjv ycoqav eig- 

pdXXsiV EX 70V E7li daZEQCL ZTjV ZCOV V\llV IE xai TjfllV 7loXs\ilCOV, Xai 
d£VQ0 VfMV TTEflXpCCL VOLVg ZE Y.al dvdqag OLZlVEg VfUV GV[A[J.ayOVVZai 

zs xai zrjv odbv ?jy?]G0vzai. 

11. 'Em zovzoig niGzd dovzsg xal Xafiovzsg coyovzo ' xai i)- 
v,ov txi i>GZEQUia dyovzsg zgiaxcGia nXola povo^vXa xai iv ixaGtco 
zgsTg dvdqag ' cov ol fisv ovo ixftdvzsg sig zd<*iv e&evzo za onXa ' 
6 ds sig tfisvs. 12. Kai ol filv Xafiovzsg za nXoXa ansnXsvGav ' 
ol ds fiwoptsg i^sza^avzo cobs. "EGzrjGav avd sxazbv \idXiGza 
cognso ol yoqol dvziGzoiyovvzEg aXX?jXoig, syovzsg ysQqa navzsg 
Xevxcov fiocov 8aGE f a, EixaG\iEva y.izzov nszdXco ' iv ds zy ds<;ia naX- 
zbv cog Etdmjyv, e[a.7Tqog&ev fxsv Xoyyqv syov, otug&ev ds avzov 
zov %vXov Gcpaioosidig. 13. XtzcoviGxovg ds ivsdsdvxEGav vtteq 
yovdzcov, ndyog cog Xivov GzgcopazodsGfiov ' inl zrj xscpaXy ds xqdvr\ 
Gxvziva, olanEQ za IlaqiXayovixd, xocofivXov syovza xazd {iegov, 
iyyvzdza ziaooEidlj ' slyov ds xal Gaydqsig Gidqodg. 14. 'Evzev- 
&ev i^TjqyE fisv avzcov s'tg, ol d' dXXoi ndvzsg inoqsvovzo adovzsg 
iv QV&ficp, y.al disX&ovzsg did zcov zd^scov xal did zcov onXcov zcov 
'EXXtjvcqv inoQEvovzo sv&vg nqbg zovg noXspiovg im ycoqiov o ido- 
y.Ei im t uayc6zazov efoai. 15. 'QiaeTzo ds zovzo nqb z?jg noXswg 
z?jg ^7]TQ07ToXEcog xaXovfAEvijg avzoXg xal iyovGyg zb axgozuzov 
zcov MoGGvvol'Acov ' 'Acu TtEQi zovzov 6 TtoXs^og tjv ' ol ydq dsl 
zovz syovzsg idoxovv iyxQazsTg shai xcu ndvzcov Moggvvoixcov. 
Kai Ecpc&Gav zovzovg ov dixaicog sysiv zovzo, dXXd xoivbv ov xaza- 
Xafiovzag n7.E0vsy.zETv. 

1 6. Einovzo 5' avzotg xcu zcov 'EXXtjvcov zivsg, ov zay&svzsg 
V7ib zcov GZQaz?]ycov dXX' aQTTayijg eveaev. 01 ds noXs'iiioi nqogiov- 
zcov zscog fisv rjGvya^ov ' insl tf iyyig iysvovzo zov ycoqiov, ixdga- 
\iovzsg zQETZovzai avzovg ' yen dnixzEivctv Gvyvovg zcov ftaQfidocov xai 
zcov Gvvavafidvzcov 'EXXqvcov zivdg, y.al idicoxov f^iyqig ov sldov zovg 
EXXtjvag ftorftovvzag, slza ds dnozqanofAEvoi coyovzo ' 17. y.ai dnozs- 
\x6vzsg, zdg xscfaXdg zcov vexqcov EnsdEixvvGav zoTg ze^EXXjjgi xal zoig 
iavzcov 7ZoXs^ioig ' xal dfia iyoosvov vofico zivl adovzeg. 18- Ol tf 



LIB. V. CAP. IV. 117 

"EXXrjvsg {iciXa tjy&ovzo ozi zovg zs noXsfuovg ifiETtoiqxeGav &qa- 
Gvzsqovg xal ozi ol it-sld-ovzeg "EXXqvsg gvv avzoig inscpsvysGav 
fxdX ovzsg Gvyvot' b ovnca ttqog&ev inEnoiiqy.EGav iv zy Gzqaxsia. 
19. a&voqiwv 8s GvyxaXsGag zovg "EXXr^vag slnsv ' "Av8qsg Gzqazi- 
cozat, fit]8sv d&vfiijGrjzE svsy.a zcov ysyEvr^svcov ■ igze ydq on xal 
aya&bv ov fiEiov zov y.anov ysysvrizai. 20. Tlqcorov (mv ydq im- 
gtug&e ozi oi fAsXXovzsg r\ydv fjysi&ai zap bvzi TioXs'fMOi eigiv oignsq 
y.al );udg dvdy/.rj ' 'inuxa 8s xal zcov 'EXXrjvcov ol dqqovziGzrJGavzEg 
zr t g gvv ij/xiv zd'iscog y.al ly.avol rfirfid\A£voi shea gvv zoTg ftaofid- 
goig zavzd nqdzzsiv dnsq gvv r^juv 8i'/.i]v 8s8coy.aGiv ' cogzs av&tg 
TjTzov zr { g ijfiEisQag zd^scog anoXsityovzai. 21. IA1X v\iag 8sl 
naQccGxEvd^EGd-aL OTTcog y.al zolg cpiXoig ovgi zcov paqfidqcov 86%ezs 
xqsizzovg avzcov sivai y.al zoTg noXsfiioig 8/]Xcogszs ozi qv% bpoioig 
av8qaGi f.iayovvzai vvv zs y.al bzs zolg dzdy.zoig i/xdyovzo. 

22. Tavzijv \isv ovvzijv rjutqav ovzcog sfxEivav ' zrj ft vGisqaia 
fivGavzeg insi Ey.aXXisqrfiavzo aqiGzrfiavzsg, oq&iovg zovg loyovg 
TToir^dfiEvoi, y.ai zovg fiaqfidqovg inl zb svcovviiov xazd zavzd za- 
(ZaiAEVoi ETiOQEvovzo zovg zo^ozag \isza.\v zcov Xbycov bqtJicov bvzcov 
Byovzsg, vnoXsmonsvovg 8s fxiy.qbv zov Gzofxazog zcov bnXncov. 
23. 3 HGav ydq zcov noXs}iicov ol ev^covoi y.azazqs/ ovzsg zoTg 
Xi&oig sfiaXXov. Tovzovg ovv uvsgzsXXov ol zo^bzai v.ai ol ttsX- 
zaGzal' ol 8' allot fidStjv inoqsvovzo nqcozov \i\v inl zb ycoqiov 
dep ov zrj nqozsqaia ol fidqfiaqoi izqdnipav y.ai ol gvv avzoXg. 
'Evzavda ydq ol noXs'fiioi ijGav dvzizEzayfxtvoi. 24. Tovg fisv ovv 
nsXzaGzag i8s'£avzo ol fidqftaqoi y.al ifidyovzo ' insl if iyyvg r t Gav 
ol bnXXzai, izqdnovzo. Kal ol fjisv nsXzaGzal sv&vg slnovzo 8ico- 
y.ovzsg dvco nqbg z))v fi?]zqo7zoXiv ' ol 8s bnXizai h zd%si smovzo. 
25. 3 Ensl 5' dvco ?]Gav 7rqbg zaig zijg fitjzqoTToXECog oixiaig, ivzav- 
da dq ol 7ioXs\uioi bfiov 8)j nd.vzsg ysvb\isvoi spdyovzo xcu s&f/.ovzi- 
L,ov zoig naXzoTg' yea aXXa86qaza syovzsg nayta (Aaxqd, ogu dvrjq 
dv (ftqoi finXig, zovzoig ins^qcovzo d{ivi>ZG&ai sy. ysiqog. 

26. 'EtzeI 8s ovy vcpisvzo ol "Ellrjvsg, alt o^oge sycoqovv, sepv- 
yov ol fidqfiaqoi y.al Iviev&ev anavzsg Xinovzsg zo ycoqiov. O 8s 
fiaGiXshg avzcov b iv zep fioGGvvi zco in dxqov o}y.oSoftr][As'vcp ov 
zqscpovGi ndvzsg xoivrj avzov [isvovza yal cpvXdzzovGiv ovy. rftslsv 
i&X&sTv, ov8s ol iv zep nqotEqov alqsds'vzi ywqUo, dXX avzov gvv 



118 EXPED1TI0 CYRI. 

zoXg fxoGGvvoig xaTExav&rjGav. 27. Oi $ "EXXrjvsg 8iaQ7td^ovTsg 
za ycooia evqigxov frqaavgovg iv TaXg oiv.iu.ig ciqtcov vevthasvcov 
naTQiovg, cog scpaGav oi Moggvvoixoi ' ihv 8s viov gXtov gvv ty 
xaXdpri unoxeipevov ' ijaav 8s £eicu ai nXsXGzai. 28. Kal SsXqpi- 
vcov Tepuffl iv dpcpoQevaiv evqigxezo ZEzaQiysvfisva xal Gziag iv 
zsvysGi zcov SsXcpivcov, cp iyqcovzo oi Moggvvoixoi xaftdnsq oi "EX~ 
Xr t vEg zco iXaico. 29. Kdqva $ im zcov dvcoyaicov tjv noXXa 
za nXaisa ova syovza 8iaq>vrjv ovdspiav. Tovzco xal tzXelgzco 
aizcp iyqcovTO sxpovTsg xal dqzovg bnTcovzsg. Olvog 8' evQiaxsto 
bg dxqazog psv 6%vg iqjaivszo slvai vnb trig avGTt]qoTJ]Tog ' xsqa- 
G&slg 8s evcoSrjg re xal ?)8vg. 

30. Oi psv 8tj EXXifosg dqiGTr^avTsg ivzav&a Itioqzvovto eig 

TO 7TQOGCO, 7Taqa8oVTEg TO yCOqiOV TOig GV\l\ia*ff[GaGl TCOV MoGGV- 

voixcov. ' OnoGa 8s xal dXXa 7taqr { EGav ycoqia tcov gvv ToXg ttoXe- 
fiioig bvzcov, tu Evnqogo8cozaTa oi fisv sXsmov, oi 8s ixovTEg 
TTDogsycooovv 31. Ta 8s nXsXGza zoid8' rjv tcov ycoqicov ' ansXyov 
ai noXstg an aXXqXcov Gzd8ia by8or]y.ovza i ai 8s nXsXov ai 8s fisXov ' 
avafiocovzcov 8s dXXtp.cov gwijxovov eig zrjv szsqav ix zr^g szsqdg 
noXscog. Ovzcog viprpj] ts y.al xoiXr] rj ycoqa ?]r. 32. "Ens). 8s 
■7ZOQ£v6{j.£voi iv zoXg cfiXoig rjGav, ins8sixvvGav avzoXg 7taX8ag tcov 
svSaifxovcov GiTEVTobg, TE&QafA/ns'vovg xaqvoig sop&oXg, a7iaXovg xai 
Xsvxovg G(f68oa y.al oh noXXov 8iovzag iGovg to nXdzog y.al to 
fxijxog shai ' Ttor/.ilovg 8s to, rcoTa y.al to. s^ittqog&ev ndvTa iGTi- 
ffisvovg dv&ifiiov. 33. ^E^tovv 8s y.al TaXg szaiqcug aig rfyov oi 
EXXrjvsg ifxcpavcog GvyyivsGdai ' vopog yao rjv ovTog GCpiGi. Aev- 
y.ol 8s ndvTsg oi dv8qsg y.al ai yvvaXxeg. 34. TovTOvg sXsyov oi 
GToaTEVGayiEvoi paQpaQCOTdzovg 8ieX-&tXv y.al ttXeXgtov tcov 'EXXij- 
vvacov voficov y.EycoQiGps'vovg. "Ev te yag oyXco bvTEg inolovv a.nEo av 
dv&QcoTioi iv EQiflMa TToiyGEiav, dXXcog 8s ovx av ToXpcpEv ' fiovoi ts 
bvTEg ofjioia snqaxTOV dnsq av (.iet dXXcov bvrsg ' 8isXsyovTo te 
savToXg v.al iysXcov icp savToXg xal conyovvTO icpiGzafXEvoi. bnov 
Tvyoisv cognso dXXoig im8EbXVV[isvoi. 



LIB. V. CAP. V. 119 



CAP. V. 



1. Aid zavzrjg ztjgycoQag ol "EXXijvsg, 8id zs zrjg noXs\iiag y.al r/Jv 
qiiliag, tnoQSv&ijGav bxzco Gzaftpovg, y.al dcpixvovvzai tig XdXvfiag. 
Ovzoi oXtyoi i]<5civ y.al vm\xooi zcov Moavvoixcov ' xal 6 §iog ijv 
zo?g nXsiGzoig avzcov anb Gidrjqsiag. z ' Evzsv&sv ayixvovvzai tig 
T!£jaQ) t rovg. 2. 'H 8s zcov Ti^aqrjvcov p'oa noXv i)v nt8ivcoztoa 
xal %(OQict tiysv inl tfaXdzzri rjzzov igifiva. Kal ol Grqarrjol 
t%Qr>£ov Tzgbg zd ycoqia nqogfidXXsiv y.al zip Gzqaziav ovq&ijmi n • 
y.al zd "S,ivia a rjxs naod Tifiaorjvcov ovx idtyovzo, dXX InijitT- 
vai xsXsvGavzsg sgzs fiovXtvGaivzo i&vovzo. 3. Kal noXXd y.a- 
za&vGavzcov zt'Xog ansdti^avzo ol fidvztig ndvzsg yvcoiir\v ozi ov- 
dafAij TTQogioivzo ol &sol zbv noXtpov. 'Evztv&tv 81] zd £sWa 
i8t%avzo, xal cog did qnXiag noQSvoftsvoi 8vo ijfiiqag dcfixovzo tig 
Kozvcooa, noXiv' EXXyvida, JEivcontcov anoixovg, ovzag cf iv zrj Ttfia- 
(jrjvcov ycoocf. 

4. Msynig ivzav&a ini'C.svGsv i) Gzqazid. nXijd'og z7/g xaza- 
fiaGscog z7jg odov anb zTjg iv BafivXcovi [idyjig dyqi tig Kozvcoqa 
ozad-fiol sxazbv sixogi 8vo, nagaGayyai s^axoGioi xal sixogi, azd- 
dwi fJtvQwt y.al oxzaxigyiXioi y.al s^axoGioi ' yqovov nXrj&og bxzco fiij- 
vsg. b/Evzav&atfxtiva^^fit'oagzszzaQdxovza nt'vzs. 'Ev 8s zavzaig 
nqtozov fyisv zoig -&soig 'i&vaav, xal nofindg inoir^av v.azd s&vog 
t'y.acrzoi zcov 'EXXijvcov, y.al aycovag yvyivixovg. 6. Ta cf iniz/fitia 
&Xd\i$avov zd \isv Ix z7jg IJacpXayoviag, zd 5' ix zcov ycoQicov zcov 
Kozvcoqizcov ' ov ydq naqsiyov dyoodv, ov8' tig zb ztiyog zovg 
dod-tvovvzag Idtyovzo. 

7. 3 Ev zovzco tgyovzai ix Xivconr\g nQBG^sig, cpofiovfisvoi ntol 
tcov Kozvcoqizcov zijg zs noXtcog, (iyv ydo ixtivcov, xa) qiOQorg h.ti- 
voig icptgov,) xal tieqI tijg ycooag, on fcovov d^oviiivr^v ' y.al iX&ov- 
ztg elg zb azqazontdov iXtyov nQorjyoQti 8s c Ey.azcovvfiog 8sivbg 
vofti^ofisvog thai Xiytiv. 8. "Ent^iyptv rj(xdg, co av8qtg azgazicozai, 
r\ zcov Zivconscov noXig tnaiviaovzcig zs vpdg ozi sviy.dzs "EXXqvsg 
ovzsg fiaQpdQOvg, snsiza 8s xal GvvrjG&rjcTopEvovg ozi 8id noXXcov zs 
xal 8sivcov> cog fyslg axovopsv, nqay\idzcov asacoGfitvoi ndqsozs. 



120 EXPED ITIO CYRI. 

9. '^41*iov[j.£v 8s, "EXXrjvEg ovzEg xal avzol, vcp v\icov ovzcov f EXX^vcov 
dya&bv \xsv zi naGyEiv, xaxbv 8s [xtjSsv ' ov8s yaQ fyeig vpdg ov- 
8sv nconotf vnTiQ^afjiev xaxcog noiovvzEg. 10. Kozvcogizai 8s 

OVZOl 8161 fiSV ?jf*8T£QOl dnOlXOl ' XCU ZJJV %COQCtV fjfAEig aVZOig ZaV- 

zqv 7zaQ<x8e8c6xa[j.Ev fiagfidgovg acpslo/xevoi ' 8ib xal 8aa\iov ij^uv 
cptgovGiv ovzoi zEzayfitvov xal KEgaGovvzioi xal TganEQovvzioi 
cogavzcog ' cogtf o zi av zovzovg xaxbv ttoi^gtjze r\ Sivcon&cov no- 
Xig vop>i±ti naa^Eiv. 11. Nvv 8s dxovofiEV vfxag Ei'g ze zr\v nokiv 
$ia 7iaQEl7]Xv&6rag iviovg gx?jvovv sv zaig olxiaig xal ix zcov 
ycogicov Xa\A$dv£w cbv av Seijg&e ov 7i£i&ovzag. 12. Tavz ovv 

OVX a^LOVfjLEV ' EL 8s ZCLVZO, 7101TJGEZE, dvdyXTj TJfAlV VLOLl KoQvldV Xal 

JJacplayorag xal dXXov ovziva av 8wc6fA£&a cpiXov TZOisTa&ai. 

13. Ilgbg zavza avaazag xEvoopcov vnsg zcov azgazicozcov 
emev' 'HfiEig 8s, co dv8gsg JEivcoTiEig, rjxo[j.£v dyancovtEg ozi za 
Gcofiaza 8i£GQOGa[iE\)-a xal za, onXa ' ov ydg r t v Svvazbv apa 
zs iQTjf.iaza aysiv xal cps'osiv xal zolg TtolEfiioig {id%E6'&ai. 
14. Kal vvv £7TeI slg zdg 'EXXijvidag Ttolsig ijX&ojaev, sv TganE^ovvzi 
\isv, 7TaQ£i%ov ydg ijyiiv ayogdv, covovfisvoi £i%opisv za EnizrfiEia, 
xai dvtf cov izf^Gav rjfiag xal '^ivia i8coxav zrj Gtgazia, avzEzijico- 
fiEV avzovg ' xal ei zig aiizoTg epilog tjv zcov fiagfidgcov, zovzcov anEiyp- 
\i£$a ' zovg 8s noXsyiiovg avzcov icp ovg avzol ijyoXvzo xaxcog snoiov- 
\iev ogov k8vvd\i-£&a. 15. 'EgcozazE 8e avzovg bnoicov zivcov rjficov 
ezv%ov ' naQEiGi ydg ivdd8£ ovg ijiuv rjyEpiovag 8ia cpiXiav r\ noXig gvv- 
E?i£fA,xp£V. 16. ' Onoi # av sX&ovzEg ayogdv fxi] e^m/iev, av ze Eig 
fidgfiagov yl\v dv ze Eig 'EXXrjviSa, ov% vftgei dXX dvdyxrj Xapftdvo- 
\iev za imzrjSEta 17. Kal Kag8ov)[Ovg xal Taofovg xal XaX- 
8aiovg, xainsg fiaGils'cog ov% vnr\xoovg ovzag, oficog y xal \idXa 
cpofisgovg ovzag, TzoXsfiiovg ixzri6d\i£&a 8id zb dvdyxijv shai Xafi- 
fidvEiv zd EmzrfiEia, etzei ayogdv ov nagu^ov. 18. Mdxgcovag 8s 
xaiTTEg ftagfidgovg ovzag, etieI ayogdv olav iSvvavzo TzagEfyov, 
(piXovg ze ivopiXofiEV Eivai xal fiia ov8sv iXapftdvofXEv zwv ixEivmv. 
19. Kozvcogizag 8s, ovg vfiEzsgovg cpazs shai, ei zi avzcov EiXtfcpa- 
[aev, avzol aizioi eigiv ' ov ydg cog (pilot ngogEcpigovzo i]yZv, dXXd 
xXuGavzEg zdg nvXag ovz e'igco iSfyovio ovz k%co ayogdv ETZEfinov ' 
rjTicovzo 8s zbv nag v\icov ag\ioGZ7]v zovzcov ai'ziov Eivai. 20. "O 8s ' 
XiyEig @ia aagEX&ovzag Gxrjvovv, fjpeTg ^iov/xev zovg xdfivovzag 



LIB. V. CAP. VI. 121 

ug rag Gziyag ds^aadai ' Inu ds ovx dvswyov tag nvlag, ij rjfidg 
idiysjo avzb rb yaqiov zavzq Eigsl&ovzEg alio fuv ovdsv fiiatov 
i7Z0iqaci[iEv ' gxtjvovgi d' iv zalg Gzsyaig ol xdjxvovzEg zd savzcov 
danavavrsg ' xal zdg nvlag cpqovqovpEv, OTzag fxij inl zco vusrsqcp 
dq/joGzy aaiv ol xdfivovzsg r^av, alX icp r^yilv % xofAiGaG&at ozav 
@ovl(6[i£&a. 21. 01 § allot, cog bqdzs, cxyvovfisv VTzat&qioi iv 
itq rd^st, nagsGxevaGfitvoi, av (tsv rig ev noty, avzEvnomv ' av ds 
xaxcog, altZaG&ai. 22. "A ds rinulr^ag cog TJV vpiv doxy Koqv- 
lav xal Ilacplayovag 6V(t(.id%ovg ftoiijGEG&E icp rjfidg, rjfiEig ds 
?}v usv dvdyxq fi ?zolsfi^GO[A,£v xal duopoziqoig ' rjdrj ydq xal dllotg 
nollanlaGioig ifxav inolEii^GayiEv • av ds 8oxfj i]yuv, xal cptlov 
TzoirjGouEV rbv TIacplayova. 23. Axovofxsv ds avzbv xal im&vfisTv 
trig vfisrsqag ftolEcog xai ycoqiav zav im&alazzicov. TlEiqaGO^s- 
&a ovv GV(i7zqdzrovr£g avzo) cov im&vuEi cptloi yiyvsG&ai. 

24. 'Ex zovzov {.idla \isv dtjlot ipav ol 6vimq£g$Eig rop *Exa~ 
rmvv[icg %als7Tairovz£g rotg slq^usvoig. IJaqEl&av d' avzav dl- 
log Ei7i£v ozt oh nolEjxov rtoirfionsvoi tjxoiev, dlX irndd^ovzEg on 
(pilot eigL Kal %£vioig, tjv fisv sl&qzs nqbg rrjv 2tvom£oov noltv, 
ixEi dE^SjiE&a' vvv ds rovg iv&dds xeIevgo\iev didovat a dvvavzat' 
oqcoftEv ydq ndvza dlrftrj ovra a Isyszs. 25. "Ex rovzov \ivtd 
rs £HE\mov ol Korvcoqtrat xal ol Gzqazr t yot zdjv'ElhjVcov i^svt^ov 
zovg rav £ivco7i£03v nqsG^Eig ' xal nqbg dllrjlovg nolld rs xal 
intzr^Eia disliyovro rd ze alia xal nsql riqg loi7zrjg noqstag invv- 
&dvovro xal cov sxdzsqot ids'ovzo. 



CAP. VI. 

1. Tavrr> [isv rr[ qusqa rovzo rb rilog iysvsro. Trj d* vgte- 
qala Gwils^av ol Gzqazrjol zovg czqazmzag, xal idoxst 
ahzoig nsql zijg loi7t?jg Tioqsiag naqaxalsGavzag rovg JLivoj- 
niag fiovlsvEG&ai. E'lzs ydq ns'Qri dsot 7Toq£V£6&ai, yq^Gijiot av 
iboxovv slvai ol 2,ivco7iEig rjyovuEvof sjJinEiqoi ydq r\Gav r?jg TJa- 
cplayoviag ' e'ize xazd &dlazzav, Tzqogdsiv idoxst £ivom£<av ' \iovoi 
ydq av idoxovv Ixuvol Eivat nloXa naqaG^sTv dqxovvza ry Gzqazta. 
2. KaltGavzsg ovv rovg 7Tq£G^£igGvv£§ovlevovro,xal rfeiovv 'EXItj- 

11 



122 EXPEDITIOCYRI. 

vag ovzag EXXijgi zovzco 7tqoozov xaXag dt/EG&ai zap svvovg ze 
thai xal za fiiXziGza gv^ovXeveiv. 

3. AvaGzag ds 'Eyazcovv^og tzqcotov (jlev dnsXoyriGazo tteqI 
ov eIttev cog zov TlaopXayova qiiXov ttoh]goivzo, on ov% cog zoTg 
EXXtjGi fTolsprjGovTcov Gqmv t'lnoi, dXX on eE,ov zolg fiaofiuQoig 
CfiXovg ahai zovg "EXXrjvag aiq)]Govzai. 'Enei ds gv^ovXeveiv 
ixeXsvov, ETtEv^dfisvog cods slnsv ' 4. El fuv Gv^ovXsvoifii a fitX- 
ziGzd fioi doxsi sivai, noXXd ftoi xdya&d yivoizo * el ds fxr), zdvav- 
iia ' avzrj yao r\ isoa GvpfiovXt] XsyofitvT] thai doxsi fioi naqsTvai ' 
vvv yaq dr) dv [aev ev cvjufiovXEvaag qiavto, ttoXXoi egeg&e oi Inai- 
vovvzsg [is ' dv ds xaxoiyg, noXXol egeg&e oi xazagcofAEvoi. 5. llod- 
y\iaza {ilv ovv old' bzi noXv nXsioo e%o}xev, lav aaza ftdXazzav 
xofuXqa&E ' i]\iag yao dsrjGEi za nXoia tzoqi^eiv ' i}v ds y.azd yrjg 
gzeXX7]g&e, vpag dsrjGEi zovg {laxops'vovg eivcu. "Oficog ds Xsxz&a 
a yiyvcQGxoo ' 6. EfmEioog ydg eIjai xal zrjg ymqag zoov JTIaqjXayovcQV 
xal zrjg dvvdfiEcog ' s%£i yao \rj x°^Q a ~\ dftqiozsoa, v,a\ nsdia uaXXi- 
Gza y,a\ oqr\ vxprjXozaza. 7 Kal nowzov [mv olda sv&vg f} zrjv slg- 
ftoXr)v avdyxj] noisiGxtai ' oh yaq egziv dXXrj tj y za yJqaza zov 
oqovg zrjg odov natf sxdzsqd egziv vxprjXd • a xqazsiv xaziyoyzsg 
v.a\ ndvv oXlyoi dvvaivz dv ' zovzo.iv 8s yazsyofxivrnv ovtf av ol 
ndvzsg dv&qoJ7Toi dvvaivz dv disX&eir. Talza ds aai dsl^aifii av, 
Ei jUot ziva flovXoiG&s GVfJLTtE^ixpai. 8. "Ensiza ds olda xai nsdla 
ovza xal inrtsiav qv avzol oi ftdofiaqoi vo[mXovgi xqeizzod sivai 
andGi]g zrjg ^aGiXscog inns'iag* Kal vvv ovzoi ov naosyivovzo 
fiaGilsT y.aXovvzi ' dXXa fisi^ov cpoovsi 6 doxcov avzoov. 9. El ds 
xa\ dvvr]&Eizs za zs 'oor] xXs'xpai rj cf&aGai Xaftovzsg xai iv zop 
nsdicp xoaziJGai \iaxo\iEvoi zovg zEinnsig zovzcov xal tie^cov fjivQid- 
dag nXsiov r\ dcodsxa, ij^szs etu zovg noza\iovg, nocozov fxsv zov Qeq- 
ficodovza, EVQog zqicqv 7iXe&qcqv, ov laXsnov 6l\iai dia$aivsiv dXXcog zs 
v.ai TZoXEfiioov noXXcov psv eiatiqog&ev ovzcqv noXXmv ds oniGftsv 
enofjiEvcov ' dsvzEQOv d' ' ' Iqiv, zqi7tXe&qov ohgavzcog ' zqitov 5' "AXw, 
ov \ieiov dvoiv Gzadioiv, ov ova dv dvvaiG&s dvsv nXoiwv diaffivai ' 
nXoia ds zig EGzai 6 7raQEjoov ; oog $ avzrag xal 6 IJaQ&snog 
afiazog' icp oveX&oize dv, ei zov^AXvv diafiairjzE. 10. 'Eyoj fiev 
ovv ov iaXE7t)]v vfzTv slvai vo^it,co zr\v noqsiav dXXd navzdnaGiv 
advvazov. *Av ds /iXetize, egziv iv&evds ph slg JSivcoTtrjv napanXsv- 



LIB. V. CAP. VI. 123 

am, in 2ivconr\g 8s sig 'HqdxXsiav ' i% 'HoaxXsiag 8s ovzs nsty ov- 
zs xazd ddXazzav anoqia noXXd ' ydq xal nXold ictiv iv 'HqaxXsia. 

11. 3 Ensi 8s zavza sXs^sv, ol psv vnconzsvov cpiXiag svsxa ztjg 
KoqvXa Xs'ysiv ' xal ydq rfv nqo<~svog avzcp ' ol 8s xal cog 8coqa 
X?]\f.i6fxsvov 8id zijv Gv^ovXqv zavzi\v ' ol 8' vnconzsvov xal zov- 
Tov svsxa Xiysiv cog p/ ns^fi ibvzsg ztjv JEwconicov zi %coqav xaxbv 
iqyd^oivzo. 01 8' ovv "EXXijvsg ixprrjcpiGavzo xazd ftdXazzav ztjv 
noqsiav noisiG&ai. 12. Ms.zd zavza Esvoycov slnsv' ' Q Hivco- 
nsig, ol \isv dv8qsg r t qi]vzai noqsiav ?}v vpsig gv^ovXsvszs ' ovzco 
8' s^si' si [tsv nXoia sgsg&ui ps'XXsi Ixava dqi&^cg cog sva \i)\ xaza- 
XslnsGdai iv&d8s, fysig dv nXsoi\isv ' si 8s \isXXoi\isv ol \isv xazaXsi- 
ipsa&ai ol 8s nXsvGSG&ai, ovx dv i^airjysv sig zd nXoia. 13. 
TiyvcoGxoiisv ydq bzi bnov fisv dv xqazcopsv, Swai'iASx? dv xal 
Gco^sG'&ai xal zd imzrj8sia sysiv ' si 8s ttov Ijzzovg zcov noXs^icov 
Xt]q)&7ja6fiS'&a, sv8rjXov 8rj bzi iv dv8qan68cov %coqa iaofis&a. 
14. Axowavzsg zavza ol nqsG@sig ixsXsvov ns^nsiv nqsG^sig* 
Kal nsyinovGi KaXXi[ia%ov "Aqxd8a y,a\ 'AqiGzcova 'A&qvaiov xal 
2a\i6Xav ^Aiaiov. Kal ol [a,sv dfyovzo. 

15. 'Ev 8s zovzco zcp XQOvty Esvocpcovzt, oqcovzi fxsv bnXizag 
noXXovg zcov c EXXt]vcov y bqcovzi 8s xal nsXzaGzdg noXXovg xal zo^ozag 
xal GcpsSov/jzag xal inniag 8s xal \idXa jjdij 8id zrjv zoifirjv Ixavovg, 
ovzag 8' iv za ITovzcp, (svd-a ovx dv an bXiycov %qri{idzcov zoGavzr\ 
8vva\iig naqsGxsvaG&t],) xaXbv avzcp i8oxsi shea xal %coqav xal 
8vva\iiv z7j ' EXXd8i 7TQogxz/jGaG\}ai noXiv xazoixiGavzag. 16. Kal 
ysvsG&ai dv avzcp i86xst iisydXij, xazaXoyito^svco zo zs avzcov TzXtjd-og 
xal zovg Tieoioixovvzag zbv Tlovzov. Kal inl zovzoig i&vszo now zivi 
siTTStv zcov Giqaticozcov SiXavbv naqaxaXsGag zbv Kvqov fidvzvv ys- 
votxsvov zbv ^Aii^qaxicozriv. 17. e O 8s JZiXavbg 8s8icbg (juj yt'vrjzai zavza 
xal xazafxsivrj nov r\ Gzqazid, ixcps'QSi sig zb Gzqdzsvfia Xoyov bzi Es- 
voqicov fiovXszai xaza^slvai zr\v Gzqazidv xal noXiv olxiGai xal 
Savzcp ovofia xal dvvajiuv 7Z8Qmoir]GaG&au 18. Avzbg 5' 6 2i- 
Xavbg ifiovXszo bzi zd-fiGza sig z\v < EXXd8a dyixsG-Q-ai ' ovg ydq Ttaod 
Kvqov sXafis roig^iXiovg 8aoeixovg y bzs zdg 8ixa rnxsgag tjXtj&svge -&v- 
bfisvog Kvqco, 8iEGSGc6xsi. 19. Tcov 8s Gzoazicozcov, ins) yxovGav, zoig 
fisv iSoxst ftt'XziGzov shai xazayislvai, zoig 8s noXXoig ov. TifiaGicov 8s 
6 /Jao8avevg xal Qc6oa% 6 Boicoziog nobg ipnooovg zivdg naqbvzag 



124 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

V(OV ' HpaxXECdZtoV XOl JElVOmSCQV XiyOVGlV OZl El fit) sxttoqiovgi ZTQ 

Gipazia fiia&bv cogzs t%Etv za imzr]8sia ixnXsovzag, ozi xiv8vvevgei. 
[isivai tooavj?] dvvapig iv zcp Ilovzq) ' fiovXsvszai yap Esvoqxxiv 
xai rifxag nagaxaXsT, inEi8av sX&r> za nXoia t zoze slnslv i^ai^vrjg 
77] Gzqazia ' 20. 'Av8psg, vvv fjih oocQijiEV rjfiag anoqovg ovzag xal 
av zcp dnonXop z%eiv za sniztfieia xal cog oi'xade dnsX&ovzag org- 
eat 71 zovg oixoi. El 8s fiovXsG&s z7jg xvxXcp ftoopag nspl zbv 
FLovzov oixov\iEvr\g ixXs^dyisvoi onr\ av @ovX?]G\}s xazacxeiv, xal 
7ov fisv. i&slovza anisvai oixa8s, zbv 8s i&t'Xovza \xsveiv avzov, nXoia 
ds Vf/iv TtaoEGTiv, oogze OTTTj av fiovXrfid'E i^aiqjvrjg av imnsGoizE. 

21. 'AxovGavzsg zavza ol S(jltioqoi dnrjyysXXov zaig tioXsgi' 
Gvvsns^ixps 8 avzoig TifAaGiGov 6 /taqoavtvg 'Epvfiaxov ze zbv 
Aap8avsa xal Ooopaxa 7ov Boicoziov za avzd zavza igovvzag. 
^ivojTZEig ds xal 'HgaxXscozai zavza dxomavzsg tzsijitiovgi ngbg zbv 
TiftaGicova xal xsXsvovgi ngoGzazsvGai Xafiovza xq/jpaza OTicog 
IxttXevgti i] Gzgazid. 22. ' ds aGysvog dxovGag iv GvXXoycp zcov 
Gzgazicozcov ovzcov Xiysi zd8s ' Ov dsT TiQogtjsiv fiovy, co dv8gsg, 
oi>8s zjjg ' EXXdSog ov8sv nsgl nXsiovog TZOtsiG&ai. 'Axovco 8s zivag 
<dvsG&ai inl zovzeo oi>$ vfiTv Xiyovzag. 23. l T7iiG"ivov\iai ds vfiTv 
av ix7iXst]ze, anb voviArjviag [iiG&oqiogdv nags^siv Kvfyxrjvbv 
txaGzcp zov \in\v6g ' xal d^co vfidg sig zr)v Tq(od8a, sv&ev xal eIijli 
qvydg ' xal vndg^si vfiiv i) ipq noXig ' sxovzsg yao [is ds^ovzai. 
24. 'Hyr^ouai 8s avzbg iyeb svdsv noXXd ygi]\iaza XrjxpsG&E. "E\i- 
miqog 8s dp* ?q§ AioXibog xal z7jg (frgvyiag xal zrjg TQwd8og xai 
zijg <I>apvafid£ov dpxJjg nda^g ' za \i\v 8id zb exei&ev sivai, za 8s 
did zb GvvsGzpazEVGdai iv avzij gvv KXsdQ%cp ze xai /fspxvXXiSa. 

25. 'AvaGzag 8' avdig Oojpa% 6 Boiooziog og asl nspl czqazi]- 
ylag Asvoyoovzi ifidyszo, sept], si i^sX&oisv ix zov IIovzov, SGSG&ai 
avzoig Xsqq6v7jgov %(apav xaX\\v xal sv8aifiova, cogzs zq [}ovXo~ 
fisvm ivoixsiv, za 8s fxrj (jovXopivq) amsvai olxa8s ' ysXoiov 8' sivai, 
iv zri e EXXd8i ovctig x^pas noXXtjg xal dcp&ovov, iv zy fiapfidpow 
[laGzsvsiv. 26. "Egzs 5' av, scprj, ixsi ysvi]G^E, xdyoo xa&dnEQ 
TiiiaGiwv vmaxvovfiai vyXv z\\v [MG&ocpopdv. Tavza 8' tXsysv 
sidwg a TtjiaGimvi ol 'HpaxXscozai xal ol Zivansig inayys'Xoivzo 
&gzs ixnXsXv. 27. ' 8s Esvoyoliv iv zovzcp iciya. 'AvaGzdg 8s 
tpiXtjGiog xal Aix&v ol 'Axaiol sXsyov ojg 8uvbv eitj I8la [asv 



LIB. V. CAP. VI. 125 

Ssvocpcorta nsidsiv ts xata\iivEiv xai fivEG&ai vttsq t? t g [iovlqg [irj 
xoivovfiEvov Tjj Gtqazia • slg ds to xoivbv firjdsv ayoQefeiv Trsqt 
tovtoov oogzE r/v ay 'x aG&t] 6 Esvocpoov dvaGZijvai. xai eitzeXv tabs' 

28. 'Eycb, oo avdqsg, dvopcu psv cog bqdts bnoGa dvvapai xai 
vnEQ vficov xai vnsq EficivTov, oncog tavta tvy^dvco xai Xsyoov xai 
vooov xcu nqdttoov bnoXa fitXXsi v\uv ts xdXXiGta xai dqiGta 
'icead-ai xai spot. Kal vvv i&v6ftt]v tteoI avzov tovtov si d\i£ivov 
si?] aQ%£a&ai Xsysiv slg vpag xai nqdzzuv nsqi tovtoov jj navtana- 
Gi {iqds anTEG&ai tov nqd.yfiatog. 29. £iXavbg ds poi b \idvtig 
drtExqivato to fxsv fisyiGtov, td Isqd xaXd shai ' fidsi ydq xai Efts 
ovx dizEiqov bvra did to asl naosivai toTg isooig ' sXs^s ds oti h 
toig hqoXg cpaivotto tig doXog xai snifiovXij ipol, cog dqa yiyvooGxoov 
oti avzbg ette^ovXeve diafidXXsiv [is agog vpdg. 'E^qvsyxE ydq top 
Xoyov cog iyoo nqdttsiv tavta diavooinr\v r\dr( ov nsiGag vfxag* 
30. 'Eyoo ds el [tsv scoqoov anoqovvtag vpag, tovz dv EGxonovv dcp 
ov dv ysvoizo oogzs Xaftovzag v^dg nbXiv tbv fisv @ovX6[*evov dno- 
nXsXv ydy, tbv ds fiij fiovXofxsvov, E7tsl xzrJGaizo Ixava oogzs xai 
tovg savzov olxsiovg ootysXr/Gai ti. 31. 'Ettei d' bqoo v\ilv xai tc\ 
nXoXa nifinovtag 'HqaxXsoozag xai SivoonsXg oogts ex7tXeXv, xai 
jiig&ov vniGyvovyiEvovg vyuv dvdqag dnb vovfiyviag, xaXov fioi do- 
xsX shai aco^ofisvovg ivd-a fiovXops&a [mg&ov t?jg Gootijqlag Xafifid- 
vsiv . xai avtog ts avanavoixai sxsivijg zfjg diavoiag, xai bnoGoi 
TZgbg ifis noogrjEoav, Xiyortsg cog y^qij tavta nqdttsiv, dvanavaa- 
G&ai qirjfM ^qfjvai. 32. Ovtoo ydq yiyvooGxoo ' bpovpsv bvtsg ttoXXoX 
oognsq vvvi doxslts dv fioi xai 'ivtijioi slvai xai sysiv td imzrjdsia ' 
iv ydq tcp xqatsXv sari xai to Xa^dvsiv td toov rjttovoov ' dia- 
67TaG&8vtsg d' dv xai xatd fiixqd ysvoiisvijg t?jg dvvdpsoog out dv 
tqoqi7]v dvvaia&s Xa^dvsiv ovts %aiqovtsg dv dnaXXd^aits. 33. 
AoxeX ovv fxoi dnsq vjaiv, £X7toqsvEG&ai sig ztjv 'EXXdda • xai idv 
tig [isivri 7] anoXincov tiva Xtjcpd-'j nqlv iv aGqiaXsX shai ndv to 
Gtqatsv^ta, xqivsGd-ai avtov cog ddixovvta. Kal otcp doxsX, Eyq, 
tavta, aqdtoo t\v fEiqa. "Avstsivav dnavtsg. 

34. O ds JEiXavbg ifioa, xai £7ts%£iq£i Xsysiv cog dixaiov svq 
anisvai tov §ov).6fxsvov. 01 ds Gtqaticotat ovx rjV£i%ovto, dXt 
rinsiXovv avtcp bti si Xr^ovtai dnodidqaGxovta, t\v dlxijv £m&r[- 
coisv. 35. 'Evtsv&ev etieI 'iyvooGav ol 'HqaxXsoozai oti ixnXsTv 

11* 



126 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

8s8oy^.svov s'lri xal Esvocpcov avzog ETzexp^cpixcbg sit], zd pev nXoia 
nsfmovcn, zd 8s XQW ara ^ a vtiegiovzo TifiaGicovi xal Qcogaxt, 
iyjev<j[A.8voi%<jav zijg piGdocpogag. 36. 'EvzavOa 8s ExnsnXr\yiiEvoi 
7j6av xai s8s8oixsGav ztjv Gzgazidv oi z\v [UG&ocpogav v7i£G%r][xevoi. 
TlagaXa^ovzsg ovv ovzoi xal zovg dXXovg Gzgazrjyovg olg dvsxsxoi- 
vcovzo a ngoG&sv sngazzov^ {ndvzsg 5' i]Guv 7i)Ji]v Nscovog ZOV 
'Aaivaiov, og XsigiGoqco vnEGzgazriysi, XsigiGocpog ds ovnco nagrjv,)* 
eg%ovzai TtQog Esvocpcovza, xal XiyovGiv ozi ^Eza^iXoi avzoig, xal 
8oxotrj xgdziGzov shai nXsTv slg <l>aoiv, snsl nXoia egu, xal 
xazaG%sTv ztjv tyaciavav %oooav. 37. Ait]iov 5' vhSovg izvyyavs 
fiaGiXsvcov avzcov. Eevocfcov 8' ansxgivazo ozi ov8sv dv zovzcov 
smoi slg z\v GZQazidv vpsTg ds GvXXs^avzsg, sept], si ftovXsG&s 
Xsyszs. 'Evzav&a dnc8sixvvzai TifiaGicov 6 Zlag8avsvg yvcopiyv 
ovx ixxXrjGid&iv, dXXa zovg avzov sxaGzov Xoy^ayovg tiqcozov 
tieiqug&cu nsi&siv. Kal dn^l&ovzsg zavza snoiovv. 

CAP. VII. 

1. Tavza ovv ol czgazicozai dvsnv&ovzo 7igazzo\isva. Kal 6 
Nscov Xeysi cog Asvocpcov dvansnsixcog zovg dXXovg czgazrjyovg, 
SiavosTzai ays iv zovg Gzgazicozag £%a7zaz?]Gag ndXiv slg <l>aGiv. 

2. AxovGavzsg ds ol Gzgazicozai %aXsncog sysgov ' xal GvXXoyoi 
iyiyvovzo xal xvxXoi GvviGzavzo ' xal \xdXa cfoftsgol r\Gav \nr\ not. 
r\GE\av ola xal zovg zcov KoX%cov xr]gvxag ETtoirjGav xal zovg dyo- 
gavopovg • ogoi ydg pf] slg zijv &dXazzav xazsepvyov xazsXsvG&7]Gav. 

3. 'EkeI 8s rjG&dvEzo Esvocpcov s8o%sv avzcp cog zdyiGza Gvvaya- 
ysiv avzcov dyogav, xal iir\ saGai GvXXsyljvai avzofxdzovg ' xal 
sxsXsvgs zbv xtjgvxa GvXXtysiv dyogav. 4. Oi #' snsi zov nrjovyog 
ijxovGav Gvvi8oaiA,ov xal ftdXa szoificog. 'Evzav&a Esvocpcov zcov 
[asv Gzgazrjycov ov xazyyoQEi, ozi r t X&ov nohg avzov, Xtysi 8s co8s * 

5. 'Axovco ziva 8ta@dXXsiv, co dvSgsg, sps cog eyco aga i^ana- 
zijGag i'ftdg ^jleXXco dysiv slg &aGiv. 'AyovGazs ovv fxov ngog 
ftscov ' xal sav [isv syco q>a(vcofxai dSwcov, oi %grj fis sv&evSe dnsX- 
fts'iv ng\v dv 8co 8iyrjv ' dv 8' vuiv cpaivcovzai dSixovvzsg ol eps 
8iafidXXovzsg, ovzcog avzocg xgrj<J&£ cognsg a%iov. 6. 'Ttislg 8 
scpi], igzs 8rJ7iov o&ev riXiog dviG%si xal onov 8vszai ' xal ozi iav 



LIB. V. CAP. VII. 127 

fisv zig slg zr\v 'EXXdda piXXri thai, nqbg sGniqav dsi tzoqsveg&cu' 
rjv ds zig fiovXtjzcu slg zovg {taqpaoovg, zovpnaXiv izobg tco. "Egziv 
ovv ogzig zovzo dv dvvaizo vuag i^axazTJGai cog ip.iog 'iv&sv {lev 
(hifjyu, dvszai ds ivzav&a, svdsv ds dvszai, aviGysi 8 ivzsvdsv ; 
7. 'AXXd \i\v xal zovzo ye imcrzaads oti ftoqsug fisv s$co zov TIov- 
zov tig zrjv 'EXXdda cft'oet, vozog ds s'igco slg <Pa<jiv ' y.al Xe'yszs, 
ozav fiooQcig tint] cog y.aXol nXoi sIgiv slg zrjv 'EXXdda. Tovzo 
ovv sgziv OTzcog zig av vudg i^anazr^ai cogz i^aivsiv bnozav 
vozog 7iV!-\} ; 8. 'AXXa ydq bnozav yaXrjvrj rj ififiifico. Ovy.ovv iyco 
pev iv in nXoio) nXsvGoyiai, vpsig ds zovXayjazov iv iy.azov. Ilcog 
dv ovv iyco r] ^laGaifirjv ifiag avv spot nXslv \irj $ovXo\ievovg r\ 
itanazi^ag dyoifii ; 9. IIoico d' bfiag i^anazrj&svzag nai xazayo- 
rjisv&svzag vtz ifiov iqy.siv slg (Pdaiv ' xal dq y.al anofiaivo(Jisv slg 
zr<v ycoqav yvcoGSGds drjnov ozi oix iv zrj 'EXXddi iazs' xal iyco 
[asv etjopai b i^nazr^cog slg, vfisXg ds ot i^TzazTj/xsvoi, iyyvg fiv- 
qicov iyovzeg onXa. Ilcog av ovv sig dv^q fxaXXov doiij dixryv r] ov- 
zco 7Tso\ avzov zs y.al v{icov fiovXsvopsvog ; 10. AXV ovzoi sigiv 
ol Xoyoi dvdqcov y.al r)Xi&icov y.ai ifiol cp&ovovvzcov, ozi iyco vcp vpcov 
Tifimfiat. Kaizoi ov dixaicog y av fxoi cp&ovoisv. Tiva ydq av- 
zcov iyco y.coXvco rj Xsysiv si zig zi aya&ov dvvazai iv Pful>, rj pdys- 
G&ai si ztg i&sXsi vizsq vficov zs xal iavzov, rj iyoriyoqivai nsql zrjg 
vfiszsoug aaqaXsiag impsXofisvov ; Tt ydq ; dgyovzag alqovfjisvcov 
vfxcop iyco zivi i t u7Zodc6v sl[U ; FLaQirftM, dqy.szco ' fiovov dya&ov zi 
nmcov v\idg qicavsa&co. 11. "AXXa ydq ipol fisv dqy.sl nsqi zov- 
zcov zd slqrjfisva ' si de zig vpcov ?} avzbg i"S,anazr]Q-r^vai av oiszai 
zavza, rj dXXov i\aizazr^ai zavza, Xsycov dtdaayszco. 12. "Ozav 
ds zovzcov aXig syr^zs, fjrq dnsX&!]zs nqlv av d'AOVGrjzs olov bqco iv 
z~q Gzoazta dqybfisvov nqd)'\ia ' o si stisigi y.al sGzai olov imodei~ 
y.vvGiv, coqa r\\iiv fiovXsvsG&ai vnsq rjficov avzcov [it] y.dxiGZOi zs xai 
aiGyiGzoi dvdqsg aTzoqaivcofjis&a y.al Tiqog &soov y.ai nqbg av&qco- 
ncov y.ai qpiXcov xal tzoXsjxicov y.al y.azacfqovrjtyco^sv. 13. 'Axov- 
aavzsg ds zavza oi Gzqazicozai i&avpctGav zs o zi sit] y.ai Xsysiv 
iy.eXsvov. ' E/. zovzov doyszai ndXiv • 'EniGzaG&i nov ozi ycoqia 
r)v iv zolg oqsGi fiaofiaqr/.d, qpiXia zoig KsqaGovvztoig, o&sv y.aziov- 
zsg zivsg y.al isqsia incoXovv r)fuv y.al aXXa cov siyov. Aoy.ovGi ds 
fioi xcu v\icov zivsg elg zb iyyvzdzco %coqiov zovzcov iX&ovzsg ctyo- 



128 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

gdaavTsg ri ndXiv dTisX-OsTv. 14. Tovro xazaftadwv KXsdqszog 6 
Xoyaybg oti xal fuxqbv e'i'tj teal dyvXaxTov did to yihov vo\iiX,siv 
ehai, sqysTai id aviovg trig vvvabg cog noqdijGCov, ovdsvl r^cov 

E171COV. 15. AlEVEVOTjTO $£, El ?M^Ol 7ods TO ycOQlOV, Eig fllv 70 

6zqd.7£v\ia [tijxezi iX&sTv, ifx^dg 8 sig nXoiov iv a} izvyyavov ol 
Gvanrjvoi avxov naqanXsovTEg, xal iv&susvog u ti Xdfioi, dnonXscov 
olxsG'&ai s%co tovTIovtov. Kal iccvxa Gwco/noXoyrjaav avzm ol in 
70V nXoiov gv6X7]voi, cog iycb vvv alo&dvopai. 16. JJaqav.aXsGag 
ovv bnoaovg STTEidsv rfysv inl to ycoqiov. JJoqsvonsvov ds alzbv 

Cp&aVEl IJllSqa yEVOftEVIJ, Hal OVGZaVZSg ol UV&QW7ZOI vmo iGyvqcov 

tottcov ^dXXov7sg ycal naiovTsg zov is KXsdqsTOv dnoy,TsivovGi xal 
tcov dXXcov Gvyvovg ' ol ds Tivsg v,cu Eig KsqaGovvTa avzcov dno- 
%coqovGi. 17. Tavza cf t]v iv zrj r^sqa y t^itig dsvqo i^coqfAcofiEy 
7ie^. Tcov ds ttXeovzcov szt zivsg fjGav iv KsqaGovvzi y o'vnco 
dvriyiisvoi. Met a zovzo, cog ol KsqaGOvvzioi XsyovGiv, dcpixvovv- 
7di tcov i% 70v ycoqiov 7qsXg dvdqsg toov ysqawiqcov nqbg to xoi- 
vbv 70 qfisTEQOv XQV^ ovr8 S iX&siv. 18. y Ensi 8s rj^dg ov xaziXapov, 
nqbg rovg KsqaGOvvziovg sXsyov ozi fiavfidt^oiEv 7i r\\iiv do^sisv 
iX&siv im avTovg. 'East fisvzoi ocpsig Xsysiv, tcpaaav, oti ovv. dno 
aoivov ysvoiTo to nqdypa, TjdsGdai te amovg y.al pt'XXsiv ivddds 
ttXeiVj cbg 7][aiv Xs%ai tcc ysvopsva v,al tox g vsxqovg xeXeveiv avTovg 
ftdnTEiv XafiovTag Tovg tovzov osoLisvovg. 19. Tcov cf dnocpvyov- 
7(ov Tivsg'EXXrjvcov sxvypv szi bvTsg iv KsnaaovvTi' aiG&OLiEvoi ds 
Tovg fiaqfidqovg onoi ioiev avToi ts iToX\ir\<5uv fidXXsiv Tolg Xi&otgt 
xcu 70ig dXXoig 7iaQEX£XEvov70. Kal ol dvdosg t\no#vr\6y.ov6i 
7QEig ovzsg ol 7iQS6^stg y.aTaXEV6&svTEg. 20. 'Etie\ 8h tovto iysvsTo, 
sqypvTai nqbg i]\mg ol Keqcigovvtioi xcu Xiyovai to nqdyfia ' xal r r 
fisig ol GTQa7f]yo) uxovauvTsg i)%&6[iE&d TEToXg ysysvrjftsvoig y.ai ifiov- 
Xsvofisda gvv ToTg KsqaoovvTioig oTtcog dv TacpEirjouv ol tcov 'EXXjj- 
vcov vexqoi. 21. JZvyxu-d'rjfievoi §' s^co-cJev tcov onXcov i^aicfvtjg daovo- 
[A,sv ftoovfiov tzoXXov JlciiE TiaTs, fidXXs ftdXXs. Kal Taya drj 6qco[asv 
TtoXXovg nqog&sovTag Xi&ovg syovTag iv Taig X 8 Q 6 h 7 ovg d& xai 
dvaiqovfiivovg. 22. Kai ol psv KsqaaovvTioi cog dv xai icoqaxorsg to 
naq savTOig Ttqaypa, dslaavTsg dnoycoqovGi nqbg to. nXola. 7 Il6av 
ds vt) Aia xal r^cov or edsiaav. 23. "Eycoys pt)v ijX-dov Tzqbg avTovg 
xal TjqcoTcov o ti iazi to nqdypa. Tcov fi' ifiav lisv 61 ovdsv ijds6av 9 



LIB. V. CAP. VII. 129 

Oftms & Xi&ovg slyov iv taTg ^ff/y. 'East 8s sldon tivi ivsTvypv, 
Xt'ysi fiot ozi ol dyoqavofxoi dsivozaza ttoiovgi zo Gzqazsvfia. 
24. 3 Ev rovrcp Tig oqa tov dyoqavotiov Z/jXaqyov nqog tt)v &a- 
laTzav dnoycoqovvza, xai dvixqaysv ' ol 5' cog rjxovGav, cognsq r) 
Gvbg dyqiov r) iXdqjov cpavsvzog isvzai in avzov. 25. Ol 8' av 
KeoaaovvTioi cog eiSov bqpcovzag xatf avzovg, Gaqicog voyi^ovzEg 
in} Gcpdg tEG&ai, cpsvyovGi 8q6ficp xal i\ininzovGiv eig tt)v -frdXaTTav. 
J£vvEige7T8Gov 8s xal t)[A,cov avzcov Tivsg, xal inviysTo ogzig veiv fir) 
izvyyavsv iniGzdpsvog. 26. Kal zovzovg ti 8oxeTze ; jjSixovv psv 
ovSsv, EOEiGav 8s fir) Xvzza Tig cognsq xvgIv rjfiTv ifinsnzcoxoi. Ei 
ovv zavra Toiavra EGzai, ftsaGaGd's oia rj xazaGzaGig r)fuv EGzai 
ztjg Gzoaziag. 27. 'Tfisig fisv ol ndvzsg ova sgeg&e xvqioi ovz 
dvsXsG&ai noXsfiov cp dv fiovXrjG&s ovzs xazaXvGar idla ds 6 fiov- 
Xofisvog d^si Gzqdzsvfia icp o ti dv &sXrj. Kdv zivsg nqbg vfidg 
icoGi nqsG^sig rj EiQqvrjg 8e6fisvoi rj dXXov Tivbg, xaTaxavovTsg tov- 

TOVg 01 ftovXoflEVOl TTOltjGOVGlV Vfldg TCOV X6yCOV fir) OMOVGCU TCOV 

nqbg vfidg Iovtcov. 28. "EnsiTa ds ovg fisv dv vfistg dnavzsg sXr\- 
g&e dqyovzag, iv ovSsfiia ycoqa egovzcu ' ogzig $ dv savzbv sXrjzai 
Gzqazrjybv xal i&aXrj Xiysiv BdXXs fiaXXe, ovzog hzai Ixavbg xai 
dq^ovza xazaxavsiv xal l8icozijv ov av vficov i&iXrj dxqizov, r)v cogiv 
ol nsiGOfisvoi avzcp, cognsq xal %vv iyivszo. 29. Oia 5' vy.iv xal 
diansnqdyaGiv ol av&aiqszoi ovzoi Gzqazrjyol GxsxpaGds. ZrfXaq- 
yog yCsv ydq 6 dyoqavopog ei yh> ddixsi vydg, or/Ezai dnonXiaiv ov 
dovg vfiiv dixrjv ' si ds yrj ddixEi, qisvysi ex tov GzqazEVftazog dsi- 
cag \ir\ ddixcog dxqizog d.nod'dvr]. 30. Ol ds xazaXsvGavzsg zovg 
nqsG$Eig 8iE7zqdl-avzo vyiiv \iovoig psv Tav'EXXrjvcov Eig KsqaGOVVza 
pri aGcpaXsg slvai dv yrj gvv iGfy'i dtyixvEiG&ai ' zovg 8s vsxqovg 
ovg nqoG&Ev avTot ol xazaxavovzsg IxeXevov ftdnzEiv, zovzovg 
OiEnqd^avTO firjos gvv xrjQvxlcp ezi aGqaXsg slvai dvsXEG&ai. Tig 
ydq i&sXrJGEi xrjqv% Uvai xrjqvxag aasxTOvcog ; 3 1. ^AXX r^Eig 
KsqaGovvziojv ftdxpai avzovg idErjd-rjfiEv. Ei psv ovv zavra xaXcog 
s)[Ei, do^dzoj vpiv' iva cog toiovtcov EGOfxsvcov xal q>vXaxr)v idia 
7ioiy\G\] zig xal zd iqvyvd vnsqdsl*ia nsiqazai sycov gxtjvovv. 
32. El \ievzoi vfxiv doxsi &rjqi(ov dXXd yrj av&qconcov slvai zd zoi~ 
avza sqya, gxotisZze navXdv ziva avzcov ' si 8s fxr), nqbg Aibg 
ncog % ftaoTg &vgo\iev r]8icog noiovvzsg sqya dGefiij, rj TtoXsyioig 



130 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

ncog [laxovfie&a, ijv aXXyXovg xazaxaivcofAEv ; 33. TloXig 8s cpiXia 
zig ijfxag 8s%szai, tjzig av bqa zoGavzqv dvo\iiav iv qfuv ; 'Ayogav 
8s rig d^si &aQocov f yv 7teqI zd \isyiGza zoiavza iZafxaQtdvovzsg 
cpaivco^sd-a ; Ov 8s 8rj ndvzcov oiops&a zsv&G&ai inaivov, tig 
av fyag zoiovzovg ovzag STtaivtaeisv ; rj[XEig fxsv yag old* ozi tzov?]- 
qovg av cpaltjfAEv slvai zovg zd zoiavza noiovvzag. 

34. 'Ex zovzov dviGzdfisvoi ndvzsg sXsyov zovg fisv zovzcov 
dg^avzag 8ovvcu 8ixt]v, zov ds Xomov [ujyJzi i'S.tlvai dvopiag ag^ai ' 
idv 8s rig dgtrj, dyEG&ai avzovg inl {ravdzoy zovg ds Gzgaztjyovg 
elg 8ixag advzag xazaazfjoai ' slvai 8s 8ixag xal ei zi alio rig 
?]8ixrjzo i% ov Kvgog driidavE ' dixaazdg 8s zovg Xo%ayovg inoir\- 
Gavzo. 35. FLagaivovvzog 8s Esvocpcovzog xal zcov (xavrscov ovp- 
{HovXevovzcqv e8o%£ xal xadqgai zb Gzgdz£VfA.a. Kal iysvszo xa* 
xtaQjiog. 

CAP. VIII. 

1. "Ebo^s 8s xal zovg Gzgazrjyovg 8ixrjv vnoayziv zov nagsXt]- 
Xvdozog ygovov. Kal 8idovzcov (PiX-rjcnog [*sv cocpXs xal EavdixXijg 
zTJg qvXaxqg zcov yavXixcov ygyudzcov zo fisicofxa e'ixogi \ivdg. 2Jo- 
cpaivEzog 8s, ozi dgycov aigsdslg xtyzijtiiXEi, 8t'xa fivdg. Esvocpcov- 
zog 8s xazriyoQijadv zivsg cpaGxovzEg naisG&ai vri avzov xal cog 
vfigi&vzog zrjv xazrjyoglav inoiovvzo. 2. Kai 6 Esvocpcov dvaczag 
exsXevgev eitzeiv zbv ngcozov ngcozov Xt^avza ttov xal iTzXyytj. '0 
8s anoxgivszai' ° Onov xai zcp qijei dncoXXvfiExra xal %icbv tzXei- 
gzi\ qv. 3. c O 8' eItiev ' 'AXXd fii]v xal ^Eificovog ye ovzog oiov 
Xtysig, Gizov 8s miXsXoiTtozog, oivov 8s fATjcf oGcpgaivEGdai Tiagbv, 
vnb 8s novcov noXXcov anayoQEvovzcov, noXs^lcov 8s sno(isvcov, si iv 
zoiovzcp xaioqj vflQt^ov, o^oXoyco xal zcov ovtov vftqiGzozEQog slvai ' 
olg cfaGiv vnb z^g v^Qtcog xonov ovx syyiyvsG&ai. 4. "Oficog 8s xal 
7J$ov, tcprj, ex zivog Enltiy^g. IJozeqov ijzovv ge zi xal Insi fioi ovx 
i8i8cog snaiov ; dXX aTzyzow ; dXXd rtsgi nai8ixcov [ia%6[i£vogi 
dXXd pE&vcov ETZaqcovrjGa ; 5. 'Ensl 8s zovzcov ov8sv sqitjGEv, snrj- 
qezo avzov ei onXizsvoi. Ovx Eq)7j. TLdXiv si TtsXzd^oi. Ov8s 
zovz EcpT] ' dXX rjpiovov iXavvsiv, za%dslg vnb zcov gvgxt\vcov iXsv- 
&EQog cov. 6. 'Evzav&a 8q dvayiyvcoGxsi avzov xal ?Jqezo ' 1 H 



LIB. V. CAP. VIII. 131 

gv el 6 zbv xdfxvovza andycov ; Nal fid AC , eqir] ' gv ydq rjvdyxa- 
£sg ' zd ds zcov Efxeov gvgxijvcov gxevij dis'qqiipag. 7. 'AlX r\ filv 
didonixpig, sepq 6 Ssvocpcov, zoiavzij zig iys'vEzo. Aiidcoxa dlloig 
dysiv xal ixslsvGa Ttqbg Ipl dnayayslv ' xal anolaftow anavza 
Gcoa ansdeoxd goi, in el xal gv ipol dnedei^ag zbv dvdqa. Oiov 
ds zb nqdyfia iysvezo axovGats, 8<pq m xal ydq d^iov. 

8. "Av)\q xazsleinszo did to [hjxe'zi dvraG&ai noqsvEG&at. 
Ka), iyco zov fisv dvdqa zogovzov iyiyvcoGxov ozt elg itficov eiq ' 
ijvdyxaGa ds ge zovzov dysiv, cog p)j dnoloizo ' xal ydq, cog iyco 

Olfim, nols'fllOl tjfA.lV icfElTZOVZO. 9. JZwtCpy ZOVZO 6 aV&QCOTTOg. 

Ovxoiv, iq)7] 6 Esvocpcov, etteI nqovnsfixpd ge, xazalafi$dvco av&ig 
gvv zotg 6niG&o(pvXa£i nqogicov Bo&qov bqvzzovza cog xazoqv^ovza 
zov av&qconov ' xal iniGzdg imjvovv ge. 10. 'Enst ds naq£GZ7]xo- 
zcov ijficov Gvvsxafiips zb Gxilog 6 dvyq, drsxqayov oi naqbvzsg ozi 
f jjj b dvi]q • gv (f EiTTEg ° c Ottogcc yE fiovlEzai cog sycoye avzbv ov% 
aim, 'Evzav&a snaiGa ge ; dltjdq liysig • sdo^ag ydq fioi sidozi 
ioixsvai ozi s£g. 11. TV ovv ; ecpq, rjzzov zi dns&avsv, insl iyco 
goi dnidsi^a avzov ; Ka) ydq r^sig, 'icprj 6 Asvocpcov, ndvzeg dno- 
&avovfiEda' zovzov ovv hsxa ^covzag yiiag dsi xazoqvx&tjvai; 
12. Tovzov ftev dvsxqayov ndvzsg cog oliyag naiGEisv * dllovg ds 
exeIeve Hysiv did zi sxaGzog inlyy?]. 'Ensl cf ovx dviGzavzo, 
avzbg slsysv. 

13. 'Eyco, co dvdqeg, 6[ioXoyco naiGat 8n dvdqag evexev aza- 
%lag OGOig Gco&G&ai [xev iqqxEi di r^dg, iv zd^Ei ze lovzeov xal 
na^oftEvcov 07iov dt'oi, avzol ds ImovzEg tag zd^Eig Ttqo&EovzEg 
aQTzd^siv tj&Elov xal fycov tikeovexzeTv. El ds zovzo ndvzsg etioi- 
ov^Et'i dnavzsg dv d7rcal6(i£da. 14. "Hdr} ds xal iia\axiQo\iEvov 
viva xal ovx l&ilovza dviGzaG&ai alia nqoiifJLEvov avzbv zoig 
7zo7*E[iioig xal InaiGa xal E^iaGd\iy\v aoqEVEGftai. 3 Ev ydq zc? 
layvqcp y^Eijicovi xal avzog note dva\isvcov zivag GVGXEvat,ofiEvovg 
xa&E&iASvog Gvpbv yjqovov xazspa&ov dvaGzdg [i6lig xal zd Gx(lr\ 
ixzEivag. 15. 'Ev iftavzcp ovv nsiqav lafichv ix tovzov xal dllov 
hnozs idoiiu xa&tjpevov xal filaxsvovza, rjlavvov ' zb ydq kivei- 
GiJai xal dvdq&G&ai naqEiyE \tsq\iaGiav zivd xal vyqozi^za ' zb ds 
xa&TJG'&ai xal r\Gvyiav sysiv Icoqcov vitovqybv ov zco zs drtortriyvv- 
6&ai zb al\ia xal tcp dnoGri7teG&ai zovg zcov Ttodcov daxtvlovg • 
dneq nollovg xal vustg iGte na&ovzag. 16. "AXkov di ye iGcog 



132 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

vTZoXeinopevov nov dia qaozcovrjv xal xcoXvovra xal vfidg zovg 
nqoa&ev xai r) k udg zovg onia&ev noqeveo&ai enaiaa riv% oncog fir} 
^°YXV V7T0 twv noXe\ilcov naloizo. 17. Kal yaq ovv vvv e^eoziv avzoTg 
6co&eio~iv u zi vtt ejxov ena&ov naqa zb dlxaiov dlxrjv Xafielv. El 
cf inl zoig noXe\iloig eyevovzo, zl \ieya av ovzcog enaftov ozov dlxrjv 
dv r)%lovv Xa[i$dveiv ; 'AnXovg fioi, ecprj, 6 Xoyog. 18. 'Eycb yaq 
el [iev in dya&co exoXaad ziva, d^ico vneyeiv dlxrjv olav xal yoveig 
vlolg xai didaGxaXoi natal. Kal yaq ol lazqol xalovai xai ze\ivov- 
6iv en dya&co. 19. El de vfiqei vopl^eze pe zavza nqdzzetv, er- 
&v\ir)&r]ze ozi vvv eyco d-aqqeo ovv zoig deoig \idXXov r] Tore, xal 
ftoaovTeoog el{ii vvv rj Tore, xal olvov nXelco nivco ' dXX opcog ov- 
deva nalco' ev evdla yaq oqco vfidg. 20. "Ozav de ^eijacov ?] xal 
ftdXazza \ieydXr] enicpeqrjzai^ ov% bqdze ozi xal vevpazog fiovov eve- 
%a %aXenalvei pev nqcoqevg zoig ev nqcoqa, %aXenalvei de xifeqvt'i- 
zr\g zoig ev nqv\ivr\ ; 'Ixavd yaq iv to? zoiovtco xal [Mxqd dfAaqzr]- 
tfevza ndvza ovvEnizqlxpai. 21. f/ On de dixalcog enaiov avzovg 
xal vfjieig xazedixdoazE zoze ' e^ovzeg Zicpri ov xpfyovg naqtozijZE, 
xal e%r\v v\iiv inixovqetv avzoig, el efiovXeade. 'AXXd pa Ala ovze 
rovroig insxovqEize ovze ovv ipol zbv dzaxzovvza InaiezE. 22. 
Toiyaqovv i^ovolav enou\oazE zoig xaxoig avrcov ifql&Lv ioovreg 
avzovg. Oi\iai yaq, elidtXeze cxoneiv, rovg avTovg ei<qrj<jeTe xai roze 
xaxloTovg v.a\ vvv v^qiaToraTovg- 23. Botaxog yovv 6 nvxzrig 6 0ez- 
zaXbg zore fiev dtefidxezo, cog y.dfivcov, dtrnlda fxl] qeqeiv '■ vvv 8' cog 
axovco KoTvooqiTcov noXXovg dnode'dvaev. 24. ' Hv ovv acoepqo- 
wjzsj zovzov zdvavzla noujaeze ?/ zovg xvvag noiovai ' zovg \iev 
yaq v,vvag zovg y^aXenovg Tag \iev rj^eqag dideaci, Tag de vvxzag 
dcpiacn " tovzov de, rjv acocpqovtJTe, ttjv vvxra fxev d?]oeT8, t\v de 
i)/j,EQav dcpiio~eTe. 25. 'AXXd yaq, ecprj, <&avixd£co oti el pe'v tivi 
vfjLiov dn?]x&6pr{V [A.e'pvr]6&e xal ov GiconaTE ' el de tco r) ^etficova 
inexovqrjaa r) noXe'fuov dnrjqv^a rj da&evovvTi r] dnoqovvTt 6vve%e- 
noqiad ti, tovzcov ovdelg pe'fxvrjTai ' ovd' eiTiva xaXcog ti noiovvza 
inrjvEGa old* Ei ziv dvdqa ovza dya&bv ezl[At]aa cog idvvdfirjv, ol- 
de zovzcov fie'[A,vr]G&e. 26. "AXXa \i\v ytaXov ye xal dlxatov xal 
OGiov y.ai rjdiov zcov dya&cov [taXXov rj zcov xaxcov fiefivrjad'ai. 

3 Ex zovzov fjiev dr) dvltizavzo xal avefilfxvr^axov ' xul neqieyevezo 
wgze xaXcog eyew. 



LIB. VI. CAP. I. 133 

ZE1V0&S2NT02 
KTPOT ANABA2E&2 g . 



CAP. I. 

1. 'Ex zovzov ds iv zy diazqifiy ol fisv dnb zijg dyoqdg tL,03v, 
ol ds hfiXofjievoi ix zijg IlaqjXayoviag. 'ExXionsvov ds xal ol Ua- 
yXayovsg sv \idXa zovg dnoGxsdavvvnivovg, xal ztjg vvxzbg zovg 
7Tq6gg) axrjvovvzag insiqoovzo xaxovqysiv ' xal TzoXspixoizaza nqbg 
dXX/;Xovg slypv ix zovzojv. 2. ( ds KoqvXag, og izvyyavs jots 
IlayXayoviag dqywv, tis^ttsi naqd zovg"EXXr]vag nqzGpsig syovzag 
mnovg xal azoXdg xaXdg, Xsyovzag ozi KoqvXag zzoifiog sir] zovg 
"EXXrjvag (.ttjz ddixsiv \xr]z ddixsia&ai. 3. 01 ds azqazrjyol dne- 
xqlvavzo ozi nsql [asv zovzojv avv zy azqazia fiovXsvaoivzo, inl %svla 
ds idiyovzo avzovg ' naqsxdXsaav ds xai zojv dXXoov dvdqow ovg 
idoxovv dixaiozdzovg slvai. 4. Qvaavzsg ds ftovg zcov aly^aXco- 
zcov xal dXXa IsqsTa svcoyiav usv dqxovaav naqslyov, xazaxsl\isvoi 
ds iv aziftdaiv idsinvovv, xal smvov ix xsqazivcov nozrjqiojv, oig 
ivezvy^avov iv zy %ooqa. 

5. 'Ensl ds anovdai z iysvovzo xai inaiwviaav, dviazrjaav 
nqwzov t usv Qqaxsg xal nqbg avXbv ojqp'/aavzo avv zolg onXoig xal 
i\XXovzo vxprjXd zs xal xovqcog xal zaig payaiqaig iyqoovzo ' zsXog ds 
6 szsqog zbv szsqov naisi, cog ndaiv idoxsi nsnXriyivai zbv dvdqa ' 6 §' 
ansae zeyvixoog ncog. 6. Kal dvsxqayov ol TlaopXayovsg. Kal 6 fisv 
axvXsvaag zd onXa zov sziqov i^yti adoov 2izdXxav ' dXXoi ds zojv 
GqaxoZv zbv szsqov i^icpsqov cog zs&vrjxoza ' yv ds ovdsv nsnov&ojg. 
7. Mszd zovzo Aividvsg xal Mdyvyzsg dvsazyaav, ol coqyovvzo 
zr)v xaqnaiav xaXovyiivyv iv zoTg onXoig. 8. • ds zqonog zyg 
oqyyasojg ?]v ' o (isv TzaQads'ftsvog zd onXa ansiosi xal ^svytjXazsi 
nvxva^szaazQsqjo^svogtog <$o§ov(jisvag' Xriozqg ds nqogiqiszai' b$ 
snsidav 7TQoid)]zai, dnavza dondaag zd onXa xal fidyszai nob zov £sv- 
yovg' xai ovzoi zavz inoiovv iv Qvdjxa) nqbg zbv avXov ' xal zsXog 6 
Xrj6zr)g drjaug zbv dvdqa xal zb ^svyog dndysi ' iviozs ds xal 6 &vy)]- 
Xdzrjg zbv XrjGzyv ' elza naqd zovg fiovg &v%ag Imam zoo islqe 
dsdsfisvov iXavvei. 

12 



134 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

9. Met a tovto Mvabg sig7 t Xdsv iv sxaTEQCiTij ysioi rycov izeXt^v ' 
not tote [isv cog dvo dvtiTazTO^Evcov fii^ovfxEvog cooysiTo, tots ds cog 
TTQog ha iyqrJTO zaig nllTaig, tote ds idivsho xai iZsxvfii'aTa sycov Tag 
TTblzag ' cogTE oxpiv xaXijv cpaivsa&ai. 10. TsXog ds to Tlsqaixov cooyu- 
to xqovcov Tag TtsXTag, xai coxXaQs xai i^aviaTaTo ' xai TavTa ndvTCf. 
iv Qv&fico etzolei nobg zbv avXov. 11. 'Em ds tovtco EmovTsg ol Mav- 
zivslg yai allot Tivsg tcov 'Aqxddcov avaaTavzsg i^OTzXiad^Evoi cog 
idvvavzo y.dXXiaza ijsadv te iv QV&fj.cp Tzgbg tov ivonXiov Qvdfibv 
avlovpsvoi yai inaicoviaav yai conyf^aavTO cognsq iv xalg nqbg zovg 
x)Eobg Tzqogodotg. t OqcovTEg ds ol IlacfXayovsg dsiva inoiovvTO rrdaag 
tag oqyjjasig iv onXoig shai. 12. 'Eni TovTOig bqcov 6 Mvabg 
iy.nsnXriyiiivovg avTovg, Tzsiaag tcov 'Aqxd.dcov Tivk ns7ia\.dvov 
OQfflGTQida slgdysi axsvdaag cog idvvazo xdXXiaza you danlda dovg 
xovcpqv avzfj. e H ds cogyijaazo IlvQqiy}]v iXacpqcog. 13. 'Evzav- 
fta yqozog r\v noXvg ' yai ol IlacfXayovsg iqqovzo eI xai yvvaixsg 
avrs/jidyovTo avzoig. Ol d' sXsyov on avTai you at TQE\pd(XEvai 
eiev fiaaiXsa ix tov azqaT07Ttdov. Ttj psv ovv vvxzl zavTy tovto 
70 TsXog iysvEzo. 

14. Tq #' iaTsnaicz nqog^yov avTovg sig to aToaTEvpa ' yea 
sdo^s zoig GtQaricoTaig utjZE ddixsiv IJacpXayovag firjTE ddixsta&ai- 
Meto, tovto ol fisv nqsa^sig co/ovto ' ol d' EXXrjvsg, insidij tzXoici 
txavd idoxsi naqsivai, dvafidvTsg ehXeov fjfiEQav xa) vvxTa nvEVf.ia- 
ti xaXco iv doiaTEQa eyovTsg tijv IlacfiXayoviav. 15. Ttj tf dXXq 
dcptxvovvTai sig 2ivconi\v xal coqpiaavTO sig AqfA?;vt]v T^g Zivconrig. 
^ivconsTg ds olxovai fisv iv zrj riacpXayonxy, MiXrjalcov 8 dnoixoi 
Eiaiv. Ovtoi ds %Evia Tzs^inovai Toig "EXXtjaiv dXcpiTcov fisv [tedr 
firovg TQigyiXiovg, o'lvov ds xsodfua yjXia yal 7ZEVTax6aia. 16. Kai 
XstQiaocpog ivzav&a qX&s TQirjgsig sycov. Kai ol fisv GToa- 
TicoTai nqogsdoxcov dyovzd ti ayiaiv yxsiv ' 6 ds T i ys/.tev ovdsv, u.nrfl- 
ysXXs ds oTi iTzaivoirj avTovg xal 'Ava'S.ifiiog 6 vavanyog xai ol 
ciXXoi, xal oti vmayvsZTo 'Avalifiiog, si dcpixvolvto k%co tov IIovtov, 
lUG&ocpoQav amoig '(asad-ai. 

17. Kai iv zavT\] ttj 'Aqyir^ spEivav ol aTqancotai ijfiiqag 
nsvTE. 'Qg ds Tijg 'EXXddog idoxovv iyyvg ytyvEa&ai, r^dtj fidXXov 
rj nooa&sv sigrjSi avTovg oncog dv xai syovzlg zi oi'xads dcpixcovTai, 
18. 'HyriaavTO ovv } d era s'Xoivzo aqyovra, pdXlov dv ? nolvaq- 



LIB. VI. CAP. I. 135 

%lag ovGr t g 8vvaG&ai zbv sva yo7jG&ai zcp GzgazEvfxazi xai vvxzog 
y.ai r^isgag ' xal si zi 8soi Xav&dvsiv, pdXXov av xgvizzsG'&ai ' xai 
ti zt 8e'oi cpddvttv, ?)zzov av vGztgl^Eiv ' ov ydg av Xbycov 8siv 
ngbg alh]lovg, alia zb 86$av zcp in 7TsgaivtG-&ai av • zbv 8s k)i- 
TTQOGftav xqovov tx z7jg vixcoGijg sngazzov ndvza ol Gtgazijyoi. 
19. 'Qg 8s zavra 8isvoovvzo, tzgdnovzo inl zbv Ztvocpcovza ' xai 
ol Xoyayol sXsyov rzgogiovztg avtcp on rj Croatia ovzco yiyvcoGXEi ' 
■/.a) tvvoiav lf8siy.vvfA.Evog rxaGtog stteiOev avzov vnoGZ\\vai zi\v 
dg%tjv. 20. c O 8s Zztvocf-cov n7] fitv tfiovXszo zavra, vopitcav xai 
zijv ziui]v (ittXco ovzcag savzcp yiyvsa&ai WQog zovg cpi'Xovg "/.at, 
slg zijv noXiv zovvoyta fiti^ov dcpttEG&ai avzov ' zvybv 8s y.ai 
ayaftov zivog dv aitiog ztj Gtgazia ysvs'a&ai. 

21. Td psv 8ij zoiavza iv&v^iifiaza sttt^qsv avzov ETTi&vfisiv 
avzoxgdzoga ysvsa&ai dqyovza. 'Ottozs 8' av iv&v[Jioizo bzi d8rj- 
Xov \isv navzi av-&gco7zcp on?] zo fxsXXov e£ei, 8ta zovzo 8s xai 
xiv8vvog sit] xal z\v ngosigyaG\iivi]v 8o£av dno^aXsTv, ijttoqsizo. 
22. Aianogovicsvcp 8s avzcp 8iaxgivai s8o^s xgdziGzov thai zoig 
&soig dvaxoivcoGai ' xal 7iagaGzi]Gd\iEvog 8vo lEgtia i-tJvszo zcp 
Au zcp BaaiXsi, ognsg avzcp navztvzbg i\v tx AtXcpcov * xal zo mag 
8\ anb zovzov zov -&sov ivopi^sv icogaxtvai b ti8sv bze i]Q-ytzo im 
zb GvvsnijisXslG&ai zrfi Gzgazidg xadiGzciG'&ai. 23. Kal oze i£ 
'EcpeGOv 8s cogpdzo Kvgcp GVGza&ijGOfitvog aszbv dvs{iipvr l Gy.szo 
iavzcp 8s%iov cp&syyousvov, xadypsvov fisvzoi, coGnsg 6 \idvzig 
nqon£\incov avzov sXsysv bzi (is'yag (isv olcavbg sit] xa\ ovy. ISicozi- 
xbg y.al sv8o<;og, ininovog fttpzoi ' zd ydq oovsa fidXiGza smzi&s- 
G&ai zip dszHp xa&rjpsvo) ■ ov fisvzoi ^qr\\iaziGZiybv thai zbv 
oltovov ' zbv ydq aszbv nsto\isvov \idXXov Xa^dvsiv zd snizrfisia. 
24. Ovzco 8q ftvopsvcp avzcp 8iacpavcag 6 -&sbg Gr^ahsi (iiqzs noog- 
8tiGdai zijg dqyjig \ii\z si aiQoivzo a7zo8sytG\)'ca. Tovzo p&v 8) 
ovzcog sysvszo. 25. C H 8s Gtqazid Gvv/jX&s, xal izdvzsg sXsyov sva 
aiosiG&ai' xal srzs] zovzo s8o%s, ngot^aXXovzo avzov. 'Ens! 8s 
iSoy.ti 8JjXov thai on alq^Govzai avzov ti zig S7ti\pi]cpi£oi, dvsGztj 
xal sXs^s zd8s ' 

26. ' Eych, co av8QEg, rfiofiai fisv vnb vticov znuoifxsvog, EinSQ 
dv&Qco7z6g £i[M, xal %dgiv s%co xal sv*fp\iai 8ovval [aoi zovg ■cJsovg 
aiziov zivog vfjiiv dya&ov yevtG&ai ' zb fisvzoi ips nqoxQi^vai vcp 



136 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

vpav ugyovza Aaxsoai\ioviov dvdgbg nagovzog ovtf vfiiv fioi ooxsi 
gv[a<$eqov slvai, a).)! r>zzov dv did zovzo zvyydvsiv ei 11 dtoia&e 
nag avzcov ' ifiol z av ov ndvv zi vopi^co aocpaleg shai zovzo. 
27. 'Ogco ydg ozi xal zij nazgidi liov ov ngoG&sv snavGavzo noXs- 
\iovvzsg nglv inoir^av naaav zr)v noXiv oixoXoysTv Aaxsdaifioviovg 
xal avzcov qysfiovag shai. 28. 3 Ensl ds zovzo cbfioXoyr^av, sv-tJvg 
snavGavzo noXspovvzEg xai ovv,izi nsga snoXiog-Ar^av zr)v noXiv. 
El ovv zavza bgcov iycb doxoujv onov dvvaifi^v svzavtlt dxvgov 
tzoieTv zb ixsivcov d^ico(j,a, ixeiro sworn fxr) Xiav av zayy Gcoqgovi- 
G&EirjV. 29/0 § i>(iug evvoeize on ijzzov av GzaGig sir] ivbg dgyov- 

70g 7J TtoXXcOV, EV IGZE Oil dXXoV flEV iXoflEVOl 0V% EVgrjGEZS Efll 

GzaGiaQovza ' vo\ii%co ydg bgzig iv 7ioX(\ico av czaGid^si 7zgbg 
ugyovza zovzov ngbg zr)v iavzov Gcozr t glav GzaGidtsiv ' idv 8 ips 
eX^g&e, ovx av -&av(jidoai(ii el ziva svgoizs xal vixiv xal ifiol dy&o- 

[AEVOV. 

30. 'Ettei zavz EiTTE, noXv nXsiovsg shaviGzavzo Xtyovzsg cog 
dt'oi avzbv dgysiv. 'AyaGiag 8s ^zvpcpaXiog slnsv on ysXoiov £irj, 
ei ovzcog syoi, si bgyiovvzai Aaxsbainovioi xal idv gvvoeitzvoi gw- 
sX&ovzsg pr) AaxEOaijjLoviov GVfiTioGiagyov aigcovzai ' snsl si ovzco 
ys zovz sysi, scprj, ovds Xoyaysiv i]\uv e^egziv, cog soixsv, ozi 'Ag- 
xddsg eg^iev. 'Evzav&a drj cog sv slnovzog zov 'AyaGiov dve&ogv- 
fiqGav, 

31. Kal 6 Esvocpcov snsl scoga nXslovog svds'ov, TzagsX&cov 
slnsv ' AXXl co dvdgsg, scft], cog ndvv sid7jzs, b\ivvco v\iiv dsovg 
ndvzag xal naGag i\ fjujv syco etzeI ti]v vfiEzsgav yvco^v r^G&avo^v, 
i&vof-irjv el fisXziov si't] vfA.iv rs sfiol smzgstyai Tavrrjv zfp dgyr\v 
xal Efiol VTZOGZijvai ' xai \ioi oi ftsol ovzcog iv zoig isgoig SGr^rpav 
cogze xal IdicozTjv dv yvcovai ozi zrjg fxovagyiag amy£G#ai [is 
dsT. 32. Ovzco drj XsigiGocpov aigovvzai. XsigiGocfog $ snsl 
igs&r], nagsX-&cbv eitiev ' 'AXX, co dvdgsg, zovzo ph igze 
ozi ovtf dv sycoys EGtaGia^ov, si dXXov eiXeg&s. Esvoycovza 
[tt'vzoi, ECft], covrjGazs ovx sXofisvoi ' cog xal vvv A£%innog rfirj 
ditfaXXsv avzbv 7igbg 'Ava&fiiov o ti idvvazo xal \idXa spov avzbv 
Gtyd&vzog. c ds sept] voixi^siv avzbv TiyiaGicovi \idXXov Gvvdq- 
Xsiv i&sXrjGai Aagdavsi ovzi zov KXsdgyov czgazsviiazog rj savzep 
Adxcovi ovzi. 33. 'Ensl \ievzoi ips eiXeg&e, ECprj, xal syco neiqaGo- 



LIB. VI. CAP, II. 137 

f.iai o zi dv dvvcouat v/udg uya&bv noislv. Kal vfxng ovzco naqa- 
Gxsvd^EG&s cog avqiov iav ftXovg rj avaioiisvoi ' 6 ds nlovg sGzai sig 
' Hqd.xlsiav ' dnavzag ovv dsi sxeTge TisiqaG&ai xazaG^slv ' zd ds 
alia STzsidav exeigs sld'coiisv povlsvaops-fra. 

CAP. II. 

1. 'Evisv&ev zij vgzeocucc dvayofisvoi nvEVfiazi snXsov xalcg 
r)fis'qag dvo uaqd yl]v. Kal naqanlsovzsg s&scoqovv zip z 'Iaao- 
n'av dxzr)v, sv&a r) ^4qyca Xsyszai oquiGaGd'ai, xal zcov nozayicov zc\ 
Gzo^aza' nqcozov fisv zov QsQfAOjdoviog, snsiza ds zov"lQiog,'t7iEi- 
za ds zov Alvog, \isza ds zovzov zov Uaq&svlov ' zovzov ds 
naqanlsvGavzEg dcpixovzo sig c Ilqdxlsiav noliv 'Ellyvida Msya-- 
qs'cov anoixov, ovaav 5' iv zrj Maqiavdvvcov ycoqa. 2. Kcd coqui- 
Gavzo naqd zrj 'AysqovGiddi Xsooov/jGcp ■ sv&a Xsyszai 6 ' Hqa- 
xlrjg inl zov Ksqftsqov xvva xazafttjvai y vvv za Grjfisia dsixvvovGi 
zrjg xazafyaGscog zb fid&og nls'ov rj inl dvo Gzddia. 3. 'Evzav&a 
zolg "EllrjGiv ol '.Hqaxlscozcu %s'via ns'ftnovGiv dlcpizcov fxsdiiivovg 
7Qig%(Xtovg xal otvov xsqdfiia digyJXia xal fiovg eixogi y.al oig sxa- 
zov. 'Evzav&a dice zov nsdlov qei nozapbg Avxog bvofta, svqog 
cog dvo nXs&qcov. 

4. 01 ds Gzqazioizai Gvllsysvzsg l^ovlsvovzo zr)v Xoinrp no- 
QEiav nozsqov xazd ftjlf rj xazd ftdlazzav %qij noqsv&rjvai ix zov 
TLovzov. \AvaGzdg ds Avxcov^Ayaibg sins' Qavpd^co \i\v, co dv- 
dqsg, zcov Gzoazrjycov on oh nswcovzai r^Xv IxnoqiQsiv GizyosGiov ' 
zd {isv yaq 'S,ivia oh fiq ytvrjiai z7] Gzqazia zqiwv r^sqmv Giza. 
ono&sv c¥ IniGiziGu^xsvoi noqEVGOfisd'a ovx sgziv, scpij. 'Epol ovv 
doxsi alzsTv zovg 'Ilqaylscozag f-ir t slazzov rj zqigyillovg Kv&xrjvovg. 

5. "Allog d' slnSy per) slazzov rj fivqlovg ' xal slopsvovg nqsG^sig 
avzixa \idXa r^icov xadmxivcov ns^nsiv nqbg zr)v noliv, xal 
sldsvai o zi dv dnayyillcoGi^ xal nqbg zavza fiovlsvsGd'ai. 

6. 'Evzev&sv nqovfidllovzo TzqsG^Eig nqcozov psv XsiqiGOCfOV, ozi 
aq%cov fjqrjzo * sgzi c¥ ol xal Esvocpcovza. 01 5' iG/vqcog ansudyov- 
ro ' ducpoiv ydq zavza idoxsi pr} dvayxd^siv noliv ' Ellqvida xal 
cfiliav o zi fA.1] avzol l&tlovzsg didolsv. 7. 'Ensl 8 ovv ovzoi ido~ 
now dnqoifvycoi ehai, mimovGi Avxcova ^AyaCov xai Kallifxa^ov 

12* 



138 EXPEDITIOCYRI. 

IJaQQamov xal 'Ayaaiav ZzvyuqdXiov . Ovzoi iXdovzEg sXsyov ra 
dedoyfizva ' zov ds Avxcova sqiaGav xal ETianEiXEiv, el fit] uoit\goi£V 
Tavza. 8. 'AxovGavzEg 5' ol e JlqaxXEcozai (5ovX£VGEG&ai scpaGav ' 
xai sv&vg zd Te%Qrjpaza ex tcov dyqcov Gvvtjyov xal t?]v dyoqdv e'igco 
avEGXEvaaav xal al nvXai exexXeivzo xal Em tcov tei%cov OTzXct 

ECfaivEZO. 

9. "Ex zovzov ol zaqd^avzEg Tavza zovg GzoaTyyovg t^ticovzo 
diaqi&EiQEiv ztjv nga^iv' xal GvviGzavzo ol'AoxddEgxal oVAyaiol' 
TTQOEiazfjxei ds \idXiGza avzcov KaXXi{ia%6g ze 6 JJaQQaGiog xal 
Avxcov 6 'A%aiog. 10. Ol ds Xoyoi i\Gav avzoig cog aiG/obv £ir\ 
dojEiv Eva 'AOtjvaiov Il£Xo7Tovvt]Gicov xal AaxEdaiyiovicov, fii]d£(uav 
dvva\iiv naQEypiiEvov Eig z)\v azQazidv ' xai zovg fjisv Tiovovg Gcpdg 
e/eiv, zd ds xsodq aXXovg, xai zavza zt]v GcozrjQiav Gcpcov xazEiqya- 
Gyiivcov ' Eivai ydn zovg xazEinyaafiivovg 'Aqxddag xal *Ayaiovg ' to 
d' dXXo azqdzEv\ia ovdlv Eivai' xal tjv ds zy dXq&Eia vtzeq j][aigv 
tov oXov azoazEVfiazog 'Aqxddsg xal A%aioL 11. ft ovv gco- 
cpQOvoisv ovzoi, ovcjzdvzsg xal Gzoazijyovg iXo^svoi savzeov xatf 
savzobg dv t\v noosiav noiolvzo xal tteiqcovto dyaQov zt XapfidvEiv- 
12. Tavza sdo^s ' xal dnoXmovzsg XsiQiaoqiov a zivsg rjaav naq 
avzcp Aoxdosg \ *Ayaiol xal Esvocpcovza GvvinzTjGav xal Gzqa- 
ttjyovg alqovvzai savzeov dsxa ' zovzovg cf Eiptjqiiaavzo ex z-qg 
nxcoGijg o zi doxoirj, zovxo noiuv. r Ii [ilv ovv zov navzbg dq'fj] 
XsiqiGOCfO) ivzav&a xazEXv&Tj rifJCiqu exzij rj sfidofAr} dep rjg fiqEVq. 

13. AEvoofcov \isvzoi e^ovXezo xoivy \iez amcov zrjv noosiav 
TtoisiG&at, vopitcov ovzcog dacpaXEGzsqav eivai i] idea exaazov gzeX- 
XsG&ai ' dXXa Necov etiei&ev avzbv xad ? avzbv noQEVEodai, dxov- 
aag zov XsiQiGocfov ozi KXsavdoog 6 iv Bv^avzico aQpoaziig qiairj 
7QirJQ£ig £%cov tj^siv Eig KdXnrig Xifisva ' 14. OTzcog ovv {iriosig (ae- 
zd.Gjpi, dXX avzol xal ol avzcov Gzqazicozai sxnXsvaEiav sm zcov 
TQiqQcov, did tavza cjvve^ovXeve. Kal XsiQiGocpog, d\ia (.tsv 
d&vftcov zoig yEysvrjftsvotg, dfia ds (itcscov ex tovzov to GzodzEVfia, 
EmzQsnsi avzco tioieiv o zi fiovlszai. 15. Esvoqcov ds szi fisv 
ETTEyEiQijaEV anaXXayslg Tijg czoaziag sxnXsvGai ' <&vo[a.evoi ds av- 
ti$ zco 'Hysfion 'HgaxXet xal xoivovfiivcp noTEoa Xcpov xal apewov 
ei'i] GzoazEVEcrdai, s^ovti Tovg naqafiEivavTag tcop szoazicozcov, rj 
dnaXXdzzEGftai, eg^i]vev 6 freog Toig lEQolg GVGToaTevEG&ai- 



LIB. VI. CAP. III. 139 

16. Ovzco yiyvszai zb Gzqdzsvya zqiyri ' 'Aqxd8sg ysv xai A%aioi 
nXsiovg rj rszqavig^iXioi val nsvzavoGioi, bnXTzai ndvzsg ' Xsiqi- 
Goqjco 8s onXXzai ysv slg zszqavoGiovg val %iliovg, TtsXzaGzai 8s 
Big enzavoGiovg, oi KXsdqiov Oqavsg ' Asvocfcovzi 8s buXlzai ysv 
slg snzavoGiovg val yiXiovg, nsXzaGzal 8s slg zqiavoGiovg ' innivov 
8s yovog ovzog e7%ev, aycpi zovg zsrzaqdvovza innsag. 

17. Kai oi ysv 'Aqvd8sg 8ianqa^dysvoi nXoXa naqa rcov 
"HqavXscozcov nqcozoi ttXsovgiv, oncog s^aicfvrjg snmsGovzsg toig 
Bi&vvoTg Xdftoisv ozi nXsiGza ' val anofialvovGiv slg KdXTzrjg Xi- 
per a vaza ytGOv Ticog zrjg Qqdvijg. 18. XsiqiGocpog 8' sv&vg ano 
rrjg noXscog t&p 'HqavXscozcov dq^dysvog neX^i inoqsvszo 8ia zrjg 
%coqag' msl 5' slg zr\v Oqdvtjv ivs'ftaXs, naqa zi\v ftdXazrav 
r±si ' val ydq ijSq tjg&svei. 19. Asvocpcov 8s nXoia Xafichv uno- 
Salvsi inl rd oqia rijg Oqdvqg xal rrjg 'HqavXsc6ri8og val 8tcc 
nsGoyalag inoqsvsro. 

CAP. III. 

\^0v ysv ovv rqonov 7] rs XsiqiGocfov aqy/i rov navrbg vars- 
Xv&rj val rcov ^EXXrjvcov rb Gzqdzsvya io%iG'&7i iv zoig inarm 
etQrjTou.'] 2. "Enqa^av 5' avzcov svaGzoi zd8s. Oi per AqvdSsg 
cog dne'prjGav vvvzbg slg KdXnrjg Xiysva, noqsvovzai slg tag nqco- 
rag vcoyag, Gzd8ia ano &aXdzzt]g cog zqidvovza. 'Ensl 8s cpcog 
iysvszo rjysv svaGzog Grqarrjybg to avzov Xd%og inl vcoyr\v ' bnola 
8s ysi'Qcov i86vsi sivai gvv8vo X6%ovg ijyov oi GzqazrjyoL 3. 2vv- 
s^dXovzo 8s xal locpov slg ov 8soi ndvzag aXt%EG&ai. Kai 
dzs i'^aiqivTjg inmsGovzsg dv8qdno8d rs noXXa ska$ov xal nqoftara, 
itoXXd nsqisfidXovTO. 

4. Oi 8s Qqaxsg r)&qoi±ovto oi oiacpvyortsg ' noXXo\ 8s 8is- 
cpvyov TTsXraGral ovzsg bnXiza.g l\ avzcor zcov %siqcQv. 'Enst 8s 
GvvsXs'yrjGav, nqtozov ftsv z<# ^pUqrizog X6%q> svbg zcov *Aqy.d8vsv 
Gzqazrjycov dniovzi i\8r] slg rb Gvyv.siy.svov aai noXXa '/Qrjyara. 
ayovri imzi&zvzai. 5. Kai zicog ysv syd%ovzo aya noqevoysvoi 
oi EXXrprsg ' en) 8s 8iaftdt5Ei yaqdSqag zqinovzai avzovg ' val av- 
Tov zs rov 2yUq-ijza anovzivrvaGi v.ai rovg dXXovg rtdvzag ' 
aXXov 8s X6%ov rcov 8wa Gzqaz7]ycov zov ' HyrjGdv8qov bxzcb yovovg 
aazs'Xi7Zov' xat avzbg ' RytjGavSqog sgco&tj. 6. Kai oi aXXoi yh 



140 EXPEDITIO CYRL 

Xo%ayol GvvrjX&ov ol [asv gvv nqdy\iaGiv ol ff dvsv nqayfidzcov ' 
ol 8s Oqaxsg iszsi evtv^rjaav tovto to sv7v%i][ia, Gvvsfioow rs dXXr\- 
Xovg xal GvvsXsyov70 sqqcofisvtog trig vvx7og. Kal dfia zrj rjfxtqa 
xvxXco Tisql rbv Xocpov sv&a oVEXX^vsg iazQaronedevovzo irdzrovTO 
y.al Innslg noXXol xal nsXzaGzal, xul dsl nXsiovsg Gvvtqqsov. 7. Kal 
TiQogtftaXXov nqbg zovg onXixag dacpaXcog ' ol fisv ydq 'EXXqvsg ov- 
78 70%6zrjv siypv ovzs dxovziGzrjv ovzs Innia ' ol 8s Ttqog&sovzsg 
y.al nqogsXavvovzsg tjxovzi^ov 67167s 8* avzoig sttioisv, qa8lcog 
dnscpsvyov ' dXXoi 8s aXXy snszi&svzo. 8. Kal zcov fisv 710XX0I 

SZlZqOJGXOVZO, 7toV 8s Ovdsig ' CO£T6 mVTJ&JjVai OVH s8\)VaV70 8H 70V 

%(x)qiov, dXXd 7sXsv7cov7sg xal dno 70v v8azog slqyov avzovg ol 
Oqaxsg. 9. 'Ensl 8 dnoqia noXXi] qv, 8isXeyovzo nsql gtxov8cov ' 
xal za fA.lv dXXa cofioXoyqzo avzoig, ofiiqqovg 8* ovx l8i8oGav ol 
Oqaxsg aizovvzcov zoav 'EXXtfvow • dXX iv 70V7q> iGfszo. Td fisv 
8rj zoov '^QxdScov ovzcog sifs, 

10. XsiqiGocpog 8s aGcpaXag noqsvofisvog naqd %dXazzav 
dcpixvsi7ai slg KdXmjg Xifisva. ^svocpcov7i ds did zr\g fisGoya'iag 
Ttoqsvofis'vcp ol Innslg nqoxaza&iovzsg svzvy^dvovGi nqsG^vzaig 
noqsvofisvoig not. Kal snsl 7Jx& qoav naqd Asvocpwvza, iqcozd 
avzovg si nov rjG&yvzai dXXov Gzqazsvfiazog ovzog EXXtjvixov. 
11. Ol 5' sXsyov ndvza zd ysysvrjfisva, xal vvv ozi noXioqxovvzat 
inl Xocpov, ol ds Oqaxsg ndvzsg nsqixsxvxXcauivoi slsv avzovg. 
3 Ev7av&a zovg fisv dv&qconovg zovzovg icpvXazzsv tGXvqmg, onoog 
rjysfiovsg slsv onov 8sor Gxonovg 8s xazaGZ7\Gag gwsXs^s zovg 
Gzqazmzag xcu sXs^sv ' 

12. "Avdqsg Gzqazicozai, zmv 'Aoxddcor ol fisv 78>&vaGiv, ol 8s 
Xomol stzI Xocpov 7ivbg noXiooxovvrcu. Noftfce) tf syays, si hsivoi 
dnoXovvzai, 068' rjfuv sivai ovdsfiiav G(ozt]Qiav, ovzto fisv ttoXXwv 

OVZC3V ZOOV 710XS[U'(0V, OVZ03 8s 7S&aQQ7jK07(aV. 13. Kga7lG70V ovv 

7]fiTv cog 7aiiG7a ^oi]&sTv 7oTg dv8oaGiv, OTicog si hi sigi gwoi, gvv 
sasivoig [A.a%c6us&a xal fit] fiovoi Xsiq>&sv7sg fiovoi xal mv8vvsvcofisv. 
14. Nvv filv ovv G7Qai07is8svwfJis\>a nQOsX&ovzsg ogov dv doxy 
xaiohg sivai slg zb 8si7ivo7ioisiG&ai' sag (f dv noQEVttfis&a, 
TifiaGicov s%cov zovg mnslg nqosXavvhco icpoqwv rjfidg, xai <rxo- 
nslzto zd 8fA7iQOG-&sv, tog fir{8h rjftdg Xd&a. 15. naqmsfi^s 8s 
xal zgjv yvfivr t zo)v dv&qwnovg svt,oovovg slg zd nXdyia xai sig za 



LIB. VI. CAP. III. 141 

axoa, oncog el nov ti tto&ev xa&ootoEv, Gt]fiaivoisv ' IxeXeve ds xai- 
eiv dnavza otcg ivrvy%dvoi£v xavGifico. 16. 'Hfisig ydq ano- 
dgaiqfiw dv ovdafiov iv&svds' ttoXXtj fiev yag, sept], sig'HgdxXEtav 
ndXiv dmivai, tzoXXtj ds slg XgvGonoXiv disX&Eiv ' ol ds tzoXe'juoi 
Tthjaiov ' elg KdXnijg ds XifiEva, sv&a XsigiGOcpov uxdt,o\isv thai 
el GSGcoGtai, iXayiGtT] bdog. *AXXd drj ixsi fisv ovtE nXoXd EGtiv 
olg dnoTTXsvGovus&a ' fjiivovGi ds avzov ovds (xiag rjfisgag sari td 
imTqdsia. 17. Tcov ds noXiogxov\isvcov dnoXo^svcov gvv toig Xsi- 
giGocpov povoig xdxiov sgti diaxivdvvsvEiv rjtcovds gco&evtcov ndvtag 
£ig tavtbv iX&ovtag xoivy tijg Gcozyqiag s%E6&ai. 'AXXd yg?] naga- 
cxEvaGapEvovg tt]v yvcoiir\v 7TogsvsG&ai, cog vvv rj EvxXscog tsXsv- 
zijaai sGtiv tj xdXXiGtov sgyov sgyaGaG&ai "EXXtjvag toGovtovg 
ccoGavzag. 18. Kal 6 -&sbg iGcog dysi ovzcog, og tovg fisyaXrjyog^- 
cavzag cog nXsov cpgovovvtag tansivcoGai fiovXszai' r\\iag ds tovg 
dnb ftscov dgiofxsvovg svzifLozsgovg ixsivcov xataGtrjGai. AXX 
snsG&ai %gr] xai ngogsysiv tbv vovv, cog dv to nagayysXXQyiEvov 
dvvrjG&s noislv. 

19. Tavt dncbv r/ysTto. Ol $ InnsTg diaGTtsigo\isvoi scp ogov 
xaXcog uysv sxaiov q iftddi^ov. Kal ol nsXtaGzal Ininagiovrsg 
xatd id dxga sxaiov ndvza ogcc xavGi\ia scogcov ' xai rj Gtgatid ds, 
£i Tin TzaoaXsiTtOfisvcp svzvyydvoisv ' cogzs naGa r\ %coga ai&SGdai 
idoxsi xcu to Gzgdtsvyia noXv slvai. 20. 'Ens) 8 coga ijv xate- 
GtgatonsdsvGavzo S7i\ Xotyov ixfidvtsg, xai td t£ tcov noXs\iicov 
nvgd scogcov, ansiyov ds cog teztagdxovza Gtadiovg, xai avtol 
cog Idvvavzo nXsiGra nvga sxatov. 21. 'EtzeI $ Edsinv7]Gav idyi- 
Gia, 7taqr\yysX'&ri rd nvga xaraG^svvvvai ndvra. Kal rr\v \isv vv- 
xta cpvXaxag nonjGd^svoi sxd&svdov ' d\ia ds i\\ r^sQct nqogsv^d- 
fisvot xoTg &EoTg xai Gvvxa^dfisvoi cog sig \id"f7\v etioqevovto y sdv- 
vavro rdyiGta. 22. TifiaGicov ds xai ol Innsig syovzsg xovg 
rjyEuovag xai noosXavvovtsg zXdv&avov avzovg ia\ rco X6cpq> ysvo- 
[isvoi, sv&a srroXiOQxovvzo ol "EXXijvsg. Kal ov% oqcogiv ovt£ 
cpiXiov GTodzEVjiia ovze TzoXsfMOV xcu tavTU anyylXXovGi nqbg zbv 
^.svocpcovza xai to Gtqdtsv\ia ' yqatdia ds xai ysoovtia xai nobfiata 
oXiya xai §ovg xazaXsXsiiiiisvovg. 23, Kal to fxh> nqcotov -cJavfia 
ijv tl sir] to ysysvr^ivov ' snsita ds xai tcov xataXsXsifji^ivcov 
invv&dvovxo ozi ol \ih Ooaxsg ev&vg acp eG7Z£oag cp%ovto dmov- 



142 EXPEDITIOCYRI. 

rsg ' tmdsv ds xa) zovg "EXX^vag sqiaaav ofyea&cu ' onov de ovx 
Eidivai. 

24. Tavta dxovaavTEg ol apcpl AsvoycovTa, ins) rjQiGTTjGav, 
6V6XEvaad{iEvoi inoosvovTO, fiovXo/iEvoi ag layicxa. ov/ufxi^ai toig 
dXXoig slg KaXnyg Xtfxiva. Kal noosvopsvoi swqwv tov czlfiov 
tmv 'Aoxddcov xa) 'Ayaiav xaTct tijv in) KdXmjg odor. 'Ens! d 
dcpi'xovzo eig to avro, dfffiEvoi IE Eidov dXX-rjXovg xa) rjand^ovTO 
ocignEQ ddsXcpovg. 25. Ka) invv&dvoiTo ol Aoxddsg rav nsq) 
SsvocpcovTa ji ra nvqa xaTaofis'oEiav ' 'HfisTg fisv ydo, k'^aaav, 
olofxE&a v^dg to [xsv nodoTov, insidt] ra nvQcc oi>% scoqafXEv, Ttjg 
WATog i\%eiv inl tovg noXsfAi'ovg ' xai ol noXspioi ds, <x>g y r\\iiv 
idoxovv, tovto dsiaavTsg amjk&ov * aysdbv yao dpy) tovtov top 
yqovov dnrfiaav. 26. 'Ens) $ ovx dqlxEO&E, 6 ds yqovog i^rjXEv, 
cpopstf vfidg nv&opivovg ra nag ri\uv tyofirj&ivTag o'iys6&ai dno~ 
dodvTag in) ftdXaTtav ' xa) idbxsi ^yiiv \i\ dnoXmia&ai vpoov. 
Ovzcog ovv xa) ijfiEig dsvqo inoqEv&r^sv. 



C A P. I V. 

1. Tavzrjv fifv ovv t\\v r t fiiqav ai'Tov qvXiZovTO in) tov alyia- 
Xou nqbg too Xifiiii. To ds ycoqiov tovto b xaXsitai KdXnrjg Xijitjv 
t6Ti per iv Tr\ Oqdxrj tj] iv ti] 'Asia ' aol~afii?vi] ds r\ Qqdxrj avzrj 
iauv dnb tov oto^arog tov TIovtov ftiyqig 'HqaxXsiag in) ds^id 
Eig rbv TIovtov EignXiovTi. 2. Kal TQifesifiEv icTiv slg ' HqdxXsiav 
ix Bvt,avTiov xconaig ?]/Asqag fxdXa fxaxqdg nXovg ' iv ds jcp [xsacp 
uXXtj psv nbXig ovdsfu'a ovte cpiXi'a ovte 'EXXrjwg dXXd Oqaxsg 
Bi&vvol ' xa) ovg av Xdfiaci twv 'EXXyvcov ij ixninTovtag tj dXXmg 
ncog dsiva ifoCQEiv Xsyovzai \_Tol>g "EXXr l vag~\. 3. ' ds KdXnijg 
Xipi]V iv ixs6(o fisv xeTzcu sxaTSQOo&Ev nXsovTtov ?£ ' ' IIoaxlEiag xal 
Bv'QavTiov ' egti 8 iv txi S^aXdzTi] nQOXEijisvov ycogiov, TO flEV Eig 
t\v $dXa.TTav xa&ljxov civzov nsTQa dnoooo)^, vxpog ont] iXdyi- 
gtov ov fisTov eixogiv OQyviav ' 6 ds avy)jv 6 slg ti\v yijv avfjxmv tov 
ycoQtov /jdXiGTa TETTaocov nXsd-Qcov to svgog ' to d' ivzbg tov 
av%ivog ycoot'ov ixavbv pvoiotg avftoconoig oixijcat. 4. stipjv 8 
vn avT\} Tij ntTQc/ to nobg iant'oav ar/iaXbv sycov. Kotjvrj ds 
ydsog vdaTog xa) dy&orog Qsovaa in avTfi ty ^aXdzTi^ vno tt\ 



LIB. VI. CAP. IV. 143 

imxqazsia zov y&qiov. EvXa ds noXXd [isv val alia, rtdyv 8s 
■no71a xai xaXd vavn^yijaijia in avzij zij d-aXdzzTj. 5. To ds 
oqog xb iv xco hftsn- stg /xsGoyatav y,sv avrjxEi ogov ini ecxogi 
Gzadiovg, xai xovzo ysadsg xai aXi&ov' xo ds naqd {tdXazzav 
nXiov ij inl EixOGi Gzadiovg daGV noXXoig xai navzodanoig xai 
fxsydXoig $vXoig. 6. H d' dXXrj yaqa xalij xai noXXrj ' xai xwfiat 
iv avzy eIgi noXXal xai olxdvfisvai ' qjsqsi yaq rj yy\ xai xqi&ag xui 
nvqovg xai oGnqia ndvza xai [isXivag xai G^Gafia xai ovxa 
doxovvza xai dfinsXovg noXXag xai rfivoivovg xai zdXXa ndvza 
nX)\v iXaicov. e H [tsv ycoqa Ijv zoiavzrj. 

7. 'Egxi'jvow ds iv zcp aiyiaXcp nqbg zjj &aXdzzr> ' sighs to 
noXiGfxa dv ysvo\isvov ovx ifiovXovzo Gzqazonsdsvsad'ai ' uXXa 
idoxsi xai zb iX&sTv ivzavtia i% intfiovXijg slvai, {joiO.ops'vcov zivmv 
xaxoixiGai noXiv. 8. Tojv ydq Gzqaziwzoov ol nXslazoi r^av oh 
GTidvsi fiiov ixnsnXsvxozsg inl zavzr^v z\v [iiG-froopoQav, dXXd t\v 
Kvqov aqszrjv dxovovzsg, ol (ilv xai dvdqag ayovzsg, ol ds xai 
nqoga.vrfXaxozsg yq^aza, xalzovzojv szsqoi dnodsdqaxozsg riaziqag 
xai {xrjzsqag ol ds xai zsxva xazaXinovzsg cog yqiy/xaza avzoig xrtjGci- 
[tsvot rfeovxsg ndXiv, dxovovzsg xai zovg dXXovg zovg naqd Kvqco 
noXXd xai dya&d nqdzzsiv. Toiovzoi ovv ovzsg ino&ovv tig z\v 
'EXXdda gco&g&ou. 

9. ^Ensidq ds vGzsqa Tjfxtqa iysvszo zqg slg zavzbv Gvvodov, in 
i'Zodcp i&vszo Eevoopwv ' avdyxi] ydq fjv inl xd smrrfSzia i^dysiv ' 
insvosi ds xai zovg vsxqovg ftdnxziv. 'Ensl ds xd lead iytvszo, 
einovxo xai ol Aqxddsg, xai xovg [xsv vsxqovg xovg nXsiGzovg 'ir&a- 
nsq snsGov sxaGxovg s&aipav ' ?]d)] ydq r t aav ns\inzalo\ xai ov% 
oiov xe dvaiqsiv szi i\v ' ivlovg ds xovg ix xdov odav avvsvsyxovxsg 
s&aipav ix xav vnao'/ovzcov mg idvvavxo xdXXiGza ' ovg ds /<// 
EvqiGxov xsvozdcpiov avzoig inoirjGav \xsya xai nvqdv {isfafajn, xai 
Gzscpdvovg inidsGav. 10. Tavza ds noir\Gavxsg avsymqijaav inl 
to Gxqaxonsdov. Kal zozs fxsv dsmv^Gavzsg ixotp.tf&rrGav ' *•§ 8 
vGzsqaia GvvrjX&ov ol Gzqazixozai ndvzsg, Gvv~]ys de [idXiGta 
AyaGiag ze JSzvfiqjdXiog Xoyaybg xai 'Isqavvfxog 'HXsTog Xoxaybg 
xai dXXoi ol nqsG^vzazoi zoov "Aqxddoov ' 1 1. xai doyua inou'j- 
cavzo, idv zig xov Xotnov fiv^G&rj dfya xb GzqdxEv\ia noisiv, da- 
fdxqj avzbv typiovG&ai : xai xazd yaqav dniivai finsq nqoa&Ev 



144 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

e7%e zb Gzqdzsv\ia, xal dqysiv zovg TtqoG&Ev Gzqazrjyovg. Kai 
XsiqiGocpog /xsv ifiq zszslsvzr^xsi cpdqixaxov nicbv nvqszzcov ' za tf 
ixsivov A r t'cov 'Acivcdog naqsXafis. 

12. Mszd 8s zavza i^avaGzag sins Esvotycov ' 7 Q dv8qsg 
Giqazicozai, zr\v fisv noqsiar, cog some, drjXov ozi nsX^ Tzoiqziov ' 
ov yaq tan nXola ' dvdyxtj 8s noqsvsGdai qdrj ' ov yaq sgzi fitrovai 
za smzrfisia. 'HfiEig fisv ovv, sept], fivGOfisfta ' vpag 8s 8st 
naqaGxsvd'QsG&ai cog fta%ov[ievovg si nozs xal dllozs ' oi yaq no- 
)J/j.ioi avazE&aqgrjxaGiv. 13. 'Ex zovzov i&vovzo oi Gzqazrjyol, 
\idvzig 8s naqiqv 'Aqrfeicov 'Aqxdg ' 6 8s ZiXavbg 6 'Anfiqaxicozr^g 
i t 8f] a7zo8s8qdxEi nXoTov fAiG^coGdfxsvog i% 'HqaxXslag. Qvopsvoig 
8s im zy dcpoScp ovv. iyiyvszo za isqd. 14. Tavzr\v [isv ovv zrjv qjte- 
qav inavGavzo. Kaizivsg izoX\icov Xsysiv cog 6 Zsvocpcov fiov7.6fA.svog 
zb ycoqiov oixiGcu nsTtsixs zbv \idvziv Xsysiv cog za isqd ov yiyvszai inl 
dcp68cp. 15. 'Evzsvdsv xrjqv^ag zy avqiov naqslvai inl zijv &vGiav 
zbv fiovXofisvov xai \idvzig s'l zig sit], TtaqayysiXag naqslvai cog 
Gvv&saGOfisvov za Isod, s&vs ' xal ivzav&a naqtJGav noXXoi. 
16. Qvofxsvcov 8s ndXiv slg zqlg im zy dcr,68cp ov-/, iyiyvszo za isqd. 
'Ex zovzov y^aXsncog slypv oi Gzqazicozai ' xal yaq za imzrjSsia 
insXmsv a syovzsg yXdov. xal dyoqa ov8s/j.ia naqjjv. 

17. 'Ex zovzov gvveX&ovzcov sins ndXiv Zsvoqcov, Q dv8qsg, 
im (jlsv zrj noqsia, cog bqdzs, za isqd o'vnco yiyvszai ■ zcov 8' imzi]- 
8sicov oqco vudg SsofAs'vovg ' dvdyxr] ovv fioi 8oxsi sivai -&vsG$ai 
nsql avzov zovzov. 18. 'AvaGzdg 8s zig sins ' Kal slxozcog dqa 
r\[ilv ov yiyvszai za isqd ' cog yaq iycb anb zov avzofidzov %&sg 
?jxovzog ttXoiov rjxovad zivog ozi K)Jav8qog 6 ix Bv^avziov aqpo- 
Gzrig fisTuXsi rfeuv nloTa xal zqiijqsig sycov. 19. 'Ex zovzov 8s dva- 
fiivstv fjisv TzaGtv i8oxsi ' im 8s za imzrfisia avdyxrj rjv ihsvai ' 
xal im zovzcp ndhv i&vszo slg zqig, xai ovx iyiyvszo za isqd. Kal 
r t 8rj xal im Gxi]vr L v iovzsg ztjv Szsvocpcovzog sXsyov ozi ovx s'/oisv 
za imzrfisia ' 6 8' ovx dv 'iqpij i^ayaystv [i?j yiyvofisvcov zcov isqcov. 

20. Kal Ttdkiv zr t wztqcua i&vszo, xal g%e86v zi naGa r\ 
Gzqazid 8ia zb uilsiv anaGiv ixvxkovvzo nsqi za isqd ' za 8s 
•dvfAaza imlsloinsi. Oi 8s Gzqaz?]yol i£?jyov fisv ov, GvvsxaksGav 
8s. 21. Elnsv ovv jzEvocpcov' "iGcog oi noXs\iioi GWEiXsyiisvot 
sigI xal dvdyxt] ixdyw&ai ' si ovv xazahnovTEg za gxevtj iv zco 



LIB. VI. CAP. IV. 145 

iqv/nvco ycoqico cog £ig ^dytjp nczqsGxsvaGus'voi toifisp, iGcog dp ra 
isga nqoyaqolrj j]/hip. 22. 'AxovGapzsg 8s ol GTqaTicozai dpsxqa- 
yov cog ovdev 8 sop slg to ycoqiop dysip, alloc &vsG&ai cog zdyiaza. 
Kal nqofiara f.isv ovxsti r^v^ovvds vcp dfidSrjg Trqid^uspoi e&vopto* 
Hal £svoycoi> Klsdvoqog idsr^rj tov 'Aqxd8og nqod^vfJisTGd-ai si ti 
iv rovTcn sir]. 'Alt ovd' cog iysvszo. 

23. Nscov 8s rjv fisv GzqaTTjybg xaTa to XsiqiGocpov ps'qog ' 
insl ds icoqa rovg dv&oconovg cog slxov dsivcog ry irSsict, fiovlofis- 
pog avrolg yaq[^sGd~ai, svocov riva uv&qcotzov ' HqaxlscoTrjp og scprj 
xcoiiag iyyvg slbsvai o&sv sirj lafisTv to, inir-rfisia^ sxrjqvt,s top 
@ovl6 t uspop is'pai im to. imrrfisia cog rjys^opog saofAsvov. E%sq- 
Iovtcu 8r) gvp 8oqarioig xal daxoTg xai ftvldxoig xal allots dyysioig 
slg digydiovg dp&qco7zovg. 24. ' Ensidr) 8s 7\Gap ip TaXg xcopaig 
xal SiscJTTEiQovTO cog im to la\i§dvzir y imninTovGiP avtoXg ol (Paq- 
va@d£ov Innsig nqcoioi, pspor/d-rjxozsg ydq ijerav ToTg Bi&vpoTg 
fiovlofisroi gvp Toig Bi&vvoig si 8vvaivTo anoxcolvGai Tovg v Ellfj- 
vag fit) H&sTp slg tj)p (pqvyiap. Ovtoi ol Innsig dnoxzsiPOVGi tcop 
ar8qcop ov \islov nspraxoGiovg ' ol 8s lomol im to oqog aps'cfvyop. 

25. 'Ex tovtov dnayysllsi Tig Tavra tcop dnocpsvyopzcop slg 
to GTQaTons8op. Kal Espoycov, insi8r) ovx iysysprjzo to. Isqa 
Tavzrj rjj W*Q& P*$$& §ovv vnb dfid^rjg, ov yap 7jv alia Isqsia, 
GcpayiaGdftsvog ifiorj&si, xa\ ol dlloi ol fis'/Qi TQidxoPTa izcop anap- 
Tsg. 26. Kal apala^oPTsg Tovg loinovg dv8qag slg to GTqaTons- 
8ov dcfixrovPTai. Kal r t 8rj fisp dpcpl ijliov SvGfidg rjp xai ol 
"Ellrivsg \idla d&vpcog s/ovzsg i8sinponotovpTO, xal i^anivtjg 
8td tcop laGicop tcop Bid-vvcov Tipsg smyspoyispoi Toig Ttooyvlafy 
Tovg [isv xarsxapop Tovg 8s s8ico%ap peftQig slg to GTgaT07is8ov. 
27. Kal xoavytjg yspo^isprjg slg tcc onla ndpTsg GVPs8qafAOP ol 
"ED.rpsg xai 8icoxsiv \isp xal xipsip to GrqaTons8op pvxTog ovx 
uGcpalsg £86#si slvai ' 8aGsa yao rjp to. ycoqia ' ip 8s ToTg onloig 
IvvxTsqsvop cpvlaTTOiispoi IxccpoTg cpvla^i. 

13 



146 EXPED1TI0 CYRI. 



CAP. V. 



1. Tqv [ikv vvxza ovzco dujyayov ' &/iu ds zrj rj/us'qa ol Giqazfj- 
yol elg zb iqvfxvbv ycoqiov qyovvzo ' ol ds tmovzo dvaXaftovzsg zk 
onXa xal zk dxevq. Uqlv ds dqiGzov coqav thai ciTZEzdqqsvGav t] rj 
eigodog qv tig to %gdqiov, xal a7iEGzavqcoGav anar, xazaXinovzsg 
zqsig rivXag. Kal nXoTov 1% * HqaxXsiag i { v.sv uXqiza dyov xal 
IsqsTa xai olvov. 2. Flam d' avaozag Zsvoopcov i&vszo ins^odia, 
xcu ylyvszai zk Isqk ml zov ttqcozov IsqEiov. Kal ydrj zsXog £%6v- 
zcov zcqv Isqcav oqa aezov aiGiov 6 fidvzig 'dqrfS.mv JJaqoaGiog, 
y.al rjysiG'&ai xeXevel zov Esvocpavza. 3. Kal diaftdvzsg z\v zd- 
cpqov zk 07zXa zi&svzai, xal ixrJQv%ai> dqiGzijGavzag sj-isvai zovg 
czqaztcQzag gvv zoTg onXoig, zov ds 6%Xov xal zk avdqdrtoda avzov 
xazaXmsiv. 4. Ol fisv drj aXXoi ndvzsg i%r t SGav, A t scqv ds ov ' 
idoy.Ei ykq xdXXiazov slvai zovzov cpvXaxa xaz aXmslv zcqv ml zov 
Gzqazonsdov. 'Enzi 8 ol Xoyayoi xal ol azqazicazai aniXinov av- 
zovg, alcyvvoiiEvoi \ir\ £<$mzG&ai zcqv aXXnv ifyovzmv, y.azsXmov 
avzov zovg vnsq nivzs xai zzzzaqaxovza szt]. Kal ovzoi (ilv 
sfxsvov' ol 6° aXXoi moqsvovzo. 5. IJqiv ds Tzsvzsxctidsxa ozddia 
disXrjXvd'svai ivszvyov f)dt] vsxqoTg ' xai z\v ovqkv zov xsqazog 
TTOirjGdnsvoixazk zovg nqcozovg cpavivzag vsxqovg Iftanzov ndvzag 
bnoGOvg msXd\i^avs zo xs'qag. 6. "Ens) ds zovg nqcnzovg s&aipav, 
nqoayayovzsg xai z\v ovqkv av&ig noiriGa\iEvoi y.azk zovg nqc6- 
tovg zcqv azdycQv sdanzov zov avzov zqonov bnoGOvg msXd\i^avs.v 
7) Gzqaztd. 'Enel ds slg zr t v bdbv ijxov ztjv fy zcqv xcopaiv, sv&a 
dr] exeivzo a&qooi, GvvsvsyxovzEg avzovg s&a\pav. 

7. "Hdrj ds ntqa \iEGOVGr\g zrjg r^isqag nqoayayovzsg zb Gzqd- 
zsvfia 's<;co zcov yicofxcov iXdpfiavov zk iwztjdeia o zi zlg oqqjrj ivzbg 
zr\g cpdXayyog. Kal i^aicfv)]g oqcoGi zovg noXsfitovg imsq^dXXovzag 
v.azk Xoyovg zivkg in zov ivavziov, zszayfisvovg Ini cpdXayyog 
Innsag zs noXXovg xal ns^ovg' xai ykq 2md qiddzrig yal ' Pa&Urjg 
ijxov naqk (Daqvafid^ov syovzsg zjjv dvvajuv. 8. 'Ens) ds xazsldov 
zovg^EXX^vag ol tzoXs/xioi, EGzrjGav amyovzzg avzcov ogov nsvzz- 
v,aidsy.a Gzadlovg. 'Ex zovzov ev&vg ^qrj^imv 6 \idvzig zap 
'EXXr t vcov Gqayid^Ezai, xal sysvszo ml zov nqcozov xaXk zk ccpd- 



LIB. VI. CAP. V. 147 

yia. 9. "Ev&a dr] Asvocpcov XeyEi' J oxei [tot, co dvdqsg Gzoaztjyoi, 
ImTci^aad-ai zq cpdXayyi Xoyovg yvXaxag, tva av nov dey cogiv ol 
inifiorj&rJGOvzEgzri cpdXayyi, xal 01 noXi[iioi zszaoayfisvot ifininzco- 
civ Eig zszayyievovg xal dy.EQaiovg. 10. 2vv£d6y,£i zavza naaiv. 
' Tfteig [iev zoivvv, eqirj, nQorjyEtG&e z\v nobg zovg ivavziovg, cog \ir\ 
egt^xco^ev insl cocp&rj[iEv y.al Etdopsv zovg noXsfiiovg ' iyco ds ?£cq 
zovg zsXEvzawvg Xoyovg y.azaycoqiGag i]n£q v[uv timet. 

1 1. 'Ex zovzov ol [isv r\Gvyoi nqorjyov ■ 6 ds zqeig dcpsXcov rag 
TElevraiag zd^Eig, dvd diaxoGiovg dvdqag, z\v [isv im zb ds^ibv 
irtSTQSfyev icpe'nsG&ai, dnoXmovzag cog nXi&qov ' JtapoXug 'Ayatbg 
zavzijg ijqys zi\g zd^Ecog ' z\v d' im zcp [aegcq iycoqiGEv ensG&ai ' 
UvQQiag 'Aqxdg zavzrjg ijqys ' z)\v ds [ilav inl zcp £vcovv[iop • <I>qa- 
Giag AdyvaTog zavzrj icpsGzrjxei. 12. ITqoiovzEg ds, inm iysvovzo 
ol r\yov[isvoi inl vdnsi [lEydXcp xal dvgnoqop, £Gzi]Gav dyvoovvzsg el 
diaftazEOv eirj zb vdnog ' xal naqsyyvcoGi Gzqazrfyovg xal Xoyayovg 
naqiivai im zb qyovpevov. 13. Kal 6 Zsvocpcov, &av[taGag o re 
zb iG'fov Eii] z\v noqsiav xal zayh dv.ovcov zi]v naqeyyvrjv, iXavvei 
j) idvvazo zdyiGza. 'Ens) ds GvvtjXO-ov, Xsyst ZocpaivEzog nqs- 
cfivzazog cov zcov Gzqazt]ycov ozi (hvXfjg ovx u^iov Eirj si diafiaziov 
iGti zoiovzov av zb vdnog. 

14. Kal 6 Ssvocpcov GTrovdy vnoXaftcbv eXe^ev ' 'AXX i'gte [xiv 
[is, co dvdgsg, ovdsva nco xirdvvov nqo^Evr^avza v[uv i&sXovGiov' 
ov ydq dohjg bqco dsofis'vovg v[iag eig didQEi6zr]za, dlXct GcozijQiag. 
15. Avv ds ovzcog sysi ' dfiaysl fxsv iv&tvds ovy. sgziv aTtEld-Eiv ' 
jjv yaq [ii] i t [A£ig tcopiEv im zovg 7To).E[iiovg, ovzoi t][uv bnozav 
dmcoyiEv sxpovzai xa\ imnsGovvzau 16. ' Oodzs 6 s // nozsqov xqeiz- 
zov livai im zovg avdoctg 7ZQo{ja),Xo{it'vovg zd onlct, r] [iszafiuXlo- 
[isvovg 07tiG&£v Tjficov imovzag zovg 7ioXs[iiovg -&sdGaG&cu. 
17. Igze [ievzoi ozi zo per dmivai dm) noXs[iicov ovdsvl 
y.aXco eorAE ' zb ds icpETtEG&ca y.al zoig xaxioGi &dooog i[inoiEi. 
"Eycoy ovv ijdiov av gvv t][ugegiv snoimv ?] gvv dmXaGioig drtoyco- 
Q0ir]v. Kai zovzovg otcf ozi imovzcov [iev fycov ovcf vasTg eXtti^eze av- 
zovg ds^aG&ai r^dg ' dmovrcov dsndvzsg imGzdps&a ozi zoX{itjgov- 
Gtv icp£7T£G&ai. 18. To ds diufidvzag oniGtisv vdnog yaXsnbv noir\- 
caatJai [isXXovzag [idy£G&ai do ovyl y.al donctGai d^iov ; ToTg [asv 
ydo noXs[iioig sycoys ^ovXoi^v av svnoqa ndvza cpaiv£G&ai rngzs 



148 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

cittoxcoqeTv ' fjpag ds xou dnb zov %cqqiov dsT diddGxzG&ai ozi ovx 
egzi fiij nxooot GcozjjQia. 19. Ouvpd^co $ sycoys y,ai to vdnog 
zovzo el' zig \idXXov yofisobv vofu&i slvai z<x>v dXXcov mv diansno- 
gevfjie&a %(qqicqv. TImg per yao diaftazbv to Tzediov, ei firi vixfoo- 
psv zovg Inniag ; nmg ds a dielrjXv&apsv ogt], t}v TiEXzaGzal zoGOids 
icpmcovtai ; 20. *Hv ds dij xal Gcodwpsv im tfdXazzav, uogov zi 
vdnog 6 TLovzog ; sv&a o'vze nXoid sari zd dnd^ovza o'vze Gizog 
o) &Q8Tp6(is{}'a (XEvovzsg ' dsijGEi ds, rjv ftdxzov ixEi ysvwviE&ci, &dz- 
rov iidhv i^tivai im zd imzrjdsia. 21. Ovy,ovv vvv xqsTzzov tjqi- 
azrjxozag [Adxsa&cu rj avgiov dvaoiGZovg. "Avdosg, id is Isod r\\iTv 
xaXd oi re olcovol aiaioi id is aqjdyia xdXXiGza. "iwyiEV im tovg 
avdqag. Oh dsT szi zovzovg, insl fyug Tzdvzwg eidov, r)dscag dsi- 
rzviJGca ovd' onov dv fttXcooi Gxyvijacu. 

22. 'Evzev&ev ol Xo^ayol r)y£LG&ui exe'Xevov, xai ovdsig avziXs- 
ys. Kal og i)ysizo, 7zaQayysiXag diafiaivsiv r] sxaGzog izvy%avs rov 
vdnovg coV * fidzzov ydq dv d&ooov idoxsi ovzw nsoav yEVEG&cu to 
GzqdzEv\ia rj ei y.azd zrjv ys'qvoav r] im tg> vdnsi r\v eS,e\itiovovzo. 
23. 'Enei ds Sifftqaav, naoiGiv Ttaod zqv qdXayya sXsysv ' "u4vdo£g i 
dvafiipivrJGXEG&E occig dt] [td%ag gvv zoig fisoTg bfxoGE lovzsg vevi- 
nrjxazs y.a\ oia ndG%ovGiv ol noXEfiiovg cpsvyovzsg ' y.a\ zovz ivvorj- 
gclze ozi im zaig dvoaig zrjg *EXXddog eg^xev. 24. 'AXX etteG'&e 
rjysyiovizqj "lIoaxXEi, xcu dXlrjXovg TraQaxaXsTzE 6vo[aolgzi. 'Hdv 
zoi dvdoEiov zi xoLi v.aXbv vvv slnovza y.cu Ttoi/jGavza \ivrmi\v iv oig 
IOeXei, izaosyEiv savzov. • 

25. Tavza naoEXavvcov tXsyE xcti dpa vcp^ysizo sm cpdXayyog, 
xai zovg TisXzaGzdg sxazt'Qco&EV 7zoir]GdfAEVOi moqsvovzo im zovg 
TToXsiiiovg. TlaQiqyyElXETO ds zd [xsv dooaza im zbv ds^ibv cofiov 
E%£iv, scog GTjfiaivoi zij GaXmyyi ' msiza ds Eig nooftoXrjv y,a.&ivzag 
mEG&ai fiddrjv xat fA.7]diva do6[i<y> dimxEiv. 'Ex zovzov GvvdqfAct, 
naQ^Ei ZETZ Z.QTIJP, 'HPAKAHZ 'HrEMRN. 26. Ol ds 

TZoXt'fMOl V7TE[iEV0V VOflll^OVTEg HttXbv E%EtV ZO %03QIOV. 'EnEl ds 

mXtjGia^ov, dXaXd^avzsg ol EXXrjvsg TisXraGzai e&eov im zovg 
noXEfAiovg nqiv ziva xeXeveiv ' ol ds 7zoXe\iioi dvztoi G3Q[i7]Gav, 
oi ze Innsig xcu zb Gzicpog zcov Bi&vvoov y.al zQmovzai zovg nsX- 
raGzdg. 27. 3 AXX ettsI v7n]vzia^Ev r\ qidXay^ zwv bnXizav zayv 
TTOQEvof^Evt] xcti dfxa 7] GdXmy% iqj&t'y^azo xai inaicon^ov v.ai 



LIB. VI. CAP. VI. 149 

fisrd ravra rjXdXa^ov xal d\ia rd dbqara xa&ieaav • ivrav&a 
ovxsri idiiavro ol noXspiot, dXX ecpsvyov. 28. Kat Tifiaaicov fisv 
sycov rovg InnsTg i^Einsro, xai dnExrivvvaav oaovg nsq idvvavro 
cog oXiyoi bvrsg. Tcov 8s noXs\iicov rb [xev evcovvjaov sv&vg disand- 
Qr[> y.atf o ol EXXyvsg Innslg rfiav ' rb ds dshbv dze ov cjyodqa 
dicoy.o^evov im Xocpov Gvviair r 29. 'Ensl ds eldov ol "EXXrjveg 
vnousvovzag avzovg, idoy.si qaarov re xal ay.ivdvvorarov eivai 
Uvea in avzovg. IJaiaviGavzsg ovv sv&vg iniy.sivzo ' ol ds ovy vnifiei- 
vav. Kal ivzav&a ol neXzaazal idicoy.ov {isyqi rb de^ibv av dis- 
andqt] ' am&avov 5' bXtyoi ' rb ydq Inmv.bv qofiov naqslye rb rcov 
rzoXsfitcov noXv ov. 30. 'Enel ds sldov ol r/ EXX?]VEg ro re &aqva- 
fid^ov Inmxbv sri avvE6rriy.bg y.al rovg Bi&vvovg Innsag nqbg rov- 
ro cjvva&qoi^o^svovg y.al drib Xocpov nvbg y.ara&ecopivovg rd yiyvo- 
[j,sva, d7TS(Qt]y.EGav psv, Oficog c¥ idoxsi y.al inl rovrovg Iriov elvai 
ovzcog oncog dvvaivzo, cog fir] re-&aoor]y.6reg avanavaaivzo. 
^vvza^dfuevoi dr) noqevovrai. 31. 'Evrsv&sv ol noXifiioi inneig 
cpevyovai y.azd rov nqavovg biioicog cogneq vnb Innicov dicoxofievoi ' 
vdnog ydq avrovg vnediyezo, b ovx. ^dsaav ol "EXX^veg, dXXd nqoa- 
nszqdnovzo dicoy.ovreg ' dips ydq r t v. 32. 'EnaveX&ovrsg ds tv&a 
r\ nqcort] cvfifioXr] iytvsro crrfidfievoi rqonaiov anrjeaav im fid- 
Xarrav rteql r t Xiov dvafidg' arddioi 5' rjaav cog e\r\xovra im to 
azqaronedov. 

CAP. VI. 

1. 'Evrsv&ev ol fisv noXifiioi ei'/ov dfxcfi rd savrcov v.ai anrflov- 
ro y.al rovg oixirag xai rd yqr^aara onoi idvvavro nqoacordrco ' 
ol ds"EXXr]v£g nqogiftevov fisv Klsavdqov y.al rag rqirjqsig xal rd 
nXola cog rfeovza ' EZwvzsg ds iy.dcrz7jg rjps'qag avv rotg vno'Qvyioig 
y.al roig dvdqanodoig icfsqovro ddscog nvqovg, y.qi&dg, ohov, 
oanqia, fisXivag, cvy.a ' dnavza ydq dya&d siysv rj ycoqa tiXijv sXaiov. 

2. Kal bnoze \isv y.ara\iEvoi rb <szqdz£v\ia avanavo^evov, ittjv it 
im Xsiav livai ' y.al iXdpfiavov ol ihovzeg ' bnoze 8 ih'ot ndv rb 
azqdzEvua, ei rig ycoqlg dnsX&cov Xdfioi rt, drrfioGiov sdo^ev elvai. 

3. "Hdri ds rfV noXXi] ndvzcov dcf&ovia • xal ydq dyoqal ndvzo&sv 
dcpiMOvvzo in rcov 'EXXyvidcov TzoXecov, y.al ol naqanXsovzeg 

13* 



150 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

aGfisvot xaTtjyov, dxovovTsg cog oIxi^oito Ttoltg, xai Ujuitjv 
eiq. 4. "Enepnov ds xai ol nolspiot rfiri ol 7ilj]Gtov c$xovv 
itQog Esvocpcovza, dxovovzsg oti ovzog tzoIi^si to ycoqiov, sqcoTcov- 
tsg o zt dsot noiovvzag cpllovg shai. * 5' snsdstxvvsv amovg 
Toig otQccTKOTaig. 5. Kai sv tovzco Klsavdqog dcpixvsiTat dvo 
Tqirjqsig sycov, nloiov tf ovdtv. 'Ervyyavs ds zb Gzqdzsvpa «£oo ov 
ots dcpixszo xat snt Isiav zivsg olyousvoi allot ally stg to bqog, 
xai silr/cpsGav nqofiaza nolld ' bxvovvzsg ds pt] dcpatqs&sisv tc$ 
As^innco IsyovGiv, bg dnsdqa ttjv 7T8vtt]x6vtoqov sycov ix Tqans- 
£ovvzog, xai xsIsvovgi dtaGcoGavza avzoig tcc nqo$aza to. [xsv av- 
tov lafisiv, tcc ds GcptGiv dnodovvat. 

6. Ev&vg d' sxsivog dnslavvsi Tovg nsqiSGzcozag tcov GTqaTico- 
tcov xai IsyovTag oti drjpoGia si'ij ' xai to} Klsdvdqco sl&cbv Isyu 
ozt dqnd^siv smysiqovGiv. f O ds xslsvsi tov aqnaQovTa dysiv nobg 
avzov. 7. Kai 6 fisv la^cov^ysTiva' nsqiTvycov cS'AyaGiag acpat- 
qsiTai ' xai ydq tjv avzcp 6 dyopsvog loytzrjg. 01 ds allot ol 
Tiaqovzsg tcov GzqaTtcozcov mtysiqovGi ftdllsiv tov As%innov, ava- 
xalovvTeg tov nqodozriv. 8. "Edsicav ds xai tcov tqu]Q(twv nollol 
xai scpsvyov sig t\v ftdlaTTav ' xai Klsavdqog d' scpsvys. Esvocpcov 
ds xai ol allot Gzqazr\yol xazsxcolvov ts xai tco Klsdvdqco slsyov 
OTt ovdsv s'u] nqayiia, alia to doypa aniov sirj to tov GTQaTSv- 
paTog TavTa ysvsG&at. 9. ' O ds Kls'avdoog vnb tov As^innov ts 
dvsqs&i^ofisvog xai ambg dy&EG&slg ozi sgpojSq&ty anoTilsvGslG&ai 
sept] xai xijqv^siv firidsfiiav nohv dsyzG&at avTovg, cog 7Tolsfitovg. 
Hq%ov ds tots navzcov twv 'Elhjvcov ol jtaxsdaifiovtoi' 

10. 'EvTav&a novriqov to nqdypa sdoxsi slvat ToXg EIItjgi, 
xai idsovTO pt] notsiv TavTa. '0 5' ovx dv dllcog scp?] ysvsG&ai, si 
\ir\ Tig sxdojGSi tov dqS,avTa fidllsiv xai zbv dcpslopsvov. 11. Hv 
ds bv s^yzst 'AyaGiag did Ttlovg epilog to) AsvocpwvTt ' «J ov xai 
disftalsv avTov 6 As%innog. Kai evtev&sv S7istdrj dnoqia ?jv, gvv- 
ijyayov to GToaTEvpa ol dqyovzsg ' xai sviot psv avzav naq ollyov 
snotovvTO tov Klsavdgov' zep ds EsvocpavTt ovx sdoxsi cpavlov 
sivai to TTQaypa, dlX dvaGTag sls^sv ' 

12. 7 52 dvdosg GzoaTiwTai, spol 5' ov cpavlov doxsT slvat to 
nodyiia, si rjfiiv ovTcog tjcov tijv yvco\ir\v Klsavdoog dnsiGiv oqgtzeq 
Xsysi. EigI [isv ydq syyvg al 'Ellijvidsg nolstg ' T?jg $ 'Ellddog 



LIB. VI. CAP. VI. 151 

Aaxsdaiiiovwi ngosaz^xaaiv * Ixitvol ds siai xal etg sxaazog Aaxe- 
daipovicov iv zaig noXetjiv o zi fiovXovzai diciTzgdzzsG&ai. 13. Et 
ovv ovzog ngcozov fisv ijiiag Bv^avziov anoxXsiaei, snsiza ds zoTg 
dXXotg ctguoazaig nagayysXsl slg tag noXsig pr) dsysa&ai cog 
amazovvzag Aaxsdui t uorioig xai dvopovg ovzag ' ezi ds ngbg 
Ava3~i$iov zbv vavagyov ovzog 6 Xoyog Tzsgl rj t ucov ij&i' yaXsnbv 
sazai y.ai fisvstp xal a.7t07tktiv ' xai ydg iv zrj yrj agyovai Aaxsdai- 
fiovioi xcti iv zy %aXdzzri zbv vvv ygovov. 14. Ovxovv dsT ovzs 
ivbg dvdgbg svsxa ovzs dvoTv r.pdg zovg dXXovg zqg'EXXddog dnz- 
ysa&at, dXXd nsiaziov o zi civ xsXsvcoai ' xal ydg at noXsig rjacov 
oOsv iapsv Ttsi&ovzai avzoig. 15. 'Eycb \i\v ow, xal ydg dxovco 
Jthrznov Xsysiv ngbg KXiavdgov cog ova dv ino'ir^asv Ayaaiag 
zavza, si ' pr) iycb avzbv iy.sXsvaa, iycb psv ovv anoXvco xal vpag zr^g 
alziag Xai 'Ayaaiav, dv avzbg 'Ayaaiag qirjarj ifis zi zovzcov aiziov 
eivai, xal xazadixdtco ipavzov, si iycb nszgo^oXiag rj d)Xov zivbg 
fitaiov izdgyco, zrjg iaydzr t g dixrjg d^iog sivai, xal vcfstco zrjv dix^v. 
16. (fry pi ds xal st ziva dXXov aizidzai, ygr^vai savzbv nagaaxsw 
KXsdvdgcp xgTvai' ovzco ydg dv vpsig dnoXsXvpsvoi ztjg alziag 
e'ujzs. e Qg ds vvv sysi, yaXsnbv si olofisvoi iv zy 'EXXddi xal mat- 
rov xal ziptjg zsv^sa&ai dvzl ds zovzcov ovtf opoioi zoig dXXoig 
iaofit&a, dXX' eiQ%6fts&a ix zcov 'EXXrividcov noXscov. 

17. Mszd zavza dvaazdg slnsv 'Ayaaiag ' 'Eyco, co dvdgeg, 
SfiVVfxi xtsovg xal -dedg t\ yu\v yiiyzs fxs tzsvocpcovza xsXsvaai acpsXs- 
c&ai zbv dvdga \ir\zs aXXov vpcov prfis'va ' Idovzi ds \ioi dvdga ay a- 
■&bv dyopsvov zcov iucov Xoyizcov vnb AsVinnov, bv vpsXg STiiGZa- 
<jfts vtxdg ngodovza, dsivbv sdotsv sivai ' xal dqsiXofxijv, bpoXoyco. 
18. Kal vptig psv pr) ixdcbzs t us ' iycb 5' ipavzbv, coansg Zsvocp.cov 
Xsysi, nagaoy/jGco yglvavzi KXsdvdgco o zi dv ^ovXr t zai noir^ai ' 
zovzov svexa (irjzs noXsusizs Aaxsdaipovioig gco^eg&s zs dacpaXcog 
OTioi d-sXsisxaazog. 2vn7zs}i\pazs pivzoi poi vpcov avzcbv sXofisvoi 
nobg KXiavdgov olzivsg^ dv zi iycb nagaXsinco, xal Xs^ovaiv vtzsq 
iuov xal ngd^ovaiv. 19. 'Ex zovzov sdcoxsv rj azgazia ovgzivag 
fiovXoizo TzgosXousvov Uvea. '0 ds ngoslXszo zovg azgazrjyovg. 
Mszd zavza inogsvovzo ngbg KXiavdgov Ayaaiag xai ol Gzgaztj- 
yol xal 6 dcpaigsdslg dv/)g vnb AyaGiov ' xai sXsyov oi Gzgazt]yoi' 

20. "E7TE}i\pzv rjcidg ?j Gzgazid ngbg ah co KXtavdge, xal ixeXsv- 



152 * EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

6i 6£, sizs ndvzag alzia, xqivavza 6savzbv yoijG&ai o ii av fiovXrj, 
8i7£ sva Tiva t) dvo t] xal nlsiovg alzia, zovzovg u^wvai naqa- 
6ysiv 60i savzovg elg xoiatv. E'izs ovv r)fi&v ziva aiziu, ndqs6{isv 
60i tjpsTg ' 8ix8 Y.ai allov ziva, q)Q(/,6ov ' ovds}g ydq ans6zai 06zig av 
i)pTv i&sXri nsi&s6&ai. 21. Mszd zavza naqsldwv 6 'yiya6iag 
81718V ' 3 Eyco 8ifJi(, oo Klsavdqs, 6 dqjslofxsvog AsVinnov dyovzog 
zovzov zov avdqa xal naisiv xslsvGag As^innov. 22. Tovzov \isv 
ydq oida avdoa aya&bv ovza ' Ast,innov ds olda aiqsdsvza imo 
ztjg 6zqazidg dq%stv zi\g ttsvztjxovzoqov t]g forfidixs&a Tiaqd Tqa- 
tts^ovvziojv icp cp zb nloia 6vllsysiv cog 6co£oips{ra ' xcu dnodqdv- 
ra As%innov %a\ nqohovza zovg 6zoazicQzag psd- gov ww^f 
23. Kai zovg zs Toam^ovvzlovg a7T86T8q?]xaiJ.svzr]v Tzsvzqxovzoqov 
y.ai Y.ay.01 doxovpsv slvai did zovzov ' avzoi zb zb ml zovzoj dno- 
Icolapsv. "Hkovs ydq, ojg7zsq r^isTg, cog dnoqov strj nstfl aniovzag 
zovg noza\iovg zs diafitjvai xal 6(0&rjvat sig zr)v 'Elldda. Tovzov 
ovv zoiovzov ovza dcpsiloftrjV. 24. El ds 6v r t ysg ?/ dllog zig zcov 
naqd 60v, xal fit] zwv naq r^iihv dnodqdmoov, sv ig&i ozi ovdsv 
dv tovzcov £7Z0ii]6a. Nopi^s d*, sav sps vvv anovasiv\\g, dl avdqa 
dsilov 78 nal novriqbv avdqa aya&bv anoxzslvoyv. 

25. ^xov6ag zavza 6 Klsavdqog slnsv 071 As^mnov \isv ova 
snaivoiij, si 7av7a nsnoitixoog sir] • ov \isv70i sq>7j vopiZsiv ovd' si 
Tiafinovrjqog ijv A&hnnog $iav %qrjvai Ttmjsiv avzbv, alia nqi-&sv- 
7a, cognsq x.a), vfisig vvv d^iovzs, itjg dixrjg zv%siv. 26. Nvv [lev 
ovv ani78 xa7alt7z6v78g 70vds 7ov avdqa * 07av d' iyw xilewot, 
ndq8678 nqbg 7t)v xqiGiv. Ai7ixa\iai ds ov7£ 7ijv 67qa7iav ov7S 
allov ovdiva szi ' snsi ovzog avzbg bpoloyst aqisls'6&ai zbv avdqa. 
27/0 (f dyatqsdsjg slnsv ' 'Eya, co Klsavdqs, tl xa) oist \is ddixovv- 
zd 7i dys6dai, ovt snaiov ovdsva otV sfiallov dlX sIttov ozi di]fi06ia 
Ei7] zd 7iqo$a7a ' t)v ydq zmV 6zqazioozmv doy/ua, si zig bnozs t] 6zqa~ 
7ia s^ioi Idia Itji^oijo, d7jfio6ia slvai za hjq)&sv7a. 28. Tarn slnov ' 
§yt 70V70V fxs lafiojv ovzog r^ysv, Iva \ir\ (p&s'yyotzo pridslg, all' 
avzbg laftwv zb fis'qog dia60)6sis zoig lr}6zaTg naqa 7t)v qiqzqav zct 
iqrtfAaza. Tlqbg zavza b Klsavdqog slnsv ' 'Etzei zoivvv 70iov7og 
£i, Y.a7aiisvs, ha ua\ nsq), 6ov ^ovlsv6(6fis&a. 

29. 'En 70V70V ol fj,sv a(icpi Klsavdqov 7jqi67oov ' r-qv ds 67qa*^ 
7idv 6W7Jyays Asvoyoov xal 6vvs^ovlsvs, nsfityai avdqag nqog Klsai- 



LIB. VI. CAP. VI. 153 

8gov TtaQCUTtjGopsvovg TTBQi zcov dvSgcov. 30. ' Ex zovzov edo^ev 
avzoig Tzspxpavzag Gzgazijyovg xa\ Xo%ayovg xai Agaxovziov zbv 
£7TUQTidz?]v, xai zcov dXXcov ol e86xovv imrrjdeioi elvat, dela&ai 
KXsdvSgov xazd ndvra zqonov dcpaivai zco dv8gs. 31. ]EX&cov 
ovv 6 Zsvocpcov Xsysi ' "Eysig fisv, co KXiav8gs, zovg dv8gag ' xai 
?] Gzgarid goi iysizo 6 zi ifiovXov TtoirJGai xai nsgl zovzcov 
xai nsgl savzcov dndvzcov. Nvv 8s as aizovvzai xai 8sov- 
zai dovvai GqjiGi zco dv8gs xai fit) xazaxalvsiv ' TtoXXd ydg iv zcp 
tfXTTQoadsv XQOvcp nsgl zr)v Gzgazidv Efio^&t]Gaz7jv. 32. Tavza 
8s gov zv%6vzsg vniGyyovvzai goi dvzl zovzcov, rjv ftovXr} rjyEiG&ai 
avzcov xai i)v ol &£ol iXeco cogiv, imdsi^Eiv coi xai cog xog\iioi exgi 
xai cog Ixavol zq> dgyovzi TiEi&Ofisvoi zovg 7ZoX£{ii'ovg gvv zoig tfeolg 
\xr\ cfoftsiG&ai. 33. Asovtai 8s gov xai zovzo, nagayEvofiEvov y,a\ 
dg%avza savzcov TTsTgav XafisTv xai As'S.innov y,a\ Gcpcov zcov dXXcov 
oiog txaGzog egzi, xai zr> t v d%iav sxaGzoig vsifiai. 34. 'AxovGag 
zavza 6 KXsav8gog 'AXXd vai zco 2<ico, scprj, zayy zoi v\ilv ano~ 
xgtvovfiai. Kal zco ze dv8gs vf/Tv 8i8cofii xai avzbg nagsGOfiai ' 
y.al i]v ol dsol naga8i8co6i, s^rjy/jGOfiai elg zijv 'EXXdda. Kac 
noXv ol Xoyoi ovzoi dvzioi eigiv tj ovg iyco rtEgl i'ficov ivicov ijxovov 
cog zb Gzgdzsvfia dcpiGzazE drib Aax£8ai\iovicov. 

35. 'Ex zovzov ol {isv inaivovvzzg dnriX&ov, 'iyovzsg zco dv8gs ' 
KXsavSgog 8s e&vezo im zfi noosi'v xai Gvv?jv £evocpcovzi qjtXixcog 
xa\ %sviav lEvvefidXovzo. ' ' Ette\ ol xai icoga avzovg zb nagayyeX- 

X6(AEVOV EVZaXZCOg TZOlOVVZag, xai pdXXoV SZL E77£d-V/XEl TjyEflCOV yEVE- 

G&ai avzcov. 36. 'EkeI \iivroi ftvopevcp avzco im zgEig Tj^'gag 
ovx lylyvEzo zd Isgd, GvyxaXiGag zovg Gzgaztjyovg eItiev ' 'Eftol [a.ev 
ovx e&e'Xsi yEVEG&ai zd Isgd i^dysiv ' vfiEig \iivzoi \ju\ d&vftsTzs 
zovzov EVExa ' vfjuv ydg, cog soixs, dtdozai ixxofiiGai zovg avdgag ' 
dXXd TtogsvEG&E. 'HfiEig 8s vpag, ETiEiodv exeTge rjxrjZE, 8s^6iJ,E&a 
cog dv 5vvc6[A£&a xdXXiGza. 

37. 'Ex zovzov eoo^e zoTg Gzgazicotaig dovvai avzco zd brnioGia 
ng6$aza. f O 8s Ss^dfiEvog ndXiv avzoig a7zi8coxE ' xai ovzog fisv 
cluetiXei. Ol 8s Gzgazicozai 8ia&s'{isvoi zbv gizov bv tjGav cvyxE- 
xo\iig\ievoi xa\ zaXXa a EiXrjcpsGav E^snogsvovzo 8id zcov Bi&vvcov. 
38. 'Enii 8s ov8zv\ ivizvypv nogEvofisvoi zrjv OQ&qv 68bv, cogz 



154 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

e%ovzsg n Big r)\v yillav iX&eiv, edo^ev avroTg rovfinaXiv vnoGrgi- 
xpaviag il&etv fxiav rjfisQccv xal vvxtcc. Tovto ds 7ioir\6avxtg eXa~ 
ftov TtoXka xcu avdQ&noda y.ai nQoftaza ' xa) ayixovzo intaioi elg 
XqvoottoIiv ztjg Kalxqdoviag, xal ixel speivav r^iiQag ima 

lciCpVQ07ZCo).0VV78g. 



LIB. VII. CAP. I. 155 

ZEN0&S2NT02 
KTPOT AN AB AZE&2 Z. 



C A P. I. 
OZA fiev drj iv zy dvafiaGEi zy \iE7a Kvgov snqa\av ol e, EXXtj- 
vsg pdfot 7qg pdzqg, xal oca iael Kvgog ezeXevz^gev iv zy noQEia 
fi^XQi stg zov Uovzov dcpixov70, xal oca ix zov Ilovrov tze^tj 
igiovzEg xac nXiovzzg iiiol^Gav fJ-s'xQi shco zov azo^azog iyivov70 iv 
XovGonoXst xr\g Aci'ag, iv zcp tiqqg&ev Xoycp dsdrjXcozai. 2. 3 Ex 
rovzov ds ffraovdpa&g <po@ovpi£vog to Gzqdzsv\xa fxy iizl zyv 
avzov aoyjjv GzgazEV)]zat, nt'fixpug nqbg 'Ava^lfiiov zov vavao%ov, 6 
Ss szvysv iv Bv'Qavzicp cov, idsizo diaftiftaGai zb Gzqdzsvfia in zrjg 
Aalag, xcu vmayvuTo ndvi^ tzoitjgeiv avzcp ogci dsoi. 3. Kal 
Avah'fiiog fXEZsmtpxpazo zovg Gzgazyyovg xal Xoyayovg zmv Gzqa- 
ti r 07cov £ig Bv^dvziov, xal vniGyysizo, u diafiaiEv, fiiG&oqjOodv 
£G£G\}ai zoig Gzqazicozaig. 4. 01 fxsv drj dXXoi k'qiaGav ftovXsvGa- 
fXEVoi wnayyEXslv ' Esvocpcov ds eitiev avzcp ozi anaXXd^oizo ydrj 
dnb zyg Giqaziag xal fiovXoizo dnoizXELV. e ds 'Aval*i@iog ixs- 
Xevgev avzbv Gvrdiafidvza msita ovzcog anaXXdzzsG^ai. "Ecpij 

T r 

evv zavza TtoirjGEiv. 

5. ^sv&rjg ds 6 Qqa'S, tzsi-Mei MydoGadqvxal xeXevei Asvocfcov- 
za GV[A7ZQ0&vfiEiG&ai o/tcog dta[j\i T0 Gzqdzsvfia, xal scp?] avzcp 

taVZa GV{4,7TQ0&V/U?l&£VZl OZI 0V flEZafASXyGElV. 6. ' 5' EL71EV, 

'AlXd 70 viEV Gz-Qd78v(xa. diafrrJGETai ' 70V70V evsxa fiydsv zsXeizco 
lit'jzs ifxol {M]T£ dXXcp fir t QEvl' insidav ds dia@f[, iyco fxsv dnaXXd^o- 
ficu ' nqog ds zovg diafxtvovzag xal imxaiqlovg bvzag nqogtysqsG&CQ 
cog av avzcp doxy aGcpaXs'g. 

7. 'Ex zovzov diafialvovGi ndvzsg sig Bv'Qdvziov ol Gzoazitozai. 
Kal (mg&ov (aev ovx idldov 6 'Ava^lfiiog ' ixtjov^s ds Xa$6vzag za 
onXa xal za gxevtj zovg Gzqazicozag i^iivaii cog daoriEfixpcov ts a\ia. 
xal dqid'fibv TioiyGcor. 'Evzav&a ol czqazicozai fy&ovzo, bzi ovx. 



156 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

slyjov dqyvqtov sniGiziQsG&at slg z)\v noqstav, xat bxvrjQoZg avvi- 
Gxsvd^ovzo. 8. Kal 6 Asvoqxnv Klsdvdqcp zqi dqpoGziQ %ivog 
ysysvt]pivog nqogsX&wv r>Gndt,szo avzov ag dnonXsvGovfisvog rjdi]. 
'O $ avzqj Xsyst ' Mrj notrjGyg zavza ' si ds fxrj, squ], alziav 's%sig, 
insl xal vvv ztvsg ijdt] gs alztGJVzat on oh Tajy s\sqnst to Gzqdzsvpa. 
9. ' d' slnsv 'Alt alt tog psv syooys ovx sljil zovzov, oi ds Gzqa- 
TtoZzat avzol sniGiziGfxov dsopsvot did zovzo a&vfiovGi nqbg zr\v 
's%odov. 10. 'Alt opcog, sept], iyw goi gv^ovIsvco i^tl&ttv 
fisv obg noqsvGopsvov ' insidav d' s%co ysvijzat to Gzqdzsvpa f 
tots dnalldzzsG&at. Tama zotvvv, eqtrj 6 Esvoqwv, sl&ovzsg 
nqbg 'Ava&fitov dianqa\6\is^a. Ovzcog sl&ovzsg slsycv Tama. 
11. 'O d' sxsIsvgsv ovzco notslv xal i^isvat ttjv zayiGz^v avre- 
GxsvaGptvovg, xal nqogavsinsiv, og av prj naqy slg zijv s^szaciv xat 
slg zbv aqiftpov, ozi avzbg avzov alziaGSzat. 12. 'Evzsv&sv «£#£- 
Gav oi zs GzoazTjyol nqcozot xal oi allot. Kal dqdr t v ndvzsg n\rp 
oliyoov s%(Q rJGav, xal 'Ezsovtxog stGzijxst naqd zag nvlag d>g 
bnozs s%cq ysvoivzo ndvzsg GvyxlsiGcov zag nvlag xal zbv potior 
ipfialcov. 13. ' ds'Avah'fiiog GvyxaltGag zovg Gzqazr t yovg xal 
Tovg lo%ayovg slews' Ta psv intz/jdsia, scpy, la\x$dvszs ix zojv Qqa* 
xtcov xoopcov ' sIgI ds avzo&t nollat xqitfal xal nvgol xal zdlla zd 
iniz?]dsia ' Xafiovzeg ds noqsveads tig Xsqqovijgov, sxsi ds KvvtGxog 
vpTv [MG&odozrjGti. 14. ' EnaxovaavTsg ds ztvsg tcov Gzqaztoozojv 
zavza, 7] xal zcav Xo%aywv zig dtayyt'XXsi slg zb Gzqdzsvpa. Kal 
ol (xlv Gzqazrjyol snvvddvovzo nsql zov J£sv&ov nozsqa noltfxiog 
sit] rj (pilog, xal nozsqa did zov Isqov oqovg dtoi noosvsG&ai § 
xvxlq) did psGt]g zr t g 0Qanr t g. 

15. 'Ev cp ds zama dislsyovTO oi Gzqaziwzat* avaqnaGavzsg 
Ta onla &sovgi dq6pq> nobg zag nvlag mg ndhv slg to TsT%og 
slgiovzsg. • ds 'Ezsovwog xal oi gvv avzw cog sldov noog&sov- 
rag zovg bnlizag y GvyxlslovGi zag nvlag xal zbv pofobv sp- 
fidllovGiv. 16. Oi ds GTQazicozai sxonzov zs Tag nvlag xal 
slsyov ozi ddixcozaza naGyoisv ixfiallofisvoi slg zovg nolsplovg ' 
v.al xazaG%iGsiv zag nvlag scpaGav, si \i\ sxovzsg dvoi<~ovGiv. 
17. Allot tf s&sov snl -frdlazzav xal naod t\v y$Jrp tov 
Tstfovg vnsofiatvovGtv slg t\v noltv • allot d' oi STvy%avov svdolT 
qvtss tcqv Gzqazicozm cog bqaGi zc\ snl raTg nvlatg nqdypaza, 



LIB. VII. CAP, I. 157 

diaxonzovzEg zaig a^ivaig zd xXsi&oa dva7iEzavvvov6i rag nvXag • 

01 d' £16711717 OVO IV. 

18. ' 8s Esvoqtcov cog elds zd yiyvopsva, bsiaag fxrj icp dona- 
yqv rqdnoizo zo 6zqdzsv[ia xai dvr]XE6za xaxd yivoizo tyi tioXei 
xal iavzcp xal roTg 6zqazic6zaig, s&si xal avvsigninzsi si6co rcov 
nvXcov 6vv rep b/Xco. 19. 01 ds Bv'Qdvzioi cbg sldov xo crQuzevfta 
§ia slgninzov, cpsvyovaiv sa zlijg dyoqag, ol psv tig zd TzXoia, ol ds 
oi'xads" 060i ds svdov izvy%avov bvzsg s%co s&eov ol ds xaftsTXxov 
Tag rqirjqsig, cog iv zaig zqu']qe6i 6c6£oivzo ' ndvzsg ds cjjovzo 
anoXcoXivai cog saXcoxviag zrjg noXscog. 20. '0 ds 'Ezsovixog 
sis iip dxqav dnocpsvysi. '0 ds 'AvaS,l$iog xazadqa\icov inl 
ftd.Xazzav iv dXisvzixco nlolxo ttsqisttIsi tig zrjv dxqonoXiv, xal 
sv&vg fxsTa7Ttfj.7T£zai ix KaXxqdovog q,qovqohg • ov yaq Ixavol 
idoxovv slvai ol iv zy dxqonoXsi 6%siv zovg dvdqag. 

21. 01 ds 6zqaxicozai cog sidov zbv Eevoycovza, nqogni7izov6iv 
avzaj noXXol xal Xiyov6i ' Nvv 6oi s%£67iv, co Esvoqicov, dvdql 
ysvs6&ai. "Eizig noXtv, s%£ig zqir t qsig, s%sig ^qr^iaza, sysig avdoag 
706ovzovg. Nvv dv, si (lovXoio, 6v te itfidg ovfoaig, xal rjfistg 68 
iiiyav 7Ton']6aifJEv. 22. ds dnsxolvazo ' 'AXX ev re Xs'ysrs xal 
7ioir\6co zavza ' si ds zoizcov ini&viJisTzs, &F6&E zd onXa iv zd'Zsi 
cog %dyi6za. Bovlofisvog avzovg xazqospfoat, xai avzog te na- 
qy\yyva zavza xal zovg dXXovg ixs'Xsvs naqsyyvav xal zi&E6&ai zd 
onXa. 23. 01 ds avzol vcp savzeov zazzo\isvoi ol rs bnXTtai iv 
oXiyco xqovo) sig bxzco iyivovzo xai ol nsXza6zal im to xsqag 
sxdzsqov 7iaqadsdqa[ifixE6a.v. 24. To ds %coqiov o'iov xdXXi6zov 
ixrd%a6{tai i67i to Ooaxiov xaXovjJSvov, sqrjfiov oixicov xal nsdivov. 
'EtzeI ds sxsizo zd onXa xal xaz?]QE[.u6&r]6av, 6vyxaXsi Asvoycov z\v 
6ZQaxidv xal Xsysi zdds ' 

25. Ozi iih 0Qyi^s6d-s, co dvdoEg 6zqancozai 1 xal vo[ai£ets 
dsivd 7ia6isiv i^anazcoyiEvoi ov davpd^co. \v ds rep -frvjiicp %aoi- 
^copstJa xal Aaxsdai^ioviovg zs rovg naqovzag rrjg i^aTzdzfjg ripco- 
grficofisd-a xal zrjv noXiv zijv ovdsv alziav dtaQ7id6co i usv, iv&vfisfcds 
a s6zai ivzsv&sv. 26. IIoXi(xioi fisv i60{ic&a a7iodsdeiyfAsvoi 
Aaxsdcxijiovioig xai roTg 6vp[xd%oig ' oiog 8 6 noXsfiog dv yivoizo 
slxd'Qsiv dr[ 7iaQ£6ziv, scooaxozag xal dvayivrfi&svzag zd vvv dr\ 
ysysvrniiva. 27. l HfisTg ydq ol A-d-qvaToi ?jX&o[a.ev sig zbv tzoXs- 

14 



158 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

[j,ov zov nobg Aaxsdai\ioviovg xal zovg avfifidyovg syovzeg TQirJQZig 
z kg [i\v iv &aXdzzr] Tag d' ev zoig VEcooioig ovx iXdzzovg zqiaxo- 
6io3v, vnagyovzcov ds noXXcov yQrjfidicov iv zrj noXsi, xal nqogodov 
ovoqg xaz iviavzbv ano ze zcov ivdijficov xal ix ztjg vnEQOQiag ov 
[aeiov yiXicov zaXdvzcov ' doyovzsg ds zcov vrjaoiv dnaacov xal ev ze 
zrj 'Acn'a TioXldg eyovzsg noXsig xal iv zy EvQconri dXXag re noXXag, 
xal avzb zovzo to BvQdvziov bnov vvv iajisv syovzsg, xaz£7ioX£urj\)"ri- 
[uv ovzcog cog ndvzsg vfieig iniazaa&e. 28. Nvv ds dr) zi dv oiops&a 
na&Eiv Aaxsdai\iovicov p&p xal zcov Ayaicov Gvn\idycov vnaqyovzcov, 
3 A&tjvaicov ds xal baoi ixsivoig zozs r]aav Gvpfiayoi ndvzcov nqog- 
ysyEvrjfJiivwv, TiaaatyEQVovg §e xal zcov inl &aXdzzr[ dXXcov fiaQ@d~ 
qcov ndvzcov noXsiiicov fjftiv ovzcov, TZoXefMcozdzov cf avzou zov dvco 
fiaotXtwg, ov r)X&ofiEv aqjaigrjaofXEVoi ze zr)v aqy)\v xal dnoxze- 
vovvzsg si dwaifAsd-a. Tovzcov drj ndvzcov b{iov ovzcov 'iazi zig 
ovzcog dcpQcov ogzig oiszai dv ijfxdg nEQiysvead'ai ; 29. Mi] nqbg 
decor fiaivc6[ie/&a jirfie aicyocog a7zoXc6[AE&a noXipioi ovzeg xal zalg 
fzazoiai xal zoig rutszEooig avzcov cpiXoig ze xal oixsioig. 'Ev ydo 
zalg noXsaiv elm ndvzsg zaTg icp ?]fidg czqazEVGOfiEvaig xai 
dixaicog, el ftdofiaQOv [iev noXiv ovde\iiav rj&eXrjcrauev xazacryeiv, 
xal zavza xqazovvzeg, 'EXXijrida ds eig r\v nQcozijv noXiv yX&ofisv, 
zavzrjv i^aXand^Ofxsv. 30. 'Eycb fxsv zolvvv svyopai nolv zavza 
inideiv vcp vficov yevo\ieva \ivqiag ifieye xazd. yr\g oqyviag yEvt'o&ai. 
Kal vfiiv &s cv^ovXevco "EXXrjvag ovzag zoig zcov * EXXqvcov ttqoe- 
azrjxoai nsidofxevovg neiQacftai zcov dixaicov zvyydvsiv. 3 Edv ds f^rj 
dvvt]6&8 zavza, rjfidg dec adixov(iEvovg zr\g yovv 'EXXddog fir] azi- 
QEG&ai. 31. Kal vvv \ioi doxsi 7iE{i\pavzag 'Avahfila) eltzeTv ozi 
rjliETg ovdsv fiiaiov nonjaovzEg 7raQEX?]Xv&a^£v Eig zr.v noXiv, dXX' 
r)v fisv dvvcofiEda Tiaq vficov dya&ov zi EvoicsxEC&ai ' el ds fir), 
dXXa drjXcoaovzEg ozi ovx i<;a7iazoi{i£voi dXXd tzei&6(xevoi il~£Qy6fi£&a. 

32. Tavza sdo^s ' xal 7z£[i7zovaiv ( Ieqc6vv[a.6v ze 'HXeTov igovv- 
ta zavza xai EvgvXoyov 'Aoxdda xai <I)iXr]aiov *Ayaiov. 01 fisv 
zavza cpyovzo iqovvzeg. 

33. 'Ezi ds xa&y/As'vcov zcov azgazicozcov nqogigyEzai Koigazd- 
drjg OrjfiaTog, og ov cpevycov zr)v 'EXXdda nsQirjEi dXXd GZQazrjyicov 
xal inayysXXoyLEvog slzig rj noXig rj s&vog GZQazrjyov dsoizo. Kat, 
zoze nqogsX&cov 'iXeysv ozi szoifxog sit] riystad-ai avzoig Eig zb Je'Xzct 



LIB. VII. CAP. I. 159 

xalovfisvov z7jg OQaxrjg, av&a nolld xal dya&d Irppoivzo ' sgzs 8* 
av polcnGiv, sig dcpdoviav naos'ZEiv sept] xal Gtza xal nozd. 

34. 'Axovovgi zavza ol Gzqazicozai xal zd naqd 'Avahfiiov 
afia a7zayy£ll6[x£va ' ansxQivazo ydg ozi nEi&ofit'voig avzoig ov 
psrafiel.qati, alia zotg ze oixoi zeIegi zavza anayyslsi xal avzbg 
fiovleuooizo tteqi avzoov o zi, Svvaizo dyadov. 35. 'Ex zovzov ol 
Gzqazicozai zov zs KotqazdSijv dtjovzai Gzqazrjybv xal stco zov 
zsr/ovg anr{kQov. '0 8s Koiqazd8qg Gvvzi&szai avzoig sig zijv 
vGzsqaiav TraqEGEGftai lm zb Gzodzevfia s/cov xal Isqsia xal [xdvziv 
xal Giza xal noxd ztj Gzqazia. 36. 'EtieI d' i$2&ov, b 'Ava^iftiog 
exIeigs zdg nvlag xai ex/jqv^ev og av dim ev8ov cov zcov Gzqazico- 
zcov nETTnd.GEzat. 37. 77/ d' vGzsqaia b Koioazddrjg [tsv sycov zd 
lEQEia xal zov {idvziv tjxe, xal dlyiza cpsqovzsg slnovzo avzco e'Ixo- 
6 iv avdoEg xal olvov allot eixogi xal ilaicov zqsig xal gxoq68cov 
^sig] dvrjq ogov idvvazo \isyiGzov cpoqziov xal dllog xQopfxvcov. 
Tavza 8s xazad^i^Evog cog hrii daGpsvGtv e&vezo. 

38. Esvocpcov ds (xszaTTEfiipafiEvog KlsavSqov exeIeve 8ia7iqd- 
%ai OTzcog sig zb zsiyog ze sigsldoi xal anonlsvGai ex Bvt,avzlov, 
39. 'Eld cov 8' b KlsavSqog, Mala poltg, Ecptj, 8ianqa^d^iEvog qxco' 
Is'ysiv ydq 'Avah'fiiov ozi ovx etziztJSeiov Eir\ zovg psv Gzqazicozag 
nlrfiiov sivai zov zsiyovg, Esvocpcovza 8s ev8ov ' zovg Bv'Qavziovg 
8s GzaGia"C.Eiv xal TTOvtjoovg sivai nqbg dlh]lovg ' ofxcog 8s Eigiivai y 
Ecpi], exeIevev, ei [aeIIoi gvv avzco sxnlsiv. 40. ' [Jilv 8\ Eevo- 
qcov d.G7iaGa\iEvog zovg Gzqazicozag eigco zov tsfypvg dnijEi gvv 
Klsdv8qco. ' 8s Koiqazd8?]g zrj jaev tzqcozt} rj^sqec ovx ixalliEQEi 
ov8s 8iE[tEZQt]G£v ov8sv zoTg Gzoazicozaig' zy 8' vGzsoaia zd \isv 
LEQEia EiGTr/xEi naod zov @co[aov xal KoiQazd8rjg EGZEcpavcQfis'vog cog 
xIvgcqv ' TToogsld-cov 8s TifxaGicov 6 Jaq8av£vg xal A t ecov b 'AGivaT- 
og xal KlsdvcoQ b ' OoyofJiEviog slsyov Koiqazd8^ {ir] -&v£iv, cog ov% 
TjyqGoiisvov ztq Gzoazia, ei fir] 8cogei zd imzrjdEta. 41. O 8s xs- 
Ievei biafi&ZQEiG&ai. ' Ensl 8s nollcov eve8ei avzco cogzs Tjfizoag 
gizov sxaGzcp ysvsG&ai zcov GzoazicQzcov 3 dvalaficov zd hosTa dnvfii 
xal ZTjv Gzqazriyiav dnzincov. 



160 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 



CAP. II. 



1. Nscov ds 6 3 AGivaiog xal &qvviGxog 6 3 A%aibg xal <J>iXrjGiog 6 
3 A%aiog xal Aav&ixXtjg 6 'Ayaibg xal Tipaaioop 6 Aaqdavsvg inifisvov 
ini 7% aTQazia, xai Eig xoopag zcov Qqaxwv nqos!&6v7Eg tag xaza 
Bvt,dv7iov iGzqazonsdsvovzo. 2. Kal ol G7qa7r\yol iaraaia^ov 
KXsdvooq fxsv xal tyqvviGxog nqog ^av&tjv fiovXoftsvoi dysiv ensi&s 
ydq avzovg, xai sdcoxs zaj (jlsv Innov, zqj ds yvvaixa ' Nscov ds eig 
XsqqovrjGov oiofievog ei vnb Aaxsdaifiovioig yivoivto, navzbg av 
nqosGzdvai toy G7Qa7EV{ia7og' TifiaGicov ds nqov&v[*Ei70 ntqav Eig 
7?]v AGiav ndXiv diafiijvaij oiopsvog av o'lxads xa7sX^Eiv. 3. Kal 

01 GZqaZlOJZai Zavzd S^OvXoVZO. AlO.7Ql$0\l{v0V ds 70V %QOVOV 

noXXol 7cov o~7oa7M07CQv i ol fisv 7a onXa dnodidopevoi xa7a zovg 
ycoqovg dnsnXsov cog idvvavzo ' ol ds xai \didov7s g 7a onla xa7a 
7ovg %coqovg\ slg 7ag noXsig xazsynyvvovzo. 4. 3 Ava£,i$iog ft s^aiqa 
ravza dxovcov oiaydsioofjisvov zb Gzqdzsv\ia ' zovrcov ydq yiyvo- 
fisvcov cpszo \idXiGza %aqit,£G$ai (fraqvafid^qi. 

5. 3 AnonXiovzi ds Aval-ifiiw ix Bv^avziov Gvvavza 3 AqiGzaq- 
%og iv Kvtyxco diddoyog KXsdvdqco BvQavziov dqyioGz^g ' iXsyszo 
ds on xal vavaqyog diddoyog TlcoXog oaov ov naqsiri qdrj eig 'EX- 
Xrjgnoviov. 6. Kal Ava^iftiog zcp \isv AqiGzdq^co imGzsXXsi 
onoGovg av evqol iv Bv^avzicp zwv Kvqov Gzqa7ico7av vnoXsXEifi- 
uivovg dnodoG&ai' 6 ds KXsavdqog ovdsva insnqdxsi' dXXd xai 
zovg xa\ivovzag i&sqdnsvEv olxzsiqcav xal dvayxd^cov olxia dtys- 
G&ai ' 3 AqiGTaq%og 6' insl %X&s zdyiGza> ovx iXdzzovg 7EtqaxoGicov 
dnsdozo. 7. Ava%i$iog ds naqanXsvGag sig Ildqiov ns^insi naqd 
&agvd(la£ov xazd zd GvyxEifisva. ' O d' insl %g&ezo 'AqiGzaq^ov 
zs rjxovza Eig Bv^dvziov dqfxoGzijv xal 'Avafy'fiiov ovxszi v-avaq- 
1ovv7a, 'Ava%i@iov fisv t]fisX7]GS, nqog 3 AqiG7aqxov dE disnqa77E70 
zd amd nsql 7ov Kvqsiov Gzqa7EVfia7og ansq xal nqog Ava^iftiov. 

8. 'Ex 70V70V 6 'Ava%t@iog xaXsGag &svoq)CQV7a xeXevei naGy 
7syvri xal fflxavri nXsvcai inl to G7qa7sv\ia cog 7ayiG7a, xav" 
GvvifEiv zs amb xal Gvva&qoi&iv zmv diEGnaqiiivcov cog a 
ftXeiGtovg dvvrjzai, xal naqayayovza eig zr^v Iliqiv&ov diafiifid&iv 



LIB. VII. CAP. II. 161 

eig z\v ^AaUv ozt TayiGTa ' yal didmaw ai>Ttp TQiayovTOQOV v.ai 
iniGzoX^v y.al didqa avpniiiTtu ysXsvGovza zohg IlEptv&iovg ag 
TayjGza ZsrocfcopTa nqons^xpai Toig innoig inl to GTQaTEvpa. 
9. Kal 6 ph gevjCKpwv dianXevaag dcfiy.veTiai em to GzoaTevfta ' 
ol 8s Gzpazicozai iSs'iavzo ffit'cog y.al svdvg unovzo aG\isvoi cog 
8ia^r t o6[iBvoi in ryg Ooay^g eig tijv 'Aoiav. 

10. c de 2ev&r ( g axovaug "y/.ovra ndXiv mp\pug nobg avzbv 
\y.azd &dXazzav~\ Mr l 8oGa8r l v i8tizo ztfP Gzpazidv dysiv ngbg sav- 
zbv, vTTiG/vovusvog avzcp o zi Sszo Xr/cov ueigeiv. '0 8 ansxpi- 
vazo avzqj ozi ovolv -olov ze shj zovzcov ysvso&ai. 11. Kai o fxsv 
ravza d'AOvaug dryszo. 01 8' "EXXijvsg ins] \ ayixovto Eig IHqiv&qv, 
Necov fur dnoGTzdaag eGToaroneSevGazo ycoplg syojv cog oyaayoGi- 
ovg (kv&gcoTZOvg ' to 8* alio GrpdzEvpa ndv Iv tco avzcp napd to 
TsT/og to TIeqiv&icov qv. 

12. Mszd Tavza ^Evoqcop \isv snoaTTE nspl nXoicov, oncog oti 
TayiGza 8iafiaTsv. 'Ev 8s tovtco dqixojuevog 'ApiGTapyog 6 ex 
Bv^avTiov doftoGTyg, sycap 8vo Tpi^pstg, nEnEiG\ispog vnb (fraova- 
(ld£ov zoig ts vavAhjooig dnslne \i\ 8idyeiv, eX&cqv ze ini to GTpd- 
lEvyia Toig GTQazicozaig sins fxt] nspaiovG&ai Eig Ttjv "AGiav. 
13. ( 8s AEVoqav eXeyev oTi'Arah'fitog eaeXevge, y.al ffis nobg 
tovzo ETiEfiipsv sv&dSe. HdXiv 8' 'ApiGzapyog eXe^ev * 'Ava&fiioc, 
fiev TOivvv ovyJzi vavapyog, iycb 8s t7j8e dppoGTrjg ' ei 8e Tiva 
vpcov Xfyopai ev Ttj ftaXdzTT] y.ara8i>Gco. Tavza Eincbv coyszo Eig 
to TsTyog. 14. Trj 8' vGzspu.ia fiEzane/j.^ETai Tovg GzoaTijyovg 
y.al Xoyayovg tov Gzoazsvpazog. "H8ij 8s ovTiav nobg tco tev/ei 
EtayyiXXsi. Tig t<# ZsvocpcQiTi oti ei EigsiGi, GvXXricp&rjGETai y.al rj 
avzov ti neiGEzai r t y.al (paovafid^w naoaSo&ijGETai. ( 8s y 
d'AOVGag zavTa Tovg fuv nQonsunszai, avzbg 8' sinsv oti ■tJvGai ti 
ftovXoiTo. 15. Kal dnsX&cbv e&veto ei nposisv avTca ol &sol nsi- 
paG&ai nobg JZsvdrjv dysiv to Gzodzsvpa ' scooa ydo ovte 8ia@ai- 
veiv aGcpaXsg ov TQii^Qsig syovzog tov ycoXvGovTog ' ovi sni Xsooo- 
vrfiov eXQ-cbv xatayJ.EiG&ijvai ^ovXezo yal to GTodzEv^a ev noXXy 
cndvEi ndvTcov ysvsGdai ' sv&a nsi&EG&ai fuv dvdyy.rj Tcp ev.ei 
dpfiOGTrj, Tcav 8s Emzrfisicov ov8sv ejaeXXev stsiv to GTqaTEvyia. 

16. Kal 6 ftsv dpcfii Tama siysv ' ol 8s Gzqaziyyol y.al Xoyayol 
rjy.ovzsg naqa tov ApiGzdoyov dniqyyEXXov oti vvv [iev dniivai 

14* 



162 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

Gyag xeIevei, t7jg 8siXr]g 8s t]xeiv' sv%a xal 8f]Xt] \iaXXov i86xei r\ 
ini^ovh]. 17. ' O ovv Esvocpcov, ikel iSoxsi td Itqd xaXd thai 
avtco xal zcp Gzqatsh\iazi aGqjaXwg nqbg 2tvd-t]v itvai naqaXafioov 
IJoXvxqdzT]v tbv A&i]valov Xoyayov xal naqd twv Gtqattjyav 
sxaGtov dv8qa, nX\v naqd Nsojvog, oo sxaGzog iniGzsvsv op%sto 
tijg vvxrbg im to £ev&ov Gtqdtsvfia i^tjxorra Gtd8ia. 18. 'East 
ft eyyvg i]aav avzov, imtvy%dvEi nvqoig iqi^oig. Kal to [ilv 
nqcozov opEio fiEzaxsyooq^xevai not tov ^ev&tjv. 'Etze] 8s -&oqv@ov 
te ([gOezo xal Gqpaivovzcov dXXr/Xoig zcov tzeqI £sv&t]v, xatspa&sv 
ozi tovzov svsxa td nvqd xsxavfts'va tit] tcp ^ev&xi n Q T ® v wxzo- 
(pvXdxcov OTicog ot fAEv cpvXaxsg {jlij oqcovzo iv rep Gxotti ovtsg \irpt bno- 
GoifJitjzEonov eJev, ol ds TtQogiovztg (MjXav&dvoiEv dXXd dtdzb q>wg 
xatacpavsig thv ' 19. ins) 8s ijg&ezo, nqonsiinti zbv igptift^a or izvy- 
yavsv t%cav, xal eijzeiv xsXevei Jlev&h ozi Esvocpoov ndqsGti ftovXo- 
IxEvog GvyysvsG&ai avzeo. Ol 8' ijqovto ei 6 'A&qvalog 6 anb tov 
GZQaztvfiazog. 20. 3 E7Z£i8q 8' scptj ovtog tiiai,dva7T7]8i]GavzEg 
i8icoxov ' xal bXlyov vGtsqov naq~]Gav ntXtaGtal ogov 8iaxoGioi, 
xal naqaXafiovtsg Asroyavza xal tovg gvv avzqj rjov nqlg JZsv- 
■&r]v. 21. '0 d 3 yv iv tvqGti [idXa qvXazzoiAEvog, xal Innoi ntql 
avtr)v xvxXcp iyxEyaXivcofjJvoi ' did ydq tov cpo$ov tag psv r^iqag 
iytXov tovg L7Z7iovg, tag ds vvxtag iyxsyaXivonfASvoig iyvXazzsto. 
22. 'EXeyszo ydq xal nqoG&Ev Tijqqg 6 tovtov nqoyovog iv tavtr] 
ty ycoqa, tzoXv eycov GtqdzEVfxa vnb tovtov toov dvSqmv noXXovg 
dnoXsGai xai td Gxsvoqioqa u.yaiQE&rivai. 7 HGav 5' ovtoi Qvvo)> 
ndvzcov XsyopEvoi thai \idXiGtavvy.tbg 7ZoX8(UKc6tatoi. 

23. Etzei d' iyyvg tjGav, ixtXsvGEv tigsX&Eiv Esvoqicovta tyovza 
8vo ovg ftovXoizo. 'EnEid}} 8s sr8ov ijGav, riGnd'Qovzo \isv nqazov 
dXXrjXovg xal xatd tov Qqdxiov vo\iov xiqata oivov nqovmvov ' 
naqriv 8s xai M?]8oGtx8)]g zoo JEsvdr[ bgntq inqscftsvEv avzcp ndv- 
toGE. 24. 'Ensita 8s Esvocpcov i^fsto Xiytiv ' "Ens^^ag nqbg ifis y 
co ^tv&t], slg KaXxi]8ova nqatov Mr t 8oGa8riv tovzovi, Ssopsvog 
[tov Gviinqo&vurj&Hjvai diaffivai to Gzqdzsv[ia in ttjg 'AGiag, xai 
vntGyvov^iEvog [toi, ei tavta Tiqd^atjii, tv ttoi/jgeiv, cog sq)7] Mrj8oGa- 
8ijg ovtoGi. 25. Tavta eittojv inriqsto tbv Mrj8oGa8riv tl dX?f&?i 
tavt si?]. '0 8' sq)?]. Av&ig rjX&s Mr]8oGa8)]g ovzog insi iyoo 
8t8pr]v ndXiv im to Gtqdttv\ia ix Ilaqlov, vrnGftvovpEvog, ei dyoi\u 



LIB. VII. CAP. II. 163 

to czqarevfia nqbg os, rdXXarice yiXoj xqrJGeG&ai xal adelqxp xai 
tk naqd tfaXdrzi] fioi %03Qia wv gv xqarstg eGeG&ai naqa gov. 
26. 'Enl rovzoig ndXiv enqqezo rbv M)]8oGa8r]v el eXeye ravza. 
c 8e Gvvecpt] xai ravza. "I&i vvv, eyy, acprjyrjocu zovzcozlgoi dnexqi- 
vavkrjvev KaXxrfiovi 7iq(orov. 27 ' .'Anexqivw ozizb Grqdzev\ia 8ia$i]- 
goizo elg Bv^dvziov, xal older rovzov evexa deoi zeXeiv ovre goi ovzs 
aXXw ' avrbg 8e enel dia^aiTjg, dnievat e^a&a ' xal iyevezo ovzcog cog- 
neq gv eXeyeg. 28. Ti ydq eXeyov, eyi], ore xaza 2JijXv@qiav dcpixov ; 
Ovx eqijG&a olov r ehai, dXX elg Tleqiv&ov iX&ovzag diaftaiveiv elg 
rijv 'Agmv. 29. Nvv roivvv, eq)7] 6 Zevoqxxiv, ndqei\ii xal eym xat 
ovzog (JjQvviGxog elg rav Grqazrjymv xal TloXvxqdryg ovzog elg zcov 
lo%aycov ' y.al e^co elaiv anb zcov Grqarqywv 6 niGzozarog sxaGzcp 
nXijv Necovog rov Aaxoavixov. 30. El ovv fiovXei niGZoreqav 
elvai rrjv nqdhv, xal exelvovg xdXeGai. Td 8e onXa gv iX&dtv 
eItts go IloXvxqazeg, ozi iyd> xeXevco xaraXmelv * y.al avzbg ixsi 
xaraXinthv rrjv fidyaiqav eigi&i. 

31. 'AxovGag ravza 6 Zevdyg einev ozi ov8evl dv amGrr>Geiev 
'A&rjvaiwv ' xal ydq ozi GvyyeveTg elev el8ivai xal cpiXovg evvovg 
eq>t] vofil^eiv. Mezd ravza 8' enel elgtjX&ov ovg e8ei, ttqcqzov Eevo- 
cpcov emjqero ^ev&tjv o ri 8eoiro yqrjG&ai ry Gzoazia. 32. ( tf 
einev co8e ' MaiGa8r i g tjv nariqq \ioi ' ixeivov 8' t]v dqyr\ MeXav8T- 
tai xal Ovvoi xal Tqavlxpai. 'Ex, ravzqg ovv rrjg ycoqag, ensl roc 
08qvg(ov 7iqdy\iara ivoGrjGev, exneGmv 6 nazi}Q avzbg filv ano- 
•&vi]Gxei vogco ' iya 5' iiezQacf^v oocpavbg naqa Mrfioxco rep vvv 
fiaGiXeT. 33. 'Enel 8e veaviGxog iyevoprjv, ovx i8vvdfirjv t\jv elg 
dXXozqiav rqdnetav ano^Xe7Z(ov ' xal ixa&e<^6^i]v ev8icpqiog avzcp 
Ixezrig 8ovvat pot onoGovg Svvazbg e'lr\ dv8qag, oncog xal rovg 
ixfiaXovzag r^dg et ri Swaifiyv xaxbv Ttoioiqv xal ^4ijv nrj elg rijv 
exeivov zqaTie'Qav ano^Xenoav cogneq xvwv. 34. 3 Ex rovrov fxoi 
8i'8(ogi rovg dv8qag xal rovg Innovg ovg vpelg oipeG&e STteiddv 
ij^e'qa yevrjrai. Kal vvv iyw £eo rovzovg eycov, XtjiXoftevog rtjv 
Ifxavzov narqepav ycoqav. El 8e poi vpeTg Traqaye'voiG&e, ol[iai av 
gvv roig &eolg qa8icog drroXa^eiv rijv dq%r t v<> Tavr egtiv a iya 
v{i(0v 8tofiai. 

35. Tl kv ovv, eqirj 6 Eevoqwv, gv 8vvaio, el eX&oqiev, ry re 
Giqazia 8i8ovai xal roig XoyayoTg xal roig Gzqazqyoig ; Ae^ov, 



164 EXPEDITiO CYRI. 

Iva ovzoi dnayyillcoGiv. 36. ( O ds v7Zeg%eto rep [xsv GToaTimTi] 
xvfymjvbv, T($ da lo%ayqj difioiQiav, t($ ds GToaTijyqj TETQa^ioiQiav, 
xal y~t\v ottogtjv dv povXmzcu xai. t,svyri xal %coqiov im -fralaTTri 
tetei^ig^evov. 37. 'Edv d\ sqit] 6 Ssvocptov, ravza tteiqco^ievoi f^rj 
dia7TQd%co(A£v, alia Tig yofiog dnb Aaxsdaifiovicov rj, ds'£ri sig t\v 
Gsavzov dv xig dnisvai fiovlijTai naqa 68 ; 38. ' O $ Eine ' Kal 
adslqiovg ys Tzoi^Go^iai xai ivdicfQiovg xal xoivwvovg dnavTcov cov 
dv dweopsfta yixda&ai. £ol tf , <x> Esvoqicov, xal ftvyaTtoa dwGco 
Tim ei Tig aol egti &vydTt]Q, (ovqcopai 0Qaxiq) vopco ' xal Bicdv- 

&TjV OlXqOlV doOGW 071EQ 1(101 xdXllGTOV ^mQlOV i6Tl TWV ETtl 

Salary. 



CAP. III. 

1. 'AxovGavTsg zavza xa\ ds^iag dovrsg xai lafiovTsg anrilav- 
vov ' xal nob ijfiEQag iysvovTO im Tcp Gzoazonsdcp xa\ dnriyyEikav 
sxaGzoi Toig TtEfiipaaiv. 2. 'ExeI ds r^jiEQa iysvsTO, o ftev "AqiGTaq- 
yog Ttdhv ixdlsi Tovg GZQazrjyovg xai loyayovg ' zoig d' edo^s tt\v 
\lev nqbg "AqiGTaqyov bdbv iaGai, to fit GiqaTEVfia GvyxalsGai. 
Kai Gvvrjl&ov ndvzsg nlijv ol Nt'corog ' ovtoi ds dnEX^ov wg dsxa 
Gzddia. 3. 'Em-l ds gvvijI&ov, dvaGTag Asvoqjcov sins, Tads * 
Avdgsg, dianlsiv ysv sv&a fiovlopE&a AgiGTagyog TQiyoEig syav 
xcolvsi • oogz sig nloXa ova aGyalsg i^alvsiv ' ovTog ds 6 avTog 
xeIevei sig Xeqq6vi]gov fiia did tov ieqov ooovg TTOQEVEG&ai ' tjv ds 
XQarrJGavTsg tovzov exeige sI&co^ev, ovte tzcoItJgeiv eti vpdg (ftjGiv, 
wgTTEQ iv Bv^avTicp, ovte E^a7iaT^GEG&ai hi vfidg, alia Irjxpe- 

G&ai [llGd'bv OVTE TZEQlOXpEG'dai ETI 03g7TEQ VVVl dsOfXEVOVg T(hv 

imTijdEicov. 4. OvTog fisv TavTa Isysi' ^sv&qg ds' cpr t Giv, dv 
rrobg ekeTvov itjte, ev noi^GEiv vfAag. Nvv ovv GXEipaGfis ttoteqov 
iv&dds ixivovTsg tovto ^ovIevgegBe jj sig ra imTrjdsia inavsldov- 
rsg. 5. 'Eftoi fisv ovv doxsT, sail sv&dds ovte dgyvQiov syofisv 
wgTS dyogd&iv ovte dvsv dgyvgiov eojgi lappdvsiv Ta EniTrfiEia^ 
snavslxtovTag sig Tag xiofiag o&ev ol r\T70vg egjgi lafjfidvsiv, sxsl 
syovrag zd smTijdEia dxovovTag o ti Tig vfiav dsiTai aiosiG&ai o ti 
dv vfi.iv doxy xqaTiGTov slvau 6. Kal otm, scpi], Tama doxsi, 
aqdrco tt\v %uga. ^AvsTEivav dnavzsg. 'Atiiovteq xoivvv, «qp^, 



LIB. VII. CAP. III. 165 

GVGxsvd&G&s, xai snEidav nagayyEiXy 7tg, etzeg&e tq> ijyov- 
[xs'vqt. 

7. Metoc ravra Esvocpcov jisv fjyeiTO, ol §' eittov70. Ne'ojv ds 
xai naga AgiGzdgyov aXXoi ettei&ov anorQtnEG&ai ' ol ds ov% 
vniixovov. 'Erzel ds ogov 7gidxovza G7adiovg ngosXTjXv&EGav, 
aTzavza ^Ev&rjg. Kai 6 Zsvoqcov idwv avzbv ngogsXaGai exsXev- 
gev, OTTcog on ttXeigtwv axovovzcov e'ittoi amcp a idoxsi GvptysgEiv. 
8. 'EtteI ds TTQogrj'k&Ev, sins ZEvocpwv ' c HfA.stg rrogsvopiE'&a ottov 
(xtXXsr s'zsiv to GTQciTEvpa rgoqs-rjv ' sxsl ds dxovov7sg xai gov xai 
7<x>v tov Aaxcovixov aiQTjGopsd-a a av xgdziGta doxy sivai. Hv 

OVV tffllV qyiJGTl 07Z0V TtXeiGZU EG71V STilTTJdeia, vno GOV VO\llOV\lEV 

i^EviG&ai. 9. Kai 6 ^sv&rjg scpy, 'Alia olda xm^iag noXXag 
d&goag xai navza i%oi>Gag 7a Eni77]dsia ans^ovGag r^vsv ogov 
disX&6v7sg' av r^dscog dgiG7orrj7£. *Hyov zoivvv, scpr] 6 Esvocpcov. 
10. 'EtteI ds dopixovzo sig avzag 7tjg dsiXrjg, GvvrjX&ov ol Gzgazico- 
rai, xai sins ^sv&tjg 70idds • 'Eyw, a avdgsg, dtofiai vpcov 

GTOaXEVEGdai GVV EflOl ' XCU V7TlG%VOV{A.ai VfllV d03G£lV 70ig GTQa- 

tmtaig xv^ixrjvbv, Xo%ayoTg ds xai GToarrjyoTg 7a vo{ii£6[XEva ' 
s£(o ds TovTcov 70V a<*iov Ttji/jGCQ. 2,17a ds xai 7707a cagnsg xai 
vvv sx 7rjg %<x>gag Xafifidvovzsg s^sts. 'OnoGa ds av aXiGxqzai 
a^icoGco avzbg sysiv, Iva 7av7a diaTids'^svog vjuv 70V [MG&bv 
ttoqiXco. 11. Kai Ta psv cpsvyov7a xai dnodidgdaxovTa fysTg 
ixavol EGOfis&a dimxsiv xai [iugtsveiv ' av ds 7ig dvdiG7T]zai, gvv 
viuv TiEioaGOfiE&a %EiQoi'G&ai. 12. 'Ett/jQEto 6 Esvoqav ' IJogov 
ds anb {raXa77i]g dhcoGsig cvvsnea&ai goi to G7ga7sv[xa ; ' d' 
a7zsxQiva70 ' Oi'dafifj ttXeiov S7Z7a rj^Egav, fxsiov ds 7ToXXa%q. 

13. Mszd 7avra ididoTO Xsysiv tw {jovXofis'vcp. Kai sXsyov 
noXXoi xa7a 7av7a ozi nav7bg aha Xt'yoi ^Ev&qg ' %ei[ig)v yag Ertj, 
xai ov7E oixads dnonXsTv T($ tovxo fiovXofit'ra) dvva7ov ei% diays- 
vsG&ai 7E ev cfiXt'a oh% oiov 7 Etrj, si dsoi avovfisvovg tftv ' lv ds 7r\ 
7ioXs\iia dtatgifieiv xai 7gsq)SG&ai aacpaXsGrsgov iisza JEsv&ov ?} 
fiorovg ov7cov ayadwv 70gov7gip ' si ds [xig&ov TrgogX/iipoivzo, ev- 
Qrifia idoxsi sivai. 14. 'Enl 70V70ig sins Hzsvocpaiv ' Ei7ig dv7iXsysi y 
Xsyszco ' ei ds fxr] E7Ti\pr{Cpi£s7co 7ai>7a. 'EtteI ds ovdslg avziXsyEv, 
ETTExpqqiGE, xai ido^B 7avza. Evdhg ds Zsv&ri sins 7ai>7a t on 

GVG7ga7SVG0lV70 aV7(p. 



166 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

15. Met a tovto ol (aev allot xaza rd^eig EGxyvrjGav ' GToaTrj- 
yovg ds xat !o%ayovg im dsinvov SEtv&qg ixdlsGE, TzlrjGtov xi6fJO]v 
syvzv. 16. 'Emu 6 s ' im dvqatg rfiav chg im QEinvov naqiovTEg, i]v 
Tig'IlQaxlaidijg MaocQveizTjg' ovzog TZQogiwv ivl sxaGTcp ovgrivag 
coszo e/eiv 77 dovvat Jlev&v^ tidgJtov ptv nohg FlaQiavovg Tivag, ol 
naQtjGav cptliav diaTTQa^o^iEvot nohg Mrjdoxov tov OdovGcov fiaai- 
)Ja xat Saoa dyoviEg avzcn re xal zrj yvvatxl, slsyEv on Mrjdoxog 
[isv avco Eirj dcodtxa ?j[a,£qcov dnb x^aldzT^g odov ' Ji£v&r]g ds ETTEcdrj 

TO GTOttTEVfia TOVTO ElhjtyEV, CiQ^COV EGOITO ijll -&aldTT1] ' 17. y£l- 

T03V ovv wv IxavcoTaTog EGzai vpdg xat ev xal xaxoog ttoieiv. Hv 

OVV 6CQCpQ0v7]7£, TOVTO) dcOGETE 6 Tl dyETE ' XOt dflElVOV VfUV diaXSl- 
GETO.1 tj ECiV MljdoXCp TCp TTQOGbO OlXOVVTl SwTE. ToVZOVg [A,£V OVTlxtg 
E7ZEI&EV. 18. Avftig d£ TlfXaGlWVl TOO /taodaVEl TIQOgsl&toV, E71e\ 

rjxovaev avzqj shai xal ixncofiaza xcu tdmdag fiaQfiaQKidg, slEysv 

OZl VO\llC,OlTO 07107 £ E7U dtlTTVOV xalsGatTO ^EV^g ficQQElG&ai 

avzqj Tovg xlijOivzag' ovtog d' rjv n^yag iv&d<$£ ysrrjrou, Ixavog 
SGzai ge xal otxads xaiayaystv xal ivxrdds tiIovgiov noiqaai. 
Toiavza ngovfivazo exugtco noogiav. 19. IlQogthJav 8s xal 

^EVOtyOOVTl ElEyE ' J£v XOt TtolSGig fA.£yiGT7]g El, XCU 71CIQ0!. ^Evdy TO 
GOV OVOfia f.l£yiGT()V EGTl ' XCU EV TT^E 77/ X™ ?' / ' (TC0 ? d^lCOGEig XOU 

tev/ji lappdvEir, agrzsQ xal allot tcov v^ietsqcov 'ilaftov, xal ftaqav • 
at,iov ovv goi xa). \isyalonqEnE6zaTa Ti\ii]Gat Zsv^-qv. 20. Evvovg 
8e goi cov naoaivm ' ev ol8a yao ozt oaco dv [aei^cq tovtop b(OQr i G'Q > 

T0G0VTQ) fl£(XcO VJIO TOVTOV dya&d TTEIGY^. ^XOVCOV TOVTa ZEVOCpCQV 

9J7zoqsl' ov yaQ dia^E^}xEi £%cqv ix IlaQiov si pr] nalda xa\ ogov 
iqiodtov. 

21. 'Etzei da EigJ/l-ftov E7ii to d£?rzvov tcgv te Ogaxcov ol xqdzt- 
gzoi tk>v 7ia(j6vzcov xa) ol GzoaTTjyol xal ol lo%ayot tcov 'Ellyvcov 
v.a\ £i Tig TTQEGpEia 7zanijv drib Trolscog, zo dEifivov y.£v rjv xa&rniE- 
votg xvxlcp ' ETTEira d£ TQirzodEg Ei.gtjTs'xd'-qGav naGiv' OVTOl 5' tjGav 

XQECJV fJlEGTol VEV£fl7]f/JrC0V, XCU l/.QTOl £vf.U7at fAEydlot TTQOgTZETlEQO- 

vrjfJtsvoi ?]Gav noog TOig xot'aGi. 22. MdliGra ds at TQanE^ai xazd 
Tovg <;£vovg dzl Bzidsvzo ' vofxog yaQ ? t v. Kal froazog tovto 
inoiEt 2*£vd~r t g • dvElofjiEvog Tovg EavTO) naqaxEtyiEvovg aQTovg dtex/.a 
xazd (uxqov xal diEQQiTZTEi oig avTo) idoxEt ' xal Ta xoia (hgavTcog, 
ogov [iovov yEVGaGxrat savzw xaTalincov. 23. Kal ol allot ds 



LIB. VII. CAP. III. 167 

•Aazd ravzd Inolovv y.atf ovg at rodnE^ai sxeivzo. Aqy.ag 8t tig 
''AqvGzag oroiia, (paysiv Ssirbg, rb fisv diaoQinteTv eta yaiqstp, Xa- 
@cbv 8s sig tqv yEtga ogop rovyoiviv.ov dqrov y.al. y.qia -ds'usvog im 
ta yopura ISeittpei. 24. Ksqara 8' 0'1'vov TTEqiscpEoov, y.al Tzuvrtg 
iSt'yopzo. e <5' 'AqvGrag, irtsi Tiaq avrbv Cfsqcop rb y.sqag 6 olro- 
yoog qxev, eIttev i8cop rbv Zspocpcopra ovy.szi dunvovvra ' 'Exeipco, 
ioprj, dog ' GyoXdtsi ydq ydq, sycb 8' ovdsnca. 25. "Ay.ovGag £sv- 
-&tjg T^v qxQvrj? fjqcoza rbv oivoyoov rl Xsyoi. ' 8s olvoyoog eitzev ' 
SlX/qvi^siv ydgrjm'Gzazo. ' Evzav&a fxev 8-qyeXcog iysvEzo. 

26. 'East 8s nqovycaqsi 6 nozog, eigrjl&w dpr t q Qqk$ Ittttov 
s'ycop Xevxop ' y.ai Xaftchp y.sqag (jlegzop, tine' IJqom'poj ooi, co Xsv- 
ftq, y.al rbv Innov zovzov dcogovpat, scp ov y.al 8;ooycov op up 
■OsXi d g, atQijGEtg, y.al dnoycoqcop ov \vi] deiorjg top ttoXsixiop. 21 ' ,'AX- 
log Ttacda slgayaycop ovzcog idcoorjGaro rrgonipcap, y.al dXXog 
iftdzia r\ yvvav/.i Kai TipaGccop nqonircop iScoqi^Gazo qidXrp rs 
dqyvqdv yal rdmSa dh'av dt'y.a y.rar. 28. rv^Ginnog 8s rig 
'A&rjvaiog dvaardg eitzep on dqyaXog sirj vojiog y.dXXiGzog rovg 
[up syovzag 8i8ovai zco ftaGilsX riu?jg svE'/.a, roig ds ftrj tyovoi 
Sidopai rbv fiaGiXsa ' ha y.al sycb, scfrj, syco aoi ScooeXg&cci y.al rumv. 
29. 'O 8s tzEvoycop tjtioqelzo, o ri Tioirfioi ' y.al ydq izvyyapsv cog ri t uc6- 
pEvog, lv rco nXrfiiaizdzo) Sicfocp ^tv-fry y.a&/ lk u£vog. '0 8s 'HqaxXsi- 
8r t g lyJXsvEv avzco zo y.sqag bqs^ai rbv oivoyoov. '0 8s Zspocfdop, i'fiq 
ydq vnoTZETicoy.ag szvyyavsv, dpsazi] -&aQoa)Jcag Ssldiasrog rb y.s- 
qag y.al eitiep ' 30. ''Eycb 8s cof, oo JZEv&tj. SiScofxi Ifjtavzbv y.al zovg 
Epovg rovzovg szatgovg qilovg slvai mazovg, y.al ov8tpa dy.opza, 
dXXd ndvzag \idXXov tzi i^ov aoi ^orXo^srovg qtXovg thai. 
31. Kal vvv ndqsiciv ov8ep as TiQogaizovvzEg, dXXd y.al TiQonusroi 
xul nopsiv vttsq gov y.al tzooxitSvpeveiv E&sXovzsg" fitO' cap, dp 
oi -dsol d-sXcoGi, TioXXfjp %CQQ(tv z\v fisv dnoXi'i^pij nazQcgav ovgup, 
ztjv ds y.zi]Gri, noXXovg 8s iTznovg, noXXovg 8s drdoagy.al yvvaly.ag y.a- 
Xdg y.zrJGr[,ovg ov Xr^EG&cuSstjGEt, dXX avzol qsoovzsg naqsGovzai 
nqbg gs 8cooa. 32/AvaGzdg 6 ^sv&^g gvpe^sttie xal GvyxazEGxESaGa- 
%o fiszd rovzo rb y.sQag. Mszd zavza EigrjXSov xsqugi ze o'loig Gr h uai- 
vovgiv avXovvzeg xcu GaXmy^iv coixofiotpuig ov&fiovg ze y.al olov \iayd8i 
caXnl^ovzEg. 33. Kal avzbg ^Evd-qg dvuGzag dps'y.Qays rs no- 



168 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

Xe/mxov xai i^rjXazo wgtzeq fis'Xog cpvXazzofXEvog \idXa ilacpQwg. 
EiGiieouv 8s xai yEXcazonoioi. 

34. 'fig d* i]v rfkiog inl 8vG{iaTg, dvEGzr}Gav ol'EXXrjvEg xai e2~ 
nov ozi ojQCt vvxzoqvXaxag xa&iGzdvai xai Gvv&r^a naqa8i8bvai. 
Kal 2sv&r t v exe'Xevov naqayyEiXai OTicog £ig zee 'EXXyvixa Gzqazo- 
Tteda [iijdetg zav Qqaxojv ai'gsim vvxzbg' ol ze ydq noXtpioi Oqa- 
xsg vyiiv xai fjpiv ol (pilot. 35. ' Qg 8' i^yeaav, GvvavEGzrj 6 2ev- 
&T]g ov8ev zi fiE&vovti ioixwg. 'E^eX&wv 8' eJuev avzovg zovg 
Gzqazrjyovg dnoxaXsGag ' 7 Q dv8qEg, ol no}Jfjiioi rjfiav ovx laaci 

7TCO Z1JV ?][X8T8QaV GV[l[J.a%iaV ' 1]V OVV sX&COflEV 871 CLVTOVg TTqIv (fvXd- 

<~a(j&cu wgzE pi] Xqqidyvai tj naqaGXEvaGaG&ai cogzs d\ivvaG$ai, 
fidXiGza av Xdfioifisv xai dvdqamovg xai yjqr\iiaza. 36. ZvvEnr^- 
vovv zavza ol Gzqazijyol xai ?jyEiG&ai exeXevov. e O 8' sine ' Tla- 
qaGXEvaGapEvoi dva\xivEZE ' iyoj 8' bnbzav xaiqbg \ ^|co nqbg 
vfidg ' xai zovg nEXzaGzag xai vpdg dvaXafiav tjyijGOfjiai gvv zoig 
&EoTg. 37. Kal 6 AEvocpGov ElnE' £xs'\pai zoivvv, eitieq vvxzbg 
noQEVGOfiE&a, Ei 6 'EXXrjnxbg vofxog xdXXiov e^ei ' [aex? rjfiE'qav fuv 
ydq h> zaXg noQEiaig fjfsftai zov GzqazEv\iazog bnolov av dsl nqbg 
tijv yjoqav 6Vft(pEori> idv ze bnXizixbv Idv re TisXzaGzixbv lav zs 
Inmxov ' vvxzcoq 8e vopog zoig ''EXXtjgiv r t yEiG&ai egzi zb @qa8v- 
zazov ' 38. ovzco ydq rjxiGta 8iaG7tdzai zd GzqazEvyiaza xai 
rjxiGza Xav&dvovGiv dnooioodGxovzEg dXXi]Xovg' ol 8e 8iaG7ta- 
G$EV7Eg noXXdxig xai nEqminzovGiv dXXrjXoig xai dyvoovvzEg xaxwg 
noiovGi xai nd.G^ovGiv. 39. E'mev ovv ^Ev&rjg ' ' Oq&ag ze X&yExz 
xai Eyoj zo) voficp zcp vpEZEQCp 77£iGO[iai. Kal vfiiv (iev rjyEfAorag 
dcoGoo zmv TTQEGpvzdzwv zovg EfATTEiQozdzovg trig xcoqag, avzog 8 
exfEipofiai zsXEvzaiog zovg lirnovg e^v ' zayy yctg ngwzog av 8eyi 
TzaQEGOfAai. Zvv#i}pa 8" eIttov 3 AQHNAl \AN xazd z\v GvyyE- 
vEiav. Tavz EinovzEg avsnavovto. 

40. 'Hvixa 5' rp> dficpl fiEGag vvxzag, 7iaq~]v ZEv&ijg e^v zovg In- 
TiEag zs&woaxiGpEvovg xai zovg nEXzaGzdg gvv zoig onXoig. Kai stiei 
naq{8(oxE zovg rjyEfjiovag, ol ptv bnXlzai qyovvzo, ol 8s nsXzaGzai Einov- 
zo, ol 8e InnElg aniG&ocpvXdxovv. Al.'Ensl 8e r<tiEQa ?]V, b HEv&rjg na- 
qrjXavvEv Eig zb tiqou&ev xai InipEGE zbv 'EXXrjvixbv vofiov ' noXXaxig 
yaq sept] vvxzojq avzbg xai gvv oXfyoig Tzogsvofxevog dTtOGTzaG&rjvcti 



LIB. VII. CAP. III. 169 

gvv toig innoig anb rmv tze^ojv ' vvv 8s <nGnsq 8eT a&qooi ndvrsg d\ia 
ry r^isqa cpaivops&a. 'AXX ifiEig {isv nsqi-fjilvsrs avrov xal dvanavs- 
G&e ' lyd> ds 6X£\pd[A.Ev6g ri rfcco. 42. Tavr eitzcov rjXavve 81 oqovg 
686v nva Xaficov. 3 Ensl 8' dcpixsro slg %i6va noXXijv, sGxsxparo el 
zi'q i'yvt] dv&qconcov rj nqoGco qyovfisva rj Ivavria. 'Ensl 8s arqi- 
(iij iaqa rr\v 65bv, tjxe rayy ndXiv xal sXsysv ' 43. 'Av8qsg, xaXcog 
EGrai, r}v &£og &s'Xr{ ' rovg ydq dv&qmnovg XrJGopsv ImnsGovrsg. 
'AXX lya fisv riyfjGOfiai roTg Innoig, oncog dv nva idm[isv, f^rj 8ia- 
yvyoov gtj{,i?Jvyi roig noXsfxioig • vfisig tf snsG&s ' xdv Xsicp&rjrE, rap 

GTlftcp T03V 17T7ZWV E7TEG&E ' V7l£Q@dv7Eg 8s TO. 0Q7] rfeoyLEV Eig XOiftag 

noXXdg te xal Evdaifiovag. 

44. 'Hvixa ds i]v fiicov r^isqag, ydy te jjv inl roig dxqoig xcu 
xazidav tag xcopag tjxev iXavvcov nqbg rovg bnXlrag xcu sXsysv' 
'Aq>^G(o rfiij xaradsiv rovg [isv Innsag slg rb ns8iov, rovg 8s nsX- 
TctGrag Inl rag xcofiag. 3 AXX snsG&E cog dv dvvrjG&s zd%iGra, 
oncog lav rug vcpiGrijrai, aXs^rjG&E. 45. "AxovGag ravra 6 aevo- 
cpcov xars'fltj dub rov innov. Kal og riqsro ' Tl xaraftaivsig etzec 
gtzev8siv 8eT ; Oi8a, sqj?], brt ovx Ifiov /novov 8sr} ' ol 8' bnXXtai 
ddrrov 8qa{iovvrai xa\ r]8iov, lav xal ly<a nst,bg rjycofiai. 

46. Msra ravra &ysro xal TifxaGicov fisr avrov iypv Innsag 

dig tsrraqdxovra rcov' EXXqvcov. Esvocpcov 8s naqrjyyvrjGE rovg slg 

rqidxovza srt] naqisvai dnb rcov Xo%cov ev^ojvovq. Kal avrbg psv 

irQoxa^E rovrovg e%cov ' KXsdvcog 8s r\yslro twv dXXcov 'EXXrjvcov. 

47. 'EtteI 5' Iv raig xcopaig ijoaVy 2^8vd)]g 'lycav ogov roidxovra 

Innsag nooosXaGag sins ' Td8s 8ij, co Esvocpav, a gv sXsysg ' s^ov- 

tai ol dv&Qonnoi ' dXXd ydq tgiftioi ol Innslg oi%ovrai fioi aXXog 

aXXij 8ic6x(qv xal 8s8oixa ^ GVGrdvrsg d&ooot nov xaxov n 

ioyaGMvrai ol noXsfiwi. AsZ 8s xal Iv raig xapaig xarafisvEiv 

nvdg rjficov ' pEGral ydq eigiv dv&qconcov. 48. 'AXX syco [isv, scpi] 

6 Zsvocpav, gvv olg £/a> rd dxqa xaraXrjxpOfiai ' gv 8s KXsavoqa 

xsXeve 8ia rov ns8iov naqarsivai r\v ydXayya naqa rag xwfiag. 

''Ens) 8s ravra InotrjGav, GvvtfuG&qGav dv8qdno8a \isv wg yiXia, 

§6sg 8s diaxiXioi, xal dXXa nqofiara pvqia. Tors psv 8rj avrov 

ijvXiGd-rjGav. 

15 



170 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 



CAP. IV. 



1. Ty d'vGzsqaia nazaxavGag 6 Zsvitygzag nmpag TtavzsX&g 
xal oiniav ovdspiav Xmoov, omog qjopov iv&Eir] nal zoXg dXXoig ola 
nsiGovzai, dv fit] rtsi&tovzai, dm{si ndliv. 2. Kal z\v ph Xsiav 
u7T87i8[ji\pE diazi&SG&ai 'HganXsid^v sig IIsqiv&ov, OTtoag (jiiG&bg yi- 
vqzai zoXg Gzoazicozaig ' avzbg ds nal ol "EXXrjvsg iGZQazoTZsdsvovzo 
dvd zb Ovvwv nsdiov. 01 d' inXmovzsg scpsvyov tig za oqtj. 

3. Hv ds %ia)v TZoXXtj nai ipvyog ovzwg wgzs zb vdcoo o iqisoovzo 
im dsiTivov imjyvvzo nal 6 ohog 6 iv zoXg dyysloig, nal zav 'EXXiq- 
ywv noXXtiv nal qXvsg dnsnaiovzo nal wza. 4. Kal zoze dt{Xov 
iyivszo ov svsna ol Qqansg zdg aXoonEnidag im zaXg nsyaXaXg 
cpoQovai nal zoig cod, nal yiz&vag ov \iovov m-ol zoXg Gzsqvoig 
dXXd nai izeqi zoTg fxriqoXg ' nai ^siqdg [ts'%qi zav nodojv im zg>v 
iTZncov sypvGiv, dXX ov yXafxvdag. 5. 'dcpislg ds zojp afypaXazcov 
6 ^sv&ijg slg za bqi] sXsysv ozi si \ir\ nazafiijGovzai olxrJGovzEg nai 
nsiGovzai, ozi nazanavGEi nal zovzwv zdg ncofiag nal zbv aizov, nal 
anoXovvzai za> Xi^q). 3 En zovzov nazi^aivov nal yvvainsg nal naX- 
dsg nal ol nqsG^vzsqoi ' ol ds vecozsqoi iv zaXg vnb zb oqog ncopaig 
TjvXi^ovro. 6. Kal 6 2sv&7jg naza^a^mv ixt'XsvGE zbv Asvotytovza 
zoov bnXizwv zovg vscozdzovg Xafiovza c'vvemania&ai. Kal dva- 
czdvzsg z?jg wnzbg d\ia zy qpsoa TiaqrJGav slg zdg ncofxag ' nal ol 
fisv nXsiGzoi i^icpvyov nXriGiov ydq l]v zb ooog ' OGOvg ds sXafis 
nazijnovziGEV dcpsidcog JZsvfrrjg. 

7. *EmG&ivrig ds rjv zig 'OXvv&iog 7iaidsQaGztjg } og Idav ncuda 
xaXbv rifidGKOvza dqzi ttsXztjv syovza \isXXovza a7iod'vrJGH6iv i ngog- 
doafjtwv Esvoycovza Ixszevge fiojjdrJGai naidl xaXqj. 8. Kal og 
noogsX&av z<$ JZsvdrj dsizai fir] dnoxzEivai zbv TtaXda • y.al zov 
3 EmG&svovg dirjysizai zbv zqonov, nal ozi Xo%ov nozs GvvsXi^azo 
6X07Tcqv ovdsv dXXo i] Ei z iv sg eJev xaXoi' nal fiErd zovzcov r\v dvrjo 
dya&og. 9. '0 ds Zsvd^rjg %qezo, 7 H nal tfiXoig av, co '' ' EniG&Evsg, 
vkeq zovzov dno&avsiv ; 'O $ sinsv avaxsivag zbv zgdx^Xov, liar?, 
tqitj, ei xeXevei 6 naig nal fisXXsi %doiv sldivai. 10. 'En^QEZO 6 
^sv&fjg zov naXda ei naiGsisv avzbv dvzl insivov, Ovn sia 6 aaig, 



LIB. VII. CAP. IV. 171 

dX)l Ixezevs firfisrsgov xaraxaivstv. 'Evrav&cc drj 6 ' ' EmG&s'vqg 
nsgiXaftcov rbv naida slnsv ' "Qga goi, co Zsv&r n tzeoI rovde f^pc 
dia t ud%£G&ai' ov yag {iS&rjGco rbv nalda. 11. ' ds ^sv&rjg ys- 
Xcov ravra fxsv si'a ' sdo^s cf avzcp avrov avXiG^vai, ha prj ix 
rovrcov zcov xcoficov ol inl rov ogovg rgicfoivzo. Kal avrbg psv 
iv rep Tisdlcp vnoxaraQdg iaxqvov ' 6 ds ^evocpmv sycov rovg mi7.i- 
xrovg ivry imb to ogog dvcordzco xcofxr}' xal ol dXXoi v EXXr i vsg iv 
roig oostoig xaXovfisvoig Ooa$l nXr^iov xfciSGxyvqtifcv. 

12. 'Ex rovrov rj^sgai ov TZoXXal diszgf^orzo, y.al ol ex tov 
ogovg Qgaxsg xarafiaivovrsg ngbg tov Zev&^v jzeqi Gnovdcov y.al 
bur t gcov disngdzrovro. Kal 6 Esvocpcov iX&cbv sXeys rco ^sv&y on 
iv novr^goTg ronoig Gxr t vcpsv xal tzX^giov eJev ol tzoXejjuoi ' r-diov r av 
e^co avXi^EGdai 'icprj iv iyvgoTg ycogioig /ndXXov ?/ iv roTg Gzsyvolg, 
cogzs anoXia&ai. 13. '0 ds -&a6gtTv skeXsvB xal t'dsi^Ev op/joovg 
nagovrag avroj. 'Eds'ovzo ds y.ai rov Eevocpcorzog xazaftaivovrsg 
nvsg rcov ix tov ogovg dvjmga^ai GcpiGi rag cnovddg. '0 5' cofio- 
Xoysi xa), -fraoQEiv iyJXsvs xai ijyyvcizo firjdsv avrovg y.axbv tzsigs- 
g&cu nsi&oixsvovg Zev&y[. 01 <5'' aga ravx sXsyov xaraGxonr { g 
i'vsxa. 

14. Tavra fisv xr t g rjiisgag iysvsxo ' Eig ds r/]v imovGav vvxra 
imri&svrai iX&ovrsg ix tov ogovg ol Qvvoi. Kal rjysficbv fxsv rp 6 
dsGnox^g sxccGrtjg riqg oixi'ag ' yaXsnbv yag i\v aXXcog rag olxiag 
axoTOvg ovxog avsvgiGXEiv iv roig xcopaig ' y.ai yag al olxiai xvxXcg 
TiEgiEGtavgcovro ftsydXoig GravgoTg rav ngo^arcav svexa. 15. ' EtteI 
tf iyivovTO xara rag dvoag ixddrov tov btxyfiarog, ol filv 8igj]- 
xovritov, ol ds ToTg GxvrdXoig 'ifiaXXov, a s%eiv sqaGav cog dnoxo- 
\povrsg tcov dogdzcov rag Xoyyag ' ol ds ivsmnngaGav ' xa\ Esvo- 
yavra ovofxaan xaXovvrsg ihoira ixiXsvov dnod^v^Gy.siv, ij avrov 
scfaGav xaTaxav&rJGEG&ai avxov. 

16. Kal i]drj is diet tov ogoqov iyaivsro nvg, xal ivTS&cogaxi- 
Gfiiroi ol 7isg\ HzEvoqcovza svoov i]Gav aGrzidag xai [xa%uigag xal 
xgdvi] E/ovzsg, xal ZiXavbg May.EGziog izoov i]dr[ cog oxrcoxatdexa 
(ov Grjuaivsi ry GaXmyyi ' y.al sv&vg ixnrficoGiv iGnctG\iivoi td ^icfrj 
xal ol ix rcov aXXcov Gx^vcopcdzcov. 17. Ol ds Qgaxsg cpsvyovGiv, 
wgrzsg drj rgonog r t v avroTg, otzig&ev TTEgtfiaXXofiEvoi rag nsXrag ' 
y.al avrcov i>7isgaXXo[*svcov rovg czavgovg iX^cfd-jjGav rivsg xgepa- 



172 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

G&svisg ir£%0[isvcov ioov tteXicov loig GiavpoTg * ol 8s xal dns&avov 

tficcQzovreg iwv i^odoov ' ol 5' "EXX^vsg l8i(oxov s^to itjg xcofirjg 
. Tcov 8s Ovvcov vnoGipaqiviEg nvsg ev too gxoiei lovg napa- 
ips%oviag naq olxlav xaiofiEVTjv rjxovn^ov eig ib cpoig ix iov 
Gxoiovg * xal sipcoGav ' Isqcqvvuov ie EvoSsa Xo%aybv xcu QsoyE- 
vijv Aoxpbv Xo^ayov ' dnsdavs 8s ov8eig ' xaisxav&i] \isvioi xcu 
ic&fjg iivoov xal gxevij. 19. ^Ev&rjg 8s tjxe ^otj^gcov gvv snid 
InnEVGi toXg npcoioig xal iov GaXmyxiriv e%cov iov Qqdxiov. Kcu 

E77E17ZEQ r t G&£10, OGOV7ZEQ %QOVOV ifioij&El, 10GOV10V XCU 10 XEQag 

iqj&s'yyeio avicjj ' wgis xal iovio cpofiov GVfi7iagsG^E loig TzoXsfiioig ' 
'EtteI 8* ijXdsv, e8e%iovio is xal 'iXsysv bit oi'ono lE&vscoiag noX- 

lohg EVprjGElV. 

20. 'Ex ioviov 6 AEvocpwv 8sliai lovg opt'jpovg is avicp 
napa8ovvai xal ettI ib opog el fiovXsiai GVGipaiEVEG&ai' si 8s 
[xij, avibv EaGai. 21. Trj ovv vGispaia 7iapa8i8coGtv 6 JEEv&rig 
lovg 6[A?jpovg, npEgfivispovg dv8pag ?j8r], lovg xpaiiGiovg, cog sqia- 
Gav, iojv oqeivoov ' xal avtbg sp*fEiai gvv iy Swdpsi. "H8rj 8' styE 
xal ipmXaGiav 8vva\Aiv 6 ZEv$r\g ' ex yap icov ' 08qvgcov dxovov- 
tEg a npdnoi 6 JLsv&ijg noXXol xaiEpcuvov GVGipaTEVGOfASvoi,. 
22. Ol 8s Qvvol etteI e!8ov anb iov opovg noXXovg jasv onlirag, 
noXXovg 8s TtsXiaGidg, noXXovg 8s limsig, xara^dvisg ixeievov 
GTiEiGaGdai ' xal ndvia co^ioXoyovv rzoirJGEiv xal id niGia Xa\i$a- 
teiv exeXevov. 23. 8s ^Ev&rig xaXsoag iov Esvocprnvia etie8ei- 
xvvev d XiyoiEV ' xal ovx syrj gtzeigegI )ai, ei Esvocpoov fiovXoiro 
it[MoprjGaG&ai aviovg tijc snidsGEosg. 24. ( 8' eItiev ' 'AXX 
tyayE Ixavijv vopt^G) xal vvv 8ixi\v ejeiv, ei ovioi 8ovXoi sGOvtai avi 
eXev&e'qcov ' GVfx^ovXEVEiv fxsvioi sq)rj aviop ib Xombv ofxr^QOvg Xa\i- 
fidvsiv lovg SvvaicQidzovg xaxov n noiEiv, lovg 8s yspoviag oixoi 
lav. Ol (xsv ovv laviij ndvisg 8rj npoGCOfioXoyovv. 



CAP. V. 

1. * TnspfidXXovGi 8s Ttpbg lovg vtzeq Bvt,aviiov Qgaxag sigio 
AsXia xaXovfxsvov ' avirj 8' i\v ovxsii aQpj Mai,Ga8ov, dXXd Trjpovg 
iov '08pvgov, aQiaiov nvog. 2. Kcu 6 ' IIpaxXEiSrjg iviav&a ix^ov 
rrjv tip?]!' itjg Xsiag naor^v. Kal JZsvdrig i^ayayoov L,Evyi] rjfiiovixcc 



LIB. VII. CAP. V. 173 

zgia, (ov ydg ijv nlsico,) zd 8 alia §osind, nalsGag ^Evocpcovza 
inslsvE laftsiv, zd 8' alia diaveipai zoTg GzgazrjyoTg nal lo%ayoig. 
3. Esvoqicov 8s slnsv ' 'Epol fisv zoivvv dgnsi nal av&ig lafisiv ' 
zovzoig 8s zoig Gzgazrjyolg 8cogov o« gvv Spot rjnolov&rjGav v.at 
loyayoig. 4. Kal zcov t^svycov la^dvsi h psv TifiaGicov 6 Aag- 
Bavsvg, ev de Klsdvcog 6 ' Ogyoptnog, ev 8s ®gvviGnog 6 'Ayaiog' 
zd 8s fioEixa ^evy-rj zoig loyayoig nazEfisgiG&t]. Tbv 8s [uc&bv 
dno8i8coGiv i^el^lv&ozog rfiti zov prjvbg sinoGi povov ij^isgcov ' 6 
ydg * HganlsiSrjg slsyev on ov nlslov s\i7ioXr\Gai. 5. * ovv aevo- 
cpcov ax&ea&etg slnsv ino/xoGag ' Aonslg fioi, co * Hganlsi8r], ov% cbg 
8eT nrfisG&ai £sv&ov ' si ydg snrj8ov, rjnsg dv cps'gcov nl^gr] ibv [U- 
G&bv nal ngoGSavsiGapsvog, si fxr] dllcog i8vvco 3 nal dno86fievog za 
cavzov \\idzia. 

6. 'Evzsv&sv 6 ' HganlsiSrjg fy&s'G&t] zs nal e8eige fir) in zrjg 
2ev&ov cfiliag sn^lrj&sir] ' nal o zi i8vvazo anb zavzrjg trig rjfis- 
gag Asroycovza Sispalls ngbg 2ev&riv. 7. 01 pev 8r) Gzgazicozai 
Esrocpcovzi ivsndlovv ozi ova s!yov tbv (jlig&ov ' JZsv&rjg 8s ti%&szo 
avzcp on svzovcog zoig Gzgazicozaig dnyzsi tbv fiia&ov. 8. Kal 
zscog fisv ds\ sfis\ivr\zo cog insiSdv inl ftdlazzav dnsl&rj y naga8co- 
Goi avzcp BiGdv&qv nal Fdvov nal Nsov zsT/og ' anb 8s zovzov 
tov igovov ov8svbg szi zovzcov s\i(fivr]zo. ' ydg ' HganlsiSrjg nai 
xovzo SisfisfilrjnEi cog ovn aGcpalsg sit] zsiyji naga8i8ovai dv8gi 
dvvafitv EJOVZl. 

9. 'Ex zovzov 6 fisv AEvoqcav iftovlsvEZO zi %gr] noisiv tteoI zov 
szl dvco GzgazvsG&ai' 6 d' 'HganleiS^g sigayaycov zovg dllov8 
czgazijyovg ngbg Zev&ijv liysiv zs exsIevev avzovg on ov8sv dv 
tjztov Gqisig dydyoisv ztjv Gzgaziav rj Esvocpcov, zov ze [AiGftov 
vm.GpiEizo avzoig svzbg ollycov Tjfisgcov 'innlscov nag&GSGftai 8voTv 
\ir\voiv ' nal GVG7gazsv£G&ai eaeIeve. 10. Kal 6 TiftaGicov sinev ' 
"Eych \isv zoivvv oi>8' dv nsvzs fA.t]vcov fiiG&bg fislliQ slvai Gzgazsv- 
6ai[i?]v dv avsv xsvocpcovzog. Kal 6 <I>gvviGnog nal Klsdvcog 
Gvvcoytoloyovv zw TifiaGicovi. 

1 1. 'Evzev&ev 6 Zsv&ijg iloidogsi zbv 'HganlsiS^v ozi ov rta- 
ganalsl nai Asvocpcovza. 'En 8s zovzov naganalovGiv avzov \iovov. 
c O 8s yvovg zov ' Hganlsi8ov zqv navovgyiav ozi fiovloizo avzbv 
diafidlletv ngbg zovg dllovg Gzgazqyovg, nagigyszai laficbv zovg 

15* 



174 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

ze Gzgazr\yovg ndvzag xal zovg Xoyayovg. 12. Kal insl Ttdvzsg 
ifieia&?]<jav 9 GWEGzgazsvovzo xal dquxvovvzai iv Strict syovzeg zov 
TIovzov did zoov MeXivoydycov xaXovpsvcov Ogaxwv eig zov JZaXfxv- 
drjGGov. *Ev&a zcov eig zov IJovzov tiXeovgoov veojv noXXai oxtXXovGt 
xal ixmnzovGi' zevayog ydg egziv inl ndpnoXv zr t g %aXdzzr\g. 
13. Kal ol Ggaxsg oi nurd zavza olxovvzsg Gz^Xag bgiGajisvoi tv 
xa&' avzovg ixninzovza exaazoi XyiXovzai ' zicog ft sXsyov ngiv 
6oiGaG&ui dgnd&vzag noXXovg vri dXXijXcov dno&vi]GXEtv. 14. 'Er- 
zav&a evQiGxovzo noXXai fxsv xXlvai, noXXa ds xificozia, noXXai ds f$i~ 
plot ysygapfis'vai, xal zdXXa noXXd oGa iv %vXivoig zsvysGi vavxXrjgoc 
ayovGiv- 3 Evzev&ev zavza xazaGzgEipdfisvoi dn^sGav ndXiv. 15. "Ev- 
■&a dij JZevd-Tjg slys GzgdzEvpa ijdt] nXsov zov 'EXXqvixov ' ex zs ydg 
3 OdgvGav noXv szi nXslovg xazafiafirjXEGav xal ol del nEi&opsvoi 
GWEGZQazsvovzo. KaznyXiG&riGav ds iv z(p nsdico vnsg JEtiXv- 
ftgiag ogov zgidxovza Gzadiovg dnsyovzsg zr\g &aXdzzt]g. 16. Kal 
[MG&bg filv ovoEig nco iqaivszo ' ngbg ds zov Ssvocpavza ol zs 
Gzgazicozai nayyaXencog slyov o ze Xsv&rfi ovxizi olxsicog disxsizo, 
dXX 3 onozs GvyysvEG&ai avzcp ^oyXo^Evog EX&oij noXXai iqdri aGyo- 
Xlai icpaivovzo. 



CAP. VI. 

1. 3 Ev zovzcp zcp ygovco Gysdbv ijdt] dvo [irjvcov bvzwv aqiixvovv- 
rai Xagpivog zs 6 Adxoov xal TloXvvtxog naga Qifigcovog ' xal 
IsyovGiv ozi Aaxsdaifiovioig doxsT GzgazEVEG&ai im TiGGarpt'gvqvt 
xal Oipgcov ixnsnXsvxsv cog noXsfiqGcov ' xal dsizai zavzrjg zrjg 
Gzgazidg xal Xiysi ozi dagsixbg sxaGzcp sGzai [iiG&bg zov fiv t vog, 
xal zoig Xoyayoig dijioigia, zocg ds Gzgazr\yoig zszgapoigia. 
2. 3 EtzsI d 3 rfkftov ol Aaxsdaifxovioi, sv&vg 6 'HgaxXsidtjg nv&6}iE- 
vog ozi inl zb Gzgdzsvua r\xovGi Xsysi zm J£sv&r} ozi xdXXiGzov 
ysyiv^zai ' Oi fxsv ydg Aaxsdai\i6vioi dtovzai zov Gzgazsvfiazog, gv 
ds ovxeti de'ri ' anodidovg ds zb Gzgdzevpa yagisT avzoTg, gs ds ov- 
xszi dnaizipovGi zbv {mg$ov, dXX dnaXXd%ovzai ix zrjg ymgag. 

3. 3 AxovGag zavza b ^Ev&ijg xeXevei nagdysiv ' xal Ins) slnoj^ 
ozi im zb Gzgdzsvua tjxovgiv, sXsysv ozi zb Gzgdzsvfia anodidtaai, 
cpiXog ze xal GVfi^ayog ehai fiovXszai, xaXsi ze avzovg im <zevi<X' 



LIB, VII. CAP. VI. 175 

Kal events [t£yaXo7tq£7Zcog. Asvocpmvta ds ovx ixaXsl, olds tav 
dXXcov Gzqazt^ywv ovdsva. 4. 'Eqcozcovnov ds zav Aaxsdaifxoviojv 
tig dvijq Eitj Asvocpdov drtExqlvato on td [isv dXXa sit] oh xaxbg, 
<piloGTQaTi(aTqgds' xal did tovzo yslqov egtiv avzcp. Kal olslnov 
'A XX' t) dtjfiaycoysi 6 dvr)q zovg dvdqag ; Kal 6 'HqaxXEidrjg ' Haw 
fxh ovv, sqjrj. 5. *Aq ovv, syacuv, fir) xal tjiuv ivavzicoGEtai nsqt 
zr)g anayoiyr]g ; 'AXt tjv vpsig, scprj 6 'Hoaxlsidqg, GvXXs'^avzsg av- 
tovg vnocxv 6 ® 8 T0V Img&ov, oXlyov ixsivco nqoayovrsg anodqa\iovvzai 
ovv vjuv. 6. Ilag ovv ar, scpaaav, y/xiv GvXXsysisv ; A'vqiov vfiag, 
sqp// 6 'HqaxXeidrjg, ttqoj'i d^ofisv nqbg avzovg * xai oida, kept], on 
insiddv vfiag i'dcoGiv aG/iEvoi Gvvdqapovvtai. Avzt\ fisv tj fysqa 
ovzcog sXtj^s. ! 

7. T7/ 6 J vGzsqaia dyovGiv inl to GzdzEvpa tovg Adxcovag 
^sv&ijg re xal 'HqaxXsldrjg, xal GvXXiyszai r\ Gtqatid ' rca ds 
Adxwvs iXsys'tqv on Aaxsdatfxovioig doxsT tioXe\ieXv Tiaaaqisqvet 
?cp vfiag ddixtJGavti' ^v ovv irjzs gvv r\\uv, tor ts i%dqbv tificoqtj- 
geg&e xal daqEixbv sxaGtog oigei tov [xrjvbg vfxcov ' Xo%aybg ds to 
dinXovv* Gtqatrjybg ds to zszqanXovv. 8. Kal ol Gzqazicozai 
aGfiEvoi ts rjxovGav xal sv&vg dviGtatal tig tmv 'Aqxddoav tov 
££VQ(pa)VTog xattjyoqrJGm'. IlaQjjv ds not JZev&qg @ovX6{isvog 
Eidsrai tl 7tqax&/]GEtai ' xal iv inrixoo? eigz^xei, e%cqv sq{ir]vsa ' 
%vvisi ds xal avzbg eXXtjvigzI za nXsiGza. 9. "Ev&a dr) Xsysi 6 
'Aqxdg ' 'AXX r^JiEig fisv, co AaxEdaifiovioi, xal ndXai dv rjfisv naq 
Vfxiv, el fir] tzsvotyav fydg dsvqo nsiGag arnqyayEv' sv&a dt) fjfistg 
fiev zbv dsivbv ysiuwva Gzqazsvofisvoi xai vvata xal rjfisqav ovdsv 
Tzenavfisd'a ' b ds zovg Tjpsztqovg novovg lysi ' xai JLsv&ijg ixslvov 
psv Idla mnXovzi-ASv, rj^dg ds a7iOGzsqsl tov [ua&ov 10. mgts 
o ys nqwzog Xtyav iyd) fisv si tovzov 'idoijii xazaXsvG&svza xal 
dorza dt'xrjv d>v r^jidg nsqislXxs, xai zbv [aig&ov dv poi doxa s%siv xal 
ovdsv im zoTg nsiiovri\isvoig d%&EG&ai. Mszd tovzov dXXog 
dvsGzr] bfioicog nal dXXog. 'Ex ds tovzov AsvotyGsv sXsl-sv mds ' 

11. 'AXXd ndvza \isv dqa dv&qconov ovza nqogdoxav dsT, 
bnozs ys xa), iyw vvv vcp vfjiav alt tag s%(o iv Q) ttXsigz?]v Ttqo&v- 
fiiav s\iavt<$ ys doxw Gwsidivai nsql vfiag naq£GXt]\i£vog. Atzs- 
tqan6[M]v \i(v ys jjdt] o'lxads coquitfis'vog, ov \id tov Ala ovtoi 
Ttvv&avofiEvog vpdg ev nqdzzsiv, dXXd \idXXov dxovcov iv anoQoig 



176 EXPED1TI0 CYRI. 

shai cog tiocpEXrJGeov si zi dvvaifirjv. 12. 'Enel 5' %X&ov 9 2sv&ov 
zovzovi noXXovg dyysXovg nobg ejas ns'iiTiovzog aai noXXa vtzig%vov- 
\iivov pot, si Titiaatfu V(A,ag nqog avzbv iX&siv, zovzo fxlv ova ms- 
%Eior]Ga noiEiv, cog avzol v(xsig im'GzaG&E ' %yov d' o&ev w6fA.r]V 
zdyiGZ av vpag slg zijv 'Agiolv diafiJjvai. Tavza ydo acu fit'XziGza 
ivofii^ov v\iiv elvou aal v^idg rfiuv fiovXopsvovg. 13. *Enu ds 

'^4QlGTUQ%Og sX&OJV GVV ZQlljQEGlV EXOoXvE dtanXsTv rj[Aag, EY, ZOVZOV, 

07TEQ siabg 8t'j7zov ?]V, GvvsXsta vfidg, oncog fiovXEVGai'ps&a b zi %Qt] 
noisiv. 14. Ovaovv vftEig dxovovzsg fisv 'AqiGzaqyov smzdzzovzog 
Vfuv Eig Xeqo6)>t]gov TiOQEVEG&ai, daovovzsg ds Zsv&ov nsldovzog 
iavzcp GVGZQaTEVEG&ai, ndvzsg \isv sXsyszs gvv 2JEv&rj Uvai, ndvzsg 
<f siprjtyiGaGdE zavzd. Ti ovv syoo ivzav&a ydiaqGu ay ay gov v\iag 
sv&a naGiv vfiiv sdoasi ; 15. * Ensi ys fjujv \p£vdEG&ai rjo<~azo J£ev- 
&?]g tzeqI zov [ug&ov, si psv E7iaivoo avzbv, diaaioog av [is aal alzi- 
wg&e aal [mgoizs ' si ds ttqog&ev avzm ttdvz(ov \xdXiGza qtiXog oov 
vvv ndvzcov diacpoQoozazog el[ii t nag av ezi diaaioog vpag aigovfiE^ 
vog dvzl J£ev&ov vcp vfimv alziav tyoifAi tieq) oov nqog zovzov diacps- 
QOfiai ; lb. ALL eittoize av ozi e^egzi v,ai za v\iszsqa syovza 
naqd 2ev&ov zsyyaQsiv. Ovaovv drjXov zovzo ys ozi smso spot, 
izsXsi zi ^Ev&Tjg, ov% ovzcog ezeXei d/]n:ov cog oov ze ifiol doir} 
GZEQOtzo aal dXXa vfiir anoziGSisv ; AX)! oipai ei ididov, Em zovzop 
av ididov bnoog Sfiol dovg ^ieTov fit] d7zodoitj vpiv zb uXeiov. 17. El 
zoiwv ovzcog sysiv oieg&e, e^egziv v\iiv avzixa (idXa \iazalav zav- 
zrjv zt]v TTga^iv dpqiozEQOig tjfuv notijGai, idv TrodzzijzE avzbv za 
XQr ( paza. AH]Xov ydq ozi ZEvdijg, ei e%co zi naq avzov> dnani'iGEi 
[a,e, xal anaizriGEi (xevzoi dixaioog, sdv fir} ^E^aico zrjv nqa^iv avzco 
sq! rj EdooQodoxovv. 18. *AXXa noXXov fioi doy.oo 3eiv za vpszsoa 
e%eiv ' bpvvoo ydo v\uv &sovg anavzag xal naGag [/.yds a ejxoI Idiot 
vn&Gyszo ^Ev&rjg Eysiv ' ndqsGzi ds xul avzbg aal dxovoov avvoids 
[aoi ei imooxd). 19. Iva ds fxaXXov -davpdGrjzs, GWE7z6[ivv[Aii 
[a,7]8s a ol dXXoi Gzqazriyoi sXafiov slXtj^svai, pi} zoiwv fn]d' oGa 
zcov Xoyaycov svioi. 20. Kal zi dq zavia ettoiow ; v £i(fii]v, co 
avdoEg, OGcp fiaXXov Gvpyt'ooifii zovzqi zr ( v zozs nsviav, zogovzoo 
fiaXXov avzbv cptXov TioirjGEG&ai bnozs dvvaa&eit]. 3 Eyoo ds apa zs~ 
avzbv oqoo EVTiodzzovza, xa\ yiyvcoGxco drj avzov zrjv yvcopqv. 21 E'l- 
noi dl\ zig av ' Ovaovv aiGyvvi] ovzco ftooQcog i^a7zazco^Evog ; Nat 



LIB. VII. CAP. VI. 177 

fid Ala ri6%vv6firiv fievzoi, el vnb noXefilov ye ovzog elr]nazr\&r]v ' 
qtilqp $ bvzi e\anazav ahyiov fioi doxei ehai r> i%anazacr{rai. 
22. 'Enet. ei ye nqbg cpiXovg iazl cpvXaxr), naaav olda vfidg cpvXa<~a- 
pe'vovg cog fir) naQaa^eiv zovzq> nqocpaciv dixaiav fir) dnodidovai 
vfiiv a vneayezo ' ovze yaQ r)dix/]aafiev zovzov ovdev ovze xaze$Xa- 
xevaafiev zd zovzov ovxe firjv xazedeiXidaafiev ovdev icp o zi r)fiag 
ovzog naqexaXeaev. 23. "Alia, (palrjze dv, edei zd ivtjvqa tots 
XafieTv, cog firjde el ifiovXero idvvazo i^anazav. Ilohg zavza de 
dxovaaze a eyco ovx dv noze einov zovzov iravziov, el firj fioi navzd- 
ttcigiv dyvcofioveg idoxeize elvai r] Xt'av eig ifie a%doiGtoi. 24. 'Ava- 
fivrja&rjze yaQ iv noioig rial nqdyfiaaiv ovzeg ezvyy^dveze, *£ cov 
vfidg eyco dvtjyayov nqbg Zevd-rjv. Ovx eig fiev TleQiv&ov y el nqog- 
loize zy noXe;., 'AqiGzaQxog vfidg 6 Aaxedaifioviog ovx ei'a elgievat 
dnoxXeiaag rag nvXag, vnai&Qiot de e£co eazqazonedeveze, fiecog 
de 'leijA-cov r)v, dyoqa de ixQqa&e andvia fiev bqcovzeg zd covia, 
cndvia de eyovzeg ozcov covi'^eode ; 2d. "Avdyxrj de r]v fieveiv enl 
Oodxyg ' ZQirjQeig ydo icpOQfiovciai ixcoXvov dianXelv ' el de fievoi 
tig, iv noXefila elvai, ev&a 7iol7.cn fiev inneig tjcjav ivavzloi, noXXol 
de neXzacrzai. 26. ' Hfiiv de bnXizixbv per r\v co a&Qooi fiev lovzeg 
en), zdg xcofiag icicog dv idvvdfie&a gTzov Xatifidveiv ovdev zi dcp&o- 
vov ' ozcg de dicoxovzeg dv ?] dvdqdnoda rj nqoftaza xazeXafi^dvofiev 
ovx i\v tjfuv ' ovze yaQ innixbv ovze neXzaozixbv ezi eyco avveazrj- 
xbg xaze'Xafiov tzccq v[up. 27. El ovv iv zotavzy dvdyxrj ovzcov 
vpcov {ivfi bvzivaovv fiiadbv noocraiz/jcjag £ev&t]v GVfifta%ov v{uv 
7ZQ06f'Xafiov, ejovza xal inneag xal TzeXzacrzdg covvfieTg nQoaedeiafte, 
tj xaxcog dv edoxovv vpTv fitfiovXevG&ai ttqo vftcov ; 28. Tovzcov ydq 
drjfzov xoivcovtfoavzeg xal glzov dcp&ovcozeQov iv zalg xcofiaig ei'Qi- 
Gxeze did zb dvayxd^ea&ai zovg Oqaxag xazd GTZOvdtjv [idXlov 
cpevy eiv, xal nooftdzcov xal avdoanodcov paXXov \iezeayeze. 29. Kal 
noXefAiov ovxezi ovdeva ecoQcofjev irteidri zb innixbv rjfA.iv nqoaeyevezo ' 
zecog de tfaQcraXt'cog ?)fitv icpeinovzo oi noXeyiioi xal innixcp xal 
neXzaazixcp xcoXvovzeg [ttjdafiTj xaz bXiyovg dnoaxedavvvfxevovg 
id iniztjdeia dcp&ovcozeQa ij^dg noQi^ea&ai. 30. El de dr) 6 
GV[xnaQe%cov v(iiv zavzijv zr)v dacpdXeiav fir) ndvv noXvv iug&ov 
nqoaezeXei zrjg dacpaXeiag. zovzo dr) zb cyezXiov nad^r^a, xal 



178 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

$ia rovro ovda^TJ oieg&e ygfivai t,®>vra ifil idv slvai ; 31. Nvv ds 
dq ncog dnsgysG&s ; Oh diaysifiaGavrsg psv iv dcp&ovoig roig inu 
nftsioig, nsgirrbv $ eyovrsg rovro si 11 iXdfisrs nagd Jlev&ov ; 
Td ydg rcov noXs^icov idanavdrs. Kai ravra ngdrrovrsg ovrs dv- 
dgag insiders viacov avrcov ano&avovrag ovrs £covrag ans^dXsrs, 
32. El ds ti xaXbv ngbg rovg iv rrj ^Ag'ici (lagfidgovg ininqav.ro 
v\uv, ov xai ixsivo gcov sysrs xal ngbg ixsivoig vvv aXXrjv svxXstav 
ngoGEiX/jcpars xal rovg iv rf( Evgconr} Ogay.ag icp ovg iarQarevaaa-ds 
xgarr/Gavrsg ; 'Eyco psv vptkg cpypi dixaicog dv cov ipol yaXsnaivsrs 
rovrcov roig -freoig %d*Qiv sidivai cog dyad cov. 33. Kal rd \iev di] 
v^srsga roiavra. "Aysrs ds ngbg -Oscov xal rd ipd ayJxpaaOe cog 
eysi. 3 Eyco ydg ore [isv ngbrsgov dnr t oa oixads, sycov iisv snaivov 
noXvv ngbg v\icov dnsnogsvojAt-v, sycov ds di vpidg xal vnb rcov dXXcov 
*EXX?jvcov EvxXsiav ' iniarevo^v ds vnb Aaxsdai\iovicov ' ov ydg dv \is 
insfinov ndhv ngbg vpidg. 34. Nvv d' dnigyopai ngbg psv Aaxsdai- 
fiovlovg vcp v[A.cov dia^s^XrjfAEvog, Uevd-rj ds dn?jy{^t]fAsvog vnsg vficov, 
ov %Xm£ov sv noirfiag [istf vficov dnoargocpyv xal ifAolxaXqvxal nat- 
ch, siysvoivro, xarad?jGEG&ai. 5. f Tfisig 8 vnsg coy iyco dnrfl^r^ai 
re nXsiara y.al ravra noXv xgslrroGiv i^iavrov, ngayfiarevopsvog rs 
ovds vvv nco ninavyiai o ri dvvayiai dyadbv ifiiv, roiavrr\v sysrs 
yvco\ir\v nsg\ i^iov. 36. 'A XX sysrs \isv [is ovre cpsvyovra XaQovrsg 
ovrs dnodtdgdaxovra' r[V ds noiYjGijrE d Xsysrs, tors on dvdga 
xaraxsxavorsg egegOe noXXd (xsv dlj ngb vpcov dygvnvrjaavra, noX- 
Xd ds gvv vpTv novr^avra nal nivdvvsvGavra %cu iv rep pegst. xal 
nagd rb fisgog' dscov ds tXscov bvrcovxal rgonaia fiagfidgcovnoXld 
dt] avv vfiiv arriad^svov ' oncog ds ys iirfisvl rcov 'EX7J\vcov noXi\iioi 
ysvoia&E, nav oaov iyco idvvdfi?]v ngbg vpag diarsivdfisvov. 
37. Kal ydg ovv vvv vpiv s^sariv dvsniXijnrcog nogsvsaOai onrj dv 
s'XrjG&E kou Kara ytjv y,ai v.ard xldXarrav. c Tpstg ds, ore noXXrj 
v\uv svnogla cpalvsrai, xa) nXslre sv&a dtj ins&vfisXrE ndXcu, dsov- 
tai rs vficov ol iisyiarov dvvdjjisvoi, f-acr&bg ds cpalvErai, ^ysfxovsg ds 
ijxovai Aaxtdaijiovioi ol xgdnaroi vo[m£6{ievoi slvai, vvv drj xaigbg 
i'fiiv doxsi slvai cog rdyicrra ips xaraxaveiv ; 38. Ov firjv orsys iv 
roig dnogoig t^iev, co ndvrcov tivitfiovixcoraroi, dXXd xal nariga 
ifxs ixaXsirs xal asl cog svsgysrov f^s^vtjcj'&cii vmcyvEiG&E. Ov 



LIB. VII. CAP. VI. 179 

fisvToi dyvcofioveg ovd' ovzol eiciv ol vvv rjxovzeg ecp hfiag ' rngze, 
cog iyco oiftai, olds zovzoig doxetze fieXzioveg eivai zoiovzoi ovzeg 
neol tfts. Tovza elncbv enavaazo. 

39. XaQfAtvog de 6 Aaxedaiponog draazag eiTtev ovzcoai ' *AXt 
ipoi (Jiivzoi, co dvdoeg, ov dixaicog doxeize zcp dvdql zovzcp yaXenai- 
veiv ' eyco ydq xal avzog avzcp uaozvoijcjat* ^ev&r/g ydg eqcozcovzog 
ifiov xal IJoXvrixov 7teol Eerocpcovzog zig dvtjo effl dXXo \iev ovtiev 
eiye {A.8{i\pct(j&ai, dyav ol cpiXoazqazicozr^v tcpy avzov elvai * dio xai 
yeioov avzcp eivai Ttobg t)f.iav ze zcov Aaxedaijuovicov xai nqbg av- 
zov. 40. 'Avaazdg ml zovzcp EvqvXoxog Aov$idzr\g Agxag elne ' 
Kai SoxeT yd poi, dvdqeg Aaxedatponoi, zovzo vfxag nqcozov r/fxcov 
GZQazrjyqGui, naqd JEev&ov ijfiiv zbv [iiadov dvanqa^ai tj exovzog 
q axovzog, xal [ii] ttqotsqov i](iag dnayayeTv. 41. TloXvxqdzqg ds 
A&ipatog elnev dvacizdg imsq Stvocpcovzog ' ' Oqco ye [Ar/v, tcpy, co 
avSosg, xal 'HqaxXeidqv evzavda naqovza ' og naqaXa§cov zd 
iqriiiaza a tjjMtg ixovqcrcAfiev, zavza dnodofievog ovze 2Jev&y dm- 
dcoxev ovze jtfjuv zd yiyvopeva, dXt avzog xXexpag nenazai. *Hv 
ovv cJcocpgoreoftEv, e^6fied-a avzov ' ov ydq b\ ovzog ye } acpij, @qa% 
iaziv, dXXd. "EXXijv cov "EXXr^ag ddixeT. 

42. Tavza dxovaag 6 'HqaxXeiStjg [idXa eS,enXdyri ■ xai nqogeX- 
&cbv zcp JZev&rj Xt'yei ° 'H^mg tjv Gcocfqovcofxev, dm\iev evzev&ev ex 
zyg zovtcov imxqazeiag. Kai dvafidvzeg enl zovg Innovg Qyovzo 
dneXavvovzeg elg zo eavzav azqazo7iedov. 43. Kai evzevdev £ev- 
'd'rjg TZt'fiTiei A@Qo£eXfj.yv zov eavzov ioptjvea nqbg Eevocpcorza xal 
xeXevei avzov xazctfieivat naq eavzco 'iyovza yiXiovg bnXizag ' xal 
vmayvelxai avzco dnoocoaeiv zd ze ycoqla zd em daXdzzrj xalzdXXa 
a vnicyezo. Kai ev a7TOQQi]zcp 7zoi?]Gd ( uevog Xiyei ozi dxiqxoe TLo- 
Xvvixov cog el imoyelqiog eazai AaxeSaiuLOvioig, aaqicog dno&a- 
roizo VTih Qifiowtog. 44 *F*7isgzeXXov de zavza xal dXXoi noXXol 
zcp Eevocpcovzi cog diafiefiXrifterog elr\ xal cpvXdzzea&ai deoi. l O cf 
dxovcov zavza dvo teoeia Xaficbv e&ve zcp Ad zcp ^aatXeT nozeqd 
ol Xcpov xal dfuivov eirj fitveiv naqd £ev&y ecp oig ^evfiqg Xiyei q 
dmevat gvp toj azoazevfiazi. ^AvaiqeX de avzcp dmivai. 



180 EXPEDITIO CYRI, 



CAP. VII. 
« 

1. 'Evzev&ev 2sv&ijg [asv dnEGZQazo7iE8EVGazo ttqogcozeqco ' 
ot 8s "EXXrjvsg EGxtjvqGav slg xcofiag o&tv EfisXXov nXslGza etziglzi- 
cdfiEvoi im ftdXazzav rfesiv. yil 8s xcofiai avzai ijaav 8e8o[a.£'vui, 
vnb £ev&ov Mqdooddri. 2. € Oqcov ovv 6 MydoGcLdijg 8a7zavc6[A,sva zd 
iavzov iv zalg xcofiaig vnb zcov 'EXXqvcov ^aXsncog ectjeqe ' xal Xaficov 
av8qa ' 08qvg?]v 8vvazcozazov zcov dvco-&sv xaza^E^y.ozcov y,a) in- 
niag ogov zotdxovza £Q%ezai xal nooxaXsizai Zsvoycovza ix zov 
t EXXt]vixov Gzgazsvfiazog. Kai bg Xaftcov zivag zcov Xo%aycov xai 
aXXovg zcov imzrfisicov nqogsqyEzau 3. "EvOa 8q Xsysi MrfioGddtjg * 
'AdwsTze, co Asvocpcov, rag r t fiEzsqag xcopag noqSovvzsg. TlqoXsyo- 
fjiev ovv Vfj.iv, iyco zs vnsq £ev&ov xai ode 6 dvijq naqd Mqdoxov- 
Tjxcov zov dvco paGiXscog, dnisvai ix zrjg %c6qag ' ei 8s p/, ova inizqs- 
ipOfiEV vfxiv, dXX iav TTOLjjze xaxcog z\v r^Eztqav %c6qav, cog noXe- 
fxtovg dXs^rjGopE&a. 

4. '0 ds Esvocpcov dxovGag zavza sinsv ' 'Alia go), psv zoiav- 
ia Xsyovzi xai dnoxqivaG&at ^aXsnov ' zovds 8s svsxa zov veuvl- 

GXOV Xt^OD, IV ElSfj, OlOl ZE VflEig EGZE XUl 0101 fjfA.Eig. 5. 'HflEtg [ASV 

ydq, tcpi], nqiv v(aiv cpiXoi ysvEG&ai inooEvofiEda 8td zavzn\g zijg 
Xcoqcig onoi EpovXofis&a, ?jv {ilv e&e'Xoi[*ev noq&ovvzsg, i]v 5' itiiXoi- 
fjiEv xaiovzsg. 6. Kai gv otioze nqbg qf-iag sX&oig nqsGfisvcov, qvXi- 
t,ov zoze naq ijfilv ov8tva cpcfiovfisvog zcov noXsfjiicov. 'Tfxtig 8s ova 
r(ZE slg zi\v8s zrjv %oiQav, i] ei nozs eX#oize cog iv xqeizzovcov yuQCi 
yvXi&G&e iyy>E%aXivcofAE'votg zoig Innoig. 7. 'Etzei 8s i]\uv cfilot 
zysvEG&E xal 8i rtfwg gvv &soTg s^eze z?]v8e t?jv x c *Q ttv > v ^ v fy t? b£- 
lavvEZE rjfxdg ex zijg8e zyg%ojQag ?]v tioiq ?)fiojv r/6vzcov xcczd xodzog 
naQEXdptzE' cog ydq avzbg oIg&o., ol TzoXs'fiioi ov% ixavol JjGav 
rjfidg e^eXclvveiv. 8. Kcu oi>% oncog 8cooa dovgxal ev noir^ag avff 
cbv ev £7za&£g d^ioig r^dg a7i07iE}ji\paG^ai, dXX dnonoQcVOfiErovg 
7]{A.dg ovcf ivavXiG&TJvai ogov Svvccgcu smzosTiEig. 9. Kai zavza 
Xsycop ovze >&£ovg aiGvvvri ovze zov8e zov dv8qa, og vvv fisv ge bqa 
nXovzovvza, ttqIv 8s r^uv yiXov ysvsG&ai anb XijGzsiag zbv §iov 
fyovza, cog avzbg EcpTjG&a . 10. 'Azdo zi y.a\ nqbg ipe Xs'yeig zav- 



LIB. VII. CAP. VII. 181 

ta ; sept] ' ov ydg syooy hi dqyoo, aXXd AaxEdaifxovioi, oig vfietg na- 
gsdooxazE zh Gzqdz£v\ia anayayuv ovdsv Efxs naqaxaXEGavzEg, 00 
fi-avfiaazoTCLTOi, onoog wgnEQ a7T?]y&av6fi^v avzolg oze nqog Vfiag 
yyov, ovzoo xal yaqiGai\ir\v vvv anodidovg. 

11. ' EtzeI ds zavza '^xovgev 6 ' OdQVGtjg, siJtev ' 'Eyoj filv, (o 
MqdoGadsg, xazd zrjg yr\g xazadvopai vnh z?jg aiGyvvrjg dxovoov 
zavza. Kal si [tsv tiqog&ev tjTTiGzdfitjv, ot<5' dv Gvv^xoXov&^Ga goi ' 
xal vvv artEifii* ovds ydq dv Mf t doxog pa 6 ^aGiXsvg STtaivoiri, el 
i^sXavvoifu zovg EvsQyszag. 12. Tarn eItzoov avaftdg inl zhv 'iit- 
nov dnr^XavvE xal gvv avzcp ol aXkoi Inntlg nX)]v zEzzaqoov rj tzevze. 
r 08 JMrjdoaddfjg, iXvjzsi ydq avzhv a} yoiqa noq&oviiEvt] exe'Xeve zhv 
AEvoqwvza xaXsGai zoo AaxEdaipioovico. 13. Kal og Xaftmv zovg 
imzTjdEiozdzovg nQogrjX&s zoo Xaqpivo? xal IIoXvvixcp xal sXe- 
<;£v ozi xaXsl avzovg MrfioGadijg 7zqoeqojv vltzeq aiz(p, aniivai ix 
zrjg ywqag. 14. Oifiai av ovv, Eoprj, vfiag anoXa$£lv zy Gzqazic) 
zhv ocptilofXEvov [MG&bv, ei ttnoizE ozi dedsijzai vpcov fj Gzqazid 
Gvvavanqa^ai zhv [AiG&bv ?} naqd sxovzog ij naqd dxovzog 2ev&ov ' 
xal ozi zovzeov zvyovisg Tzqo&vfimg dv GvvinEG&ai vfuv (paGi ' xal 
ozi dixaia v\xlv doxovGi Xtysiv ' xal ozi VTiEGysa^s avzolg zozs dni- 
ivai bzav zd dixaia sycoGiv 01 Gzqaziazai. 15. 'AxovGavzsg 01 
Adxwvsg zavza scpaGav iqelv xal dXXa bnola dv dvvoovzai xqdzi- 
Gza " xal £v-&vg snoqsvovzo tyovzsg ndvzag zovg smxaiqiovg. 'EX- 
#a>f d 3 sXs^s Xaqpivog ' El [asv gv zi sjsig, oo MtjdoGadsg, nqbg fydg 
Xsyuv ■ et ds [A.rj, Tjfxblg nobg gs EyofiEv. 16. c os M?]doGd8i]g fid- 
la dtj vcpziue'vcog ' 'AXX iyoo ph Xtyia, k'cpi], xal JLEv&rjg zd aizd, ozi 
a^iovpEv zovg yiXovg rifxiv y£ysvr<[ASvovg fir] xaxcog naG'/Eiv v<$ vpoov ' 
zi yaq av zovzovg xaxcog noir/ZE r^xag i]Or\ ttoieize ' tkiezeqoi yag 
eIgiv. 17. Huug zolvvv, sqaGav ol Adx(ov£g, amoifiev dv otioze 
zhv (UG&bv EyoiEv 01 zavza vfxtv xazanqd\avz£g * ei ol \ir\, loyoyiE- 
&a (U£V xal vvv ^07]d-iJG0vz£g zovzoig xal zi^odQ^Go^Evoi dvdoag ol 
zovzovg naod zovg oqxovg rjdixr^av ' rjv ds 8)) xal vfiEig zoiovzoi 
yzs, ivOtvds aQ%6{i£&a zd dixaia Xafip&veiv. 18. '0 ds AEVQtywv 
sinEv ' 'E&s'Xoizs 5' dv zovzoig, ol MydoGadsg, ImzQsipai, ETTEtdi) 
CfiXovg ECfazE Eivai v[uv, iv oov zfj yooqa eg^isv, onozsqa dv -iprjcpiGmv- 
zai si'tf vuag aoogrjxEv ix zrg yoooag amivai ddr rjfiag ; 19. ' O ds 
ravza usv ovx eopt] ' ixsXeve ds \idXiGza [isv avzoo zd) Adxoovs 

16 



182 EXPEDITIOCYRI. 

iX&Eiv nana £ev&qv 7Zeq\ zov fitG&ov, xcu oieg&cu dv ^ev&ijv nu* 
Gat' side fir h EEvoycovza gvv ahzop nifiriEiv, xal GVfingd^Eiv imi- 
GyyEizo . idsizo dv zdg xcofiag fir) xaiEiv. 20. 'Evzev&ev nifinovGt 
AEvocpavza xal ovv avzcp ol idoxow intzrjdEiozazot eivai. ' $ 
iXddrv XiyEt TTQog Eev&v^v ' 

21. Ovdtv dnaizrjGcov, w Zev&t], ndqEifit dXXd didd^cov fy? 
duvcofiai ag ov dixaicog ixot fydta&rjg ozt into ztov Grpaztcozmv 
anr(iovv ge a TTQO&vficog vueg^ov avzoXg ' goI ydq 'iytoyE oi>% rjzzov 
ivofiiQov GVficpigov Eirai dnodovvat r) ixsivotg dnoXapEiv. 22. Tlaa- 
zov psv ydq oloa fiszd zovg &tovg Eig zb cpavEoov ge zovzovg xaza- 
Gz/]Gavzag> inst yE fiaGikia ge inolrjGav noXXrjg x^Q a ^ *<*' noXXcov 
av&QOJTZcov ' oogzs ovi o'wv zi goi XavddvEiv ovze r]v zi xaXbv ovzs 
ijv zi aiGXQbv noiiqG^g. 23. Toiovzop $ ovit dvdol fiiya fiiv fiot 
idoxEt Eivai ft?] doxsiv a%a.QiGZ(X)g a7ionifi\pa.G&at drdoag svEpyizag f 
fiiya $ ev axovEiv vnb E^aaigplimv dv&ooonwv ' zb ds fiiyiGzov 
firjdaficog dniGzov Gavzbv xazaGzt]Gat o zi Xiyoig. 24. e Oqco ydo 
z(ov i-iEV dniGztov fiazalovg xai ddwdzovg xal dzifiovg zovg Xoyovg 
nXavoofiivovg ' ol 5' dv yavEooi coGtv aXrj&Eiav aGxovvzsg, zovzmv 
ol Xoyoi, r)v zi dicovzat, ovdh fiEiov ovvavzat dvvGaG&ai r) aXXcov 
?] §ia' r)v zi zivag Gooyoovi&iv fiovXcovzcu, yiyraGxco zdg zovzwv 
dnEiXag oi>% ijzzov Gcoyoovi^ovGag ?} dXXeov zb rfirj xoXd&W yv zi 
zcp zi vniGyvwvzat ol zoiovzoi drdoEg, ovdsv [a.eiov dtangdzzovzat 
7] ctXXoi 7TaQayQt{[ia didovzsg. 2b. 3 ydra(A,v?]G&r]zi ds xcu gv zl tzqo- 
TsXiGag i)(.uv Gvupdyovg fyctg iXafitg. Olotf ozt ovSiv ' dXXcc 
mGZEV&slg dXri&EVGEiv a 'iXsysg inrjoag zoGovzovg av&Qfonovg 
GVGZQazEVGUG&ai VExcu GvyxazEQydGaG&ai goi doxyv ov zQiaxovza 
fiovov d^ictv zaXdvzcov, ova oiovzcu dsTv ovzoi vvv dnoXa^Eiv, aXXcc 
7ioXXa7zXaGicov. 26. Ovxovv zovzo (jlsv nqCnov zb niGZEVEGdai gs 
zb xal z\v fiaGiXEi'av goi xazEoyaGdjusror zovzoav zav iQr^dzav 
vnb gov TZiTTQaGXEtai. 27, "Mi dy dvcciAvrjG&tizi nag fiiya rjyov zo- 
zs xazanodZaG&at a vvv xaraGZQExpdiiEvog 'iyEig. 'Eya ph ev old' 
on ev%g) dv za vvv TiEnoaytdva paXXov Got xazanQax&TJvai ? noX- 
XanXaGiu. zovzasv zav xgqpdzcov yEviG&ai. 28. 'Epol zotwv fist- 
t,ov pXdfiog xai aiGXiov ooxeI Eivat zb zavza vvv fir] xazaGXEiv r) 
zoze fir) Xa@Eiv, oGcortEQ xttXE7T(6zsQ0v ix nXovGiov nivr]za ysviG&at 
§ zr)v aQXV v vh nXovzrJGat ' hou ogc& Xvttvqozeqov in fiaGiXzwg tdtao- 



LIB. VII. CAP. VII. 183 

zvri qtavrjvai tj doy^v py fiaciXsvcai. 29. Ovxovv miaracai plv 
ozi ol vvv aoi vnryxooi ysvopLsvoi ov qiiXia zy arj Insicdr^av vnb 
6ov dqyscdai dXX' avdyxrj • xal ozi imysiqoTsv dv ndXiv iXsv&Eqoi 
ytyiE6&ai, si [vq zig avzovg cpoftog xaztyoi. 30. FLozeqcog ovv oi'ei 
fidXXov dv yofisicdai zs avzovg xal cfoovsiv zd nqbg 6s, si oqcpsv 
6oi zovg 6zqazic6zag ovzco Siaxsipsvovg cog vvv zs \isvovzag dv si 6V 
xsXsvoig, av&ig z av zayv iX&ovzag si 8eoi, aXXovg zs zovzcov nsqi 
60v dxovovzag noXXd dya&a zayv av 60i bnozs fiovXoio naqaysvs- 
c&ai' ?} el y.azadG^chsiav f.ujze av alio eg aoi eX&eiv dS dmcziav 
ix zcov vvv ysyEvrjUs'vcov zovzovg ze avzolg Evvovczs'qovg sivai ri 60i ' ; 
31. "AXXd p\v ovoev nXrj&si ys v t \icov Xsicp&Evzsg vnsitdv cqi, al- 
ia nqoczazcov dnoqia. Ovxovv vvv y.al zovzo xiv8vvog fxij Xd§co6i 
77Q06rdzag avzcov ztvag zovzcov ol vo\xiXov6iv vno 60i> d8txsi6&ai y 
tj y.al zovzcov xqsizzovag zovg slaxESa^uoviovg, sav ol f*ev czqazico- 
zai vnicyvcovzca nqodvuozsqov avzolg 6V6zqazsvscdca, av zd, 
naqd 6ov vvv avanqd%co6iv, ol 8s Aaxs8ai[iovioi dice zb dsi6&ai 
zt t g 6zqazidg 6vvaivt6co6iv avzolg zavza. 32. Ozi ys f.ir t v ol vno 
6o\ Qqaxsg ysvousvoi noXv av nqodvuozsqov ioiev sni 68 i] 6vv 
col ovx cidtjXoV cov f-isv ydq xqazovvzog 8ovXsia vndqysi av- 
zolg ' xqazovfisvov 8s 60v sXsv&sqia. 33. El 8s xal zr-g ycoqag 
nqovoslc&ai tjdq zi 8sl cog cljg ovaijg, nozsqcog av oisi ana^rj xaxcov 
fxdXXov avztjv sivai si ovzoi ol 6zqazicozai dnoXafiovzsg a syxaXov- 
c iv siqqvqr xazaXinovzsg oryoivzo, rj el ovzoi zs [ie'voiev cog iv no- 
Xs\iia 6v zs ciXXovg nsiqmo nlsiovag zovzcov sycov dvzi6zqazons8sv- 
ec&ai 8sousvovg zcov Enizrfisicov ; 34. 'Aoyvqiov 8s nozsqcog av 
nXslov dvaXcod'Ei}], si zovzoig zb ocfEiXopevov dno8odsir l , ij si zavzd 
zs oqisiloizo aXXovg zs y.qsizzovag zovzcov 8t'oi 6S {Ai6\)'ov6&ai ; 
35. 'AXXd ydq 'HqaxXsiSy, cog nqbg if,is i8/ t Xov, ndiinoXv 8oxsi zov- 
zo zb dqyvqiov sivai. 7 H \i\v noXv ys S6ziv sXazzov vvv 60i xal 
XaQslv zovzo xal dno8ovvai, tj nqlv rjfxdg eX&eiv nqog 6s, zb 8sxa~ 
zov zovzov fis'qog. 36. Ov ydq dqi&fxog E6Ziv b bql^cov zb noXv 
xal zb oXiyov, dX)! t\ 8vva\iig zov zs dno8i8ovzog xai zov Xa^dvov- 
zog. JSol 8s vvv 7] xaz svtavzbv nqogo8og nXsicov S6zai rj E{inqo6\}Ev 
zd naqovza a sxsxzr\60. 37. 'Eyco (jsv, co JSsv&i], zavza cog giXov 
ovzog 60v aqosvoovpriv, oncog cv zs a^iog 8oxoiijg shai cov ol dsoi 



184 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

goi edcoxav dya&cov iyco ze firj diacp&aQeirjv iv zy azqazia. 38. JEv 
yaQ ia&i bzi vvv iyco ovz av i%&Qov ftovXofievog xaxcog ttoitjgcu 
d rrjx^eirjv gvv zavzrj zy GZQazia ovz av ei' goi ndXiv ^ovXoifirjv 
§ui]dtjaa(, ixavbg av yevoifirjv. Ovzco yaQ tiqoq fie r\ GZQazia oid- 
xeizai. 39. Kaizoi avzov as (idozvQa gvv d-eoig eidoGi noiovfiai 
on ovze e%co TzccQa gov em zoig ozqazicozaig ovdev ovze 7^zi i Gcc 
numoze eig zo idiov zee ixEivcov ovze a v7zeg%ov fioi aTt^zijGcc, 
40. "Ofivvfii de goi [lycf anodidovzog dQaG&ai av, ei firj xal ol 
Gzqazicozai efieXXov za eavzeov GwanoXafi^dveiv. AIgiqov yaQ 
l\v za fiev ifid diane^d-frfi-ai, za de exeivcov tieqi ideiv ifie xaxcog 
fyovza dXXcog ze xalzificofievovvn exeivcov. 41. Kaizoi 'Hoaxlei- 
dfl ye Xi]Qog ndvza doxei elvai nqbg zo doyvqiov e%eiv ex navzbg 
ZQonov ' iyco de, co JLev&rj, ovdev vofiiQco dvdql dXXcog ze xal 
dq'fpvzi xdXXiov elvai xzr t fia ovde XafinQozeQOV aQezijg xal dixai- 
OGvvyg xal yevvaiozqzog. 42. 'O yaQ zavza t%cov nXovzei fiev 
bvzcov cpiXcov noXXcov, nXovzeide xal dXXcov ftovXofievcov yeveG&ai ' xal 
ev fiev Ttqdzzcav e%ei zovg Gvv?]G&i]GOfievovg, eav de zi GCfaXy, ov 
cnaviQei zcov ^otj'&tjgovzcov. 43. AXXd yaq el fnqze ex zcov iucov 
eQycov xare'fia&eg ozi goi ex zyg ipv%fjg qiiXog qv, firjze ex zcov ificov 
Xoycov dvvaGai zovzo yvcovai, dXXd zovg zcov Gzoazicozcov Xoyovg 
'jidvzcog xazavorjGov ' naQjJG&a yaQ xal qxoveg, a eXeyov ol tye'yeiv 
ifie fiovXofievoi. 44. Kazr^yoQovv yaQ fiov nQog Aaxedaifiovi- 
ovg cog Ge neel nXeiovog noioifiriy ?} Aaxedaifioviovg ' avzol 6' 
evexdXovv ifiol cog fidXXov fieXoi fioi oncog za cd xaXcog e%ot rj b- 
ncog za eavzeov ' ecpaGav de t ue xai dcoQa e%eiv naqa gov. 45. Kaizoi 
za dcoQa zavza nozeQOv oiei avzovg xaxovoid.v ziva evidovzag poi 
TtQog Ge alziaG-iJai fie e%eiv naya gov ?} TTQO&Vfilav noXXijv tteqI Ge 
xazavo/'JGavzag ; 46. 'Eycb fiev olfiai ndvzag dv&Qconovg vofxi^eiv 
evvoiav oeiv dnoxeiG&ai zovzco naq ov av dcogd zig Xapfidvri. 2v 
dh nnlv fiev vm]Qez?J6ai zi goi efie edt^co fjde'cog xai ofifiaGi xal 
cpcovri xal %evioig xai oca eGOizo vniGyyovfievog ovx evenifinXaGO ' 
enel oe xazinqa^ag a efiovXov xal yeye'vqGai ogov iyco eovvdfir[v 
fieyiGtog, vvv ovzco fie azifiov bvza ev zoXg Gzqazicozaig zoXfiag ne- 
QiOQav ; 47. ^AXXd fir^v on goi do^ei anodovvai niGzevco xal zbv 
Iqovov didd^eiv Ge xal avzov ye ge ov%i dve%ea&ai zovg goI TtQoefie- 



LIB. VII. CAP. VII. 185 

vovg EvsqyEGiav bqcovzd goi syy.aXovvzag. A(o\iuli ovv gov, ozat 
U7Zo8i8cpg, 7TQodvu£Ta&ca ifjis naqd zoig Gzqazicozatg zoiovzov ttol- 
jjtiai oioi'TZtQ hcu TZagsXajlsg. 

48. AxovGag zavza 6 jLev&ijg xazi]qaGazo zo~> alzicp zov ut] 
ndXai dno8t8iG&ai zov piadcv ' xal ndvzsg ' HoaxXeidyv zovzov 
vnconzEVGav slvai' % Eyw yaq, eyi], ovzs dievo/j'&rjV nionozs dnoGzs- 
qJ-gch aTTodojoco ze. 49. ^Evzev&ev ndXiv eItiev 6 Esvocpwv. 'Ensi 
zo'ivvv diavoft a7Zo8i86vaivvv ym gov 8iofica 8i' ipgv dnoSiSovai, 
not ftij 7Z£Qiidkiv vle did os dvouoi'ojg syovza Iv zfj Gzqazia vvv ze 
y.al ore KQog gs d,<jpix6ps&a. 50. '0 cf tinsv ' AXXd ovzs zoig 
Gzqazicozaig sg\j 8i' ips dzifiozsoog ' dv zs /nsvijg ttclq spot ytXiovg 
(Aoiovg bnXizag sycov, iyco goi zd ze ycoqta drzoScoGco xal zdXXa a 
vTZEG'/oprjv. 51. c O 8s ndXiv sins' Tavza (jlsv sysiv ovzcog ovy oiov 
ze ' dnonE\i7iE 8s r^idg. Km fxtjv, scfrj 6 Jisvdrjg, xal dGqiaXsGzs- 
qov js goi ol8a ov naq iftol [AEvEiv w dmivai. 52. c 8s ndXiv 
sinsv ' AXXd ttjv \ih> g)]v nqovoiav iaaivco • siio). ds \isvsiv ovy 
oiov ze ' O7T0V 8' dv iyat ivziuozsqog co, vopi^s xal goI zovzo dya- 

-dbv EGEG&ai. 53. "EvZEV&SV XtyEl ^Evd-qg' 'AqyvqiOV [ASV ovx syco 

dXX ij (Aiy.oov zi, yea zovzo goi 8i8co{it, zdlavzov ' fiovg 8* stay.oGi- 
ovg y.al nqofiaza Eig ZEzqay.igyjXia xal dv8qa7io8a sig sixogj y.al 
ixazov. Tavza Xaficov xai zovg zcov dSixijGavzcov ge ofi/joovg 
nqogXaficov dmfti. 54. FtXaGag 6 Eevoyav eitzev ' *Hv ovv \ir\ 
iztxvtjzai. zavza tig zbv mG&bv, zivog zdlavzov qtjGG) ey£(i> ; ^Aq 
ovx, i7TEi8t] xal E7TiyJv8vv6v (lOiBGziv, aniovza ys d\xEivov cpv).dzzEGd~ai 
TzszQovg ; "Ilxovsg 8s zdg aTzsildg. Toze fxsv 8rj avzov elusive. 

55. Tfj 8' vGzsoaia aTzs'Scoxd zs avzoTg a vnsGyszo y.al zovg 
zavza ilaGorzag Gvvs7ze[A.ip8v. 01 8s Gzqaziwzai zt'oog [isv slsyov 
(og AEvocfcov oryoizo cog 2Jevfrijv olx/jgcov xul a vnsGyszo avzqj dno- 
Xr^oiisvog ' in si 8s avzov ?jxovza si8ov, jJG'&^Gav zs xal noogt&Eov. 

56. IzEvoqcov 8* stzeI ei8e XaQfxivov ze xal Ilolvny.ov, Tavza, Ecfrj, 
y.al GEGWGzai Si' vfxdg zrj Gzoaziu v.ai 7zaQa8i8<x) t ui avzd syco vpiv ' 
vfisig 8s 8ia$E(iEvoi 8id8ozs zfi Gzqazia. 01 \isv ovv naqalafiovzEg 
y.al XaopvQorzcoXag y.azaGz/jGavzsg sncolovv, y.al noXXr\v slyov alzlav. 

57. tzsvocfOdv 8s ov TiQogrfii, dXXd cpavegbg rjv oixa8s naQaGXEva^o- 
psvog ' ov ydq tzco tpJjcfog avzcp inr^xzo 'Ad-fyrfii nsql qjvyTjg. Ilqog- 

16* 



186 EXPEDITIOCYRI. 

eX&ovzEg ds avzcp ol imrydeioi iv zcp Gzgazoniocp idsovro firj arteX- 
tisiv nglv dv dnaydyoi zb Gzqdzsvfia xal 0i§gcovi Tzaqadofy. 



I C A P. V 1 1 1. 

1. 'EvzevOev biinlevaav stg Adfixpaxov ' xal dnavza zcp Eavo- 
(pcovzi EvxXsidrjg \idvzig &Xidoiog KXsayogov vibg zov zd ivvnvw. 
iv Avxsicp yEygacpozog. Ovzog GvvrfiEzo zcp AEvocpcovzi ozi iaiaoa' 
gzo ' xal rjgcoza avzbv tzogov %gvm6v e%oi. 2. '0 5' avzqj mopo- 
Gag Einsv r\ fiTjv sgeg&cu /nrjcf icfodiov Ixavbv o'ixaoe dmovzi, el fjirj 
dnoooizo zov Innov xal a a^cpl avzbv eIjev. 3. '0 £' avzcp ova 
iniGzevEv. 'EtzeI d' sm-fixpav Aaiixpaxijvol %svia zcp SzEvocpcovzi xal 
s&vs zcp "AnoXXcovi, TtaQsazyaazo zov EvxXsioqv ' idcov ds zd iegsTa 6 
EvxXeidtjg eIttev ozi ttei&oizo avzcp ^itj elvai igr^iaza. 'AXX olda 
sqiij t ozi xdv fAe'XXrj note £G£G&ai, cpaivezai zi ipnodiov, iav firfilv 
alio, gv Gavzcp. £vvco[ioX6y£i zavza 6 Aevocpmv. 4. '0 5' elnev • 
3 E/modiog ydg goi 6 Zsvg 6 Msilfyiog Igzi ' xal inqoEzo el rjdr] no- 
zs &vG£i£v, cognsg oixoi, ecprj, eicq&eiv iyco v[uv &v£G&ai xal bXoxav- 

ZElV. '0 ds OVX ECflJ 8% OZOV d/tsdl]fA1]G£ ZE&VXs'vai ZOVZCp ZCp d~£Cp, 
JlvVEJUovXeVGEV OVV aVZCp &V£G&ai [k«J] a EIQ3&EI, Xa) 8(pt] GVVOIGEIV 

em zb fitXziov. 5. Tjj 5' vGZEqaia 6 Esvocpcov ttqoeX&cov Eig 'Ocpqv- 
viov 8&V8ZO xai coXoxavzEi yoigovg zcp nazgicp vofxcp ' xal ixaX- 
Xis'gEi. 6. Kal zavzrj zq rjf^iga dquxvuzai Bizcov xal d\ia EvxXsi- 
dqg yo?][iaza dcoGovzsg zcp GzqazEVfiazf xal ^Evovvzai ze zcp 
AEVocpcovzt xal Innov ov iv Aapipdxcp dnsdozo Tzsvzijxovza daoEixcov, 
vnonzEvovzEg avzbv §i Evdstav TiETiqaxEvai, ozi fjxovov avzbv ijfiEG&ai 
•zcp Inncp, XvGa(A,£voi dnt'doGav xal zrjv zifiyv ovx ij&eXov anoXa$£Tv. 

7. 'Evzev&ev inooEvovzo did z?jg Tocpddog, xal imEofiavzEg zrjv 
"idrjv £ig "Avzavhqov dcpixvovvzai ttqcozov ' Eiza naqa ftdXazzav 
noQEvo^Evot ztjg Avdi'ag elg Ot'jfiyg tteolov. 8. 'Evzev&ev di Azga- 
fxvzziov xai Keqzcqvov nag Azagvia elg Katxov tzeSiov iX&ovzeg 
nigyafiov xazaXafifidvovGi zijg MvGiag. 

'Evzav&a dt] ^Evolzai Ssvocpcov nag 'EXXddi zy royyvXov zov 
'EgEzgdcag yvvaixl xai Eogyicovog xai FoyyvXov \ir\zgL 9. A.vzi^ 
8 avzcp qgd'QEi ozi 'AGiddzqg eGtiv iv zcp nEOicp dvrjg TligGrig ' zov- 
zov Ecprt avzbv, ei eX&oi z?jg vvxzbg gvv zgtaxoGioig dvdgaGi, Xa^Eiv 



LIB. VII. CAP. VIII. 187 

dv xal avzbv xal yvvaixa xal naldag xat zd yqtffiaza ' slvat de 
nolld. Tavza ds xa&tiyqaofisvovg tnepxfje zov zs avzijg dveipibv xal 
Jacpvayoqav, ov nsql nlslazov snotsizo. 10. "Eycov ovv 6 Ezvo- 
wap zovzovg tzaq savzcp s&veto. Kal Bacriag 6 'Hleiog \idvztg 
naqcov H7TEV ozt xdlhaza s'lrj zd ieoa avzcp xat 6 avijq dlcoai^og 
ti'tj. 11. Aunvrpag ovv snoqsvszo zovg ze loyayovg zovg (Jidltaza 
yilovg laficov xal mczovg yeyv^jAsvovg did navzbg, oncog ev Tzoirjaai 
avzovg. ^vvs^sqyovzat ds avzaj xal allot fiiaadfxevot elg s<*axo- 
alovg ' ol ds loyayol dmjlavvov, ha fiTj pszadoisv zb peqog, cog 
izoipcov dy ZQijfidzcov. 

12. 'Ensl ds dcptxovzo ttsqI jxsaag vvxzag, zd \isv nsqiS, ovza 
dvdQunoda zrjg zvqatog xal yqvuaza zd nlslaza dnidqa avzovg 
naqafislovvzag, cog zbv 'slaiddzrjv avzbv lafiotev xal zd ixei'vov- 
13. Ilvqyof.iayovvzsg if Insl ovv. idvvavzo lafieXv zqv zvqmv, v\pt]lij 
ydq r t v xal peydl?] y,a\ nqopayecovag xal dvdqag nollovg xal fia- 
%liJiovg syovaa, dtoqvzzeiv S7isyuqr\aav zbvnvqyov. 14. '0 ds zoXyog 
i\v inl oxzcb nliv&cov yrfivcov zb svqog. °A\ia ds zy fys'qa, dioqco- 
qvxzo ' nal cog zb Tiqcozov disqdvn, sndza%sv svdodsv fiovnoqcp zig 
bfieliGxcp diaftneqsg zbv fjtrjqbv zov iyyvzdzco ' zb ds lotnbv ixzo- 
'gevovzsg snoiovv fxqds naqisvat szt dacpalsg slvat. 15. Ksxqayo- 
zcov 5' avzcov xal nvqosvovzcov sxfioTj&owtv 'Izafie'liog {isv sycov zijv 
tavzov dvvaiir t v, ix Koyiaviag ds bnlXzat 'Accvqioi xal ' Tqxdviot 
Innug y.al ovzot fiaailscog fiia&ocpoqot cog bydofjxovza, xal allot 
TTslzaazal elg bxzaxootovg ' allot t¥ ix Ilaq&svtov, allot $ i§ 
^Anollcoviag xal ix zcov 7tIt]giov ycoqicov xal InnsXg. 

16. 'Evzav&a drj coqa tjv cxonslv ncog sazat rj dcpodog ' xal la- 
fiovzsg 0601 rfiav §6eg xal nqo$aza r t lavvov xal zd dvdqa7Zoda iv- 
zbg nlatalov 7iotr i ad{.isvot ' ov zoig yqi]\iaatv ovzco nqogs'iovrsg zbv 
vovv, alia f^t] qivyt] si'rj tj dopodog, u xazaltnovzsg zd yqr^aza 
(Mioisv, xal ol re nols'/MOt ^qaavzsqot siev xal ol azqaztcozat d&v- 
[Aozs'qof vvv ds aTi^scav cog nsql zcov yqrjfidzcov \iayov\isvot. 
17. 'EttsI ds scoqa royyvlog bllyovg fisv zovg "Ellqvag, 7zollovg ds 
zovg smxsifLSvovg, stsqyszat xal avzbg ftia zqg firjzqbg 'iycov zijv 
iavzov dvva/mv, fiovlofxsvog \isza<3yslv zov sqyov ' cvvsfioij&si ds xal 
ITqoxlijg i% Altadqvrjg xal Tsv&qaviag 6 anb Aa\iaqdzov. 18. Ol 
gs nsqi Asvocpcovza insi ndvv rjdq intst.ovzo vnb zcov zo^svfidzcov 






188 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

nal Gcpevdovcov, noqEvofisvoi nvnXoi, onwg zd onXa syoizv nqb zwv 
zo^£V{A.dzcov, fioXig diafiaivovGi zbv Kdl'nov nozapbv, zszqwpsvoi 
iyyvg ol ijpiGEig. 19. 'Evzav&a nai 'AyaGiag ^zv^icpaXiog Xo%aybg 
ziiQCQoy.szai, zbv ndvza %qovov payopEvog nqbg zovg 7ZoXsfA.iovg t 
Kal dia.G(o£ovzai dvdqdnooa cog dianoGia tyovzeg nal nqo^aza 
ogov ftvpaza. 

20. T~t] ds vGzsqaia -dvaupevog 6 Asvoyav i^dysi vvnzooq nav 
zb Gzqdzsvpa, 07zaig ozi fianqozdzqv eX&oi z?jg Avdiag, oogzs fxrj 
did zb iyyvg slvai cpo^siG&ai, aXX dcpvXanzsiv. 21. 'Off 'Acidd- 
zr\g dnowag ozi ndXiv sri avzbv zs&v[isvog eitj Eevowqov nal navti 
zq? Gzqazsvfiazi rfeoi, i^avXi^szai elg nmfiag vnb zb Ilaqxtsviov 
n6XiG\ia i%ovGag. 22. 'Evzav&a ol nsql xsvocpcovza Gvvzvy%dvov- 
giv avzcjj nai Xa^dvovGiv avzbv y.al yvvalna nal naloag nal zovg 
iTTTTOvg nal ndvza zd ovza' nai ovzco zd nqozsqa Isqd dns^rj. 
23. "Ensvza ndXiv dcpinvovvzai elg Ilsqyafiov. 3 Evzav&a zbv 
dtbv ovx ijziaGazo 6 Zsvoycov ' Gvvinqazzov ydq nal ol Adncovsg 
nal ol Xo%ayol nal ol dXXoi Gzoazqyol nai ol Gzqaziwzai wgzs 
i^aiqsza Xafifidvsiv nal Innovg nal £svyrj nal zdXXa' wgzs Inavbv 
sivai nal dXXov ydy ev noisiv. 24. 'En zovzov Oifiqcov naqayEvope- 
vog naqsXafts, zb Gzqdzevfia nal Gvppi^ag zop dXXcp 'EXXijvincp 
ETioXifJLEi nqbg TiGGaysqvTjv nal (Paqvdfia&v. 

25. "Aq^ovzsg oe olds zrjg fiaGiXiwg %ooqag ogtjv sn^X&Ofxsv 
Avdiag 'Agzipag ' Oqvyiag *Aqzand\iag ' Avnaoviag nal Kanna- 
doniag Mi&qiddz?]g' KiXiniag JZvevvsGig* &oivinr]g nal 'Aqafiiag 
/Hqvrjg ' JZvqiag nal 'AGGvqiag BsXsGvg ' BafivXavog ' Pcondqag ' 
Mrfiiag 'Aqftdnag ' 0aGiavmv nal ' Esnsqizwv Tyqifiatog ' Kaq- 
dov%oi ds nal XdXvfisg nal XaXdaioi nal Mdnqcovsg nal KoX%oi nal 
MoGGvvoinot nal KoXzai nal Ti^aq^voi avzovofxoi ' FFaqjXayoviag 
KoqvXag ' Bidvvav (Paqvdfia&g ' zoUv iv EvqcQ7zrj Qqancov 2Jsv&t]g. 

26. 'Aqi&fibg 8s Gv\inaGi]g zi\g bbov zrjg dvafiaGEcag nal na~ 
ra^aGsoog Gza&^iol dianoGioi dsnanivzE, naqaGayyai %iXioi inazbv 
TiEvzrinovxa tzevze, Gzddia zqigpvqia zszqanig%iXia s^anoGia nEvzr\- 
novzo. Xqovov nXi\&og zr\g dvafiaGEcog nal nazafiaGEmg iviavzbg 
nal zqsTg fitjvsg. "^ 



NOTES 



BOOK I. 

CHAPTER I. 

1. Jagatov, Darius Ochus or Nothus (vo&oq), so called because he 
was an illegitimate son of Artaxerxes. He was the second king of 
Persia bearing that name. The following is a tabular list of the 
Persian monarchs, with the length of their respective reigns, from the 
Medo-Persian union to the termination of the empire. 



B. C. 


NAMES. 


YRS. 


MOS.I 


538 


C yaxares 11. 


2 




536 


Cyrus 


7 




529 


Cambyses 


7 


5 


522 


Smerdis 




7 


521 


Darius Hystaspis 


36 




435 


Xerxes 1. 


21 




464 


Artaxerxes Longimanus 


| 40 


1 3 1 



B. C. 


NAMES. 


424 


Xerxes II. 


424 


Sogdianus 


423 


Darius Nothus 


404 


Artaxerxes Mnemon 


358 


Darius Ochus 


337 


Arses 


325 


Darius Codomanus 



YRS. 


mo a. 

2 

7 


19 

46 

21 

2 

4 



After the disastrous expedition of Xerxes I. into Greece, the king- 
dom gradually declined until it was subverted by Alexander the 

Great. Many of the kings, were weak, cruel, and licentious. JJaqv- 

odxidoq, Parysatis, both sister and wife of Darius. Agra^'g^q, Arta- 
xerxes, surnamed Mnemon from his retentive memory. He died in 
the ninety-fourth year of his age, being assassinated, as some say, 
by his son Ochus, while others affirm, that he died of a broken heart 
in consequence of the unnatural treatment which he received from his 

sons. Kvgoq, Cyrus, generally styled " the Younger" to distinguish 

him from the elder Cyrus, whose history is given in the Cyropsedia. 

fih> d$. " These particles," says Butt. (§149. p. 426,) "serve to form a 
connexion, like our indeed but ; yet are far more frequently employ- 
ed than these English particles, which usually require a strong an- 



190 NOTES. [Book. I. 

tithesis, while fih and da only place two propositions or clauses in a 
connexion, which with us is either not expressed at all, or at most by 
but alone." Cf. Mt. § 622; Rob. Lex. art. /m-v, Vig. p. 200. In this 
place de is continuative, so that the force of fiiv cannot well be given 

in Eng. 'Eml de. Here 3s is also continuative. Cf. Butt. §149. p. 

425. ? povXero, he willed, i. e. directed. ol is here used for the sub- 
jective gen. with noiSs. Cf. Butt. §133. N. 3. 

2. ovv serves in this place to express the external connexion be- 
tween the sentences. naovv Ixvy/avt, happened to be present. Cf. 

Butt. § 144. N. 8 ; Mt. § 263. 3. 6. anhxfjq agxij^from the satrapy. 

<*QZ*li beginning, is here used in a tropical sense to designate the country 
of which Cyrus was satrap. " Seepissime dicitur de natione vel regione 

imperio satrapse subjecta." Sturz. inotyy?, ane'deiSe. The aor. used 

forthepluperf. Cf.Mt. §497. Obs.; Butt. § 137. N.l; S. §212.N.l. The 
title aaxodn^q seems to have been bestowed upon a governor in his civil, 
and (7ToaT?//o?in his military capacity. — Kaortolov. In the Persian prov- 
inces certain plains were designated for military reviews, or the transac- 
tion of any business, which required the assemblage of large bodies of 
men. The plam ofCastolus wasinLydia. — 'Avaficttoiis used of a jour- 
ney to a celebrated city 7 , or, as in the present instance, from the sea coast 
into the interior. TiaaacptQvtjr, Tissaphernes, the same who an- 
nounced to Artaxerxes the revolt of his brother. He commanded the left 
wing of the royal forces at Cunaxa, and for his good conduct on that oc- 
casion, was rewarded with the hand of one of the king's daughters. 
He was mean, perfidious, and cruel, and at last came to an end wor- 
thy of his crimes, being beheaded by the king for his ill success in 

opposing Agesilaus. wq q.f/.ov. "quern (inductus hominis versuti 

simulatione) ami cum sibiputabatP Kriig. Cf. iqmffovvto ojq iveSgav 

olaar, V. 2. §30, where wq has the same force. xal d>, and also. 

oTiUxaq. Cf. N. I. 2. § 2. flaoodoiov. The Parrhasii were a people 

of Arcadia. 

3. y.arearr] slq x\\v paaiUtav, icas established in the kingdom. " rex 
factus est." Kriig. "regno potitus est." Sturz. y.axiax r\ signifies rest 
in a place, yet has here the idea of motion from its construction with 
* lq. Cf. Mt. § 578. a. — diaftd/J.ei xhv Kvoov ngbq xbv ads).cphv wq t'nifiov- 
Xevot avTw, accuses Cyrus to his brother of plotting against him. dia- 
pdM.u,, traduces ; a trop. signification from the primitive meaning of 
the word, to transport, carry over, etc. Hence to deliver over to any one 
in words, to inform against one ; from which is derived the specific,, 
signification to accuse falsely, probably from the well known fact, that 

an informer often calumniates those whom he accuses. S>, i. e. the 

king. The article here= to the demons, pron. Cf. Butt. § 126. 4; S. 
§ 142. T£ y.otl, and also. " When xi and v.al are joined in the same 



Chap. I.j NOTES. 19 x 

member of sentence, xi is copulative and aat augmentative." Vig. p. 
195. Cf. Butt. §149. p. 424. The king not only lent an ear to the 
false accusation made against his brother, but even went so far as to 

apprehend him. ojq ajzoxrevajv, in order to put him to death. The 

fut. part, with w<? marks intention or purpose. Cf. Mt. § 568. For the 
facility with which the Greeks could avail themselves of participles, 
where we should be obliged to employ verbs, cf. Butt. § 144. 1. 2 ; S. 

§ 222. 1. ^airrjcra/icfvrj air ov, having by her entreaties obtained his 

pardon: lit. having begged him off for her own sake. For this re- 
flexive signification of the middle voice, cf. Mt. § 492. b ; S. § 207. 2. 
Parysatis had an almost unbounded influence over Artaxerxes. 

4. o)q dn\\lfrt, as he went away, wq is here used as a particle of past 
time. Cf. Mt. § 628. 4. It also serves to introduce the cause of the 

subsequent conduct of Cyrus. omoq {irjTtoTe I'tc, how never after, 

that never for the future. in\ tv ddelyo), in the power of his brother. 

For this use of inl, cf. Mt. § 585. b ; Vig. p. 237. IX. bw t-Jtvov, in- 
stead of him.— ^v Srj, moreover. Cf. Vig. p. 202 ; Hoog. p. 107.11. 

vTt^Qx* r V KvQo) : favored Cyrus, i. e. espoused his cause and favored 
his designs. 

5. oanq — 7tdvtaq. A plural antecedent may be followed by the rel- 
ative singular, when any one of the preceding number is referred to 

without being specifically designated. Cf. Mt. § 475. a. tmv nana 

paoiX/ox;, lit. of those from the king, i. e. the king's courtiers, or mes- 
sengers. Cf. Vig. p. 249. I. Kriig. says, that by a kind of attraction, 

ro)v nana flctoiXtoiq = tmv naod (JaoiXiZ 7taoa ^aatXf'ojq. Cf. Mt. § 596. 

ovt(o Siari&dq, thus disposed (by his favors). y.al rrZv rcao tavtvi 

S> (iaofiaQwv t7Zi/i?folTo ojq, is put by attraction for, l/r?ft.tXitro mq ol 

pdopaQoi /.. r. L Cf. Butt. § 154. 6 ; Mt. § 296. evvo'CxoK ?%oin> avrd, 

might be favorably disposed towards him. r/tiv with adverbs lit. sig- 
nifies, to have one's self, to be circumstanced = drat, to be ; e. g. y.atiaq 
t/ti, it is well ; dSvrdrojq r/sw, to be unable. Cf. Butt. p. 442 ; Vig. p. 
85. He wiselv began his warlike preparations, by making his subjects 
good soldiers and zetdous friends. 

6. The course which Cyrus adopted to strengthen his army by 
inviting the Greeks to join his standard, was well planned, and in the 
issue would have crowned his arms with success, had he not fallen at 
Cunaxa in the moment of victory. The manner in which he eluded 
the sagacity of his enemies, while raising these forces, shows him to 

have been a consummate politician as well as an able commander. 

Svva/Liiv, force, abstract for concrete. The article is here employed, 
either because the achievments of the Greek forces are the principal 
theme of the subsequent books, or from the notoriety of their connexion 
with the expedition of Cyrus. Cf. S. § 139. N. 1. w? {.idXtara $<h vaxo 



192 NOTES. [Book I. 

i7tixQv7tr6f.ifvog, as secretly as possible, wq with the superlative, is 
often joined with words signifying ability, possibility, etc. Cf. Mt» 
§ 461 ; S. § 228. The reason for this secrecy is given in the next clause. 

on, like <aq strengthens the superlative. Cf. Butt. § 149 p. 423 ; 

S. § 228. hnooaq. . . .ly.doroiq. The order is 7rao^yyeiXs rolq cpgov- 

gixQ/otq iy.daroiq rwv (pvXay.oiv hnooaq el/s x. r. X. Cf. V. 4. § 30, for an ex- 
ample of the same construction. cpvXay.dq, guards, abstract for 

concrete, a figure of such frequent occurrence as to require no farther 

notice except in special cases. dvdoaq IJaXo7tovvrjatovq, Peloponne- 

sians, i. e. Lacedemonians, who inhabited a part of the Peloponnesus, 

and were at that time the most powerful state in Greece. wq lm- 

povtevovtoq Ti,ooa(pi?Qvovq, under pretence that Tissaphernes was 'plot- 
ting, or because (as he pretended) Tissaphernes was plotting. Kriig. 
says, that &q is used here, de re quce prcetextitur, and makes o>q Inv- 
fiovXavovroq = 7iQo<paoit,6f.i£voq oit> iiupovXtvoi. For the construction 
of uq with the part. cf. Mt. § 568 ; Butt. § 145. N. 5 ; S. § 192. N. 2. 
The student should carefully mark the uses and significations of this 
particle. ydo in the next clause introduces the reason why Tissa- 
phernes might be supposed to have designs upon those cities, viz.j 
because they anciently belonged to him but had then revolted to Cyrus 
ydo, for, " never stands at the beginning of a proposition, but instead 
of it xal ydo is employed like etenim in Latin. The proposition of 
which that with ydo assigns the cause is often omitted, it being so 
easily understood that it is passed over by the speaker in the vivacity 

of his discourse." Mt. § 615. r\aav. The imperf. is frequently used 

for the pluperf. when it signifies the long continuance or frequent 

repetition of an action. Cf. II. 1. § 6 ; VI. 3. § 22. to dg/alov, formerly, 

long before. The neut. art. is put adverbially with adjectives and 

substantives. Cf.Mt.§283; Butt. § 125. N. 5 ; Vig.p.12. Milrpov. 

For an interesting sketch of this Ionian city, cf. Anth. Clas. Diet. 

7. 7iQoaia&6[A.tvoq td avra ravta fiovXevo/Lievovq, perceiving before- 
hand that (certain of the citizens) were forming the same design. For 
the construction of povXevopt'vovq, cf. S. § 222. 2. By supplying xivdq 
and joining it with povfovofifrovq to iv Md^roj, the statement will har- 
monize with the one made, I. 9. § 9. d7Toarijvai ngoq Kvgov defines 

rot avtd ravra in the preceding clause. Cf. Mt. § 532. d. A word or 

clause thus added by way of explanation is called epexegetical. 

vrtolafiwv, receiving, i. e. taking under his protection. xovq cpzvyov- 

raq, the exiles, ysvyo) among other significations has this, 1 am an 
exile. Hence the pros. part. (pavya>v,=one who lives in exile, an exile?— 
xardystv, to restore, v.axd in composition often signifies return or res- 
titution. Cf. Vig. p. 246. rovq iy.7te7Ttcoy.6raq, those who had been 

banished = the exiles. — aH?? ngorpaaiq, another pretext. 



Chap. I.] NOTES. 193 

8. adzlybq o)V avtov So&fjvaC ol, for do-9-rjral ol adslcpw ovrt alrov. 
adelyoq is in the nominative by attraction with avroq the omitted sub- 
ject of ritjfov. do&7{raC ol, should be given to him,, i. e. placed under 

his command. {tailor % rather than. ixt^ovX^ snare, plot, al- 
ls &dvo(icu is more usually constructed with the accusative. Cf. Mt. § 349. 
Obs. 2. TTol^uovrra, by carrying on war. The participle frequent- 
ly expresses the means by which the principal action is performed. Cf. 
Mt $558 ; Vig. p. 114. aftxpl t« oxqaxtv^ara danavav, would ex- 
pend his treasures upon his troops. So Sturz, Bornemann, and Poppo. 

ovdH' rj/d-ero, was not displeased = was highly pleased. 

The affirmation of a thing by a denial of the contrary, is a rhetorical 
figure of frequent occurrence called litotes. It could not be otherwise 
than grateful to the king to learn, that his ambitious brother was ex- 
pending his strength and treasures in petty strifes with the satraps of 
his realm. For the construction of rjx&exo avxmv, cf. Mt. § 348; Butt. 

§132.5.3. y.al ydg, for also, introduces another reason for the 

unconcern of the king. yiyvo/navovq Saopovq, the established tribute. 

roiv noktifiv mv stands for toiv Ttohojv aq. The relative, which in 

respect to its own verb should be put in the accusative, is put by at- 
traction in the gen. or dat. according to the case of the noun or pronoun 
to which it refers. Cf.Butt. § 143. 3; Mt. §473; S. § 151. 1. These cities 
were the ones taken from Tissaphernes. In the next clause they are 
spoken of as still being held by him, inasmuch as they had been given 
him by the king, and were only temporarily in the possession of Cyrus. 

9. XeuQovrioo), i. e. the Thracian Chersonesus. xfj xaxavxiTtt- 

gaq. When the noun is followed by the adjunct, the article is repeated, 
and if the adjunct be an adverb, it thus becomes an adjective. Cf. 

Butt. § 125. 3. 6 ; Mt. § 272. a. Upvdov. Adverbs of place are 

followed by the gen. Cf. Mt § 324. Abydos was a city of Mysia lying 

5. E. of the Hellespont. It was the scene of the fable of Hero and 

Leander. tovSe is formed from the article by appending the enclitic 

St. cfvydq, an exile. The reason of his banishment is given, II. 

6. §§ 1-4. rjyda&rj expresses the idea of admiration alittle more strongly 

than its equivalent l&avpaae. rs — /. at, both — and. Sagtiy.oiq. 

The daric was a Persian gold coin, " stamped on one side with the figure 
of a crowned archer kneeling upon one knee, and on the other with a 
sort of quadrita incusa or deep cleft." It is supposed by some to have 
received its name from Darius Hystaspis. It appears from I. 7. § 18, that 
3000 darics = ten talents. A talent contained 60 mince or 6000 drach- 
mae (cf. N. I. 4. § 13), which would make a daric == twenty drachmae, or 
$3. 5186, computing from the value of the old attic drachma (cf. N. I. 4. 
§ 13), and $3. 3044, taking the later value of the drachma as the stand- 
ard. Hussey (Ancient Weights, &c. VII. 3) estimates the daric as 

17 



194 NOTES. [Book I. 

containing on an average about 123. 7 grains of pure gold, and there- 
fore = tf f ;f f of a sovereign, or about 11. Is. lOd. 1.76 farthings == 
$4. 871, thus making the coin worth considerable more, reckoned by 
comparison with gold money of modern times, than if computed from 

the drachma. Cf. Smith's Diet. Gr. and Rom. Antiq. p 314. dnb 

rovrojv tmv xqiw<x*o)V. Matthias (§ 572) says, that and generally ex- 
presses that from which something proceeds as being its effect. It 
marks also, the mediate origin or instrumental source of an action. The 
gold which Clearchus received, was a mediate instrument in raising the 

troops, while Cyius who furnished it was the primary cause. rolq 

Gga£l, dat. after inoX^ui. Cf. Butt. § 133. 2. 1 ; S. § 195. 1. So 

Virg. Ec. V. " solus tibi certet Amyntas." {mhSEXXrionovxov, on the 

Hellespont. v7t$'g in the same sense is followed by the gen. II. 6. § 2. 

VII. 5. § 1. Cf. Mt. § 582. fy&n rovq"EXX n vaq. Cf. Butt. § 131. N. 

1 ; Mt. § 411. 4. The Greeks here spoken of inhabited the country 

bordering on the Hellespont. Cf. c EXXt]on:orTiy.al noXtiq, infra. lv.ov- 

acu, of their own accord. <S° av ovro), and thus also, av in its dis- 
junctive use signifies a repetition of the same thing. Cf. Butt. p. 430 ; 
Hoog. p. 24. — —rgsyo/iievov iXdv&avtv avxv>, was secretly (i. erun- 
known to the king) maintained for him. For the use of the part, 
with iXdv&avti'. cf. N. on I. 1 § 2. 

10. Uvoq, lit. a stranger, but here taken in the sense of one who 
has formed a league of hospitality with another ; a thing which in 
ancient times was frequently done by persons living in different cities 

and countries. Cf. Smith's Diet. Gr. and Rom. Antiq. p. 490. f ? ? 

dioxiXtovq, to the number o/2000. Zz'voq, foreign troops, mercena- 
ries. The practice of hiring foreign troops, was quite common in the 
times of our historian, especially with the Persian kings and satraps. 

wq ovtoj 7CsQtysv6f.ievoq av, — on ovrojq av ntQiytvoiro (Butt. § 139. 

14 ; S. § 222. 6), that thus (i. e. with the assistance of these mercena- 
ries) he might subdue, ojq followed by a part, introduces a reason for 
what precedes, and may be rendered, in the expectation that. Cf. Mt. 
\ 568. 1. 7tt qI gives to ytyroficu the idea of superiority, conquest. Cf. 

Vig. p. 255. noooO-iv — nqlvy priusquam, before — that. y.ata- 

Xvocti, sc. rbv 7ToXff(ov, to terminate (the war), i. e. to make peace. 

11. inl Iltiatdaq. Dindorf edits dq Tliotdaq, but the weight of 
authority appears to be in favor of the reading which I have adopted. 

wq povX6[itvoq, (pretending) that he wished. Cf. N. § 6. Pisidia 

was a mountainous country, having Phrygia on the west and noj;th, 
Isauria on the east, and Pamphylia on the south. Its inhabitants sel- 
dom paid tribute or homage to the Persian kings. wq nQdy^iara 

naQfXovtwv row Ileioidoiv, because (as he said) the Pisidians were in- 
festing, nody/iara 7?aQfxtiv nvt = negotia facessere alicui, to give 



Chap. II.] NOTES. 195 

trouble to one. wq nohurjowv. Cf. N. § 3. a>§ is here used, de re 

prcetexta. 



CHAPTER II. 

1. 'End <5* ido/.st r t dr\ avxw, when now it seemed good to him = 

wlxenhehad now determined. iSoy.et, = y.aVov idoy.zt,. Cf. II. 1, § 2. 

ar«, upward, i. e. into the upper countries of Asia, or those removed from 

the seaboard. Cf. N. I. 1. § 2. ■ trjv {itv noocpaaiv inoulxo wq — &ov- 

?.6{<£roq, he pretended that he wished, or that his design was. Kriiger 
says, that [ttv here responds to something understood, viz. xfj (TaA^- 

'O-efu tnl rov £>aoi).c'a 6 aroXoq ^r. wq in wq inl xovxovq is used de 

re prcEtexta. — IvxavO-a. Zeune interprets : illuc, in ilium locum ubi 
sunt Pisidce. Weiske: illic, in sua ditione. Kruger thinks that Sardis 

is meant, and refers to § 4. nagayyfu.a i is here followed by the 

dat. with the infin. awa?.).ayevn, having become reconciled, either 

by asking pardon, or, as here, by granting it. o ii/ f oxgaxtvpa- 

The antecedent is often, in case of attraction, placed after the relative 

and in the same case. Cf. Mt. § 474. a ; Butt. § 143. 2 ; S. § 151. 3. 

an on tf,i.xp at. Aristippus sent Menon as his substitute. See I. 2. § 6. 

oq avro) ngoBanjy.fi, who commanded for him. avrw is here used 

in a sense, which grammarians call Dativus Commodi. Cf. Butt. p« 
368. /Toofffr^ft,has the signification of the imperf. Cf. Butt. § 107. II. 

2 ; S. § 209. N. 4. li> xdtq noUat, i. e. the cities spoken of, I. 1. 

§6. kivty.ov, sc. orgaTfVjLtaroq. lafiorra. In the preceding 

clause it is lafiovn. If the leading verb by itself governs another case 
than the accusative, either that case or the accusative may accompa- 
ny it, when the infinitive follows. Cf. Mt. § 537 ; S. § 158. N. 4. See 
also N. II. 1. § 2. 

2. d? y.al, and also. noliogy.ovvxaq. Cf. I. 1, § 7. iksXtvas, 

Cyrus summoned (ty.dhoz) his troops from Militus ; but the exiles 
over whom he had no authority, he incited ($keXev&e) by promises to join 

him in his expedition. ei y.alwq y.axangdtjsitv icp" a toxgaxsvsxo, if he 

was successful in the object of his expedition. y.axangd£?ttv. 1 aor. 

opt. act. iEol. for y.axangdgai, a form often found in this author, and 

therefore requiring no further notice. iy d, i. e. xavxa I9 a. Cf. S. 

§ 150. 5. navoaod-at. The aor. is here used for the fut. to denote 

the certainty of the action. Cf. Mt. p. 845.; S. §212.2. See also 

II. 3. § 20 ; VI. 5. § 17. oXy.adt. The enclitic §4 is appended to an 

unchanged form of the accus. In oly.a, the a comes from an implied 

nom. OU. Cf. Butt. § 116. N. 2 j S. § 121. N. 3. nag^aav, came, 

Cf. N. on y.atiaxri, I. 1. § 3. 



196 NOTES. [Book I. 

3. Sevtaq /nev 3\j, so then Xe?iias. /m?v §r\, is used in entering upon 
a subject after something premised or prefatory. Cf. Vig. p. 202. IX ; 
Hoog. p. 107. III. naoe ye'vexo, sc. avrol, i. e. to Cyrus. By its con- 
struction with 6*$ motion is implied in naoe ytrexo. Cf. N. I. 1. § 3. — 
bnllxaq. The Grecian infantry was composed of, 1. ottAItcu, heavy 
armed, who in addition to their full armor were distinguished for a 
large shield (onlor) which they bore : 2. nelxaoxat, targeteers, bear- 
ing lighter arms and small round bucklers (n£ Ixai) : 3. iptloC, light 
armed, who used missile weapons and were employed chiefly as 
skirmishers. Cf. Fisk's Man. Clas. Lit. p. 521 ; Smith's Diet. Gr. and 
Rom. Antiq. p. 90. *%ow\ in this and similar places, may be trans- 
lated by the preposition with. eiq xexoaxio/iltovq, about four thou- 
sand. "With numerals efa generally means about." S. §172. 

yv^vT^xaq, light armed, from yvftvoq, pp. naked or poorly clad. Hence 
it was applied to the light armed soldiers, who were naked in respect 

to the shield and thorax, which protected the bn'tlxai. ws ntvxa- 

y.ootovq, about Jive hundred, wc joined with numerals signifies nearly, 

about. Cf. Hoog. p. 189. XIV. 6 Me yaoe l>q. Megaris was a small 

district situated between Athens and Corinth, of which Megara was 
the capital. — eiq xQiaxootovq . . . Ttaoeytvexo. I have followed the read- 
ing which from four of the best Mss. has been adopted by Dind. and 
Poppo. The more usual reading is eiq eTtraxooCovq e/ow ardgotq na- 
geye'vexo, and is followed by Born. Kriig. and Long. It must be con- 
fessed that this would make the sum total agree with that of Xeno- 
phon given in § 9, but the Ms. authority upon which it rests is too 

doubtful to warrant its adoption. ))v 3h y.al ovtoq x. x. L ds is here 

a general connective, while y.al — y.al, both — and, connect ovtoq and b 
^cjy.odr^q. rdjv axQcuxevofievoty follows r t y, because the sense of the 
verb is limited to a part. Cf. Mt. § 322. 7 ; S. § lib. 

4. Ovrm (t?v eiq •/.. x. ).. Some auxiliary forces joined him on the 
march. Cf. infra, §§6, 7. — Sdodnq, Sardis, the capital of Lydia, situa- 
ted at the foot of Mt. Tmolus, on the river Pactolus. Cyrus made it the 
capital of his satrapy. It is celebrated also as being the seat of one 
of the seven churches in Asia. tie in the next sentence is adver- 
sative, i. e. it introduces something opposed to what has gone before. 
Diodorus attributes to Alcibiades the betrayal of the design of Cvrus, 
and both Plut. and Corn. Nep. repeat the same in their histories of 
his life. fici%ora. The Attics not unfrequently use the unconnect- 
ed form of the comparative. x)\v rraQao-y.evrjv, the armament 

o)q {3aodea, to the king. o)q = elq. " It is always placed before nouns 

denoting intelligent objects." S. § 172. % eSvvaxo xd/toxa = wq 

Idivaxo xdxinra. 

5. Kal fiaodeiq phi* Stj, and then indeed the king. wQfidxo. 



Chap. II.] NOTES. 197 

This word signifies to incite, impel, and intrans. to rush on. It happily 
expresses the haste with which Cyras commenced his long and perilous 

expedition. orad-povq, day's marches', lit. stations, halting places, 

where travellers or soldiers rest for the night. The Schol. defines 

ora&uoq- axQaxioniy.r\ y.axdhvaiq. — naoaodyyaq, parasangs. The 

precise length of the Persian parasang is difficult to be ascertained. 
Dr. Jahn (Bib. Arch. § 113. X.) makes it about four Eng. miles. 
Rennell estimates it 2.78 British miles. According to Strabo. some 
reckoned it at 60, others at 40, and others at 30 stadia. Xenophon 
reckons it at 30 stadia, since he says (II. 2. § 6), that 16050 stadia= 
535 parasangs, and 16050 -- 535 = 30. So Herodotus, II. 6. dvvarav 
fih o naoaodyyaq TOir\-/.ovxa orddia. As it respects the y.at before dvo, 
the general rale is that, if the smaller of two numbers stands first the 
two are joined by y.at; but if the greater precedes, the conjunction is 
omitted. So we say two and twenty, or twenty-tico. Here there is a 

deviation from this rule. Cf. Mt. § 140. tor MatarSgov norapov- 

The Mseander has its sources near Celsense (cf. § 7 below), and forming 
a common boundary between Lydia and Caria, falls into the iEgean 
sea, below the promontory of Mycale. Its windings are so numerous, 
that it has become a common epithet for whatever is winding or mazy. 

Its modern name is Mindor. nU&oa. The nU&oov = 100 ft. 

■ l7ir\v ittvyiiu'vTj. A part, with tl t ut or its compounds is sometimes 

used instead of the verb of the part. Cf. Vig. p. 117. IX. 

6. ft; Ko/.oarfdq. Colosse was a city of Phrygia Major, on the 
river Lycus near its junction with the Mseander. To the church 

planted there, Paul addressed one of his epistles. noliv oiy.ov t ue'vr l v, 

an inhabited city. This epithet is added, because on the route of 

Cyrus were many deserted towns. y.al \y.z. For /.at we have Iv 

alq, I. 2. § 10, and h> d$ ravraiq, II. 5. § 1. Jolonaq y.al Alvidvaq 

r.ai'Oiw&fovq. The Dolopians and iEnians were Thessalian tribes 
separated by Mt. Othrys. The Olynthians were a people of Macedo- 
nia. It was probably to await the arrival of these forces, that Cyras 
tarried so long at Colosse. 

7. Ktlaivaq, CelxBncR, a city lying in the south-west part of Phrygia, 

and formerly its capital.- paoO.tta, an adj. from fiaaihioq, ov, here 

used as a subst. plur. for sing. naodduaoq. Dr. Robinson in his 

excellent Lex. N. T. remarks, that "this word seems to have had its j 
origin in the languages of Eastern Asia, and has the general signifi- 
cation, a garden planted with grass, herbs, trees, for ornament and 
for use, and is applied to the pleasure gardens and parks with wild 
animals around the residences of the Persian monarchs and princes." 
That these paradises were frequently of great extent is evident from 
the fact that Cyrus reviewed his army in this one (cf. § 9), and in 



198 NOTES. [Book I. 

another (II. 4. § 16) the Greeks heard that a large army was assem- 
bled. cltto tnnovi on horseback. Cf. Mt. § 572. So ex equo pug- 

nare. Liv. I. 12. yvfivdnav, to exercise : lit. to exercise naked, as 

was done by those who practised in the public or private gymnasia, un- 
less as in some instances was the case, they were merely covered by the 
short xixthv. With iatnov this verb may be rendered, to exer- 
cise ; with tovq I'rtTtovq, to train. o/rorf — (JovXoito. When refer- 
ence is had to a past action not limited to a precise point of time, but 
repeated by different persons, or in different places, the optative is put 
with onox* and other particles of time. Cf. Butt. § 139. N. 6 ; Mt. § 521. 

h. roiP {Ja<fiU(iov,from the palace, i. e. from the enclosure of the 

palace. i% generally denotes a removal from the inside of a place 
or thing. Cf. Mt. §574. 

8. fuydXov paodfox;, of the great king, a title given y.ax i^o/^v by 
the Greeks to the Persian kings. Xerxes, on his return from Greece, 

is supposed to have built the palace here spoken of. inl ralq Try/alg, 

near the sources, ini here denotes close proximity. Cf. inl O-aXdaarj, 

V. 3. § 2. {mo tj] ar.QortoteL, under the citadel. Xerxes also built 

a citadel, which, as it appears from this passage, overlooked the pal- 
ace and served for its defence. ipfiaXXit is an act. trans, used as 

a neut. ; $ avrov may in such cases be supplied. Cf. Mt. § 496. ns qI 

ooytaq, concerning music, i, e. in a trial of musical skill. Pindar and 
other ancient poets, called every art aoyla, and poets, musicians, 
painters, etc. aocpiaraL For an explanation of this fable of Marsyas 
and Apollo, cf. Anth. Clas. Diet. 

9. ijTTTj&tlq, having been vanquished. 1 aor. part. dep. pass, of 
vyttdopou. Reference is had especially to the defeat he sustained at 
Salamis, which caused him to hasten precipitately across the Helles- 
pont. rjptoaq rQidy.ovra. Cf. N. § 6 (end). Kyijtaq. The 

Cretans were celebrated for their skill in archery, and in later times, 
for their gross immorality and odious vices. Cf. Polyb. 4. 17, and 
also Paul's quotation (Tit. 1 : 12.) from Epirnenides, one of their own 

poets. "Af.ia 8i v.aX 2oialaq 7iaotjv, and also at the same time So- 

sias came. ol av^navt^q, joined to numerals, signifies all together, 

or, in all. Celeenae appears to have been the rendezvous 

for the army. Having now been joined by most of his forces, Cyrus 
proceeds with increased despatch, and by forced marches, endeavors 
to reach the king before he would have time to assemble a large 
army. tc 

10. IJfXtaq. PeltcE. The site of this place was N. of the Msean- 
der, in the valley and plain formed by the W. branch of that river. 

roe Avy.aia. " Sacrificiis factis Lycsea celebravit." Kriig. " Lu- 

percalia institutis sacrificiis et ludis celebravit." Hutch. These games 



Chap. II.] NOTES. 199 

were called Lijcaan, from Mt. Lycseus in the S. W. angle of Arcadia, 
where the Arcadians insisted that Jupiter was born. The same 
mountain was also sacred to Pan. From the well established wor- 
ship of Pan in Arcadia, it is probable that these games were in honor 
of him. This is also confirmed by the fact, that these festivals, when 
introduced into Italy by Evander, were changed in name only (being 
called Lupercalia), and were still sacred to Pan. Cf. Fisk's Man. 

Clas. Lit pp. 434, 565, 571. dyojva, contests, games. arhy- 

y'Szq, flesh scrapers, used in baths for rubbing off the sweat and filth 
from the body. Schneid. and after him Kriig. understand by this 
word, a kind of ribbon or fillet. But as Poppo justly observes, this 
would be a far less pleasing gift to the Grecian soldiers, than the 
strigiles, flesh scrapers, which they were accustomed to use in the bath. 

IQoa.aojp dyogar, the market place of the Ceramians, at or near 

the modern Kutahiah. This Ceramus which appears to have been 
situated in the north-east boundary of Phrygia, and according to 
Rennell due north of Celsense, must not be confounded with a place 
of the same name in Mysia. Cyrus seems to have passed through 
these cities so much out of his route, in order to take in provisions, 
and stores for his long march. From Ceramus he persued a more 

direct course to Babylon. Trobq rjj Mvofx next to Mysia. 

11. Ka'voroov ntdtar, i. e. the plain in which the city Cays- 
trus was situated. Wilkinson in his Clas. Atlas locates it a little N. 
of Mt Taurus. Rennell conjectures, that its site was near that 
occupied by the modern Sakli, a town where the roads from Constan- 
tinople, Brusa, and Smyrna, pointing towards Syria meet. He also 
remarks, that Cyrus had now entered the first of a series of valleys, 
formed by several parallel ridges connected w T ith the greater chain of 
Taurus on the N. E. side, or that towards Phrygia and Cappadocia, 
w T hich he quitted at the Pylae Cilicise. (uo&bq nle'ov. The gen- 
der of the adjective has reference to the gender implied in the substan- 
tive. Cf. S. § 137. N. 2. litl raq tivQaq, at the gates, i. e. at the 

head quarters of Cyrus. iljzldaq Uywv Strjys, he was continually 

expressing (his) hopes (that he should soon be able to pay them). 
For the construction of didyoi with the participle, cf. Butt. § 144. N. 8 ; 

Mt § 552 ; S. § 222. 4. drjloq r\v driojaevoq = drj).ov i\v lv.il- 

vov aviaoO-ai = Srjlov \v ore. yviaro, it was evident that he was troub- 
led. By a species of attraction, Sr^v ianv loses its impersonal form, 
and takes the subject of the following verb as its own subject. The 
verb in the dependent clause becomes then a participle. Cf. Mt. §§ 

297 : 549. 5 ; Butt. § 151. 7 ; Vig. p. 33. VI. ov ydo r\v nobq rov 

Kvoov TQonov, for it was not in accordance with the character of Cyrus, 
or more briefly, it was not the character of Cyrus, nnoq has in this place 



200 '* NOTES. [Book I. 

the signification of congruity. Cf. Vig. p. 257 ; Sturz Lex. Xen. 
The gen. of quality, custom, etc. is sometimes found without the 

preposition. Cf. Mt. § 316. I'/opra agrees with ir.zlr&p understood, 

the subj. accus. of anodidovai. 

12. acpiy.v&l-zat 'Em'taga. Kriig. surmises that she was sent by Sy- 
ennesis. Wessel. ad Diod. XIV. 20 observes, that Svtvvcoiq was a 
name common to many of the Cilician princes. It was probably a title 

of dignity. yvi'ij, a woman, here a married woman, wife. 

<? ovv introduces the consequence of the munificence of Epyaxa, 

viz. the payment of the troops. ^AonzvMovq, Aspendians. Aspendus 

was a populous city of Pamphylia, W. of Cilicia, situated on both banks 
of the river Eurymedon. Here Thrasybulns the Athenian general was 
slain. tleyeto dh y.al ovyyzvm&ai Kvgor. The subject of the in- 
finitive may be changed into the subject of the principal verb, (cf. na.~ 
rgbq f,ihv drj XeysTcu b Kvooq ys.veoQ-cu KaitpiroBo), Cyr. I. 2, § 1) j or re- 
main unaltered as in the present instance. Cf. Mt. §537. p. 931; 
And. and Stod. Lat Gr. §271. R. 2. ovyyzvaoQ-a*i. An euphemistic 
expression. 

13. Gvfipgiav. Hutch, thinks that this is the town, which, in Cyr. 

VI. 2. § 11, is called Ov[i(lgaqa. Ttaga rrjv odor, by the way. When 

it expresses the idea of rest or position, nana is usually followed by 
the dative, but when the idea of previous motion is implied, it is fol- 
lowed by the accusative. Butt. {\ 147. N. 3.) says that Ttctga %6v, in 
answer to the question where, must be rendered by, by the side of, the 
same as when followed by the dative. In such an instance, however, a 

previous coming to the place is strictly implied. MAW, gen. of MC- 

daq, limits xq^vt} understood. How this Phrygian king had for a time the 
power of converting into gold whatever he touched, and how his ears 
were changed into those of an ass, the student is referred to the ac- 
count given in Anth. Clas. Diet. Some have supposed that he was 
king of Bglyeq in Thrace, and having migrated with his subjects to 
Asia Minor, the place where they settled, by a slight alteration of the 
letters was called Phrygia. Those who adopt this opinion make 
Thrace the scene of the story of Midas and Silenus. — iip ft, at which, 
where. " The dative inl tw in a local sense, expresses particularly 
the idea of close by." Butt. § 147. N. 4. 2axvg v, i. e. Silenus. 

oivo) xsgdoaq avxr\v, having mixed it with wine, or according to 

our mode of expression, having mixed wine with it. y.&gdoaq, is the 
1 aor. act. part, of xtgavvvftt. Cf. S. § 118. K. ~^ 

14. Tvgicuov. Tyriceum, a Phrygian city on the confines of Lyca- 
onia. (3ov).6{,tevoq, willing, i. e. consenting. 

15. ojq vofioq avtolq elq f.id/Tjv, sc. rdtrsoO-at,, as they were accus- 
tomed to be marshalled for battle, avtolq depends on yy understood. 



Chap. II.] NOTES. 201 

ortjvai, to stand (in marshalled array). txaarov, sc. orgartj- 

yov. Reference is had to the generals, such as Clearchus, Proxenus, 

Menon, etc. inl xBxtdgm; four deep. The depth of a battalion 

is its extent from front to rear, and is determined by the number of 
men in each file, or the number of ranks. The number of men in a 
rank constitute the width of a battalion, ini is here used in a 

tactical sense. Cf. Vig. p. 235. Ill ; Mt. § 584. <#. xb p\v 

fei-ibv, the right wing. It does not clearly appear, why Menon 
had this post of honor given him in preference to Clearchus, 
unless it was done to flatter his pride and keep him in good temper. 

In the battle of Cunaxa, Clearchus commanded the right wing. 

to <5e fvoh'Vftoi', the left wing, tvo>vvuoq (ei>, bvopa) is euphemistically 

used for dgioxegoq, left, sinister, a word of ill omen. ■ xb dh fi^aov, 

the centre. Cf. S. § 138. 1. 

16. ovv is here continuative, i. e. it marks the external connexion 

between the two sentences and may be rendered, then, so then. 

7iaor\}.avvov, rode by. tlavvo) lit. signifies to drive, impel forward, 
and is used in connexion with horses and chariots. With y.axd xd^iq 
it may be rendered marched by. The %Xr\ was a troop of horse, drawn 
up by the Thessalians usually in the form of an egg. An ilrj num- 
bered 64, although the term is often used for a party of horse of any 
number. Two such troops constituted the imlagyja, and eight of 
them the iTtnagyJa. Four of the last named made up the xe'Xoq of the 
cavalry = 2048 men, and two tf'Xij the in (ray pa = 4096 men. A 
xd&q was a division of infantry == 128 men ; a avpxayfia or two 
xdtjeiq = 256 men; a navxay.oatagyja or two avvxaypaxa == 512 men; 
a ydiagyfa or two of the last named = 1024; a, it a g agy la or xtkoq twice 
the preceding or 2048, which doubled made a cpdlay^ = 4096 men, the 
commander of which was called oxgaxrjyoq. Divisions however, of very 
different numerical strength were at various times designated by the 
name ydlayg. Cf. Man. Clas. Lit p. 525 ; Smith's Diet. Gr. and Rom. 

Antiq. p. 91. nfca dh roWEllt\vaq. It was a compliment to the 

Greeks, that instead of having them march by him in review, he rode 

along their ranks accompanied by the Cilician queen. icp dgpa- 

roq, in a chariot, ircl is placed before the genitive in answer to the 
question where, and sometimes in the same sense before the dative. 
Butt. (§ 147. N. 4.) remarks that in respect to Int and y.ard "observa- 
tion and practice must do the greater part." The same is true of 
most of the particles and prepositions of this noble language. The 
student should fix in his mind the literal signification of a word, and, 
in respect to its special application to a given passage, be guided by 
the context and that skill of grammatical appliance, which is the re- 
sult of critical and long continued study. dQfxa^d^q. The 



202 NOTES. [Book I. 

harmamaxa was a four-wheeled carriage, covered overhead and en- 
closed with curtains, used for the conveyance of females and children, 
and oftentimes men of high rank, when they wished to consult their 
ease and pleasure. It was in a magnificent harmamaxa, the construc- 
tion of which occupied two years, that the body of Alexander the Great 

was conveyed from Babylon to Alexandria. xudvrj, helmets, accus. 

plur. of y.odi'oq — eoq. Sometimes the helmet was made of leather. 
Cf. y.qdvr\ oy.vn.va, V. 4. § 13. When the leathern basis of the helmet 
was strengthened or adorned with bronze or gold, it was called 
X^ly.y\qr\q, ^(w<j£ tif, etc. When the basis was wholly metal, the helmet 
received the epithet, y.qdvrj xaXy.a, Lat. cassis. It was usually adorned 
with a crest ().6cpoq) of hair or a tuft of feathers, according as the 

wearer wished to look terrible or handsome. xixoivaq, tunics. 

This was an inner garment, reaching usually to the knees, and kept 

in its place by a girdle. y.yrnnldaq, gr 'eaves. These extended from 

the foot to the knee, and were made of brass, or some more precious 
metal. The Roman ocrece were usually plated with iron, and in later 

times were placed only upon the right leg. dantdaq, shields. 

The Grecian shield was usually round, and made of hides covered 
with plates of metal. For a fuller description of the shield, cf. Man. 
Clas. Lit. § 139 ; Smith's Gr. and Rom. Antiq. p. 245 ; Horn. II. 18 ; 
478, with Flax. Illus. In Felton's Iliad is a valuable and ornate dis- 

cription of the shield of Achilles. ly.y.v/.aQ-aoix£vaq,burriished, from 

y.a&a£oo), to cleanse, and iy.,from. 

17. orrjoaq to a-ma, stopping his chariot. For this trans, signif. 

of lot rj fit, cf. Butt. § 107. II. p. 226. cpdlayyoq, phalanx, here 

referring to the army drawn up in array. Cf. N. § 16. oxrjoaq — 

TTe/iixpaq. The conjunction is frequently omitted between participles, 

See Mt. § 557. 3. noofaltcsQ-ai xd onla, to present their weapons, 

i. e. hold them forward as if they were going to fight. im/ojoraai 

to advance, as though against the enemy. iodlrny^e, sc. 6 octlmy- 

y.rijq. Cf. Mt. § 295. 1 ; Butt. §129. 8 ; S. § 157. N. 8. (2). ladlmy- 
I? is an early form of the 1 aor. A later form is iadlmrsa,. Cf. Butt. 

§ 114. p. 300 ; S. § 118. 2. >Ey. m xovxov, then, after this. 

7tQo'C6vTO)r, sc. airoji: The part, in the gen. often stands alone, when 
the subj. can be supplied from the preceding context. See Mt. § 563 ; 
Butt. § 145. N. 4; S. § 192. N. 3. For the construction of tzqoCovtwv 
in the gen. abs. instead of noolovai in agreement with oxQanonaiq, cf. 

Mt. § 561. dno rod avro/tdrov, of their own acccord, voluntainty. 

duo expresses the manner in which an action is done, or the motive 

which produces it. Cf. Mt. § 573. p. 996. inl xdq oy.t\vdq, i. e. the 

tents belonging to the Persians, for in the next section we find the 
Greeks returning to their own quarters (ln\ xdq 0Kr\vdq %).&ov). 



Chap. II.] NOTES. 203 

18. zijvytv $x rt}q an[ictf.idgrjq. fled away in her harmamaxa. So 
Zeune, Weiske and Kruger. Cf. Mt. §§ 573, 574. But Lion, Schnei- 
der, Bornemann, and Poppo, interpret, leaped from her harmamaxa, 
(which was drawn by oxen or mules), in order to accelerate her flight. 

ol iy. rtjq ayooaq — tfpsvyov = ol iv rfj dyogu £x iijq ayoqaq I'cpzuyov, 

those in the market (i. e. the market people) began to flee away from 
the market, or more briefly, those in the market began to flee away. 
Cf. IV. 6. § 25 ; V. 7. § 17 ; VI. 2. § 18, et scepe alibi. The 'ayood was 
a place in the camp where the sutlers or victuallers exposed their 
commodities for sale, tcptvyor. The imperf. tense here marks 
the commencement of an action. Born., Dind., and Pop., following 
Schneid., edit i'yvyor. But Hutch., Weisk., Kriig., and others, rightly 
prefer the imperfect, as the flight could not be considered, uno 

qicasi ictu absoluta. abv yO.wxt, on account of the flight of the 

barbarians. rrjv lau7ZQ6xr t ra, the splendor, viz. of the arms and 

uniform. x)\v ra^r, the order, martial appearance. Kvqoq dh 

yv&rj. The terror, w 7 ith which this sham-fight of the Greeks struck the 
barbarians, gave to Cyrus an earnest of victory over the undisciplined 
hosts of his brother. 

19. 'ly.onov, Iconinm. Luke (Acts 14: 6) seems to locate this 
city in Lycaonia, although, as Bloomfield observes, if the article be- 
fore 7z6hiq rr\q Av/.aoviaq be allowed its force, it would appear other- 
wise. Strabo reckons it as a city of Lycaonia, but as the boundaries 
of these provinces were continually changing, it is probable that sub- 
sequent to the time of Xenophon, it became a city of Lycaonia. 

Aw.uovtaq, Lycaonia. This country lay S. E. of Phrygia, and was 
included in the basin formed by the Taurus and its branches. It was 

made a Roman province under Augustus. ojq TZoltpCav ovoarj 

because it was hostile. Kruger says, that «? is here used, de re quam 
quis causam esse dicit. The Lycaonians as well as the Pisidians 
did not acknowledge the authority of the Persian kings. 

20. ttjp raxiarrjv oS6v, the shortest way. The Cilician queen took 
the direct route to Tarsus by the S. E., while Cyrus with the main 
army took the N. E. route which was circuitous and more than twice 
the distance, in order (as Rennell remarks) to cross the Taurus at 
Dana or Tyana, where, by the contraction of the ridge, a very short 
passage was afforded into the plain of Cilicia. It will be seen that 
the marches between Iconium and Dana were very long. This may 
be accounted for, in his wish to be at the Pylse Cilicise in season to 
take advantage of the diversion, intended to be made in his favor by 
the fleet and the detachment of Menon. This desire to secure the 
co-operation of his fleet will account also foi the long marches be- 
tween the river Pyramus and Issus (I. 4. § 1). axqatiokaq ovq 



204 NOTES. [Book I. 

Ms'vcov tZxs. Under cover of being a guard of honor to Epyaxa, a body 
of troops was thus introduced into the heart of Cilicia. Its effect upon 

Syennesis is given in the next verse. KanrtaSoy.taq, Cappadocia, 

an interior country of Asia Minor, N. of Cilicia, celebrated for the 
excellence of its wheat and horses, and the dullness and vice of its 
inhabitants. The Greeks regarded the Cappadocians as the worst of 
the three Kappas, or nations, whose names began with that letter ; 
the other two being the Cretans and Cilicians. The character of the 
Cappadocians is satirized in the Epigram : 

Vipera Cappadocum nocitura momordet ; at ilia 
Gustato periit sanguine Cappadocis. 

iv w, sc. zqovo). (foivy/.varr^. Larch, renders this, vexilla- 

riwn, standard bearer. Voss., purpura: tinctorem ; (Kri'ig. adds) vet 
eum qui purpuris tingendis prcefectus est, qood munus apud Persa- 
rum reges honorificum fuisse colligeris. Moras interprets, purpuratum. 
The epithet paoCUiov seems, however, to conflict with this significa- 
tion. Srurz says that Brod. has best rendered it, umtm e regiis fa- 
miliaribits punica veste indutum non purpurea. It is worthy of re- 
mark, that Hesych. has inserted this word in his Lex. without any 

interpretation. dvvdorrjv r a high officer: lit. one in power. " qui 

principum inter prsefectis locum tenebat" Hutch. alnaadpevog 

irttfovUimv ainw, having accused them of plotting against him. 

21. Kdiy.tav, Cilicia. This country lay S. of Cappadocia, W. of 
Syria, and E. of Pamphylia. It was divided into two parts ; the 
western of which was called Trachea (roc/ela, rough), the eastern, 

Campestris (mdir{ h level). n dh etgpoirtji the pass. Cf. N. § 22. 

d^ri/avoq tiael&tiv oroaTsvfian, inaccessible to an army, Krug. 

observes that 'fz/Mfcavoq elqe).&tiv is put by attraction for r\v d^ivyavov 

%v dqeX&elv. W.otnoiq €i% had abandoned. Cf. N. on inrjv ittv- 

yue'vrj, §5. ind fjo&ero ro rs Mn>o>roq orgdrev^ia on ^S^. This 

reading is found in the best editions. Dindorf however edits fa far o 
on to Mivoivoq oTodrsvpa ridr\. As to the construction, Mt. (§ 296) 
says, "the subject of dependent propositions is often wanting, because 
by attraction it is construed with the verb of the principal proposition." 

Cf. Rost. § 122. I. 8. alow within, i. e. in respect to Tarsus the 

capital. oQt'wv an uncontracted form of the gen. plur. frequently 

used by the Attics. Cf. Mt. § 78. Obs. 7 ; Butt § 49. N. 3. y.al 

ore rQirjoeiq rjy.ovs rttgirtXeovaaq art 'Iwvtaq tlq 1i.iliy.lar Taptav *%dv~ 
ia rdq Aay.zdai/uovtwv y.al airov Kvgov. The order is, y.al on (= dion, 
i. e. did rovro on, on this account, because), rjy.ove Ta^tiav t/ovra (= 
on Tapwq tl%£) tQiriQaq rdq Aaxtdaiuovlutv v.al avxov Kvgov rtegtnXtov- 
oaq an 3 Io)vCaq rfq KiUytav. Kriiger says that the writer intended to 
have joined ijy.ove with Sorfg^q rtsgt,rthovaaq y but wishing to name 



Chap. II.] NOTES. 205 

the admiral of the fleet, he connected it with Taffiu*. Cf. Thucyd. 

III. 26. avxov Kvoov. When avxoq is followed by a proper name, 

the article may be omitted, especially if the article can be dispensed 
with, the pronoun being omitted. If alnoq is followed by a common 
substantive, the article usually is retained. Cf. Mt. § 265. 1 (end). 

22. ov ol Kthxsq icpvXaxTov, where the Cilicians kept guard, or used 
to keep guard. Schneid. remarks, that the Cilicians always kept a 
guard in this place for the defence of the country. But that this 
should be done in time of peace, or that a standing guard should be 
quartered in tents, Kruger thinks to be quite improbable, and there- 
fore gives to icpvXaTTov the sense of the pluperfect. nedtov fttya. 

See above, § 21. iktggvrov. Cilicia Campestris was watered by 

the Pyramus and Cydnus. Cf. N. §23. I'uttLhov. neut. accus. of I'fi- 

nleojq. There seems to be little difference between ia)Jrtj, panic, 

and y.f'y/gnq, millet, except that the former bears its grain in ears, and 
the latter in bunches, whence the Lat. millium,, as if one stalk bore 

a thousand seeds. Cf. Encyc. Amer. 3 'Ogoq & airb 7itqit%zt, ■/.. r. 

).., but a strongly fortified and lofty mountain environs this (i. e. 
Cilicia Campestris) on every side from sea to sea. Born, renders 
b/vnop, bene munitus: Poppo, munitus natura vel arte. To this re- 
gion, so entirely encircled with high and rugged mountains, there 
were but three passes : Pylse Ciliciae, in the range of Mt. Taurus, 
through which Cyrus entered: Pylee Amanicee, so called from Mt. 
Amanus on the Syrian side of Cilicia : Pylee Syria?, a pass leading 
from Cilicia into Syria, south of the Pylee Amanicee and near the sea. 
Cf. I. 4. § 4. Through the Pylee Amanicee, Darius led his army into 
Cilicia, not knowing that Alexander, about the same time, had passed 
through the Pylee Syrise and was therefore in his rear. 

23. Taoaovq. This city, situated on the banks of the Cydnus not 
far from its mouth, ranked with Athens and Alexandria in learning 
and refinement. It is celebrated in ecclesiastical history as being the 

birth place of St. Paul. r\om> — paot'Uia. The general rule, that 

the nom. neut. plur. has the verb in the sing., is often transgressed by the 
Attics themselves. Cf. I. 4. §§ 4, 10 ; 5. § 1 ; 8. § 10, et seep. al. 

Kv&roq, Cydnus, a river remarkable for the coldness of its waters, 

which almost cost Alexander his life, and according to some writers 
proved fatal to Fred. I. of Germany, who bathed in its stream. This 
was the river, up which Cleopatra sailed with such magnificence to 

meet Anthony. dvo rili&Qwv. The Attics use dio indeclinable. 

Cf. Butt. § 70. 2 ; Mt. § 138. 

24. tl-iUnov — fiq /o)Qiov. With a verb signifying removal from 
a place, the accompanying motion to a place is frequently expressed 

18 



206 NOTES. [Book I. 

by dq. Cf. Mt. § 57S. So we say, he left for Boston; they started 
for the West. Kriiger referring to IV. 1. § 8, where it is fully written, 

makes i-SehiTov — dq,%(ilQtoV = ixlinovxeq I'qjevyov dq /o)olov. nl\\v 

ol xd xartrjfala l/ovxeq. These inn-keepers stayed behind either because 
there was some chance of gain ; or, as Bornemann suggests, because 
their occupation, as keepers of caravansaries for the entertainment of 

travellers, would protect them from all injury. 26).oiq, Soli, or 

Soloe (Cf. Anth. Clas. Diet), a city of Cilicia Campestris, near the 
mouth of the river Lamus, said to have been founded by an Athenian 

colony. ! Iaadlq. Issus lay S. E. of Tarsus at the foot of the 

Amanus, and was famous for the victory of Alexander over Darius. 

25. 7t(>oreoa Kvqov 7terrs rjfuoaq. For the reason of this, cf. N.§ 20. 

vTttopoljj, passage over. xoiv dq to nedtov, SC. y.a&rjy.6vzo)V, 

those (extending or sloping down) to the plain. The event here spo- 
ken of took place, when they were descending into the Cilician plain. 

ilra 7t).aro) t uh'ovq dnoleo&ai, thus (i. e. in consequence of hav- 
ing lost their way) wandering about they perished. For this construc- 
tion of £ Ixa with the participle, cf. Butt. § 144. N. 7. 

26. dir\(MaaaV) pillaged. This verb properly signifies to snatch 
asunder, as is done when one is eagerly endeavoring to get posses- 
sion of any article. ovd^vC limits diq -/dnaq IX&dv, and kavxov fol- 
lows the comparative y.odxxow. Cf. S. § 186. 1. dq /dnaq il&dr. 

Sturz, Bornemann, and Poppo, interpret: accedere adaliquem. Kriiger: 
convenire ad colloquium. It literally signifies, to come into the hands, 

i. e. to put one's self in the power of any one. iivat. Repeat dq 

%doaq from the preceding clause. 

27. dq xrv axoaxidv, for the army, a form = to the Dat. Com. 

only more emphatic. a vo^if^xai naod paailel xf^ua, lohich with 

kings (lit. with a king) are regarded valuable, or which in the esti- 
mation of a king are of great value. axoinxov /qvoovv, a golden 

necklace. The clause, xr\v %o)qa.v f,irjyJxtd(pao7tdt,8aO-ai, is one of the 

objects of Uur/.s. tjv nov ivTvy/dvooiv, wherever (the Cilicians) 

could find (them, i. e. xd Tionaopiva avdodnoda). 



CHAPTER III. 

1. ot yoLQ. The particle ydg is here causal, i. e. it introduces the" 

reason why the army tarried so long at Tarsus. ovx lyaoav Uvctv, 

refused to go. In absolute negations, ov and the verb or subst. form 
together an idea directly opposite to that of the verb or substantive 



Chap. III.] NOTES. 207 

alone. Cf. Mt. § 60S. 1 ; Butt. § 148. N. 2. to? ngoaou The 

gen. is employed whenever the sense of a verb is limited to a part. 
Cf. Butt. § 132. c. See also the Homeric phrase, &hiv Ttedioco. Prof. 
Woolsey with Kiihner ranks this among the examples of place, which 

Matthise has given, § 377. Krtig. makes it = ?q to Ttgoaot. rjdij 

implies that, previously to this time, they did not suspect the real ob- 
ject of the expedition, or at least that the suspicion had not become 

general. tnl fiamUa livai, that they were marching against 

the king. &zl xovxo>,for this purpose, i. e. to march against the 

king. 7tQoiToq S? Klt'ao/oq ■/.. x. I. Here we see in Clearchus 

the stern soldier, which he is described to be, II. 6. \\ 1-15. We 
also see to what a pitch of exasperation his soldiers were raised, 
that they should dare to throw stones at a general, whom Xeno- 

phon says they feared more than they did the enemy. tfiid- 

£?to, attempted to force. This amative signification of the im- 
perfect (Cf. Butt. § 137. N. 10) is also found, IV. 4. § 19 ; V. 4. § 23. 

fp&D.of'j sc. xolq U&mq (fully written V. 7. § 19), threw stones at 

him. The imperfect in this place expresses an action continued by 
being frequently repeated. 

2. Kltag/oq de tot? (.ifv f.ir/.oov i^/rpxiye xov u.r\ y.axaTTtxQco&rjrat, 
Clearchus then barely escaped being stoned. A verb implying in itself a 
negative, is construed with another negative, on the general principle in 
the Greek language, that one negative strengthens another. Cf. Butt. 
§ 148. K. 9 ; Mt. § 534. b. Obs. 4 ; Vig. p. 171. Dind. edits to ^ y.a- 

Ta7itTQo)d-rivai. dwriosrai. The fut. is often employed to designate 

that which is fut. to past time. iy.y.lr\atav, an assembly. Either le- 
gally or tumultuously gathered together ; here the former, as they were 
summoned by their general. The aorist and imperfect are here inter- 
mingled, as the attention is directed at one time to the accomplishment, 
and at another, to the continuance of the action. clxa, then, de- 
notes sequence in the order of things. Cf. Hoog. Gr. Part. p. 61. 

3. ort zaUnwq cpt'aoj, that I am very much troubled. Cf. Vig. p. 
107. — : — xolq naoovai nouyaaaiv. The dat. is put with many pas- 
sives and neuters, expressing the cause, occasion, or object of the pre- 
ceding action. Cf. Mt. § 399 ; S. § 198. Sometimes inl is -employed 

with this dative. See Bos. El. p. 212. ytvyovxa iy. xvq naxofdoq. 

being an exile from my country. Cf. N. on I. 1. § 7. As yeiyovxa 
alone expresses the idea, an exile from one's country, in consequence 
of the addition in this place of $* xrq naxoidoq, Kriiger conjectures 
that it should be yvyovxa, or that it is put by a kind of attraction for 

qivyovxa ix rf { q jzaxqldoq v.oX cpevyovxa. xa alia, in other respects, 

i. e. in other ways than the one here mentioned. Butt. (§ 150) makes 
to T£ alia — r.aC = as in other respects — so also especially. 



208 NOTES. [Book I. 

akX 01 Sh tta&r;dit7Td&riaa, nor did I waste it in pleasure. dXXd adds 
emphasis to the negation. Cf. Hoog. Gr. Part. p. 4. XL 

4. irijno}Qoi\urjv is here followed by ihe accus. in the sense of, I took 
vengeance upon, I punished. Followed by the dat. its translation 

would be, I avenged. dv&' a>v tv I'na&ov vri Iv.ztvov, in return for 

the favors I received from him, or because that I was well treated by 
him. dv& ojv = dvxl xouxov a (S. § 151. R. 1), or, dvxl rovxov, ot». 
Cf. Butt. § 150. p. 435. 

5. 'End d$, but since, d? is here adversative. ovpnoqtvzo&cii, 

sc. fio(. ngodovxa agrees with p,£ understood the subject of -/or r 

o&cu. Cf. S. § 158. N. 4. juetf ii t uo)i' ie'vai, to go with you (home- 
ward). Schneider, at the suggestion of Porson, has substituted this 
reading for /iu&' vfcuiv tlvcu, to side with or help you. This correction 
makes it harmonize with iyo> ovv v/tuv txpo/ucu, § 6, which seems to be 

a repetition of the same idea. El per drj, whether indeed, il is often 

used in an indirect question with the indicative, especially when de- 
pendent upon a verb implying doubt or uncertainty. Cf. Butt. § 139. 
6. See also the use of the conjunction si, And. and Stod. Lat. Gr. 
§ 261. 2. R. 1. ovv " serves to make reference = as for that mat- 
ter, or however." Woolsey. Cf. V. 6. § 11. Kal ovnoxt, and 

never. v.al is here confirmative, i. e. it introduces a reason for the po- 
sition taken by Clearchus, and therefore serves to confirm his previous 
declaration. The phrase may be rendered, yes, never shall any one 

say, etc. tlq xovq fiaoftdoovq = elq fiaofldoojv /ojuav. Cf. Biq Kao- 

dov/ovq Siyot, III. 5. § 15. See also IV. 7. § 1 ; V. 5, § 1, et ssepe. al. 
The same mode of expression is employed by the Latins. Cf. " relin- 
quebatur una per Sequanos via." Cses. Bel. Gal. I. 8. 

6. 'Alia, but now. The train of thought, partially interrupted by 
the sentences commencing with El f&v b\\, and Kal ovnoxt, is here 

resumed. mCO-io&at, to be persuaded, to believe, to obey, the last 

of which is its meaning here. avv vplv ?\po/ucu. This verb with 

ovv signifies, a latere sequi, to accompany ; without ovv, usually, a ter- 
go sequi, to follow. Cf. Mt. § 403. a. rof.WQw ydg x. x. A. As Clear- 
chus was an exile from his country, he would naturally become 
stronly attached to those who followed Ms fortunes. The sentiment 
is analogous to the beautiful and highly wrough t passage in Horn. II. 
6 : 429-30, where Andromache, after alluding to the death of her 
father and seven brothers by the hand of Achilles, and to the grief 
consequent thereon, which finally brought her mother to the gravej 
says : 

"Ektoq, drag ov (lot hot, 7taxr\g xal noxvta fir\xr\g, 
'Hdt y.aofyvrjToq oi tie pot -9-ctXegbq naqar.olxriq. 



Chap. III.] NOTES. 209 

" Yet while my Hector still survives. I see 
My father, mother, brethren, all in thee." 

av slvou xt'^aoq = oTin'/uioq av s%T}i>. The infinitive ilvai receives 

its potential signification from av (Of. Vig. p. 1S1. VI ; Mt. § 598. 1), and 
is used here in the present, because the idea of continuance or frequent 
repetition is contained in it. oj^/i\aa,t and dl^ao&ai, in the following 
members, are in the aorist, because no reference is had to the perpe- 
tuity of the action. Cf. Mt. § 501. ; Butt. §137.5. av ly.arbq 

zivcu — av oicptXipcu. It is not uncommon to find av joined to the prin- 
cipal verb of the proposition, and also to the part, or infin. Cf. Mt. 

§ 600. 'Slq hiov ovv iovroq. The part, with «; is here put for oxi 

with the finite verb in dependence upon x"r\v yvo> t utjv l/exe. In such a 
case, the Latins employ the accus. with the infm. Cf. Mt. § 569. 5. 
The phrase may be rendered, be assured then that 1 shall go, etc. 

o7t7j, properly a dat.- of the obs. pron. onoq. Written fully onr n 

it agrees with bdw understood. Cf. Vig. p. 153. I ; S. § 123. See 
07trj civ b loyoq, ojotteq nvev^ia, ytQV, xavxtj ixeov. Plat, de Rep. II. 

7. ol allot = ol xolv allow, or as Zeun. interprets, ol xojv a)lv,v 

oxQaxrjyo'rv oxnaxioirai. ov cpatrj. Cf. N. § 1. — 7iooavEO&ai. Cf. 

ovn lyaoav nooevaa&ai, IV. 5 § 15, where Stephen thinks it should be 
7ioqevoto&at. Poppo gives the verb in both these places the force of 
the future. But Krtig. more correctly says : "Ne quis noQzvoto&ab 
conjiciat : est hie aoristus press entis. Oratione directa dicere liceret 

oi' 7toQsvofiai." iTt^veoav, 1 aor. 3. plur. of inavveo) naqa dh 

Zbvlov, sc. antl&bvxzq. 

8. rovroiq aTToqolv, being perplexed by these things. Cf. ol de y.al 
zoxaoav dnoQovvxeq to! nqdy^iaxi, I. 5. \ 14. Cyrus might well be dis- 
tressed at the present aspect of his affairs, finding himself about to be 
deserted by those upon wdiom he placed his chief dependence. It 
will soon be seen with what tact Clearchus extricated himself and his 
Persian chief from their sad predicament. ■ c ti>, i. e. Clearchus. 

ojq y.araarrjooun'ojv xovxwv elq rb dtov, inasmuch as these things 

would be happily adjusted, rioidd have a favorable issue, y.axaoxr^o- 
(it'rwv = y.araora&r t ooi(c'vo)v. Cf. Butt. § 113. 5 ; Mt. §494. II; S. 
§ 207. N. 6. dq rb d'eov, favorably, opportunely, eiq with its case is 

often used adverbially. i{Bxa.7i^uiBo&ai .... avxbv. The object 

of this device was to prevent the soldiers from having any suspicion 
of collusion between Cyrus and Clearchus. or/. \yt\. Cf. N. § 1. 

9. xovq TtqoqO.O-bvxaq avxoj, i. e. the soldiers, who had left Xenias 

and Pasion. xmv al).m> in the next clause limits xbv fiovlo{uvov. 

"Avdotq oxgaxiojxai. This speech of Clearchus is a fine specimen 

of what the Greeks called ).6yovq io/^fiaxt-a^erovq, and which Q,uinct. 
(Inst. Orat. IX. 2 : 25) describes. Similar to this was the speech of 

18* 



210 NOTES. [Book I. 

Agamemnon, Horn. II. II. 110-40. xa jitv dr, ICvoov, the affairs of 

Cyrus. ovrwq l/ft, are the same, i. e. have the same relation. For 

the construction of fytiv with an adverb, cf. N. I. 1. § 5. ovxt — 

It*, no longer, ydo introduces this clause, as illustrative of the pre- 
ceding sentiment. hti& ye. An ellipsis is often implied by yd' 

Since (whatever else we may do) at least we do not follow him. 

10. "On ffitwroi adiy.tia&ai voftCt,iet v(p tjfitov olda, notwithstanding 
(i. e. although there is an apparent equality in the relations between 
Cyrus and ourselves) I know that he thinks he has been ill-treated by 

us. i).&-elv. Buttmann (Irreg. Gr. Verbs, p. 107) remarks, that " the 

forms of tlo-eiv have a decided preference for the meaning come, so 
that %).&& for instance very seldom occurs in the sense of going, 
going away, and those of atf.it are as seldom found in the sense of 

come. But I'n/eoO-ai, partakes almost equally of both meanings." ■ 

to ftfv /Lic'ytorov = o i.ityioxov ioxi, lit. that which is greatest = princi- 
pally, in the first place. This phrase is in apposition with the propo- 
sition with which it is connected. Cf. Mt. § 432. 5. Cf. also II. 5. 
§ 7 ; V. 6. § 29. oTt avvoida i/navro) navra iipevofte'voq avrov, be- 
cause 1 am conscious of having deceived him in all respects. For the 
construction of navza, cf. S. § 167. iipsva/uEvoq (mid. in sense) is con- 
structed in the nominative with avvoida hiavxw, because its subject is 
contained in that of the verb. It might also have been put in the dative 
with the reflexive pron. Cf. Butt. §144. N. 2; Mt. §548. 2; S. 

§ 222. N. 1. My. n r—jji> = Sfayv rovrm a (Cf. S. § 151. R. 1). In 

this equivalent xovtotv depends upon dUrjv, as we say the punishment 
of a crime as well as for a crime. So Matth. (§ 342J remarks that 
" the gen. is sometimes put with substantives absolutely, when other- 
wise rteot with the gen. is used." « (by attraction mv) is governed by 
tiScy.rjo&ai, which in the act. voice has two accusatives. Cf. Mt. 
§§ 415. /?. 424. 1 ; Butt. § 134. 6. 

11. ovv is here illative, i. e. it introduces a conclusion drawn from 

premises. y.ad-evdsn; to be slothful: lit. to lie down to sleep. 

tlfjuoiv avrwr, ourselves. Cf. S. §§ 66 : 182. ix xoixutv, in conse- 
quence of these things. avrov = in avrov xov xonov, here, in 

this place. Cf. Bos. El. p. 134. Schsef. rejects this ellipsis and makes 

avrov gen. of avxo. oy.enxeov poi Soy.fl elvai, it seems to me 

that we must look about, i. e. consider, oy.enxeov elvai = <5fl oy.enxe- 

aO-ai. Cf. Butt. 9 134. 10; S. §§132. 2: 162. N. 1. ono>q, in 

what way, quo modo. It is well remarked by Tittmann, that onwq sug? 
gests to the mind the manner in which any thing is done, while i'ra 
designates the end or cause of an action. Cf. Bib. Repos. Vol. V. p. 

84. 'ftsvovfitv. The subjunctive or fut. indicative follows onojq 

when it refers to fut. time. In the pres., 1 aor. pass., and 2 aor., it 



Chap. III.] NOTES. 211 

takes the subjunctive ; but instead of the 1 aor. act. and mid., it com- 
monly takes the fut. indie. Cf. Butt. § 139. 4 ; Mt. § 519. 7. 

flxs ij&r t) and if now. i}dt] is here used in reference to the immediate 
fut. and qualifies amivai, which has a future signification. Cf. 

Butt. § 108. 5 ; S. § 209. N. 3. See above on /uvovpe*. idtmov, 

a private, sc. soldier. A word pp. used of a private citizen in con- 
tradistinction to one in public life. It sometimes designates one who 

is unlettered, ignorant, hence the Eng. idiot. oyzioq, a defective 

noun used only in the nom. sing. 

12. '0 de drr]o ==■ ovroq 6k b av"rjQ,i. e. Cyrus. 7Zo).Xov /.itv a^ioq 

tplloq, a very valuable friend : lit. a friend worth much. Words requir- 
ing a definition of value are put in the genitive, and in such cases a£ioq 
signifies equal to, as .agioq r\[M,&i(ov i equal to the demi-gods. Cf. Mt. 
§ 363. 5; Rost § 108. 4. b. "En tit, moreover. %xi is here a par- 
ticle of accession. Invoxd^s &a gives intensity to the preceding 

verb. So in common parlance, we see and know = we have certain 

knowledge. doxovfiev. Such was the moderation and urbanity of 

the Greeks, that they often spoke in a doubtful way of what was real 

and certain. Cf. Butt. § 1. N. 1. 7i6qqoj — avxov y.<x.&i\o &<u, to 

be encamped far from him. nq == iy.aoxoq. Cf. S. § 148. N. 1. 

13. Ey. 8\ xovxov, after him. ol [iev — ol <5f, some — others- 

Cf. Butt. § 126. 2 ; S. § 142. 1% xov avxo^dxov = dnh xov avxo- 

(iolxov. Cf. N. on I. 2. § 17. See also Mt. § 574. iyy.iUvoxoi. 

Weisk. interprets : clam compositi et inslructi, comparing ol /.isv av- 
rol y.ax? savxovq, ol tie n'i.zioxoi vnb Kvqov tyy.s'lsvoxoi, Cyr. V. 5. 
§ 39. He compares also lyy.shvuv xalq y.vat, to incite the dogs, which, 
if done in other than a low voice, and as it were secretly (quasi clam), 
would alarm the game pursued. " Vereor," says Schneider, "ne 
nimis subtiliter hsec disputentur." Hutch., Sturz, Born., and Pop., 
rightly translate it, jussus, being directed, which of course in the pres- 
ent instance would be privately done. r\ dnoqta, the diffiadty. 

Th. a priv. and noooq, way. Hence anoqto), to be without a way, i. e. 
without resource ; and dnoola, the state of one who knoics not what 
to do. 

14. ds Srj, but then. 7tqoq7totox'^icvoq ansvdsiv, pretending to be 

in haste. 7tQoq7ioiovf(sroq "EllaSa is a parenthetic clause. — — 

i).f<j&at, depends upon sine (Sslv). The speech is ironical. si firj pov- 

).Bxca for si (jtr\ [}ov).oixo. The Greeks could any where introduce the pres. 
when the real time was obvious from the context, even when citing 
another person's thoughts in sermone obliquo. Butt. § 137. N. 7 ; 
Mt. § 529. 5. The indie, with si is used in the condition of a proposi- 
tion, when its relation to the consequence is such, that if the action 
expressed by the one should take place, that of the other xvouldalso. Cf. 



212 NOTES. [Book I. 

Mt. § 507. 4. b. 7] tf dyogd oxgaxevpaxi. A clause thrown 

in by the historian, to show how ironical was the advice, to procure 
food from a market in the very heart of a large army, which they 

were about to desert. avoxivd^ea O-at, to pack up the bag-gage. 

IXO-ovraq. Kriig. would supply xivdq. rjyt[.i6va alxfivKvgov 

oaxiq diet <pt).(,aq xrjq /w^oc? dnd&i, to ask of Cyrus a guide to con- 
duct (them) as through a friendly country, or more fully, to conduct 
(them) through the country, as through a friendly one. Sturz and 

Poppo translate rjytpova, dux vice ; Born., dux itineris. Kvgov. The 

proper name is often repeated by the Greeks, where a pron. might hav 

been employed. ooxiq = uva, in order that. Cf. S. \ 154. 

and£ti. The future is used for the subjunctive aorist, when it expresses 
continuance of action, or something that will happen at an indefinite 

fut. time. See. Mt. § 519. 7. xrjv xayjaxr\v == xd/ioxa, celerrime. 

Cf. Butt. § 115. 4 ; Mt. §282. 2. Ttgoxaxalrnpo^evovq. The part. 

fut. is employed to express the purpose of the preceding verb. The 
art. is sometimes omitted when the part, signifies any persons what- 
ever of a number. Cf. Mt. § 271. Obs. The dxga, heights, here re- 
ferred to, are those over which the army passed into Cilicia. • 

y&dawov — xaxaXaftovxtq, take them before us. <p&dvm is constructed 
with participles in the same manner as xvy/dvo), Xav&dvoj, etc. See 
N. on I. 1. § 2. Here onojq takes the 1 aor. subj. instead of the fut. 
indie, as in § 11, regard seeming to be had to the transient nature of 

the action. Cf. Mt. § 519. 7 (end). Sv dvrignaxoxzq. The 

construction is here changed into the orat. recta, as if the person him- 
self spoke. This is frequently done by Greek writers. Cf. Mt. 529. 
5. I'/o/lisv dvi]Q7tax6req = dvrjQTtdxa^sv, only more emphatic. Cf. 

Butt. § 150. p. 442 ; Rost § 116. 13 ; S. § 222. N. 2. rooovxov, 

this only, as we say, he said this and no more, too vxoq is a strength- 
ened form of xoaoq. Cf. S. § 73. 1. 

15. c J2q fi\v axgaxi]y}joovxa ijik xai'x^v xr\v oxgaxr\ytav depends 
upon Uyixo), by a construction similar to oj? fyiov lovxoq — yvwfirjv i/s- 
t£, § 6. Render, let no one of you propose m,e as general in this ex- 
pedition. For the construction of oxgcixrjytav oxgaxrjyelv, cf. Butt* 
§ 131. 3 ; S. § 164. Kriig. well remarks, that the difficulties and 
dangers of the return could not seem small, when such a brave and 
skilful man (Cf. II. 2. § 5 ; 6. § 1-16) refused to hold the office of 
leader. — — a>? 3h tw dvdgl or av t).rjo&£ 7ietoof.iai, (but be assured) 
that I will obey the man whom you shall have chosen. In this sudden" 
change of structure, it is evident that txaaxoq Uytxw, instead of pi\- 
Stiq Uysxo), is to be supplied. Kriig. takes Itysxta in the sense of 

i>of.ut,tx<». av tXrjo&e = a fut. prasterite. Cf. Butt. § 139. 12. y.al 

oLQxto&ai, to obey also : lit. to be governed, xat has here a superad- 



Chap. III.] NOTES. 213 

ditory use, as though the words, ou ftovov ag/eiv alia, had preceded. 
Notwithstanding this assertion, Clearchus was not fond of obeying 
others, or being directed in any affair. Had he obeyed the Ephori 
(II. 6. § 3), he would not have been an exile from his country. Had 
he listened to the suggestion of Cyrus (I. 8. § 13), the result of the 
battle at Cunaxa would have been far different. Xenophon also re- 
marks (II. 6. § 15), that it was said he was unwilling to be ruled by 
others. A reason for this may have heen his consciousness of supe- 
rior military talents, which was tacitly acknowledged by the other 
commanders. Cf. II. 2. § 5. 

16. Mttct tovtov, after him. Halbk. suspects, but withont suf- 
ficient reason, that this speaker was Xenophon himself. hirjO-siav, 

foolishness. This individual commences by gravely refuting the 
mock speech of the one who had just spoken, all which is done in order 

to deceive the soldiers. ibansQ ndXiv tov arolov Kvgtv fir} noiovfd- 

vov. A somewhat difficult passage, and one which has received va- 
rious translations. Zeun. and Schneid. interpret: quasi Cyrus post- 
hac non esset expeditionem navalem suscepturus. Weisk : quasi Cy- 
rus non retro ita per mare facturus esset. But with both these inter- 
pretations, as Popp. justly observes, the article conflicts. Born, pre- 
fers : quasi retro (i. e. posthac) non navigaturus esset. Kriig. rejects 
fir} and interprets: quasi Cyrus rediturus esset. Of these interpreta- 
tions Bornemann's is the best, for the speaker bases his remark on the 
assumption, that Cyrus was marching against the Pisidians, and upon 
their subjugation would return back to his satrapy. Ttoiovfit'vov has 
in this place the force of the future. afcelv here takes naod tov- 
tov instead of the accus. of the person. « Xvjicnvoftt&ct trjv 

TtQa&v, whose enterprise we are ruining (by deserting him). For 

the change of construction into the oral, recta, cf. N. on § 14. £ 

av Kvgoq Sidoi stands for oV av Kvgoq 3tSw, the relative being attracted 

by its antecedent fjytuovi tIy.mXvil y.al t« av.qa rjfuv xsXtveiv Kv- 

gov 7tgoy.ara).aji((?di'air. Poppo with several other critics renders this : 
quid obstat quinjuga quoque Cyrum nobis (i. e. in nostrum commodum) 
pr&occuparejubeamus; i. e. if the relations are so amicable between 
us and Cyrus, that we could obtain from him a faithful guide, what 
hinders our requesting him to send a detachment of soldiers to secure 
for us the Pylse Cilicise ? Thus construed there is a vein of irony in 
the sentence. Kriig. interprets : quid impedit quo minus Cyrus nobis 
(i. e. detrimento) anteoccupari jubeat. 

17. 3 Eyoj yaq. The thought contained in irtiSaiv.vvq u$v rr,v s\i]- 

-9-Biav •/.. r. A., is here resumed and illustrated. oxvoCrjv, I should 

be slow, i. e. reluctant. When this verb contains the idea of fear it is 
followed by fir] with the opt. or subj. The general rule is, that the 



214 NOTES. [Book L 

opt. follows the prast. and the subj. the pres., but the reverse often 
takes place, since the object of fear is mostly considered as future. 
See Mt. § 520. 8 ; Butt. § 148. 4. Some grammarians supply tpopoi*- 
fi-svoq upon which fjtr\ is in dependence, but which is omitted because 

the idea of fear is already expressed in oxvobjv. Cf. Rost p. 389. 

avrdlq ralq TQvqgsot,. " When a word, which expresses accompani- 
ment has avToq with it, both are put in the dat. without oiW Mt. 

§ 405. Obs. 3. 0&-8V or/ olov re i'arat l&Xfr&v, whence it would be 

impossible to extricate ourselves. The full construction is to r\paq t|*I- 
&tlv oi'x olov rs I'otcu Tjiuv. Mt. ($479. Obs. 2. a.) makes oloq 
ffyfct, or oloq % tipl ,=== xoiovxoq fltii, More, lam of such a kind, as, 
which may signify : (1) I am able. (2) I am wont. (3) I am ready, 
willing, oloq Tf when spoken of persons signifies, able; of things, 

possible. Cf. Butt. § 435 ; S. § 219. N. 2. od-tv, i. e. hJtae o&ev. 

ka&tlf avrov, unknown to him. For the construction of XaO-elv 

with a,7Z£).&o)i>, see N. on I. 1. § 9. Notice that the aor. part, is here 
employed with an aor. verb. Cf. Butt. § 14-4. N. 8. 

18. I'yojys, I indeed, ys is appended for the sake of emphasis. 

Cf. Butt. §§ 72. N. 4 ; 149. p. 431. tcu'tcc fiev ylvaoiaq. For the 

sake of emphasis the demon, pron., which is here the subject, is put 
in the neut. while the subst. in the predicate is fern. Cf. Mt. § 440. 7. 

%t = dq r(. Cf. Butt. § 131. 7 ; Mt. $409. 6. oi'cmtg y.cd ngo- 

a&tv tyorJTG rolq t-evoiq, to that in which he formerly employed foreign 
troops, oiantq by attraction and omission of its antecedent (S. § 151. 
R. 1). = lv,e(vr\ oiavneo. In this equivalent, h.tfvtj follows naoanlri- 
afa (S. § 195. 1), and oftwrfo is constructed with £/o-»jto (S. § 167). 
Reference is here had to the 300 Greeks, who under Xenias accom- 
panied Cyrus to the capital, where his father lay sick. Cf. I. 1. §2. 

v.av.lnvq = less brave and faithful. toi'tw, i. e. Cyrus. 

19. rtjq TZooo&tr, SC. 7lQa§£0)q. a;iovv. Supply Soy.fT fiotj from 

§ 18. rj mtaarra, either having persuaded, viz. by holding out 

greater pecuniary inducements. nooq epiltav = (pifaxaiq. So 

Brod., Zeun., Weisk., and Krug. Cf. Mt. § 591. f. where examples 
are furnished of nooq with the accus. taken in an adverbial sense. 
Schneid., Hutch., Born., Popp., interpret: in terrampacatam, on the 

ground that the idea of rpdiy.ojq is contained in naoO-hvxa. av 

after §~3t<nfie.vm is to be taken with iTtot^zd-a. The transposition of 
this particle is quite frequent, and its position depends mostly upon 

euphony. Cf. Butt. § 139. N. 4. nqo&v pot, zealous, ready to dtf 

him any service. nooq ravra, in respect to those things, viz. the 

subjects of inquiry. 

20. oi tiqono)v Kvqov t« dot-arra, who put to Cyrus the questions 
which had been resolved on. 'Jpgoy.ofiav, Abrocomas, a Persian 



Chap. IV.] NOTES. 215 

satrap, who commanded one of the divisions of the king's forces, but 
did not participate in the battle at Cunaxa having arrived too late- 

Cf. I. 7. § 12. tyd-obv ardoa, i. e. an enemy. avr)o joined with a 

subst. or adj. forms a periphrasis for a subst. Cf. I. 8. § 1 ; Mt § 430. 6. 

a/.ovoi — tlvai. Verbs of hearing and learning take the pariiciple, 

when a fact is adduced, which is heard with one's own ears ; the infini- 
tive, when the information of the fact is received from others. Cf. Mt. 
§ 549. 6. Obs. 2 ; Rost § 129. 4. c. ro7 Evcpodrji nota^io). This cele- 
brated river rises in the mountains of Armenia, and flowing southward- 
ly, somewhat in the form of a crescent, through Syria and Mesopota- 
mia, empties itself into the Persian gulf. donhy.a oraOnovq. Cyrus 

seems purposely to have fallen short of the real distance, as we find that 
they marched nineteen stations before they reached the river at Thap- 

sacus. rrji' d'.y.r\v — tnid-ilvai, to inflict punishment. 

"21. 7zgoqaiTovoi dh pio&bv, asking an increase of pay. Kriig. 

makes it= TZobq rovroj bv r\St\ I'cpsoov aklov pioQbv airoiaiv. ot/= 

tovtov ov (S. § 151. R. 1), of which equivalent, rovrov follows fy'iUfoov 
implying comparison (S. § 186. 2), and ov (i. e. ol) referring to t ut- 
a&ov is governed by iq>toov = ilafipavov. Bloom, on Thucyd. III. 17- 
§ 3, says that the mid. form of <pow in this sense is far more usual. 

to? frrjrbq, each month, a gen. of time. Cf. Butt. § 132. 4. b.- 

iv ye tw (pat-tow, at least openly. Although strong suspicions w r ere 
still entertained respecting the real object of the expedition, yet no 
open avowal of it was made either by Cyrus or those in his confidence. 



CHAPTER IV. 

1. toy 2a.Qov Ttoxapov. The river Sarus rises in Cappadocia, and 
flowing through Cilicia falls into the Cilician sea. The Pyramus 
(tbv JJvoapov) is a larger and longer stream, nearly parallel with the 

Sarus and flowing into the Sinus Issicus. 'Iooovq. Issus lay on 

the N. E. side of the head of the Sinus Issicus. Steph. says that it 
was called, Nicopolis, city of victory, on account of the great battle 
fought there between Alexander and Darius. 

2. ty. Jle).o7rovrriaov vtjiq, viz. those sent by the Lacedemonians to the 

aid of Cyrus. in aircuq, over them. c Hynro. Some translate i 

vice, dux erat. But then we should expect aircuq instead of a\r£,r. 
Cf. Mt. § 360. a. When followed by the gen. it signifies to rule, com- 
mand. See Mt. § 359. 3. That this is the signification of the verb 
here, is confirmed by raxqixioaq which follows. Cf. I. 2. §21. 
2£ 'Efiaov is to be taken with i\yslro. In-'qaq, = propterea, be- 



216 



NOTES. 



[Book I. 



sides. Cf. N. on I. 5. § 5. Tamos was a native of Memphis. After 
the death of his patron, he fled with his ships into Egypt, and was 

there murdered by King Psammitichus. ore. With Born., 

and Dind., I prefer this reading instead of on the common one. 
Poppo connects ovvsitolefiat with tJv : and makes jtoo? avxov refer 
to Tissaphernes. But y.al evidently connects avvcnoUfist with 
$7Toh6gy.si. As Chirisophus has now joined the expedition, we will 
give a tabular list of the number of troops led by each general. 



Commanders 


Heavy 


Light 


Total. 




Armed. 


Armed. 




.Xemas . ..... 


40U0 




400U 


Proxenus ... . . 


1500 


500 


2000 


Sophasnetus Stymph. 


1000 




1000 


Socrates 


500 




500 


Pasion ... . ... 


300 


300 


600 


Menon . , . 


1000 


500 


1500 


Clearchus 


1000 


1000 


2000 


Sosias ... 


300 




300 


Sophasnetus Arcad. 


1000 




1000 


Chirisophus . ..... 


700 




TOO ■ 


11 300 


2300 


13600 



If we read IJaato,v dq hnxay.ooiovq avdgaq in I. 2. § 3, the sum here 
given will harmonize with the number reviewed by Cyrus (I. 2. § 9) 

+ the force led by Chirisophus. Cf. N. I. 2. § 3. wgpovr, lay at 

anchor. Ttagd, near, alongside. 

4. inl nvlaq v.. x. ).., to the gates of Cilicia and Syria, usually 

called Pylee Syria*. Cf. N. on I. 2. $ 22. *H(mv ft xavxa. 

Weiske conjectures that rjo*v <T Ivxavd-a is the true reading, on the 
ground that nvlai is a name given to narrow straits between two 
mountains rather than to fortresses. But xtt/n and tziO.cu may easily 
be used as synonymous; and as it respects the apparently conflicting 
phrase, xa xsf/>i a}qtt]v O-dlaxxav y.a&-r}y.ovra, why, as Krliger remarks, 
could not fortresses have been so constructed, that they might truly 
be said sk &d?.axrav xa&fatv ? The following figure will illustrate 
the position of this pass. 



Mountains. 







q 










D 


a 




m 


> 




< 


m 




o 


3 

Oh 



Sea. 



Chap. IV.] NOTES. 217 

to uh> I'om&ev, the inner one, i. e. the Cilician gate. t<yo)&zv preceded 

by the art = an adj. Cf. Butt. § 125. 6. We should have expected 
the article to repeated before nqh rrjq KiXiy.iaq, as in the next clause to 

tzqo t/]s ~vQi'ag. Cf. Mt. § 277. a; Butt. § 125. 3. to ^tiaov xoiv 

rsi/oJv ?pav arddiot. In this clause, to jluoov (Cf. Mt. § 269 ; S. §138. 2) 
is the subject of r\aav, which takes its number from axddioi, the predi- 
cate-nominative, that being nearest to the verb. See Mt. § 305. 

atevij, narrow. This being a relative term must be determined by the 
subject to which it refers. Rennell remarks that " where Xenophon says 
the pass was narrow ((mi'ij), he could only mean in reference to a front 
formed for an attack ; since there was width for a fortress, and one too, 
large enough to contain a considerable force." r[Xlftaroi. Some de- 
rive this word, which is always an epithet of 7ti-xqr\, from yXtoq, the 
sun, and patvo), to go, giving it the signification, sun-reaching, sun- 
extending = high, towering. But from the inappropriateness of this, 
as an epithet of caves and of Tartarus (Cf. Hesiod &. 483; Eurip. 
Hippol. 732), Buttmann (Lexil. No. 61) prefers the etymology, which, 
supposes it an abridgement of r[Xi%6fi<x%oq, according to the analogy 
of fjhro/icrii'oq, rjhrosQyoq, in which words lie the idea of missing or 
failing in ; so that tiUfiaroq, would express the facility of making a 
false step in ascending a precipitous height or descending a steep de- 
clivity. Passow prefers this derivation of the word, adding, however, 
another AASl, dXdo/ucu, that from which the footstep slips. It appears 
then from these eminent authorities, that r\X(fiaToq has the general 
signification, a steep ascent difficult or impossible to be climbed. The 
overhanging and inaccessible cliffs here spoken of, were on the left 
hand of one going from Cilicia into Syria. nvXai, gates, not for- 
tresses as above in r t aav 6$ ravra dvo rei'/tj- 

5. fYaoj y.al I'£oj roiv nvXwv, within (i. e. between the fortresses) 
and without the fortresses (i. e. on the Syrian side). The reason is 

given in the next clause. fiiaodiuvoi, xovq TtoU^dovq, having 

forced the enemy (from their position). naotl&oitv, sc. ol bnXlxat. 

qwXdxxoitr, sc. of noX^uoi. yxovoe Kvqov — ovxa = qxovos 

on Kvooq r\v (S. § 222. 2). Tomxoi'Tct /imqidSaq oxqaxidq. The 

Persian kings, especially in the latter years of the empire, seldom took 
the field without having assembled a vast army. They did not reflect 
that an undisciplined army was weak in proportion to its numbers; 
or that a few thousand well disciplined and veteran troops, were far 
superior to countless myriads of raw inexperienced men. Notwith- 
standing the terrible lessons, which, from the time of Darius Hystas- 
pis, they had received from the Greeks, they clung to the belief that 
numbers constituted the main strength of an army, until Darius Cod- 
omanus vainly and for the last time assembled immense masses of his 

19 



218 NOTES. [Book I 

subjects, to be broken and trampled down by the Macedonian phalanx 
and. the Thessalian cavalry. 

6. M voiavSoov, Myriandrus, here located by Xenophon in Syriaj 
but by Scylax and Strabo, in Cilicia, was a place of considerable 
trade, being originally a Phcenecian settlement and partaking of the 

enterprise and commercial spirit of the mother country. bly.ddeq, 

merchant ships. These ships differed, in structure from vessels of 
war, being oval with broad bottoms. Cf. Smith's Diet. Gr. and Rom. 
Antiq. p. 877. The Schol. on Thucyd. VI. 43, thus enumerates the 
different kinds of vessels there referred to, xgifyetq xa/elai, xoirjosiq 
oxgaxio'jxidcq, 7thvxr { y.bvxogoi, lrtayo)yol, nloia, bly.ddeq. " Of these last 
two, the nloia were barges attending on the triremes, the hhcdStq 
were vessels of burden serving as transports." Bloom. 

7. 'EvxavO-a tfitivav f[fi£Quq Inxd to unload, as Rennell suggests ? 
the stores and provisions brought in the fleet, which, as he now was 
to leave the sea coast, could accompany him no farther, rd nuloxov 

alia, most valuable effects. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 12. fitv xdlq nltl- 

atoiq idoxovv. So Dind., Born., Pop., and Kriig., edit in place of «*V- 
Tot nldaxovq ido/.ti, the common reading. Kruger would mentally 

supply, allot, (^ alluq Zdotja^ov. oxi xovq oxQaxib)xaq v.. r. I. The 

order is : Kvooq sVa xbv Kleao/ov h/eiv xovq oxoaxiwxaq •/.. x. X. Ren- 
der wq dmovxaq, with the expectation of returning. Cf. N. on I. 1. 

§ 10. y.al ov rtgbq fiaoilta, SC. iorxaq. dirjl&e loyoq. a rumor 

spread abroad, on dio'yy.oi. In the orat. obliqua, the opt. without 

civ is put after oxt , oiq, oxi, etc., whatever may be the time designated 

by the verb. Cf. Mt. § 529. 2. ol t uh> ev/ovxo, some earnestly 

wished, ev/opai is never found in the Anabasis, and rarely in the 

other writings of Xenophon, with the augment <r\v. dlojooivxo. 

The fat. middle here = fut. passive. Cf. Rost § 114. 1. N. 1 ; S. 
§ 207. N. 6. 

8. 'Anolzlotnaaiv rjaciq, have deserted us.- IniaxdaO-oyoar, pres. 

imperat. mid. of Inloxaaai. dno^t^^dyaaiv — dnoTCMftvyaoiv, An 

obvious distinction is here made between these words. The former 
signifies to abscond so as not to be found; the latter, to flee away so 

as to evade pursuit. oi'/ovxai, are gone. oY/ofiai has not only 

the signification of the present, I depart, am in the act of departing; 
but also the force of the perfect, 1 am gone, and in this sense is the 

opposite of i]y.w, I am come. fia xovq &tovq. When /ud stands 

alone it serves as a negative. Cf. Butt p. 430 ; S. §171. N. 1. 

<5Y«£w, The more usual form is dioigouai. Cf. Butt. § 113. 4. xiq 

— y.al avxovq. When xlq stands for a whole class rather than for an indi- 
vidual, it is referred to by a plur. pron. Cf. Mt. § 434. 2. b. iovxvn: 

The common reading, .ov xcov dv is retained by Hutch., and Weisk. j but 



Chap. IV.] NOTES. 219 

Matthise (§ 599. e) has clearly shown that av cannot be joined with 
an imperative. It is rejected by Steph., Pors., Schneid., Dind., Born. 

Pop., and Kriig. mol rj/uaq, towards us. Cf. I. 6. § 8 ; III. 2. 

§ 20. KaCxot ye — dkk\ although — yet. Tqdlhoi. Tralles was 

an opulent city of Lydia not, far from Magnesia. orfg^novrai = 

aregrjd-ijaovrau Cf. Butt. §113.5; Mt. §496.8; S. §207. N. 6. 
i% .... aofTTj?. Cyrus seems to have reposed considerable con- 
fidence in these g-enerals, especially in Xenias. See I. 1. § 2 ; 2. § 1 

9. si xiq, lit. if any one — whoever, all who. Render eX xiq y.al, 

even those who. dcofT^i', humanitatem, clementiam. 7zqo&vp6?i- 

qov, with greater alacrity. Xdlov. Hutch, says the name of 

this river cannot elsewhere be found. &aobq iv6(itt,ov. Derceto 

the mother of Semiramis the celebrated queen of Assyria, having 
thrown herself inio the sea, became partially transformed into a fish. 
Afterward the Syrians paying her divine honors, abstained from 
eating fish, regarding them as sacred. Semiramis after her 
death, was said to be changed into a dove, and hence the wor- 
ship of that bird among the Syrians and Assyrians, ivofutov = vo- 

/uttovai. Tlaqvodxidoq ijoav, belonged to Parysatis. ilq tojvr/V) 

The Persian kings assigned to the cities and villages of the empire, 
the duty of supplying their queens and other favorites with articles of 
luxury. Corn. Nep. says, that Artaxerxes gave a domicile to Themis- 
tocles at Magnesia, which city was to supply him with bread ; Lamp- 
sacus, with wine ; and Myus, with viands. In the present instance, 
these villages were to keep the queen-dowager in girdles. The 
amount of this tax would of course depend upon her caprice and prod- 
igality. 

10. JaodSaxoq, " fluvius aliis scriptoribus ignotus." Hutch. 

Poppo makes dytjavroq = dq/ovroq. " qui ad Cyri adventum usque 
prcefectus fueraV Kriig. This satrap must not be confounded 
with the Belesis, who conspired with Arbaces against Sardanapaius. 

and was afterwards governor of Babylon. Cf. VII. 8. § 25. Sqat, 

sc. irovq, seasons (of the year). Kvooq — ^exoipe. It is an old 

maxim: Qui facit per alium, facitper se. avrbv, i. e. the park. 

11. i7il xov Evq)qdrt]v 7Toraftbr. Cyrus struck the river at Thap- 
sacus, a famous ford, crossed by Darius after his defeat at Issus, and 
three years after by Alexander previous to the battle of Arbela. In 
his march to this place he passed through the northern borders of 
Syria Proper, having the mountains, which lie along the eastern shore 

of the Mediterranean, upon his right. 'EvravO-a l\u?ivav rtfis^aq 

nivxz. His detention here was owing probably to the unwillingness 

of the army to march against the king. r\ bdbq, the expedition. 

u expeditio bellica? Born. 



220 NOTES. [Book I. 

12. IxatltTtaivov rolq oxQax?jydtq, were enraged at the generals. 
Well they might be indignant, having been inveigled away so far 
from home, and kept in ignorance of the real nature of the expedition, 

until it was too late to abandon it. avxovq — y.qvnxuv = on avxol 

Xv.qvnxov. See Mt § 499. ow I'cpaoav Uvav. Cf. N. on I. 3. \ 1. 

iav ftrj, unless. Cf. S. § 224. 3. xiq i. e. Cyrus. Without a subst. 

xiq signifies, some one, a certain one. S. § 148. 2. — — /Q^uaxa. 
Kruger says, " hie non de stipendiis, sed de donis sermo est." But 

Sturz rightly interprets, stipendia, wages. wotteq y.oJl, sc. do&?ji>ai. 

the same as (was given). — y.al tavxa, and that too. Cf. Passow, No. 
12 ; Mt. § 470. 6 ; Butt. § 150. p. 436, The peaceful character of 
the former avdfiaaiq of Cyrus to Babylon, contrasted with the toilsome 
and perilous expedition in which he was now engaged, is used by 
the soldiers as an additional reason, why they should receive as high 

wages as those, who went up with Xenias (I. 1. § 2). iovxwv, sc. 

avxoJVy See N. on nqolovxtav, I. 2. \ 11. 

13. fivdq. The mina was a name given not to a coin but to a sum 
= 100 drachma. The old Attic dgct^/A,^ = 17 cents 5-93 mills ; the later 
doaxpri = 16 cents, 5-22 mills. A mina or 100 of the former = $17. 
59; of the latter. $16.52. Hussey (Ancient Weights &c. pp. 47, 48) 

makes the drachma == 9.72 pence, or, about 18 cents 0-55 mills. 

Inav rjy.ojat. Cf. N. on av I'Xyo&f, I. 3. § 15. fie/oiq av y.axa- 

oxriorj y.. x. X. It seems by this, that the pay of mercenaries ceased 
in whole or part, when the enterprise for which they were employed 

was achieved. xo — 7tolv, the greater part. Cf. Mt. § 266. 

xov 'EkXrjvr/.ov = xoiv 'EXktjvon'. Cf. Mt. § 445. d. Mevo)V dt. A 

glimpse is here given of the character of Menon, who, from the ac- 
count given of him by Xenophon (II. 6. §§ 21-9), to have been a com- 
pound of every thing base and wicked. x m ^ ™ v ^LHf° v t apart 

from the others, i. e. from the divisions led by the other generals. 

14. "AvdQtq, men, soldiers, here a term of honor. nUov nqoxi- 

/Ltrjaio&s ( === TTgoxiarjO-ijosoO-s), you will be far more honored. The 
composite nqo is here redundant, the comparison being expressed by 
rcliov. " Many grammatical pleonasms," says Matth. (§636. Obs.) 
" are not so in a rhetorical view, as they serve to give distinctness or 

force to the expression." TC ovv xsXsva> 7Zoirjacu ; A rhetorical 

question, serving to call attention to what the speaker was about to 

sa y. ifiaq -/orjvcu, that you ought, xgqvai has here a personal 

construction. Cf. Butt. § 129. 10. Kvgy, i- e. to the proposals of 

Cyrus. 

15. yag serves to introduce the reason why Menon's troops should 

first cross the Euphrates. ipricpCocorxcu is derived from yrjepoq. a 

small stone or pebble, (Lat. calculus'), used in reckoning on an abacus, 



Chap. IV.] NOTES. 221 

whence qtj<p%(o, I calculate ; and also in voting, whence yti<pt£o(icu, 
I vote, I resolve. It is here used metaphorically, as the method of 
voting in the army was doubtless by a show of hands (/ftooTor^a). 
Cf. Man. Clas. Lit. p. 510 • Smith's Diet. Gr. and Rom. Antiq. p. 

805. /dgiv eiottat, Kvgoq y.al anod^ou, Cyrus will be grateful (to 

you) and repay (the favor). Cf. Vig. p. 56. iXoo^iav fut. mid. of 
tXSot, used chiefly by the Attics instead of ddr]oo). See Butt. Irreg. 

Verbs p. 78 ; Mt § 231. Inloxaxai <P & xiq y.al alloq, and he 

knows (how to do this, i. e. requite a favor) if any other one (does). 

d.7toxpri(p(aoivxai, decide not (to follow Cyrus), dno in composi- 
tion has sometimes a privative force. Cf. Vig. p. 222. XVII. 

dm^uv f.iiv anavxtq siq xovpnaliv (i. e. xo ff,t7tahv), we shall all (both 
Greeks and Barbarians) return. The verb is changed to the 
1 pers., because with dnavxtq it is used in its most extensive sense. 

For its fut signif., cf. S. § 209. N. 3. dq <poovgia y.al ilq lo/aytaqt 

for commanders of citadels and companies. dllov ovxivoq 

= alio oltivoq (S. § 151. 2). alio (i. e. dllov) is constructed with 
xzv£io&e Kvoov. according to the formula, xv/dreiv xCxivoq (Mt. § 328. 5. 
Obs). Sturz finds no attraction in dllov, but constructs it with Kv- 
qov, as forming a double gen. after xev^o&e. So Carmichsel, Gr. 
Verbs, p. 289. 

16. jjo&exo diafofirjxoxaq = rfi&ixo oxt (ZxiTvoi) dtefofiriy.toav, or 

rja&cxo oxt (ixelvoi) diafitfirjy.oxtq tier. riovv^ Glus, son of Tamos 

the admiral of Cyrus. rjdrj, novj. The implication is that this award 

of praise would be followed by a more substantial expression of his 

gratitude. onwq, in order that, onwq has here the telic (xalixoiq) 

sense, i. e. it marks the end or purpose of an action. When it marks 
the result or upshot of an action, it is said to be used in an ecbatic 

Qyfiaxiy.ojq) sense, and is translated so that. inaivt'osxt. Another 

example of the fut. act. is found V. 5. § 8, although the fut. mid. with 
an active signif. is the more usual form. Cf. Butt. §113. N. 7; S. 
§ 207. N. 5. /Lttjyixi, (.it Kvqov vojutZsxt, think me no longer Cyrus, 

= think my nature wholly changed from what it now is. 

17. tvyovxo avxov evxn/rjoai, wished him success (in his enterprise). 
diefiaive, he (i. e. Cyrus) began to cross over. dvorego). 

Some adverbs derived from obsolete adjectives end in m instead of 
wq, and in the same manner (i. e. in u>) form their degrees of compar- 
ison. Cf. Butt. § 115. 6 ; Thiersch § 71. 

18. diafiaxoq, fordable. Verbals in to? have often the idea of ca- 
pability or possibility, like the Eng. ile, He. Cf. Butt. §§ 102. N. 2 : 

134. 8. nttjj (i. e. 7Togevofitvoiq rtttfi), to those going on foot, is a 

dat. of manner opposed to nlotoiq. Butt. (§ 115. 4) makes n*tr\. xoivjj, 
Idta, SrifAoata, etc., supply the place of adverbs. Cf. Mt. § 400. 5. — . 

19* 



222 NOTES. [Book I. 

el [trj rots, except then. dlld = alia fiotbv. &s~iov 

elvai, divino consilio factum. Sturz. It is said that a bridge was 
afterwards thrown across the river at this place, upon which the 
armies of Darius and Alexander crossed over. vno/ojotjoat, to sub- 
mit : lit. to give place. a>q paoifovoovxi, as to its future king. 

19. xijq SvgCaq, i. e. Mesopotamia, the general name Syria being 
given by the Greeks not only to Syria Proper, but also to Mes- 
opotamia, (fie'ooq, 7zora/i(6q,) lying between the Tigris and Euphra- 
tes. Xenophon (I. 5. §1) calls the southern part of Mesopota- 
mia, Arabia. The Hebrew name for Mesopotamia was D^tti tnx, 
Syria of the two rivers, or Aramea. Cf. Gen. 24 : 10. Syria 
Proper, or Western Syria, was called enx. Cf. Judg. 3 : 10; 

IK. 10 : 29. to)' Agdt^v. This river is now called Khab- 

our from its former name Chaboras. Xenophon has given the 
name Araxes to this stream, and Phasis to the Araxes or Arras of 

Armenia. Cf. IV. 6. § 4 ; Rennell, p. 205. [itoxal olxov. For the 

construction, cf. S. \ 181. 1. Imaixtaavxo^ and furnished them- 
selves with provisions. 



CHAPTER V. 

1. 'Agafitaq. Cf. N. on I. 4. § 19. oxa&/ttovq tgijpovq. The 

southern part of Mesopotamia was dry and sterile. It will be seen 
that Cyrus made longer marches through this desert region, than 
where the country was fertile and populous, the reason for which is 

given, I. 5. §§ 7, 9. dnav, (cum and ndq.) qualifies 6/ualbv. 

ayiv&tov dk Tilrjgeq, full of wormwood, i. e. the surface of the earth 
was covered with this plant. So dvijg nH\gr\q Ungaq, a man full of 
(i. e. fully covered with) leprosy. Luke 5 : 12. 

2. Qrjota d$ naviola, sc. h>vpu ovot, aygioi, wild asses. For a 

graphic description of this animal, cf. Job 39 : 5-9. See also Gen. 
16 : 12, where as illustrative of the lawless wandering habits of 
Ishmael and his descendants, it is said that he shall be d^x ans, lit. a 
wild ass of a man. fcns, wild ass, is derived from &nB, to run sioift- 
ly. oxgov&ol at [itydlat, ostriches. oxgov&ol alone usually signi- 
fies sparrows. oittSeq, bustards. Buffon says, that the name is 

derived from the long feathers near the ears. dogy.ddiq, gazelles, 

or roe deer, remarkable for the beauty of their eyes and sharpness of 

sight. Inzl xiq Svoixot. when any one pursued (them) = as often 

as they were pursued. The opt. is used with Imt when the discourse 
is concerning a past action often repeated. Cf. Mt. § 521 ; Butt. 
§ 139. N. 6. nqodqapovxeq, having outstripped (their pursuers). 



Chap. V.] NOTES. 223 

«)' laraaav. Dind. omits av, but following Born., Pop., and Kriig., I 
have retained it. Butt. (§ 139. N. 5.) says that this particle often gives 
to the indie, the sense of a customary action. So also Mt. § 599. 2. a. 
lotaoav is a syncopated form of the pluperf. (Butt. § 107. 3) = imperf. 
(S. § 209. N. 4). ravzbp Inoiow, i. e. they again ran on in ad- 
vance and then halted. ow r\v Xaptlr, sc. avroi q, it was not pos- 
sible to take (them). Butt. (§ 150. p. 438) remarks, that I'vpoit refers 
to the physical possibility, it. is possible ; Qso-mv to the moral, it is 
lawful , one may; taxi stands indefinite between the two, it may or 

can be done. si fi-ij 6iaordvxsq ol innsiq O-^gwsv 6t,a6ex6[isroi rolq 

1317101% unless standing at intervals, the horsemen hunt them, succeed- 
ing one another with (fresh) horses, 6ia.6sxof.iaij to receive through, 
sc. others. Hence, to receive in succession, or, succeed to one another. 
Here the pursuit was received through the series of horsemen, until 
the animal was taken, or the relays were all exhausted, -d-tigwev. 

Cf. S. § 87. N. 2. rolq Xnnoiq denotes the means. S. § 198. 

rolq ttatpsioiq, sc. xgsaoiv. 6s is said by Hoog. (p. 38) to elegant- 
ly close a sentence either disjunctively or adversatively. 

3. ra/v Inavovxo, quickly cease, i. e. give up the pursuit. 

a7Tsa7ta.ro. It is unnecessary here to repeat the various readings ot 
this word. I have followed the one which Dindorf on the conjecture 
of Buttmann has adopted. The mid. d7tou7tdofiai signifies to remove 
or tear one's self away from, "vi se abripere." Sturz. 7to).v yag ans- 
and.ro cpsvyovoa maybe rendered, for flying (i. e. in its flight) it ran 
far in advance ; or, (making the participle express the principal action, 
and the verb accessory (Mt. p. 966), for it fled away running far 

ahead. nool and 7t<itov£iv follow y,q(ajisvr[. Cf. S. § 198. N. 1. 

6g6axo,in running (S. § 197. 2), is opposed to agaoa (sc. savryv), 

in raising (itself) up. — mgttsq iarUa is to be joined in sense to rolq 6k 
7its'qv§iv agaoa. " Nothing can be more entertaining than the sight 
of the ostrich when excited to full speed ; the wings by their rapid 
but unwearied vibrations, equally serving them for sails and oars, 
while their feet, no less assisting in conveying them out of sight, seem 

to be insensible of fatigue." Encyc. Rel. Knowl. p. 896. raxt 

avtorf,, suddenly starts them. Ion lapfidvsiv. See N. on qv 

lafizlr, § 2. Pga/v, a little (distance). 

4. igrj/Lir,. Kriig. thinks that this city was deserted by the inhabi- 
tants through fear of Cyrus. Kogoojrr;, Corsote, the site of which 

seems to correspond to a spot where are now the ruins of a large city 

called Erzi or Irsah. Maaxd. Dor. gen. of Maoxdq. Cf. S. 

| ,31. N. 3. Dindorf accents Mdaxa. 

5. Tlvlaq, i. e. the Pyloe Babylonia?, through which the route 
lay from Mesopotamia to Babylonia. alio oi>6sv 6ev6oov. As no 



224 ' NOTES. [Book I. 

tree has been previously spoken of, SiXXo must be considered redun- 
dant. " Verti potest prceter -eaP Kriig. Cf. ivifjaq, I. 4. § 2 ; XXoi dl 

jjoav, I. 7. § 11 ipilri, bare (of trees or herbage). ovovq aU- 

taq. Hesych. interprets ovoq ' 6 dvoixegoq Xt&nq xov fiiXov y the upper 
millstone. Hatch, thinks that it was so called, because asses were 
employed in turning the larger millstones. See Matt. 18 : 6, where the 
upper millstone is called fivXoq ovtx'6%. The smaller stones were turned 
by females of the lowest condition. Cf. Jahn Arch. §§ 13S, 139 ; 

Rob. Lex. N. T. art. fivXoq avxayogdt,ovx£q, purchasing in return. 

It is evident from this, as well as other passages, that Babylon was 
indebted to the countries lying up the Euphates, for many of the con- 
veniences and even necessaries of life. For a valuable article on the 
commerce of Babylon, see Bib. Repos. Vol. VII. pp. 364-90. 

6. AvdCa ayoqu. Larch, observes from Herod. I. 155. 157, that 
the Lydians had practised stall-keeping and trade from the time of 
the elder Cyrus, who by depriving them of the use of arms, had ren- 
dered them effeminate. Hence the proverb, Avdbq y.aTtrjXevei,. r 

aXavoojv v dXcpfaow, wheat flour or barley meal. So Sturz defines these 
words. But why flour so different as that of wheat and barley should 
be held at the same price, has puzzled critics and editors not a little. 
To avoid this difficulty Muretus suggests the erasure of aXtvoo>v %, aa 
being added by some one, who thought it a synonyme of aXiplxwv. 
Kriig. defines dXcpix a, farina crassior ; aXtvga farina tenuior et ma- 
gis elaborata, and avoids the difficulty above suggested by referring 
to the great want of provisions, or the comparative abundance of 

aXivga. xtxxdobiv otyXow. As six bfioXoC = dga/ t ui], i. e. 17 cents 

5-93 mills (Cf. N. on I. 4. § 13;, seven and a half bpoXol or the Persian 

olyXoq =22 cents. dum-rca, is worth. opoXobq properly depends 

upon an infinitive after dvvaxai, such as cpe'gsiv ; or it maybe regarded 

as synecdochial. y.anCO-ri dvo zo(viv.aq> The capacity of the /oIm£, 

upon which that of the y.anlO-r\ here depends, is differently given, 
some making it == three cotylse ; while other authorities make it = 
four, and some even, eight cotylse. A cotyla = .4955 of a pint Eng- 
lish. fX^QZh contains: lit. gives place or room. A vessel is trop. 

said to make room for a given quantity, when it will contain it. 

7. °Hv dh xovxojv xojv or a 8-f.iuJv ovq ndvv uav.oovq ijXavvfv, there were 
(some) of these days' -marches which he made very long, tart is com- 
monly employed even before the plur. relative, although the plur. eldl is* 
sometimes found (Cf. II. 5. § 18), and the imperf. Jk Cf. Butt. p. 438 ; 
Mt. §482. Obs. 1; S. § 157. N. 1. oxad-^Jyv is constructed with qi> 
— ovq = t\v i'vioi ovq (Mt. § 482 ; S. § 150. 5) ; fully, rp> Vnih xovro)V 
xo)v oxad-fioiv ovq. The relative ovq may be referred to Butt. § 131. 3 ; 
S. § 164, because it represents oxa&fiovq, which in this connection sig- 



Chap. V.] NOTES. 225 

nifies the distance passed over (xrjv tlamv). Rennell (p. 86) says 
that these marches refer particularly to the hilly desert between Corsote 
and the Pylse — — bnbxz — fiovloixo. Cf. N. on tml — diwy.01, I. 5. § 2. 
dvaralsaat, sc. xrjv od'bv. — ■ — x^bv, provender for the beasts of bur- 
den and cavalry horses. Kal 3r\ noxe, and once indeed. These 

particles introduce an illustration of the haste with which Cyrus urged 

on his forces. Cf. Hoog. p. 90. xov (iag^agiyov axqaxov follows 

lapbvxaq, because the action of the verb refers only to a part of the 

object. Cf. Mt. § 323. b. ovvey.^t^dt,^iv, to assist in extricating. 

The student should note the force of the composite avv and ix. 

8. woTrfo ooyjj. Dind. and Pop. connect these words with the pre- 
ceding clause. But why should Glus and Pigres be in a rage at exe- 
cuting as leaders a commission, to which when commanded, the II*q- 
oat ol y.Q&TioTot gave their personal service with such alacrity ? Why 
did Cyrus retain Pigres in a post of honor (Cf. I. 8. § 12), if he show- 
ed so little zeal in his master's cause 1 Hutch., Born., and Kriig., 

rightly therefore connect &Q7t?Q bgyf, with the following clause. ■ 

awzn ion stoat, to assist in hastening on. There is great beauty and 

force in these compound words. "Ev&a &rj, then truly. ptgoq 

xt, a specimen, example. 'Pi'iparxiq. This shows the alacrity 

with which they executed his command. y.dvdvq, cloaks or gowns 

with wide sleeves worn over the tunics, common to kings, generals, 
and private soldiers ; only those worn by kings were of purple, those 
worn by high officers, scarlet or purple with white spots, while the 
soldiers, wore such as were made of coarser materials. Cf. Cyr. I. 3« 
§ 2 ; VIII. 3. § 10 ; Curt. III. 3. § 18. Yates says, that in the Per- 
sepolitan sculptures, nearly all the principal personages are clothed 

in the y.dvSvq IVr-ro, imperf. mid. 3 plur. of the imaginary iijfiij I go. 

Some recent critics however reject this middle and write with the as- 
pirate if/.iat : I send myself, I hasten, from Lfy/w, I send. Cf. Mt. § 214. 

4; Carmichael Gr. Verbs, p. 97. itvql vUr\q,for a prize: MX. for 

victory. The Persian noblemen are represented, as running with as 
much, ardor to raise the waggons from the mud, as the foot racers 

contended in the Olympic games for the prize. y.al before /.tdXa 

may be rendered and that too, what is more. See Butt. p. 425. ■ 

xovxovq, i. e. those well known. Cf. Mt. 470. 4. dva^vgCdaq, trow- 

sers, made long and loose, as those now worn by the Orientals. The 
same garment seems to be referred to in Dan. 3 : 21, 27, by the Chal. 
•pbs-ib, saraballai, which Gesen. translates long and wide pantaloons. 

Cf. Cyr. VIII. 3. § 13, with Barker's note. avv xovxoiq, i. e. the 

costly garments and ornaments just mentioned. -O-dxxov ?} wq xiq 

av ftJsrf, sooner than one could have thought (possible). Cf. Seager's 
N. on Vig. p. 216. So in Lat, crederem, putarem, etc. : are sometimes 



226 NOTES. [Book I. 

employed, where in English we should use the plurperf. Cf. And. 

and Stod. Lat. Gram. $ 260. II. R. 2. t utxao)govq == ojoxb /Luxiojgonq 

thai. An epithet is sometimes applied to a thing by way of antici- 
pation, to show the rapidity or certainty of the act by which the qual- 
ity is possessed. 

9. To de avfi7tav (sometimes to dh ov/anav tlvai), generally, upon 
the whole, i. e. in all the things pertaining to the expedition. Cf. Mt 

§§ 283, 545 ; Vig. p. 12 ; S. § 221. N. 3. tflos %» Kvgoq omv- 

do)V. See N. on 6f\loq r[V dviojueroq, I. 2. § 10. orcov firj, unless 

where. ooo> p&v dr. Porson joins dv, (which Dind. has bracketed,) 

to rofii^ojv. It is generally taken with li&ot. See Butt. § 139. 8; 

Mt. § 527. The subject of (.id/so&ou is the same with that of vo- 

fi^o>v, because both subjects refer to the same person. Cf. S. § 158. 

N. 2. Kal qvi'uSslv 6° r\v tw nooq^xovxi rhv vovv, it was evident to 

any one giving (the subject) attention = any one upon reflection might 
see. Bloomfield says that Ttooq^ovn xbv vovv, paying attention to, re- 
ceives this sense from the article, vovv i/Biv denoting to be knowing, 

or clever. ovvidelv r\v — dgyy\ — ovna = ovvidilv r\v oxi r\ dqx*l V Vm 

nlr} &£t ywoaq v.al avd-QO)7tojv,from its extent of country and num- 
ber of men. dia xaxeon'=xaxeojq. The sense of this passage is that 

the very circumstances which made the Persian empire formidable, 
if time were given to collect its vast resources, would render it a more 
easy prey to the invader, should it be suddenly attacked. 

10. y.axd xovq iu^uovq oxaO-povq, i. e. opposite the desert, through 

which they were thirteen days in marching (I. 5. § 5). avedtaiq, sc. 

vaval, lit. (vessels) hastily constructed, i. e. rafts, floats, etc. <§&, 

thus, in this manner. xooxov y.ovyov, light (i. e. dry) fodder, 

hay. zlxa avvr\yov y.al owtanw, then they brought them (i. e. the 

skins) together and sewed them, avvi'anon; 3 pers. sing, imperf. 

indie, of ovandoi. o>q, so that. Cf. II. § 10 ; V. 6. \ 12. xfjs 

v.daynq, i. e. the x^Qtoq y.ovcpoq enclosed in the skins. pa).dvov, 

date. This country abounded in palm trees, from the fruit of which 

was made a very agreeable wine. Cf. II. 3 §§ 14, 16. xovxo is 

put in the neuter, because fieMvrjq to which it refers, denotes an in- 
animate thing. Cf. Mt. § 439 ; S. § 137. N. 2. 

11. y A[i(pi}.i^dvx(av xi, disputing about something. y.olvaq ddt,- 

y.Civ xbv xov Mevojroq, judging one of Menon's soldiers to have been in 
the wrong, i. e. to have occasioned the disturbance, aStxslv == -J^l- 

y.rjy.trou. I'hyev, sc. to avtov nd&oq. Cf. § 14, infra. 

o)gyf~,orxo iaxvgojq, were greatly enraged. 

12. xrjv dyogdv. i. e. the provisions brought across the river from 
Charmande. dyinnzmi, rides back. xolq Ttsgl avxov, his at- 
tendants. Cf. Mt. §§539. c: 583. 1. c; Butt. §150. p. 439. The 



Chap. V.] NOTES. 227 

proper name is often used with this formula. See II. 4. § 2 ; Thucyd. 

VIII. 105. ii\ai xfj d£tvrj. sc. ovxbv, threw his axe (at him, i. e. 

Clearchus). To verbs of throwing the missile is joined in the dative 

to denote the instrument. ovxoq, i. e. the one who cast the axe. 

avxov 'rjjtiaoxev. Cf. Mt. § 332. 7. So d^iagxelv bdoi>, to miss the 

way. dXXoq <5£ XCd-o), sc. trjat KXtaoyov. 

13. 7taQayydU.it elq %d bnXa, calls, to arms ! His rage did not per- 
mit him to wait for the public crier to call the soldiers together. 

xdq dantdaq nobq xd ycvaxa &ivxaq, placing (i. e. resting) their shields 
against their knees. Cf. " obnixo genu scuto," Corn. Nep. Chabr. I. 

2. tovxvjv d\ i. e. the cavalry. — — ini xovq Mtvwvoq, sc. oxoaxiojxaq. 

ojoxe iy.ilvovq v.. x. X. Probably Clearchus was so incensed, that 

he came with little less vehemence, than if he were rushing to battle. 

TOf/ftr In xa onXa, ran to arms. 01 Si y.al toxaoav dno- 

Qouvxzq tw nodypaxi, others stood still, being perplexed at the affair, 
ol 3e responds to ol (x?v implied in the previous proposition. 

14. I'xvxe yao vrsrtQoq 7iQoavotv^forhe happened to be last coming 

up. : rd^iq. Cf. N. on I. 2. § 16. l&exo xd b'nXa, stood (with his 

men) in arms. Cf. Vig. (Seager's note) p. 102. Born, interprets: 

cum armis in acie consistebat. avxov bXtyov §sr\aavxoq y.axaXsv- 

9-Tjrai, while he wanted little of being stoned. The construction may 
be resolved into bXfyov Zder\o£ avxbv xaraXevo&r}vat,, on the principle of 

attraction referred to in N. on drjXoq r\ dnoj/xBvoq, I. 2. § 11. nqawq 

Ityoi to avxov na&aq, he (i. e. Proxenus) should speak mildly of 
his wrong, i. e. make a light affair of it. 

15. "Ev xovxo), i. e. f v tovxo) tw XQM'V' Cf. Mt. § 577. xolq Tta- 

qovqi xojv Ttiaxojv = ixstvoiq xo)v TCioxm' 0$ 7caQi\cfav, those of his faith- 
ful attendants xcho were present. These are called (I. 9. § 31) byway 
of honor, ol ovvxQa7Te'Coi,, those who sat at his table, his table compan- 
ions. 

16. When Cyrus came up, the altercation was probably between 
Clearchus and Proxenus (cf. latter part of § 14), and this accounts for 

his addressing them by name. ovy. Xati b ri noitix?, you know not 

what you are doing, i. e. you are not aware of the consequences of 
your acts. See ov ydo oidaoi xt noiovoi, Luke 23 : 34. On IVr?, cf. 

Butt. \ 109. III. 2 ; S. §§ 118, Ei8<a : 209. N. 4. y.ay.oiq — ^o'nwn 

See N. on ivvo'Cy.wq tyoizv, I. 1. § 5. xwv t}fiexeQojv, our affairs. Cf. 

S. § 140. N. 5. pdgpaooi does not take the article, because as 

Kriig. remarks, its office is performed by ovq bgaxi. 

17. lv lavxw lyivzxo, came to himself When a man is in a vio- 
lent passion, he is said in the language of metaphor to be beside him- 
self out of his mind. So when he lays aside his anger, he is said to 
return or come to himself Cf. Acts 12 : 11. See also N. on ovy. Xoxe, 



228 NOTES. [Book I. 

§ 16. y.ata xo)qciv I'&evto t« onla. " deponebant arma suo ordine 

et loco." Poppo. 



CHAPTER VI. 

1. 'Evxtv&tv, i. e. from the Pylse Babylonia (I. 5. § 5). nqolov- 

rwv, sc. avxo)v. Cf. N. on I. 2. § 17. &q, about. See N. on I. 2. 

§ 3. Ovxoi, i. e. ot Inntiq drawn from innoiv going before. ■ 

so xv dXX , whatever else. Cf. N. on I. 4. § 9. yhzi re ngoqrixojv ftaoc- 

Xsl, connected by birth to the king, i. e. a relative of the king. 

rd TTofo'fuct, limits dotaxoiq. Cf. Butt. § 131. 6 ; S. § 167. y.al 

TtQoo&av. formerly even. With Bornemann I have put a full stop 

after TtoXf^oaq, thus connecting aaxaXXayilq de with ovxoq Kvg<a eo- 
7tsv to which it evidently belongs. 

2. y.araxdvoi av. In the orat. obliqua, the opt. is employed with- 
out av, but as it here stands in the apodosis (S. § 213. R.), av accompa- 
nies it. Cf. Mt. § 529. i] tiovraq nollovq avrJjv iXoi. or take many 

of them alive, i. e. make them prisoners. Repeat av with V.oi, y.oiXv- 

oste, and 7toir\muv. KoiXvaut is followed by xov yakw (S. §221) 

as the gen. of the remote, and irnovxaq (sc. avxovq) as the accus. of 
the immediate, object. Cf. Butt. §§ 131. 4; 132. 4. 1 ; S. § 180. 2. 

noiriozuv vox?, would cause that. " efficere ut." Sturz. 

diayyeV.ai, to give information, to be messengers. 

3. ixotpovq ai'xw, ready for him. avxw is here the Dot. Commodi 

(See N. on I. 2. § 1). yodoac, to order, tell, Bloom. (N. on 

Thucyd. III. 15. § 1) remarks that this signification of cpod^w is rare. 

Cf. II. 3. § 3. ly.e'Xfvsv, sc. xbv fiaouXta. ntaxtwq, of fidelity 

(to the king). 

4. \4vayvovq, having read. Inxd must be joined with rohq 

dotoxovq. Spelman remarks that the ancient writers, who treat of the 
affairs of Persia often speak of a council of seven, which seems to have 
been instituted in memory of the seven Persian noblemen, who put the 
Magi to death, of Avhom Darius Hystaspis was one. Cf. Esth. 1: 13, 
14. O-ioQ-ai xd onXa. Cf. N. on I. 5. § 14. This guard was em- 
ployed to prevent any attempt to rescue Orontes or interrupt his trial. 

5. tf> y.al is elliptically used for ov povov 3} xovxo, dXXd xal, (not 

only this) bid he also called Clearchus, etc. oq ye = qtrippe quf, 

inasmuch as he. xoiq dXXotq, i. e. the Persians who were with Cy- 
rus. TtQortftri&rjvat, fidXtora. Cf. N. on nXiov 7tQoxi{,trjo?o&s, I. 

4. § 14. Clearchus was rightly looked, upon by Cyrus, as the leading 
mind of the Greek army (Cf. II. 2. § 5 ; III. 1. § 10), and hence the 
policy of honoring him in the way here spoken of. ifyyyiiXz — 



Chap. VI.] NOTES. 229 

rijv aqtaiv ' — wq lyevero for itjrjyyeiXe wg 77 y.gtoiq lyivexo. For this 
species of attraction, by which the subject of the dependent proposi- 
tion becomes the object of the preceding one, cf. Butt \ 151, 6 ; Mt. 

§ 296. 3 ', S. § 157. N. 9. y.gtoiv, trial. dnbggijrov, to be kept 

secret. Cf. Butt. § 134. 8. ■ dgxeiv rov Xbyov is employed when 

the speaker is to be followed by others ; agxea&ou rov Xoyov, when 
simply the commencement of a speech is intended to be designated. 
Cf. Sturz Lex. Xen. 

6. TtKQexdUaa = nagayJy.Xijy.a. Cf. Butt. § 137. 3 ; S. § 212. N. 1. 

> "Avdqeq qiCXoi. See N. on $/&(jbv avdga,\. 3. § 20. Ttqbq &eaiv y.al 

Ttqoq uv&gomiov, in the estimation of gods and men. Cf. Mt. § 590. 6. ■ 

rovTovt, this here. In social intercourse, the Attics strengthened demon- 
stratives by the suffix I. Cf. Butt. § 80. 2. yaq in the next sentence 

is ydg illustrantis, i. e. it serves to explain and illustrate what has just 

been said. vn^xoov, a servant, attendant, not SovXoq, a slave. It 

heightened the crime of deserting his prince, that Darius gave him to be 

an attendant upon Cyrus. iTtoii\oa More /.. r. X., [effected that (Cf. 

N. on § 2) he thought it best to cease making war upon me, or, / caused 
him to conclude that it was best, &c. Kriig. says that the proper 
structure would have been : iyo) avrbv n-QoaJtokifjt&v. ^notrjoa rov ngbq 
ifie ttoXf'pov navoaoO-ai. The construction was well suited to the ex- 
cited state of the speaker's mind. degidv, the right hand. In an- 
cient times one of the surest pledges of fidelity was the giving of the 
right hand. Cf. II. 3. § 28. Hence, in the early ages of the Christian 
church, the custom of giving the right hand of fellowship. Cf. Gal. 
2: 9. 

7. on ov. Supply tonv from the preceding clause, en serves 

here as a mark of quotation. Ovy.ovv vorigov — y.ay.wq i7toi'eiq, 

did you not afterwards lay waste. A negative question implying an 
affirmative answer. Cf. Butt. § 149. p. 42S ; Vig. p. 166. III. mq av- 

rbq ov bfioXoysiq is to be taken with nvdev vn i/uov aSixovpevoq. 

elq Mvoovq, (sc. iXO-ojv,) = eiq Mvolav. See eiq rovq (2<xg(3dgovq, I. 3- 

§ 5. "Ecprj = wjLioXoyBi. Cf. VII. 2. § 25. %'yvojq rr\v oecevrov 

dvvajLuv, you knew your strength, i. e. had become sensible of your in- 
ability to contend with me. 3 .4gre'f.uSbq (Jojfibv, the altar of Diana. 

He came to this altar, which Hutch, thinks belonged to the temple of 
Diana at Ephesus, as a suppliant. See 1 Kings, 2 : 28 ; Thucyd. I. . 
4. [.ifra/neXtiv re aoi, that you repented. Cf. S. § 182. N. 3. 

8. For the construction of Irtifiovkeimv — cpavegbq yeyovaq, cf. N. on 

drjXoq r\v ctviiofisvoq, I. 2. § 11. negl i)jue adty.oq, unjust to me. Mt. 

§ 589. c. 3 H ydg dvdyy.rj ( = dva.yy.uibv tori), certainly, for it is 

necessary (to confess that I have wronged you). Cf. Vig. p. 163. V. 

— — v En olv av yevoio. can you then still be. In here relates to the 



230 NOTES. [Book I. 

future. Construct on old* with non in the next clause. Kriig. 

says that on in this and similar places arises from a blending of two 
constructions: dnzy.otvaro, on oi/x dv dot-euro, and aTtiyglva.ro' ovx dv 

do^aiai. aol y dv in rtoxl dogaifu, I should never seem so at least 

to you. We have here an illustrious example of the force of conscience. 
To all the charges Orontes unhesitatingly plead guilty, and when 
virtually asked, what should be done with him, his reply bespoke his 
deep conviction, that he must be put aside as one no longer to be 
trusted. 

9. fitv roiavra dk roiavra. With fiiv. and Si there is frequent- 
ly a repetition {anaphora) of the same word. See Mt. § 622. 2. 

ixnodojv Tiotsla&cu, should be put out of the way, i. e. put to death. 

For 6fj} — fj (commonly edited diot, — sYif). Cf. Mt. §518; Butt. 

§ 139. 2 ; S. § 214. 3. rovrov cpiO.drno&ai, to be on our guard 

against him, to be watching him. to yard rovrov elvai, as far as 

he is concerned, limits oxoXr} fj ftfilv. Cf. Mt. § 283 ; S. § 167. N. 2. 

10. k'(prj. Clearchus was relating this to the Greeks. tiqoo&i- 

o&cu (sc. rrjv yrjepov), acceded to : lit. added (their vote) to. ild- 

Sovro rl\q to'jprjq rbv i Qg6v<rip>, they took Orontes by the girdle. Mt 
(§ 330) says that for the most part only middle verbs are constructed 
in this way with the gen. As it respects the Persian custom here 
spoken of, cf. 6 ti$y Jagiioq iTtiXafiofievoq rijq rov XctQidrjffOV ^o'jvrjq y.ard 
rbv rwv Jit gam' voftov Ttagidor/.t rolq V7tr\giraiq y.al Ttgoqira^ev a7toy.nl- 
vav, Diod. XVII. 30. inl &ai>dro), (as a sign that he was con- 
demned) to death. Some consider inl as used here de consilio, and 

supply the ellipsis thus : (in order to lead him) to death. y.al ol 

avyyzviiq, even his relatives. y.al ron, even then. • dyoiro de- 
pends upon dSonq, which borrows the time of ngoqty.vv r\aav. 

11. oi/'t£ strengthens the negation of ovdelq.. S. § 225. 1. ovd* 

oTto)q, nor in what way. It is thought he was buried alive in the tent. 
Cf. JJtqaiiihv dh rb ^wvraq y.axogvaaav, Herod. VII. 114. 

CHAPTER VII. 

1. Bafiv).o)vtaq, i. e. Babylonia Proper. The Assyrian or Chal- 
dean empire embraced, Mesopotamia, or the northern district of 
country between the Tigris and Euphrates (Cf. N. on I. 4. § 19) ; 
Babylonia, comprising the narrow isthmus between those rivers, 
commencing on the north, when the streams converge to about 20~" 
miles of each other, and extending about 300 miles towards the Per- 
sian gulf; and the eastern district beyond the Tigris, called Atur. 
It was where the Tigris and Euphrates were approaching so near to 
each other 3 that Cyrus was now'marching. The fertility of this tract was 



Chap. VII.] NOTES. 231 

so great, that Herod. (I. 193) says it commonly (to nagdnav) yielded 
of corn two hundred fold, and in remarkable seasons, three hundred 
fold. Here at different periods, rose, nourished, and fell, the celebrated 
cities, Nineveh, Babylon, Seleucia, Ctesiphon, and Bagdad. The pe- 
culiar and advantageous situation of this region, as a great thorough- 
fare for the caravan trade between Eastern and Western Asia, is 
ably given in " Commerce of ancient Babylon," Bib. Repos. VII. pp. 

364—90. negl ft'e'aaq vvy.raq, about midnight. elq ri t v tiriovoav 

?&>, upon the next morning. iiq is joined with words signifying lime. 

Cf. Mt. §578. e; Vig. p. 226. XIV. pa X ov^vov, in order to 

join battle. See Butt. § 144. 3. ■ rov degiov y.egojs, sc. of the 

Greeks. Cf. N. on I. 2. § 15. toi svorrvpov, sc. y.ifuojq from the pre- 
ceding clause. avrbq .... <Mfa|e, Cyrus in person marshalled 

the Barbarian forces. 

2. a t ua rfi tmovatj %{■&'(>% together with, or at the same time 
with the following day == early the next morning. Mt. (§ 597) says that 
when afia is used with the dative, ovv is supplied. Buttmann, however, 

(§ 146. 2) makes a,«a in such a case a real proposition. Titgl — 

ooariaq, concerning the army. • loxayovq, cohort leaders, captains, 

who were usually admitted to the councils of war. Cf. II. 2.§ 3 ; III. 

1. § 29 ; IV. 1. § 12, et ssep. al. re — y.al, both ■ — and, connect 

auvffiovfevs-'Zd and nag-first. S. §228. N. 4. nagr^vn O-aggvvwv 

roidde, exhorted them in terms like the following. 

3. anoQoiv, being in want of A tropical signification. Cf. N. on 

dnogla, I, 3. § 13. d/iiei'rovaq and xgeirronq are conjoined for the 

sake of emphasis. So lolor y.al a^fivov, VI. 2. § 15. "Onwq ovv 

I'aeo&s, sc. inipsUla&s (Mt. § 623. 2. ), see then that you are. Butt. 
(§ 149. p. 422) says that onwq I'osoO-t supplies the place of an emphatic 

imperative. y.fxrrjo&a has the signification of the present. Cf 

S. § 209. N. 4. vTTfo r}q, on account of which. El yag lore, 

for know well= be assured, ydg illustrantis (See N. on I. 6. §6). 

ihv&sgtar. Cf. I. 9. § 29, where Cyrus is called Sovloq, slave of 

the king. dvtl <av = dvxl rovpwv d, before those things which. 

ndvroiv y.al allow nollanlaaCwr, (yes) all and much more besides. 
Cf. S. § 151. N. 4. 

4. "Onujq, in order that. To fih' nlij&oq, sc. iarl. Intaaiv. 

Cf. S. § 118, elfu, N. 1. ravta refers to xgavyjj and nlrj&oq in the 

preceding clause. Mt. (p. 725) makes ravra refer to y.gavyfj, and 
says a pron. is sometimes put in the neut. plur., even when the 

word to which it refers is in the masc. or fem. sing. %d cilia, 

in other repects. Cf. Butt. § 150. p. 436. aiaxvreo&at poo 

doxy oi'ovq rj/iilv yrv')oao&s rovq Iv rij /wocc ovraq dv0-goj7zovq, I 

think (I have reason) to be ashamed (sc. ir&vpovueroq, when I con- 



232 NOTES. [Book I. 

sider) what sort of 'people you will find my countrymen to he : lit. the 
men who live in our country. For the construction of rj/*iv — x 0) Q r h 

cf. S. 5 197. N. 4. The common reading is fymv. drdgwv, viro- 

rum, is opposed to dvO-gomonq, homines, in the preceding sentence. 

?yo) v/zoiv. " The indispensable emphasis of the first, and the 

beautiful energy of both together, so oratorically thrown in, deserve 

to be particularly marked." Belfour. xolq d'Uot, X^lonov, (so rich 

as to be) an object of envy to those at home. 

5. cpvyaq 2df.aoq, a Samian exile. Samos was an island in the 

.ZEgean sea, S. W. of Ephesus. Kal ^v, but yet. did xb 

iv xoiovro) elvav xov xivdvvov ngoqiovxoq, because you are in such im- 
minent danger. For the construction of iv xoiovxw — xov xivdivov 

(= lv xoiovxoj y.irdvvo,), cf. Mt. § 341. 4 ; S. § 177. 2. tvioi M, sc. 

If'yovatv. fieftvojo is the perf. mid. opt. 2 pers. sing, of pejiirfcnict, 

with the signif. of the pres. Cf. Rost § 77. Obs. 3 ; S. §§ 118 : 209. N. 
4. : xe y.al, and even. floi'Xoio, sc. dnodovvai. 

6. naxgo}a, paternal. fieoripPglav, (/.teooq, r^ie'ga, Butt. § 19. 

N. 1,) mid-day ; hence trop. mid-day quarter, i. e. south. fi>?XQ t <* 

ov, i. e. {.tir'xgiq txetrov (xov xonov) orcov, to the place where, or more 

concisely, to where. See Mt. § 480. b. oaxganevovaiv, govern as 

satraps. This speech of Cyrus was in the magnificent style of Eas- 
tern monarchs. Cf. Dan. 4:1; 6 : 25. 

7. rjpelq, plur. for sing., the style of royalty. "Sloxe, so that. 

pr[ ovk I'xoj, that I shall ?wt have. " pr\ alone with the subj., opt, 

and indie, expresses apprehension of an affirmative, ju,r\ ovy. of a nega- 
tive." Vig. p. 167. [ixi in (jl\ oiix retains its power, although we 
must translate it by that or lest, and leave the following negative to 

stand alone. Cf. Butt. § 148. N. 7. a ; ly.avavq, sufficient (in 

numbers). xctl oxe'yavov h.doxo) xgvoovv, also (i. e. in addition to 

what was previously promised) to each a golden crown. 

8. ElqfiEoav de nag avxov n. x. X. As the generals had previously 
been with Cyrus (Cf. § 2), the insertion of ol' xe oxgaxrjyol involves this 
passage in much obscurity. Schneid. with Weisk. rejects ~oi' xe oxga- 
xr\yo\, an easy but very unsatisfactory way to dispose of the difficulty. 
Poppo suggests the omission of \ox<*yovq in § 2, and its substitution 
here in the place of ol' xe oxgaxrjyol. But this is at variance with the 
readings of all the Mss., and cannot therefore be entertained. Kriig- 
er regards eioyeoav. . . . xiveq , as explanatory of the preceding ol Sk 

xalxa dy.ovaavxeq, qui hac audi er ant ; audierant autem non 

modo duces, sed alii Grcecorum, qui in Cyri tabernaculum intrarant. 
Bornemann translates : intraverunt autem ad Cyrum non modo duces 
sed etiam ceterorum Grcecorum aliquot, and making axgaxv\yol in- 
clude both the generals and captains, refers w ciXluv 'EMrjvwv rtveq 



Chap. VII.] NOTES. 233 

to the common soldiers, who in separate parties visited the tent of 
Cyrus, to learn their hopes from his liberality. This seems to be the 

best solution of the difficulty. ri dipim-v lorai, what (reward) 

they should have ^mmldq. Of. Butt. p. 297; S. § 118. 17. 

(end). 

9. f(t; {(dxeo&cu, i. e. not to expose himself to personal danger in 

the battle. Jjdt fttiq rjgsio Kvgov, made some such inquiry of Cyrus 

(as this). Ms nwq, nearly thus. OUv ydg, do you think then. 

oov //u/£lo<9ou. Kriiger thinks that this refers to a single com- 
bat between the brothers, which if the king should shun, Cyrus, not 
having an adversary of equal dignity with himself, ought not (Clear - 

cho judice) to personally engage in battle. sftfjrjp ye, if at least. 

Jaoetov y.al riagvadrtdoq /.. r. 1. A high as well as delicate com- 
pliment to his parents and himself. 

10. 'Evrav&a drj iv rjj ^onXiota == at this time, (so Kriig., but 
Pop. makes tvravO-a contain the idea both of time and place,) when 
the army was standing equipped and marshalled for battle. It is evi- 
dent that the dnt&ftoq took place, not when they were in the act of 
arming and marshalling themselves, but immediately subsequent 

thereto. danXq for domdoqogoi. In like manner t^q iTtnov, Herod. 

VII. 100, is used for toIv IrtneaiV. So in English, horse and foot is put 

for cavalry and infantry ; artillery for artillery-men. pvg'fa y.al 

rexqay.oala. By comparing the numbers of the heavy armed, which have 
been given, it will be seen that 11000 (I. 2. § 9) — 100 (I. 2. § 25) -4- 
700 (I. 4. § 3) + 400 (deserters from Abrocomas, I. 4. § 3) == 12000. 
But in this dqi&poq, the number of heavy armed is only 10400. 
Weisk. with Zeun. thinks that those who were left to guard the bag- 
gage (I. 10. § 3), are not included in this number. So Kriig., Pop., 
and Born. Some may have died on the march, others may have 
been on the sick list. A few returned in the ship of Xenias and Pa- 
sion. Some changed their heavy for light armor, as the number of 

the light armed is increased instead of being diminished. dge- 

navrjyoQa, scythed-chariots. Cf. N. on I. 8. § 10. 

11. *AX\oi de rjoar. See N. on I. 5. § 5. rcgo avrov paode'ojq 

(as his body guard). 

12. y.al orgarrjyol y.al yyefioreq. Weisk. followed by Kriig. attri- 
butes these words to some glossarist ; but Dind., Born., and Pop., 

receive them as genuine. ivcirfko&c'a /nvgiddec. Many suppose 

that this includes ihe followers of the army. Ctesias gives the num- 
ber of the king's forces 400,000. vcix/^ijae-. Kriig. (de authent. 

p. 4. N. 13) charges Abrocomas with treachery, in coming so tardily 
to the assistance of the king. The route, however, which he took may 
have been less direct, than the one through the desert taken by Cyrus. 

20* 



234 NOTES. [Book I. 

13. ngbq Kvqov. Hutch, construes these words with ol avxof.10- 

A^joaj'Tf?, since dyyeXXo) is followed by the dat. of the pers. ol av- 

xofioXijoavxiq in xwv nols plow = ixslvot xwv noXzplow oi tjvrof,io?^y.coav. 
Cf. S. § 177. N. 1. So in the next clause of vategov iX^p&iiaav xqv 

Ttolffitojv = ol TZoX/fiioi ot VOTSQOV iXqcpO-rjoar. Cf. Mt. § 321. 5. 

ptxd xr\v fidxrjv is to be taken with ravra rjyys XXov, and thus the sen- 
tence is freed from an apparent tautology in the use of vaxegov. 

14. ovvtet ay {.leva), in order of battle. yag after wWo intro- 
duces the reason why Cyrus marched in battle array. So yag in 
xaxd yag fieaov assigns the reason why he thought the king would 

fight that day. xaygoq ogvxx?], " est forma dicendi Homerica." 

Zeun. ogyvial nivxz. The bgyvid = 6 ft. This trench was 

therefore 30 ft. wide and 18 ft. deep ; a formidable one indeed to pass 
with an army. 

15. MriMa? xttyovq. See N. on II. 4. § 12. v EvO-a flj, here, 

by the way. al diowv/eq v.. x. X. " Ceterum canales," says 

Schneid., " non ex Tigride, in Euphratem, sed contra, derivatos esse, 
prseter multos alios testes, significat Arrian. Anab. VII. 7. Rennell (p. 
76) says that on their entry into the plains of Babylonia, the Euphrates 
runs on a higher level than the Tigris. Cf. Bib. Repos. Vol. VII. p. 366. 

diaXs^rtovav dh exdoxrj Ttagaodyytjv, and are distant from each 

other a parasang. For the construction of eydaxTj with a plur. verb, 
cf. Mt. § 302 ; S. § 157. 4. It is regarded very improbable by Ren- 
nell, that four canals of such dimensions, should have been dug in the 
short space of a league, and drawn from a river of less than 500 
feet in breadth. 

16. °Hv de nagd v.. x. X. The narrative, interrupted by the digres- 
sion respecting the canals, is here resumed. ndgoSoq dreidj. 

Maj. Rennell thinks this narrow pass was left because the trench, 
could not be finished. But Kriig. says. " equidem propterea relictum 

puto, ne fossam aqua repleret." noiil — miv&avax&K Butt. 

(§ 137. N. 7) says that every other language must here in both in- 
stances have employed the pluperfect. 

17. ndgoSov — 7iagijX&-e. For the construction, cf. S. § 163. 2. 

elW, within, i. e. on the side towards Babylon. f.iiv ovv, 

so then. r\aav — Y/rt] noXXd. Rost (§100. 4. N. 4) says, "the 

subject in the neut. plur. takes the plur. verb, when the idea of indi- 
viduals in the plurality requires to be made distinct and prominent." 

18. 2davov, Silanus, from Ambracia in Epirus and the principal 
soothsayer in the army of the Greeks. His perfidy towards Xeno- 

phon is detailed, V. 6. § 16. '6xi, became. Cf. N. on I. 2. § 21. 

xfi hScy.dxri dri ixstvrjq xrjq tjfi/gaq rtgotegor, on the eleventh day 

previous to that day. Om aga zxi fiax&xai, then he will never 



Chap. VIII.] NOTES. 235 

Jight. Cyrus supposed his brother would make a stand at the xdygoq, 
which was within ten days' march. If so advantageous a position 
should be abandoned by the king, it furnished evidence that he 
would not hazard a battle. 

19. 'End 6', but inasmuch as. dntyrwy.tvai xov pdxto&ai, had 

given up the intention of fighting. The vulgar reading is xov /na/sloti-ai. 
It is probable that the error of the king in not making a stand at this 
ditch, proved in the end to be of signal advantage, to him, inasmuch as 
the battle here would have been more compressed than at Cunaxa, and 
as a probable consequence, the Greeks would have been opposed to the 
king in person, which could not but have resulted in his overthrow 
and total ruin. rif,uXrj t aeroq pallor, more negligently, less circum- 
spectly. 

20. x\\v nogtlav inoidxo = inogtvtxo. xb Sh nolv, sc. xov 

oxgaxtv/uaxoq. iv xdgei, in order. " ordine servato." Sturz. ■ 

xolq oxgaxiwxaiq properly follows r\yovxo (S. § 196. 4), or it may be 
rendered as an adnominal genitive after xoiv onlwv. Cf. S. § 197. 
N.4. 



CHAPTER VIII. 

1. Kal serves here as a general connective with what was detailed 
in the last chapter, while xb — y.al, which follow, unite the clauses of 

the sentence. d/uyl dyogdv nlrj&ovoav, about full market time^ 

i. e. some time between nine and twelve o'clock. Dio Chrys. divides 
the day into five parts: 1. ngoyk, morning: 2. nsgl dyogdv, full 
market, forenoon : 3. psorippgta, noon: 4. da 0.?], afternoon : 5. lani- 
ga, evening, dyogd nlr\0-ovaa answers to our fidl 'change. Cf. 

Herod. VII. 223 (Stock, note) ; Thucyd. VIII. 92. y.axalvouv = 

to halt for the night, to encamp, lit. to loose, or unbind (the beasts of 

burden), i. e. unharness or unload them. xuiv d/uyl Kvgov m~ 

oroir, sc. xlq, one of the faithful followers of Cyrus. Cf. 1. 5. § 15. 

drd xgdxoq, at full speed. tw hnim. Mt. (§ 396) classes this with 

the dat. of means or instrument. Patagyas had probably been sent for- 
ward either to reconnoitre, or, what is more likely, to make some pre- 
parations at the Gxa&(.i6q, where they were intending to encamp. 

pagflagiy.wq = IJigciax^in the Persian language. avv oxgaxsv- 

fiaxu Cf. S. § 199. N. 2. 

2. rdga/oq, tumult, trepidation. ■ ya\ ndvxzq 6?, and indeed all, 

l. e. the Barbarians as well as the Greeks. inimasloS-at has /?«- 

oilf'a understood for its subject. 

3. Kal in Kal Kvgoq xe serves as a general connective, while ts 



236 NOTES. [Book I. 

corresponds to xb in xoXq rs dXXotq. As it respects the place where the 
battle was fought, Plut. (Vit. Artax. 8) says it was called Cunaxa, and 
was distant from Babylon 500 stadia. Mannert locates it a few miles 
south of the wall of Media. The time of the engagement is fixed by 

Rennell at Sept. 7, but by Larch., the latter part of Oct. xa&totu- 

oB-ai ilq rrjr fuvxov xd£iv ixaorov, and each one to take his station in 
the company to which he belonged : lit. in his own company. 

4. Krug. says that unless xov yJqaxoq is rejected as a vicious read- 
ing, it is to be explained : tm degid xovxov rod (dttjcov) yjqaxoq. 

izrsfikvo% being next (to him). y.al xo oxodxtv^a, i. e. Menon's 

band. Schneid. regards these words as an interpolation. 

5. InnCiq fisv IIa(pXay6v?q. See N. on V. 6, § 8. 

6. Kvgoq d$ y.al LiTtelq. Supply I'ax-rjaar from the preceding section. 

Leun. from an ancient version supplies aaxd xo f££bi>v after 

tgay.ooioi. These words are, however, omitted in all the MSS., and 
besides, it appears from a comparison of § 24 with §§ 13, 23, that Cy- 
rus stationed himself in the left wing. ipiXijv, i. e. he had no hel- 
met on his head. That he wore a turban is evident from the nature ~ 
of the case, as well as from the testimony of Ctesias (cf. Plut. Artax. 
11), who says that in the battle his tiara fell off. This was probably 
the xidqa bo&ri (Cf. II. 5. § 23), upright tiara, an outward assump- 
tion of the royal dignity for which he was contending. 

7. fiaxatgaq. Sturz defines : gladius, quo csesim feritur. Kriig. 
says, " erat judxcuna, gladius leviter curvatus falci similis (Curt. 
VIII. 14, 29), quo caBsim feriebatur, £Apo? ensis, quo pianctim.'' 
The pd/ouqa was worn by Homer's heroes along with the $Cq,oq (Cf. 
II. 3 : 271), and was used on almost all occasions instead of a knife. 
So we find (IV. 7. § 16) that the Chalybes employed this weapon in 
cutting their enemies' throats ; and the Greeks (IV. 6. § 26), in cutting 
to pieces the bucklers which they had taken from the enemy. It is 
evident therefore that the {id/aioa was of the knife kind, and was 
used, as Yates remarks (Smith's Gr. and Rom. Antiq. p. 809), by the 
Greek horsemen, as a weapon of offence, preferable to the long 
sword. 

8. Kal %dt] rf, and now. ddly. Cf. N. § 1. Buttmann (Lexil. 

p. 217) says that the events which follow show that ddlr] here means 
the early part of the afternoon. Cf. VII. 3. §§ 9, 10, where Seu- 
thes says that there are villages to which the army may march with_^ 
ease before dinner, and afterwards their arrival is described as taking 
place xTJq Sdlriq, which could not have been long after noon. In III. 
4. § 34 ; IV. 2. § 1 it is apparent from the context that deO.tj means the 
advanced part the afternoon. So also in III. 3. §11, where it is 
translated by some, in the evening. But as Butt. (Lexil. p. 218) re- 



Chap. VIII.] NOTES. 237 

marks, Xenophon " may have very fairly said of an army, which, after 
a march constantly interrupted by the enemy, reaches a certain point 
somewhere about four o'clock, where it intends to pass the night, that 
after marching the whole day it had advanced only two miles and a 
half, and had arrived in the afternoon at a certain point ; and as the 
context shows that the time meant was one drawing towards the eve- 
ning, the word dii'lrj was quite sufficient to mark it." xonogrbq, 

(y.ort'a, borvjiit,) dust raised, a cloud of dust. XQ™'y ^ oi> ov/rw. 

Leuncl. taking av/vw in the sense of much, and knowing that although 
it was afternoon, when the enemy appeared in sight, a battle was 
yet to be fought, inserted the negative ov which Hutch., Dind., and 
Pop., have followed. But this was unnecessary since if ov/vw = 
nollC,, it may have been so relatively, i. e. as it appeared to the ex- 
cited Greeks, against whom such a cloud of war was slowly (Cf. 
§ 11, infra), and majestically approaching. But one of the definitions, 
which Hesych. gives to ov/ra, is ovr?x?h closely joined, which, if adopt- 
ed here, would give to xqovo) ov/voll the signification, immediately 

after, in a very short time. rd/a Srj xal yalxoq nq ijitQanre, i. e. 

sudden gleams from the armor flashed through the cloud of dust. 

ijoTQam? (Cf. Cyr. VI. 4. § 1), began to glitter. I6y/ai, lances. 

The Grecian spear consisted of ..the d6<w, shaft, pole, and }.6yx% 
ai/fty, iron head or point, both of which essential parts are often put 

for the whole. xaracpavuq, clearly seen. The occasional gleam 

of the bright armor through this dark cloud of dust, followed by the 
magnificent display, as the ranks came fully in sight, must have been 
a deeply interesting sight to Cyrus and his army. 

9. If vxo&oioaxsq, having white cuirasses. Hutch. (N. on V. 4. § 2) 
remarks that these cuirasses, like the bucklers there spoken of, were 
covered with hides of white oxen. But it is far more reasonable to 

consider them the same as the Urol -O-doaxtq of IV. 7. § 15. tyo- 

[.uvoi, dl rovTow. Cf. N. on § 4. For the construction of the gen., cf. 
Mt. 5 339; S. § 179. 1. yfooocpoooi. Sturz defines y?'ggov, scu- 
tum Persicum e viminibus contextum speciem quadrate oblongi refe- 
rens. These wicker frames were usually covered with leather or 
hides. " In contending with the Asiatic nations, whose principal 
weapon of offence was the bow, the use of this light, though large, 
buckler must have given the Persian a manifest advantage, but op- 
posed no adequate resistance to the ponderous lance of the Greeks." 

See Stacker's N. on Herod. IX. 99. 7zo§r\gaoi, reaching to the feet. 

Cf. Cyr. VI. 2. § 10. mr« I'd-rrj, by nations, i. e. each nation by itself? 

a common custom in the Persian armies. Cf. Herod. VII. 60, 100. 

iv nloualo) nlrjosi, in a full oblong square. Cf. III. 4. § 19, where 

nlaCaiov has the epithet iaonlsvoov. Bloom. (N. Thucyd. VI. 67) 



238 NOTES. [Book I. 

says it was called nlalaiov from its brick-like form. txaoxov xb 

tfrvoq is in apposition with ndvxiq dk ovxoi, and is followed by ino- 
gtvexo in the sing., although the proper subject is in the plur. Cf. 
Mt. § 302. a. Obs. For the use of the article in ixaoxov to I &voq, cf. 
Mt. § 265. 5 ; S. § 140. N. 7. 

10. Repeat i7iogivixo with ngb dl avxojr. SiahCTtovra av/vov 

(= noli), So Suid.) an allr\hay, at a considerable distance from one 
another. in zom d£6vojv eiqnXdytov dnoxzxaiuva, extending oblique- 
ly from the axle-trees. vnb xdlq dCcpgoiq, under the seats. Cf. Cyr. 

VI. 1. §§ 29, 30. dq yrjv pUnovxa, pointing (lit. looking) downwards. 

" Sometimes the scythe was inserted parallel to the axle into the 
felly of the wheel, so as to revolve, when the chariot was in motion, 
with more than thrice the velocity of the chariot itself." Smith's 
Diet. Gr. and Rom. Antiq. p. 408. These scythed-chariots were 
never very serviceable, and often, when the horses attached to them 
were wounded or the driver slain, turned back with wasting havoc 

upon the army to which they belonged. yvf&p,% design. ojq 

eiq raq xdfjsiq xolv 'EXhjru))' Hojvxojv (for iXaaovxon'), that they might 
drive into the ranks of the Greeks. For the construction of o>q — 
iXavzm; cf. S. § 192. N. 2. 

11. xr\v y.oavytjv xoiv fiagfidgow. Cf. I. 7. § 4. ojq dvvoxbv (= 

dwaxbv), as much as possible. iv 'loo:, sc. /9/j^cm, with equal step, 

at the same pace. 

12. fj?oa, i. e. he issued the command in a loud voice. y.axa 

pe'oov, opposite to the centre. nd.v& i^dv mnoLrixai = our work is 

done : lit. every thing has been done (= will be done, S. § 209. N. 6) 
by us. For the construction of %uv 7iznoir\x(xi, cf. S. § 200. 1. 

13. to iiiaov oxtcpoq, the central troop. Reference is here had to 
the 6000 horsemen drawn up before the king as his body guard. Cf. 

I. 7. § 11 ; 8. § 24. ay.ovon' Kvonv. " The verb dy.ovo), commonly 

governs the accus. of the sound, and the gen. of that which produces 
it." Butt. § 132. 5. 3. Marg. N. For the construction of ovxa, cf. N. 
on povXtvoui'poq, I. l.§ 7. xoonvxov — TZtoitjr, was so much superior. 

woTf fieoov to tcivxov f'xmv, that being in the centre of his (army). 

dXX' is here employed in consequence of the preceding parenthe- 
sis commencing with tooo?toj- ydg. This will also account for the 
repetition of the proper name KXf'ag/oq. ofiwq, yet, i. e. notwith- 
standing the command of Cyrus, and the information communicated 

respecting the position of the king. avxo> [itXot o/rw? xaXolq f/oi, 

he would take care that all things should go well. 

14. y.aiQw = /Qovo). bf.ta).oJq, eodem gressu. Sturz. " Sine du- 

bio," says Bornemann, K Cyri exercitus non Artaxerxis." But it is more 
natural to refer it to the army of the king. See § 11, supra. It must 



Chap. VIII.] NOTES. 239 

have been a sublime spectacle, to see so many thousands, with their 
glittering armor and flashing weapons, approaching in measured tread, 
to battle. 

" The host moves like a deep-sea wave, 
Where rise no rocks its pride to brave, 
High swelling, dark, and slow." 
Cf. Par. Lost, VI. 78 — 85. In iv rw airo) (sc. tonw) fievor, re- 
maining yet in the same place (where they first began to form). iy. 

toiv I'ri nooqiovTojv, from those who were still coming up. As the army 
was proceJing in a secure and negligent manner, when first advised 
of the approach of the king's forces, some of the soldiers were proba- 
bly far behind. These, as they came up, would seize their arms 
from the baggage waggons (Cf. I. 7. § 20), and fall into their respec- 
tive companies. 6v ndvv rzghq, not very near to, i. e. at a moder- 
ate distance from. He rode out far enough to have a view of both 

armies. dno^Jnon', fixing his eyes upon, looking attentively at. 

This word is added to y.ara&adro in order to give particularity to the 
expression. 

15. v/teXdaaq, riding up. Sturz with Hutch, renders, equo nonni- 
hil incitato. But Kriig. more correctly makes vn6 give to iXavro) the 

idea of approach. e%, whether, is here followed by the opt. (S. 

§ 216. 1), because ?;gsro, upon which 7iaoayytlloi depends, expresses 

time past. Cf. S. § 21G. 3. iniaxj\aaq\ sc. rbv Xrcnor. tci t£oa 

v.al xd Gtf.dyia, Divinations were taken both from the entrails of the 
victim, and the circumstances attending its sacrifice. To such an ex- 
tent was the latter mode of divination practised, that the fire of the 
sacrifice, the smoke, wine, water, etc., were ail carefully noticed. 
Hence hqd may signify the entrails, a principal source of divination^ 
and oydyia, (from ocpdto), to slay), the victims, i. e. the circumstances 
attending the sacrifice, and the motions of the animal when slaughter- 
ed. So Sturz: nempe lend sunt lata conjectural ex extis ; oq.dyu* 
vero, varia omina ex motibus hostia jam casura. Cf. Man. Clas. Lit. 
§ 75. p. 490. See also Hutchinson's note on this passage. These words 
are often synonymous. Cf. Thucyd. III. 104 ; VI. 69. 

16. &oqv[1ov, noise, such as would be made by a multitude. 

<0 81 Zivocpojv. Dind. following certain MSS. reads 6 Ss K/Jao/nq. — to 
ovp&wa, the word, tessera militaris. " This countersign, which con- 
sisted of one, two, or more words, was given with the voice, first from 
the general to the inferior officers to avoid confusion, and from them 
through the whole army, after which it was returned back to the 
general." Weiske. — — fovtegov, second time. Kal Sq = Kai 

ovtoq. 



240 NOTES. [Book I. 

17. dfyopal it. Some erroneously supply tbv olmvhv. Kriig. under- 
stands to avi'd-ri/Lta and paraphrases : ut bonum omen aca'pio hanc tes- 
seram, oonrjgi'av y.al vIy.t\v. — rovto I'otw, let this be, i. e. may it happen 
that safety and victory shall be ours. Some translate, let this be (the 

watch- word). But this interpretation is too frigid. eiq t\\v tav- 

tov /ojgar, i. e. at the head of the barbarian forces of his army. 

iTtaidrt^nv. The Schol. on Thucyd. I. 50 says, "the Greeks sang two 
pagans, one before battle to Mars, the other after it to Apollo." The 
Spartans called the paean sung before the engagement, naiav ifiga- 
rtfoioq. The practice of singing it after the fight was over, is said to 
have arisen from the fact, that Apollo sung it after his victory over 
the Pythian dragon. This battle-song must have been highly ani- 
mating. Not dissimilar in its inspiring influence was the Marseillaise 
Hymn, which sung by the Parisian populace, transformed striplings 
into men, and peaceful citizens into veteran soldiers. 

18. noQsvo(itvo)v : sc. avtoiv. Cf. N. on I. 2. § 17. Igty.v/iiaivs, 

fluctuated, broke away from (the line). This metaphor, taken from 

the waves of the sea, is full of beauty and energy. For the con- 
struction of trjq (paXayyoq, cf. S. § 177. 2. to $7ti).£i7z6(.i£Vov. the 

part (of the line) which was left behind. Cf. S. § 140. 3. dgopoj 

&elv, to run with speed. So to give fullness to the expression, we say to 

go running, to proceed upon the run. al6v7tsg,jttst as. 'EvvaUo), 

one of the names of Mars. iksXCtovav, they shout tfelev. Some 

fancy that ilalev may have arisen from the Heb. frjH ^hifj. *«'? 

aantai ngbq ra dogata idovTTrjoai'. We should have expected tolq dogaot 

Ttobq xaq aanldaq i3ov7t7joaf. (po^ov noiovvttq, in or dei^ to frighten. 

Cf. S. § 222. N. 1. 

19. Uqlv d$ xohvfia it-ixvflo d-cu, but before an arrow reached (them) 
= before they came within bow-shot. " Proprie de jaculis et sagittis, 
quee feriunt, vel jactu scopum assequi ob loci propinquitatem possunt." 

Sturz. jiq -&slv Soopoj. The reason for this may be drawn from 

the next clause. Cf. Thucyd. V. 70. 

20. Ta dh agitata icpegtro ta f,dv, but some of the chariots were 

borne along : lit. but the chariots were borne along, some, &c. -/.era 

'rjvio/Mv, without (their) charioteers, y.sva, literally em/pty. Ol 8\, 

i. e. the Greeks. iml ngotdoitv. Cf. N. on I. 5. § 2. 

— ■ — tatt dh oqtiq, there was (one) who = some one. Cf. 

Butt. § 150. p. 438 ; Mt. § 482. S^ieq iv l7i7Todg6(,ioj, as in the 

hippodrome. Cf. Smith's Gr. and Rom. Antiq. p. 895 ; Man. Cfas. 

Lit. p. 678. t/.nlaydq, being struck with terror, being stupified 

(at the sudden approach of these chariots). nh\y of the 2 aor. pass, 
becomes Ttlay in composition. Cf. S. §118.77. The student will notice 
the strengthening repetition of the negatives in the following clauses. 



Chap. VIII.] NOTES. 241 

21. to y.a& avxovq, the enemy opposed to them. So Kriig. and 
Born. '* Scil. (Zaofiaqiy.bv, vel xwv ftaopdgow yjoaq seu axlyoq? Hutch. 

Cf. Thucyd. III. 108. § 2, where Bloom, supplies yjoaq. u>q fiaotkevq. 

In ancient times, when the whole military strength of a kingdom was 
brought at one time into the field, a single battle usually decided the 

fate of an empire. iutb xwv apcp avxbv, by his followers, oitf 

o)q = oiS 3 ovtojq (Cf. Vig. p. 215. XVIII), not even thus, i. e. not even 
when apparently victorious, and already saluted as king by his at- 
tendants. ovv£07T£iga t u£vr]v, in close order. i7t?^s).elxo, he was 

attentively watching: The use of y.al in y.al yao may be seen 

by supplying the ellipsis implied in yao : and (he did this, i. e. he 
watched the movements of the king) for, &c. The ellipsis in most in- 
stances may be mentally supplied, and the formula y.al yao be render- 
ed simply for. jjSet avxbv on = jjSst ozt avxbq. For this species 

of attraction, whereby the subject of the following verb becomes the 
object of the preceding one, cf. N. on I. 2. § 21. See also Butt. § 151. 
6 ; S. § 157. N. 9. 

22. Kal is here explicative, i. e. the sentence which it introduces 
serves to explain the previous one. As it respects the thing here 

spoken of, see Cyr. IV. 2. § 27 ; VIII. 5. § 8. /Lieaov I'/ovxsq to av- 

tdir rjyovvro, were accustomed (Cf. S. § 210. N. 2) to lead in the cen- 
tre of their (army). Dind. and Pop. read qyovrxai. iv aacpaXe- 

ordro), sc. xbnw (= -/oQiy), in the safest place. 

23. Kal — 6r\ tor?, and indeed then. j^aov fywv, although 

being in the centre. For this restrictive use of the participle, cf. Mt. 

§ 566. 3 ; S. § 222. 1. opojq, yet. H rov Ivavxlov, ex adverse, 

opposite, in front. xolq avxov ctxayptvoiq, i. e. the six thousand 

spoken of, I. 7. § 11. w? eh y.vAoxnv, as if to enclose (them), rfq 

here marks intention. Cf. Mc p- 1008. y.vy.l.oxjiv is derived from y.vy.Xou 
and denotes its action. Cf. S. § 129. 3. We are not to suppose that 
this evolution was performed by the right wing of the king's army, 
since that must have extended several stadia beyond the left wing of 
the rebel forces, and it would have been no quick or easy task to 
wheel about so immense a body of men It is rather to be referred 
to the6000 body-guards, who inthe apprehension of Cyrus, were about 
to fall upon the rear of the Greeks, and cut them in pieces (oTria&ev 
yeroutroq y.axay.oiprj to 'E)J.r\viy.bv). 

24. Sstoaq — y.aray.oxpr] (sc. (iacfiXtvq). Mt. (§ 518. p. 880) says 
that " the subjunctive is frequently used, although the verb upon 
which it depends is in time past, when the depending verb denotes an 
action which is continued to the present time. Cf. Butt. § 139. 1 ; 
S. § 214. N. 1. xolq i£axoo(oiq. Cf. § 6. dnoy.xCivai Xsyexat, 

21 



242 NOTES. [Book I. 

v.. x. A. Plutarch (Artax. 9) says that after Artagerses had thiown 
his javelin at Cyrus with a force that shook him in his seat, and was 
turning his horse, Cyrus aimed a stroke at him with his spear, the 
point of which entered at his collar bone and pierced through his 
neck. 

25. ' Slq (5f r\ xgonrj iytvtxo diaonttgovxai y.al ol Kvgov tt-axoaioi tlq 
to dior/.tiv bg^r\oavxzq, but when (the king's body-gnard) was routed, 
the six hundred belonging to Cyrus, rushing on in the pursuit, were dis- 
persed, or in the route (of the king's body-guard) ichich took place, 
the six hundred, &c. «g <5> — y.al, but when — then. For this use of 
y.al after definitions of time, cf. Mt. § 620. a. dq to dio'y/.ziv bg/Li^oavxeq, 
In Herod. IX. 59, toQfirjph'fdvq diwy.uv is found, eiq xb being omit- 
ted. Cf. Mt. § 532. c. nlijv (= o/tuoq) ndvv olfyov, but yet a very 

few. oyjdov, mostly. ol bftoxgdn^ot,. These are called ol 

ovvrodn^oi, I. 9. § 31. Cf. N. on I. 5. § 15. 

26. ovy. ^vta/sro, was not able to restrain himself. Mceris : ty4a%i- 
xo, 'Axxiy.wq ' dveoxero, c EX).rjnyoJq. Cf. Butt. § 114. p. 283. Thus far 
Cyrus acted the part of a prudent and skilful commander, but now 
at sight of his brother, regardless of all public considerations, and in- 
tent only upon revenge, he rushes like a madman into the fight, and 

in the moment of victory, falls by an unknown hand. 'Ogoi xbv 

avdoa = oqoj cuVtoj', only more emphatic. Xsro. Cf. N. on I. 5. § 8. 

naUv =jaculando ferit. So Kriig. from Diod. XIV. 23, and Plut. 

Artax. 11. y.axd, upon. Kxtjaiaq, Ctesias, a native of Cnidus 

aud by profession a physician. He spent many years at the Persian 
court, and composed a history of Assyria and Persia in 23 books en- 
titled JJsQOiy.d, only a few fragments of which remain. 

27. nalxG). A missile weapon, although sometimes used in close 

fight. fiaXQflivoi y.al fiaodtvq y.al Kz 00 q y.al ol, is regarded by 

Poppo as in the nom. absolute, for /na/o/nfron y.al pamXi'wq y.al Kvgov 
v.al xwv v.. x. X. But Mt. (§ 562. N) founds this u»e of the nominative 
upon a different construction, viz. " when the subject of the participle 
is contained in part by the principal subject, or this latter in the other." 
Here bnoooi, Kvgoq, and oztw ol dgwxot, the principal subjects, consti- 
tute a part of the whole contained in fiaoiUvq, Kvgoq, and ol df.icp avxovq 
the subjects of /naxo/nsvot, and a partial apposition may be considered as 
existing between them. Cf. Butt. § 145. N. 4. ol dgtaxoi = ol bpo- 

xgdnt'Qoi, § 25. I'y.tivxo in avrol, lay (dead) upon him. Cf. xhtoj> 

Udxgoy.Xoq, II. XVIII. 20 ; "neminem jacentem veste spoliavit," Corn. 
Nep. Thrasyb. II, 2. 

28. alxw xaiv oy.r\nxovxojv &fgdnm', of his sceptre-bearing atten- 
dants. For the construction of avxw, cf, S. § 197. N. 4. ntgmi- 



Chap. IX.] NOTES. 243 

ativ avrco, i. e. he fell upon him with his arms embracing the lifeless 
body. 

29. ay.tvdy.rjr, scimetar. A short, crooked Persian sword. 

y.al <jtqi7ztov dh icpooei x. r. X. From this passage compared with I. 
2. § 27 ; Cyr. I. 3. § 3 ; Herod. VIII. 113 ; Corn. Nep. Dat. Ill ; Dan. 
5 : 7, 16, 29, it would seem that these ornaments were marks of honor 
conferred by the sovereign, very similar to the orders of modern 
knighthood. 



CHAPTER IX. 

1. irehi'rtjcffv, sc. rbv {ICov. Kvgov rbv dg/atov, i. e. Cyrus 

who laid the foundation of the Persian empire. fiaoiXixonaroq 

viz., in mien, magnificence, generosity, high daring, &c, which were 

esteemed the most eminent qualifications of a king. naok is here 

put for v7tq. Cf. Butt. § 134. 3. Kvgov. " The repetition of the 

proper name is a mark of respect." Belf. doxovvriov. Cf. N. on I. 3. 

§ 12. iv 7tdoa ytvtad-at, tobe personally acquainted, to be on inti- 
mate terms. " usu et consuetudine expertum esse." Kriig. 

2. yag. Cf. N. on I. 6. § 6. I'xc nalq oh , being yet a boy. 

Ttdi'Tcc. in every respect. Cf. Mt. § 425 ; S. § 167. ndvxoiv navxa is 
an example of what is called paronomasia. 

3. ■S-vQcctq. Kriig. says, " &vgaq esse aulam regiam, quse hodieque 

a Turcis porta vocatur, notum est." Cf. Cyr. I. 2. § 3. owyoo- 

ovvrjv, modesty as opposed to aia/gbv in the next clause. Cf. Cic. 
Tusc. Disput." III. 8. 

4. evO-vq 7talSfq ovmq, as soon as they are children = from their 
very childhood. Cf. Mt. § 565. Obs. 2. 

5. rolq re 7iQto(3vT£Qoiq xal rwv lavrov v7Zodeso~r?'qojV /idXXov Tttt&e- 
o&ai, and to obey his elders more readily than did those even, who 
were his inferiors (in rank), rolv vTrodeBoreqcov is constructed in the 
genitive with^aAAor, and tavxov, with v7toSssdreqo)V. Cf. S. § 186. 1. 

rolq Vnnoiq doiara xgrjrf&ai, to manage horses with the greatest 

skill, agiaxa is used adverbially. Cf. S. § 124. 2. Repeat idoxtt 

with xgr\nO-ai. t7lBira,8\ responds to fchv ngoixov. v Exqivov, SC. 

avxol referring to ol Kvqov Soxovvrmv iv nsiqa ysvea&ou, § 1. I'qyoiV 

is constructed with (piXofiad-eorotxov and (liXtrnqoxarov. S. § 185. 
rogtxrjq and axovrtosojq are in apposition with tqyotv. 

6. 'End (h rf, rjXixCa iTtqina, but when he flourished, bloomed 
in age = when he was old enough (to engage in hunting and other 
manly exercises). The age to which allusion is here made was 



244 NOTES. [Book I. 

eighteen, at which time the boys were numbered among the 
i(pt]poi. Cf. Cyr. I. 2. § 9, et seq. insl d$ answers to nqwxov fi>v, 

§ 2. y.al — 7tor>, and once. See N. on I. 5. § 7. lm- 

(peQo^uvtjv, rushing upon him. I'tqzosv, 1 aor. act. of row. 

rcc pip t7za&?v = he received those wounds. This appears from 

the next clause. reXoq, at length. Cf. S. § 124. 1. y.al rbv 

TTQoJrov fxevroi ^orj&r'iaarTa 7zo).).6lq fiaxaoiorbv i7Zott]0£V, yet he made 
the one, who first came to his assistance, (to be pronounced) happy by 
many (in consequence of the gifts which he received from Cyrus). 
Cf. N. on I. 7. § 4 (end). 

7. olq y.a&^xai, whose duty it is. rfq KaaxtaXov ntdtov. Cf. N. 

on I. 1. § 2. mol nldaxov noioixo, he regarded it of the highest 

importance. Mt. (§ 589. 5) says that the idea of avrl seems here to 

be implied in nioL Cf. Vig. p. 253. III. it tw amCaairo y.al s% 

tw ow&olro, if he made a treaty tcith any one, and if he entered into 
an agreement with any one. " Proprie onovdaC inimicitias et bella 
componunt; ovv&iptw amicitias societatemque certis conditionibus 
paciscuntur." Kriig. For the form to; (= rtn), cf. S. § 69. 1 ; for 

aw&olto, cf. Butt. § 107. III. 4 ; Thiersch § 121. 8. m $iv yet- 

deo&at is an accusative clause depending upon noioixo. Cf. S. 
§ 162. 3. 

8. Kal yao ovt = dia rovro, wherefore, on which account. 

avro) — i7TiTQe7i6ft£vai. Leuncl. renders : quce erant ejus curae cre- 
ditse, i. e. which belonged to his satrapy. But not to speak of the 
article, which such a rendering would require to be repeated after 
nolttq, reference is had here evidently to cities, which voluntarily 
placed themselves under the government of Cyrus. Cf. I. 1. §6; 9. 
§§9, 12. The interpretation of Kriig. is therefore to be preferred: 
ejus fidei el imperio se committentes. So also Sturz and Poppo. 
olardqsq. Repeat IniTQtTToHtvoi. The sense is that the inhab- 
itants of these cities, as communities and as individuals, confided in 

Cyrus. tX xiq. Cf. N. on I. 4. § 9. naoaxaq orcorSaq, contrary 

to the treaty. anovSr\ (from ontvdo), to pour), a libation. Hence 
anodaf, a treaty or truce, as this was always made with libations. 
Cf. N. on VI. 1. § 5. 

9. Toiyaoovv, therefore. According to Butt. (§149. p. 431), rot is 
an ancient dative for tw , but is never used illatively except in the 

strengthened forms xoiyaq, roiyaoovv, etc. Cf. Mt. § 627. at 

noluq, i. e. at 'Iojnxal noXtiq (I. 1. § 6). ytvyovxaq. Cf. N. on I. 

3. § 3. 7TQof'o&ai 2 aor. inf. mid. of nooirifn, to give up, betray- 

Zcpopovvxo avrov. They were probably afraid of being punish- 
ed, for having been confederate with Tissaphernes in banishing their 
fellow citizens. Cf. N. on I. 1. § 7. 



Chap. IX.] NOTES. 245 

10. not yag, etenim,for. *gyo) InidiCy.wxo y.al %).syzv = t'gyra 

$7isdtt'xrvTo y.al ).6yo). ttoooIto, sc. avxovq, i. e. the Milesian exiles. 

For the form ngoolxo (2 aor. opt. mid. of ngoirj/nt), cf. N. on ovv&olxo, §7, 

supra. ovtf ei I'xi /uhv petovq yevoivxo, not even if they should become 

still further diminished in number. Butt. (§68. 5) says that [iiliav is 

employed for the idea both of smallness and of fewness. \xi 6k 

y.al y.dy.Lov ngageiav, and should be even more unfortunate. *ay.oj<; 
rtgdxxo) = drv/eoj. 

11. <pai'£gbq 6* fjv — viy.av nsigw^iavoq. Cf. N. on SfjXoq r\v dvtoj- 

fisvoqyl. 2. § 11. xoaovxov /oovov tfjv I'qxe rty.ojrj, that he might live 

so long as to overcome, or that he might live until he had overcome. 
11 vi/.av ssepe vim praeteriti habet." Krug. aXe£ opevoq = par pa- 
ri refer ens, giving like for like. 

12. Kal ydg ovv. See N. on § 8, supra. nWlaxoi Sr\ avxw y.. x. X. 

The sense is : there was no one man, at least of our times, to whom so 
many were ready to deliver up their treasures, cities, and persons, xiav 
is a genitive of the whole after hi dvdol. Cf. Butt. § 132. 4. 2. a : S. 
§ 177. 1. 195' r t fi(5v, in our time. Butt. (§ 147. p. 412) says that inl xov 
often specifies a, time by means of something contemporary, especially 
persons, xd lavxoiv aojjLiaxa = their personal services. 

13. The fidelity of Cyrus to his friends, and his scrupulous regard 
for his word, having been descanted upon, the writer proceeds to no- 
tice his treatment of malefactors, and the honors and rewards which 

he bestowed upon the good. Ov pfv <??/ ovdt, by no means, least of 

all. tout refers to the clause commencing with wq xobq y.ay.ovg- 

yovq. xaxayeXyv, sc. avxov, to deride him (by escaping punish- 
ment). Schneid. supplies xvjp voiaojv. dyeidioxaxa ndvxov ixipot- 

gslxo, he of all (rulers) punished the most unsparingly. For the con- 
struction of ndvxon', cf. N. on xtiv, § 12, supra. vv ISilv, one could 

see. For the construction, cf. N. on t\v ),a(2elv, I. 5. § 2. oxi- 

(to/iic'vaq bdovq, public roads, literally, trodden (i. e. much frequented) 

ways. nodoiv .... oxfQov/uivovq. Punishment by mutilation is 

still practised in many of the Eastern countries. Buttmann (Cf. § 114. 
p. 301) would read oxsgoptvovq, being deprived of being without, when 
the state or situation of the subject as here, is to be expressed. Cf. 
N. on III. 2. § 2. For the construction of axe oov^vovq with the genitive, 

cf. S. § 181. 2. iytvexo, it was in the power of . otzoi. Herm. # 

remarks that " not and onoi denote motion towards a place, but 7zfj and 
o7ii\ signify both motion towards the place, and rest in the place to- 
wards which the motion tends." Cf. Vig. p. 153. I'/ovxt, o xt 7100/0)- 

qotr]. Various interpretations have been given to this passage. 
Weiske translates: cum secum (Poppo, ita utsecum) haberet 

21* 



246 NOTES. [Book I. 

quidquid commodum est. So Sturz and Bornemann. Yet Schneider 
remarks of Weiske's interpretation ; " hsec equidem non intel- 
ligo magis quam grseca," and adds, " mihi Xenophon de justa 
itineris causa et honesto profectionis praetextu loqui videtur." The 
evident design of the writer was to show the result of Cyrus's 
severity, viz. the freedom of the country from thieves and robbers. 
In what better way could this be illustrated, than by saying a 
person, who did no injury on his route, could travel anywhere in 
safety, and carry with him whatever he pleased ? But Schneider, 
whose interpretation Kriig. follows, makes it the grand condition of 
safety, that the traveller should have a good reason for pursuing 
his journey, which making the clause in a manner epexegetical of 
^njdhv adiy.ovvTi, is perhaps the true sense. 

14. ye limits the assertion here made to rovq dya&ovq elq noltfiov. 
— (.uvroi, yet, i. e. notwithstanding his severity towards malefactors, 

as just stated. JJevaidaq. Cf. I. 1. § 11. Mvoovq. See I. 6. 

§ 7. avroq, i. e. Cyrus in person. ovq — xovxovq. For the sake 

of emphasis or perspicuity, the proposition containing the relative is 
often placed before the one containing the antecedent. Cf. S. § 150. 

4. tjq y.axeoxQi'cpexo y.ojoaq = xijq ^w^«<j j$p y.axeoxQecpexo. Cf. N. 

on o efye ozodxev(.ia, I. 2. § 1. 

15. woxe (pah'ia&at. For the construction, cf. S. § 220. 1. 

rovq dh xaxovq dovXovq rovrojv agtovv, to wish the cowardly to be their 

slaves. Toiyagovv. Cf. § 9, supra. aq,&ovta, properly, 

freedom from envy, is here taken for that which removes envious feel- 
ings from the mind of the possessor, viz. abundance. avxw — 

Kvgov. For the sake of emphasis, the pronoun is sometimes put be- 
fore the proper name to which it refers, when no ambiguity results 
from the inversion. Cf. § 31, infra ; II. 6. § 8. 

16. Eiq dixaioovvriv. as it respects justice. For the use of elq by 

way of reference, cf. Mt. 578. 3. c. ye [i?}v (=porro. Sturz) 

serves here as a general connective. el xiq. See N. on I. 4. § 9. 

For Tiq — rovtovq, cf. N. on I. 4. § 8. cpavenbq ytvoixo — @ovX6-> 

[.isvoq. Cf. N. on Srjkoq rp{ ano^itvoq, I. 2. § 11. This construction occurs 
so frequently as to require no further notice except in special cases. 

InidtUvvaQ-ai, to show himself (a just man). Kriiger says 

this verb is placed absolutely in the sense of se ostentare, as in 

iElian, V. H. IX. 36, Wdlxr\q 'Avxiyovo) ineSetxvvxo. ntol nav- 

roq. See N. on § 7, supra. i* xov aSiy.ov = ddtxojq. Cf. Mt. § 5747* 

5. § 124. N. 

17. Kal yaq vv. Cf. §§ 8, 12 -alto,, a dative of the agent. 

dt-exeiofexo is in the passive voice, having akka for its subject. Some 



Chap. IX.] NOTES. 247 

make it in the middle, and treat avroj as redundant. /.at. and espe- 
cially. This force is given to y.al by the preceding cilia. orgaxiv- 

fian alrjO-tro), a true army. i. e. one which was brave, loyal, and under 
good discipline. Kriig. makes aXij&iya == SixaCq), and opposed to tw 

iianarqny.o) r.al 7thovay.tty.oj. xgrj^axoyv, stipends, service-money. 

See N. on I. 4. § 12. I'/iXsiwav. Between Greece and Asia Minor 

lay the ^Egseum Mare, which the Greeks were obliged to sail over, 

in order to enter the service of Cyrus. all 3 iitel, but because. 

See Mt § 618 ; Butt. § 149. p. 423. to y.axd ^ra, the monthly. 

18. 'Alia {.i rjv, furthermore. xi avxol ngoqxd^avxi y.a/.olq vTrr^ga- 

r^rsatar, served him well, when he commanded any thing (to be done), 
or more briefly, faithfidly executed his orders. Notice that the protasis 
(S. § 213. R.) here takes the optative, and the apodosis, the indicative. 

Cf. S. § 217. N. 4. d/doioxor, unrewarded. Compound adjectives 

in oq have only two endings. Cf. Butt. § 60. 4 ; S. § 49. 2. — v7irjge- 
rat navxhq I'gyov, associates, aiders in every enterprise. 

19. da continuative. Saivov, active, vigilant. oly.oroaov, a 

manager of household affairs, a steward ; "one who has authority 
over the slaves or servants of a, family, to assign their tasks and 
portions, with which was also united the general management of 
accounts." Rob. Lex. Here the word is used in a wider sense to des- 
ignate the fiscal officer of a town or city, as a treasurer, qucestor. 

ix xov di/.ai'ov = diy.afojq. — y.axaay.avdtovxd xe ^q dgyoc /o')gaq = Y.ctr 

xaay.avd^ovxd ts xr\v %wgav rjq dqxoi (See N. on I. 2. § 1), improving 
the country which he governed, xa — y.al connect y.axaay.avd^ovxd 
and noiovYxa (S. § 228. N. 4), while the preceding y.al serves to 

connect these clauses to daivbv ovxa oly.ovoftov going before. 

Tzooqodovq, revenue. Hesych. defines by yJgdovq 7tgoq&^y.r]; Suidas, 

by tiqrfogd, eXqodoq. av — dcpallaxo. Mt. (§ 599. a) says that 

av with the imperfect indicative, expresses the repetition of an ac- 
tion, a habit ; while the aorist denotes that the repeated action is al- 
ways completed in a single point of time. xavxr\v xr\v %oiqav 
(Krug. xl) is to be supplied with dcpallaxo, which takes two accusa- 
tives. Cf. S. § 165. 1. rjSevq, gladly, cheerfully. — — d = xavxa 

a, of which xavta is to be constructed with \y.gvnxav. Cf. S. § 165. 1. 

y\y.iaxa, very little = not at all. cpO-ovolv — tcpatraxo. Mt. 

(§ 549. 5) says that cpalvao&ai in the sense of to seem, takes the infini- 
tive, but in that of to be manifest, the participle. xolq cpavtgoiq 

nlovxovaiv is opposed to xm- dnoy.gvTtxofia'rojv. naigo'yfiavoq. Sup- 
ply Zcpafvaxo from the preceding member. r<5v d7roxgv7ixo{ia'i'ojv= 

iy.aivwv ot dnay.gvnxoYxo, sc, xd xgy](taxa. 

20. <PCXovq ye (ir\v ooovq 7toir\aatxo, furthermore, as many as he made 
friends. For the construction, cf. S. § 166 ; forth e use of the optative 



248 NOTES. [Book L 

cf. Mt. 527. 1 ; Butt. § 139. N. 6 ; S. § 216. 2. ly.avohq, suitably 

fit. o n, refers to ngdy^aroq understood (S. § 150. 5), limiting 

ovvegyovq. "d-sgan^vevv depends on y.gdnoroq, and has for its ob- 
ject tovrovq, the omitted antecedent of ooovq. Cf. N. on ovq — rov~ 
rovq, § 14, supra. 

21. avrb rovro ovtzzq airbq I'vexa <p(.).v)v wero Sela&at, wq avrtgyovq 
t/oi. The order is, alio rovro wq f/ot owegyovq (roiroi>) ovttbq i'rey.a 
ctvroq o/ero dilo&at, (jjO.ojv. Render, (it was) for this (purpose), that 
he might have assistants, &c. avrb rovro refers to wq owegyovq %ot> 
and serves to qualify the clause commencing with y.al avrbq (Cf. S* 
§ 167), as showing the end or object of the assiduity of Cyrus in assist- 
ing friends. y.al avroq, (that) he also. rovrov limits ovvegybq, 

22. elq ye d)v drrjg. Cf. N. on § 12. Kriig. thinks that o>v should 

be rejected from the text. Sik nolla, sc. al'na, for many (reasons)* 

So Sturz. rgonovq, i. e. disposition, manners, habits, tastes, etc* 

23. elq noltpov, (of use) for war, viz. swords, helmets, bucklers,. 
&c. So elq y.alXomtofiov limits the other class of gifts to tunics, trow- 

sers, golden rings, chains, &c. vo^dX>oi is here followed by two 

accusatives. Cf. S. § 166. 

24. ret /neye').a (= /nf'ye&et Wowr) vr/.uv roi'q yO.ovq ev noiovvra, to 
which the article to belongs, is the subject (S. § 159. 1) of iart under- 
stood (S. § 157. N. 10), 6vd?v tf-av/Havrov being in the predicate. 
These words are found with a slight variation in Cyr. VIII. 2. § 13. 
rfj Inipelelu answers to the question ' wherein V and limits to 
— negieivai. See Mt. §400.7; S. §197. 2. — tw 7igod-vpeio&a b 
Xagltea&ai, in his forwardness to oblige, a dative clause connected to 

rfj iTti/iielei'a. ravra refers to to — negtelvai, and is used for the 

singular. Cf. Mt. § 472. 5. 

25. iTtepne, used to send. S. § 210. N. 2. pfomiq is defined by 

Hesych., ord/uroq ona r/o)v, an earthern jar v:ith handles. — For the 
construction of oXvov rn-udeelq, cf. S. § 181. 1 ; of olrw imrvxoi, cf- S. § 195. 

1. rovrov ovv aol trce^e. So compliments at the present time 

are usually presented in the third person. Notice the change to the 
orat. recta. — ovv olq for ovv rovroiq ovq. 

26. aorow r\fdoea. This construction of the adjective in the neut. 
plur. with the genitive of a masc. or fem. substantive, is said by Mt 

(§ 442. 4) to rarely happen. Cf. S. § 177. N. 4. rovrov. S. § 179. 

1. yevoao&at, to taste. The middle with this sense is the more^ 

common use of yew), I cause to taste. 

27. eYrj — idvvarb. For this intermingling of the optative and in- 
dicative, cf. Mt. § 529. 5 ; Rost § 122. I. 7. i&ivaro is in the imperf. to 
correspond with jfy, which borrows its past time from h.ekeve, Cf. S. 
§ 216. 3. 6ia to noM.ovq tyuv vnr\qizaq^ because he had many servants. 



Chap. X.] NOTES. 249 

did rrjv ^7ti[A,aXaiav. Some supply xijv xaiv v7frjgaxo)V, others read 

rrjv (lavrov) iatfie'Xsiav. But Kriig. says: "durum est utrumque. Ego 

interpreter, propter curam qua ei ut principi prospiciebatur" 

wq — ay o)otv for ojq ayoiev. This change of mood gives great beauty 

and vividness to the expression. Cf. S. § 204. N. 1. naivwvxaq, 

sc. ixeivoi referring to xotq innoiq. 

28. El da dr\noxa, if at any time, whenever. (jtiXXouv oxpaa&ai. 

A periphrastic future. lonovdaioXoyalxo, he discussed important 

matters (with them). wq dainty ovq xi/na, in order to show whom he 

distinguished. Rost (Gram. § 123. 3.) says, " the indicative stands in 
a relative proposition, when the verb of the principal proposition is a 
preterite, present or future, and an event is expressed as definite and 
unconditional." £f mv ay.ovo) = h. tovtov a axovu. For the accu- 
sative after dxovcj, cf. S. §179. N. 1. dy.oim = dx^xoa, when the 
thing heard is so notorious, that it may be known upon inquiry, by 
any one at the present time. Cf. Mt. § 504. 2 ; Kriig; N. on this 
word. Construct ovde'va with ovxa 'EXXtfvo/v ovts paoftdgojv. 

29. Tay.f.it]Qiov dh with iaxC omittted, is a proposition by itself. 

Sometimes as here it is accompanied by rode. nagd /uhvKvgov x. 

t. X. Mt. (§ 630./.) says that ydg in the new proposition after r*xfirp 
gtov da, orj/LLzZov d}, etc., is sometimes wanting. See Butt. § 151. IV. 
6. dovXov ovtoq. Cf. I. 7. § 3. ovroq, i. e. Orontes. Hutch- 
inson erroneously refers it to the king. ov (= Ix&yov ov) refers to 

the person, to whom Orontes intrusted his letter to the king. Cf. I. 

6. § 3. Ttagd dh pamUaq y.. x. X. Cf. I. 7. §§ 2, 13 ; 10. § 6 ; II. 

1. § 6. xal ovxov pavxoi, and those too. dv — xvy%dvaiv^ they 

would obtain. Cf. Mt. § 598. 1 ; S. § 220. 3. 

30. y.al to — yavofinvov, and that which took place, is the subject, 

and f*.sya v-skfiJJQioVj the predicate, of this proposition. xgtvtiv, to 

select (with discrimination and judgment). 

31. ot nag avxbv. Schneid. conjectures that it should read ot tra- 
gi avxbv. VTtsg Kvgov, for Cyrus, i. e. in his behalf, on his side. 

l'%o)v xal to axgdxavfxa nav, with the whole army also. 



CHAPTER X. 

1. 'Evxav&a drj is here a formula of transition from the eulogy to 

the narration, which is resumed from chap. VIII. dnoxa^vaxai. 

Plut. (Artax. 13) says, "according to the law of the Persians, the 
right hand and head were cut off, and Artaxerxes, having ordered the 



250 NOTES. [Book I. 

head to be brought to him took it by the hair, which was long and 

thick, and showed it to the fugitives." dio'r/.ojv tionlnxu. The 

singular is employed here, because paadevq is the principal subject. 
So BoaoCdaq fihv oi'V xal to 7iXr[&oq tv&iq dvoj — iXQamxo, Thuc. 

IV. 112, uixavxai y stand their ground. oxoaxoTttdov, i. e» 

the place where the baggage, beasts of burden, attendants, &c, of 

the army remained during the fight. tiq xbv oxa&pbv, i. e. the 

place where they had encamped the preceding night. 

2. For the signification of xal after xd x? dXXa noXXa, cf. N. on I- 

9. § 17. t)}v fPor/.atda, the PhoccBan. Her name was Mil to, but 

Cyrus called her Aspasia, because she resembled in wit and beauty, 

the celebrated mistress of Pericles. xrjv — Xeyopevtiv = ixtivrjv 77 

eXeyero (S. § 140. 3; of which equivalent, i/.itr^ is in apposition with 

naXXaxlSa. ooq'^r, wise, intelligent. So Hesych. defines oocpoq' 

tpoovifioq. 

3. C H dh MvXr\a(a. " Hujus nomen ignoramus nisi forte tj Mdrjota 

in proprium cessit." Weiske. Cf. V. 2. § 29. Kriig. conjectures 

that fj veortf'ua is spurious. yvfirij, i. e. having nothing- on but the 

tunic, which fitted close to the body. " sine veste exteriore." Poppo. 

nobq roJr 'EXXqvwr. Schneid. with Weiske makes this stand for 

Ttgbq xb roiv 'EXXtjvojv oToaroTTedov. Muret. and Steph. supply oxaO-/n6v. 
It is better however, with Born, and Kriig. to make nobqxoiv'EXX^vow 

ot= 7tgbq xovxovq x6)p 'EXXtji ojv o c L avxixa/O-ivxiq here stands 

for avTiragd/Litvoi. ol d? xal arrow, i. e. the Greeks. ravxrjv 

refers to r\ MiXrjtjta. i no? avrojv, within their ranks. Sturz and 

most of the German editors translate in castris eorum. Hutch, takes 
ivrbq as absolute, and connects avroiv with /o^ara, a construction too 

forced and unnatural to be admissible. iowaar. The repetition of 

this word shows the completeness of the act spoken of. 

4. Sieaxov dXXr]Xo)v. were distant from each other. For the con- 
struction, cf. Mt. § 354. a. ol 'EXXrjveq refers to the main army of the 

Greeks. ol phr, i. e. the Greeks. " Sic saspissime Grseci 6 piv ad 

propius, o Sk ad remotius nomen referunt." Kriig. So the Latins 
sometimes employ hie — Me for Me — hie. Cf. And. and Stod. Lat- 

Gr. § 207. R. 23. mq ndvxaq vixolrttq, as if they had conquered 

all (the enemy \ whereas the right wing of the king's army was vic- 
torious. ol dh refers to fiaaiXtvq. sc. ol ovv avxw. ojq ydr] ndv- 

xeq nxolvxiq, as if they were all conquerers. whereas, their left wing 
was fleeing before the victorious Greeks. 

5. <T ecu, on the other hand. Tiooacpf'qvovq. For the construc- 
tion, cf. S. § 179. N. 2. to xa& avxovq, sc. oxydxev/Lia or {.le'goq. 

nXrjaiaixaxoq. Cf. I. 8. § 4. It speaks highly for the discipline 

of the Greeks, that in the pursuit the original order of battle was not 



Chap. X.] NOTES. 251 

essentially disturbed. tf ntfinoitv. In past actions ri, whether, 

takes the optative without civ. Mt. § 526. ag^ovreq = fior\d-it\aov- 

rtq, to succor, to defend. For the construction, cf. S. § 222. 5. 

6. 'Ev tovto) (sc. rq" xgovtOj Mt. § 577. 2), £?i the mean time. wq 

idoy.st is to be taken with oTtio&er. avaxgacptvrcq, having closed 

up their ranks, which had probably become somewhat relaxed in the 
pursuit. Hesych. defines avoxg a tpevraq • ovvslO-ovrsq. Phavor. says } 
Gvaxoecpovxat, oi oxgaxioizai, iniidav vno xwv TioLtfttcov ay.sdao&c'vxEq 
av&tq nztoctO-oiot, oxgecptafrai. Schneid. from the Paris and Eton MSS. 
edits oToctrpfVTfq. So Dind., Born., and Pop. But the idea of facing 
about, as Kriig. observes, " et sponte intelligitur et verbis nagzoy.evar 

Z.ovxo — di^ofifvoi significatur." Ttagzay.zva^ovxo wq xavxtj ngoqiov- 

zoq y.al Sb^oiibi'oi, in the expectation that the king would advance in 
this direction (where the Greeks were halting), prepare to receive 
(him). For this use of w?, cf. N. on I. 1. § 10 ; 4. § 7 ; of xavxtj, see 
S. § 123. The common reading ngoqiovxiq, is pronounced by Zeun* 
to be without meaning. As instances in which y.al connects partici- 
ples having different cases, Kriig. cites Herod. VI. 126, 'OlvfinCoiv 
£ovxo)V y.al ViY.SiV ; Thucyd. VIII. 106, atptxofis&rjq xtjq vsojq y.al — ay.ov- 

aavxeq. f\ Sh nagrO-O-zv l'£oi xov eiwvvjiov y.t'gaxoq, xavxrj y.al anriya- 

yev, but in the same direction in which he came (viz.), without the left 
wing (of the Greeks. Cf. I. 8. § 23), he also led (his forces) back. For 
the adverbial pronouns r\ — xavxv, cf. S. § 123. The Greeks supposed 
that the king would march directly against them, but instead of in- 
clining to the river, as he must have done in that case, he took the 

same line of direction in which he first came to battle. avxouo- 

).r\vavTiq. When the battle turned so decidedly in favor of Cyrus, as 
it did at first, great numbers probably deserted what appeared to be 
the hopeless fortunes of the king. Cf. N. II. 1. § 6. 

1. This section, with the following one, is parenthetic, being insert- 
ed in order to explain how it happened, that Tissaphernes had joined 
the king. It commences therefore with yag illustrantis (See N. on 

I. 6. § 6). owoSw, encounter. diijlaos, he charged through* 

The light armed troops of the Greeks, were posted with the Paphla- 
gonian horse (Cf. I. 8. § 5) upon the extreme right of the army, i. e. 
upon the bank of the river. Hence in making his charge through the 
Grecian ranks, Tissaphernes wisely shunned an encounter with the 
heavy armed, by keeping close to the stream. avxovq, i. e. Tissa- 
phernes and his band. Cf. N. on ol St, § 4, supra. <pg6vi t uoq. By a 

skilful separation of his lines, Episthenes not only lost none of his 
men in this desperate charge of Tissaphernes, but was even able to 
do mischief to the enemy. 

8. wg fislov exav anrjMdytjj inasmuch as being worsted he departed 






252 NOTES. [Book I. 

(from the contest). amory/ipt*. He had no disposition to pass 

again through the Grecian columns. owxvy/dvit,, falls in 

with. bf tov , together, in company. ovvxa£dfitvoi, in bat- 
tle array. 

9. 'Eml <f , but when. The narration, interrupted by the digression 

respecting Tissaphernes, is here resumed. y.tvxd, opposite to. 

to evojwfiov — y.e'yaq, the left wing, as the army was first drawn 

up (Cf. 1. 8. § 4), but now the right wing, in consequence of their having 
faced about to receive the king, who was coming up in their rear. 

fiy\ 7tQoqdyoav. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 17. 7tt()i7Txv^avreq. The 

verb mvooo) signifies to fold up, as a book, Luke 4: 20; as clothes, 
Odyss. I. 439 ; to clasp the hands, CEdip. Col. 1611. Hence tiiqititv- 
t-avriq signifies having infolded = having surrounded ; and dvariTvo- 

oetv to y.ioaq, to extend (literally to unfold) the wing. 7totr\aa- 

o&ou onto <&sv tov noxafiov, to place (S. § 207. 2) the river in their rear, 
i. e. to form the line of battle parallel with the river. These evolu- 
tions were designed to prevent the left wing of the Greeks from being 
surrounded, had such been the intention of the king. But doubtless 
nothing was farther from the thoughts of the king, than hemming in 
a body of men so formidable as the Greeks. His intention evidently 
was to gain a position between the Greeks and his capitol, to which 
he could retreat in case the enemy were victorious. 

10. ^Ev o, (sc. /oww, Mt. § 577. 2), whilst. xal di] (== tjdrj. So 

Hesych.), forthwith, immediately. The sense is, that while the 
Greeks were deliberating in respect to a change of position, the king's 
movement was such, as to render the contemplated evolutions 
unnecessary. 7taoafieixpd t utvoq == naozld-wv, having passed by the 
left wing (now the right wing) of the Greeks. So Kriiger and 
Poppo. But Hutch., and with him Zeune and Sturz, connect 
TtaoafteiipdftBvoq with rijv cpd).ayya, and render : phalangis forma in 

eandem (quam prius habuit) permutaia. tlq to auto oxijft<* *«- 

xtoxi]osv h'avxtav xrjv (pdlayya owrttQ to ttqwxov fta/ovfifvoq ovr^ft, 
having drawn up his army opposite (to the Greeks), in the same order 
in which he first came to battle, xonofixov. Cf. S. § 141. N. 1. For 

the construction of fiaxovfisvoq, cf. S. § 222. 5. noXv txi nqo- 

■&vfi6xsQov, with much greater ardor. They had learned the weakness 
of the enemy. 

11. <f av, but again. So Phavor. av, ndlw, av&iq ovx. iSf/ov^, 

to, did not receive them,, i. e. did not stand to receive the attack of the 

Greeks, but turned the back and fled. ix nlzovoq, sc. diaoxr\fia- 

Toq, from a longer distance, i. e. the distance between them and the 
Greeks, when they began to flee, was greater than in the former en- 
gagement, which is equivalent to saying, they fled sooner than before. 



Chap. X.] NOTES. 253 

12. v7z$q, over, above. yr[lo(poq, an eminence, a hill. frp 

oi>, upon which. dreoxgaqirjoav, they (halted and) faced about. 

Poppo says, u avaoxqt'cpso&at et commorandi et se convertendi no- 
tionem habet." So also Weiske and Kriig. translate : conversi stete- 
runt. It is difficult to see how Schneid. could render this passage, as 

he has, ad quern collem conversi infugam profecti erant. nl dft- 

(pl fiaotlia. Cf. N. on I. 8. § 1. ni^ol [iev ovy. I'xt, not the infantry, 

(literally, no longer onfoot,) i. e. the infantry decamped, and the cav- 
alry alone occupied the hill. Weiske explains wore to 7tpt.ovf.ia' 

vov f.17] yiyvojoy.tiv, ut Gr&ci non possent intelligere quid pedites post 

collem agerent. l7tl7iilxt\q. Dindorf adds, inl £vlov, in place of 

which Hutch, suggests Inl tjvoxov. Render Znl 7ielxrjq avaxexapevov, 
(with its wings) extended upon a spear. 

13. drj y.al. See N. on § 10. xbv Xocpov, i. e. the yrjXocpoq spo- 
ken of in the preceding section. allot, aXXo&sv, some in one 

direction and some in another, or as we say, helter-skelter. Sturz re- 
marks that aXXo&ev seems to be put here for dlloO-t. But Kriig. 
makes the places round about the hill, the stand-point of observation, and 

paraphrases: allot allo&sv fjld-ov Xn'7tovxeq xbv Xocpov. lytlov- 

to <f 6 locpoq tojv 17171 eo)v. The gradual decrease of numbers on the 
hill, until it was entirely deserted by the king's troops, is finely ex- 
pressed in this and the following clause. So Lion remarks, " verbum 
Xdnovoi initium fugae, liptXovxo ulteriorem progressum, et xe'Xoq fineni 
indicat." 

14. i7il xbv Xocpov, upon the hill = up the hill. vnb avxbv^ 

under it == at the foot of it. So Mt. (§ 593. c.) says that sometimes 
vTto is found with the accusative, in answer to the question ' where V 

V7t\q xov Xocpov = $7il xov locpov, upon the hill. - xC ioxtv, sc. 

ravxa. Cf. Mt. § 488. 7. 

15. Kal, and so. dvd y.qdxoq. Cf. N. on I. 8. § 1. 2%£dbv 

tf or? xavxa y\v xal r\ltoq Idvsxo, and the sun was nearly setting when 
these things took place. Cf. Mt. § 620. a. 

16. -0-ef.iBvoi xa orcla avznavovxo. Hutch, translates : sub armis 
conquiescebant (Cf. Cses. Bel. Civ. I. 41), rested under arms. This is 
evidently the sense, as the army halted only for a few moments, while 
the leaders consulted in respect to the place of encampment for the 

night. 7iaqtlr\ is adopted, on the authority of Schneid., by Dind.. 

Born., and Kriig., for the common reading naqf^t. But inasmuch as 
naqtzvai corresponds with n^tnot (II. 1. § 2), better than naqiivai, 
Poppo thinks that if the vulgar reading is to be changed, (which he 
deems unnecessary, the indicative and optative being frequently 

intermixed, Mt. § 529. 5 ; Rost § 122. I. 7,) it should be naqlot. 

fjdsouv avtbvxe&prjy.oxcc == fjdeoav oxt avxbq ixe&vqxsi. Cf. Mt. § 548. 2 \ 

22 



254 NOTES. [Book I. 

S. § 22 2.2. zXy.a^ov, they conjectured. ?/ yaraktjxpofiBvov xt nqo- 

eXrjXaki'vctc, or that he had gone forward to take possession of some 
post or fortress. 

17. y.al answers to 3. pa ^i>, § 16. avxov. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 11. 

doQ7trioTov, supper time. So Hesych. defines doQmaxoq (as it is 

sometimes written), wocc xov ditovov. 

18. allwv xQrn.tdro)v. Cf. N. on I. 5. § 5. b% xt = o xt : what- 
ever. Cf. N. on I. 4. § 9. xat Taika?, even #iese. The pronoun 

is employed here, because tecs d/tdt-aq, to which it refers, is separated 
by intermediate clauses from dcr\Q7taaav upon which it depends. Cf. 
S. § 149. N. 3. 

19. ware introduces the consequence of what has just been detailed. 

dvaQioroL) without dinner. nqlv ydq dy y.axalvaav xb oxqo- 

xsvpa 7Tgbq cLqiotov, for before the army halted for dinner. 



Ciur. I.] NOTES. 255 



BOOK II. 

CHAPTER I. 

1. f Slq fihv ovv, how, by what means. The exordium of most of the 
following books, contains a similar recapitulation of preceding events. 

■tl&ooiaS-ri Kvgo) xb 'E/.Xrjviy.bi' == Kvgoq ij&uoios to 'ED.r^'iy.ov. 

brtox?, when. Cf. S. § 123. avbdo) = avapdoti. Cf. N. on 

avapafott, I. 1. § 2. The descent to the sea-coast is called (V. 5. § 4) 

y.axdfiaoiq. Cf. II. 5. § 22. il&ovxeq = dvaX&ovxeq. l/.ot- 

fiyd-rjoctrV = xr\v vvy.xa disyevovro. I. 10. § 19. Ttdvxa viy.av. "In 

consequence." says Mt. (§409. 3), "of the phrase pdxia&cti ftdftipr, 
the place of the conquest, or the nature of the combat, is put in the 
accusative with the intransitive viy.av, to conquer. Cf. S. § 164. N. 2. 
tw ¥ t u7tooo&-ev. Cf. S. § 141. 1. 

2. "A/to. 6$ xfj Tjuega, as soon as it was day, at day-break. Cf. N. 
on I. 7. § 2. orjftavovvra, fut. part, of ora.ia.lvia. For its construc- 
tion, see S. § 222. 5. v ESo£ev ovv avxdlq. See N. on I. 2. § 1. 

ovoxtvaocifitvotq and igoTtfooafisvoiq belonging to the omitted subject 
nooUvcu, are put in the dative by attraction (Cf. Rost § 127) with 
avxolq, to which the subject of the infinitive refers. This kind of 
attraction is sometimes omitted, as in ZavCa .... v/.ai v naqr\yya0.a Xa- 

fiovra xovq dvSgaq, I. 2. § 1. a. t7/ov = xavxa. a tl/ov. i<aq 

Kvgo) oiwfit£iic£v, until they should join Cyrus. Mt. (§ 522. 1) says 
that if the principal action is past, %&$ after pretei ites takes the opta- 
tive without av. 

3. "Hfrrj 6s iv bq^ifi ovxwv = but just as they were ready to march: 
literally, but when they were in motion (to depart). For the omission 

of the subject of ovxujv, cf. N. on I. 2. § 17. ytyovdjq dnb Japagd- 

xov, being a descendant of Damaratus. For the time of yeyovwq 
(2 perf. part, of ytyvopai), cf. S. § 209. N. 4. For the manner in which 
Damaratus was defrauded of the kingdom of Sparta by Cleomenes, 

see Clas. Diet. — — rXovq. Cf. S. § 46. N. 4. xe&vyy.ev, was 

dead: properly, is dead (S. § 118. 0), but as it is used for xz&vr\y.ov 
(S. § 216. N. 5), its time is determined by the context (S. § 209. 1). 



256 NOTES. [Book II. 

ojQjimvro. The preceding day's-march was not completed in 

consequence of the battle, and hence the verb is put in the imperfect. 

Uyoi, sc. 'Agialoq. rfj de d).Xrj, sc. r\fii$>y borrowed from the 

preceding clause. dmivav — inl 'IojvCaq, he would return to Ionia 

= he would set out for Ionia. yalr\, that he declared, affirmed, 

a stronger expression than leyoi. Tavxa dy.ovaavnq, when they 

heard these things. Cf. S. § 222. 1. pageojq I'cptqov. Cf. N. on I. 

3. § 3. ^AIX wysh /nhv Kvgoq X>^v, O that Cyrus were alive, ojcps- 

kov, 2 aor. of ocpeO.w, always expresses a wish, and with the infinitive 
is frequently preceded by the particles wg, d ydg, d&e or ou&i. See 

Butt. § 150 p. 43 7 ; Mt. § 513. Obs. 3 ; S. §§ 118. : 217. N. 3. 

tj/iielq ye, = whatever may be the result of the engagement in other 

parts of the field, we at least, &c. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 9 (end). d 

fi,rj iifielq rk&ETi, i7Togsv6fia&a, unless you had come we should have 
marched. For the use of the indicative in the protasis, and with civ 
in the apodosis (S. § 213. R.), when both are past actions, cf. Mt. 

§ 508. b ; Butt. § 139. 9. 4; S. § 213. 5. ibv fuaO.uov y.a&telv 

ainhv, that we will place (literally, cause to sit, S. § 118, y.a&ttuj) him 
as king. For the construction, cf. S. § 166 ; for the form of y.a&ulv, 

cf. S. § 102. N. 1. toJv yctq rr\v (.idg^r vtuwvriuV xal to aq/siv iar^ 

for it is the right of those who gain the battle to rule also, or more 
briefly, the right to govern belongs to the conquerers. For the con- 
struction of ror*' — vr/.oh'rojv, cf. S. § 175 ; of /nd/^v, see N. on § 1, su- 
pra. Dindorf from the Vat. and Eton MSS. reads /Ltd/r, but ftdx^v 
is justly preferred by Born., Pop., and Knig. 

5. xovq dyytlovq, i. e. Procles and Glus. avxhq b Mi'vojv, Me- 

non himself, i. e. of his own accord. So Sturz, "sua sponte." 

ipovksto, sc. h'vcti. t-svoq. Cf. N. on I. 1. § 10. 

6. 7TfQitf.uv£. The Eton MS. has negia'/iutve, which Born, follows, 
but Belf. well remarks, " the end of the expectation is not yet seen, 

as it would be in negiffuiva. i7iogit,sro oZrov, procured for itself 

provisions. Cf. S. § 207. 1. y.omovxiq takes the gender implied 

in orgciTsvpa with which it agrees (S. § 137. N. 2), and is put in the 

plural because its noun is a collective one. Cf. S. § 137. 3. ya- 

Ictyyoq is here used of an army non instructus. Kriig. makes 

oh = ixalas ov. For the relative adverb ov, cf. S. § 123. r\vdy- 

y.a'Qov. Cf. N. on r\aav, I. 1. § 6. ixfidlXsiv, sc. in twv /tiguiv 

So Born. " Sed cum" says Kniger, sagittas non manibus tenerent, 
cogitare mallem ix. tciv yagarguv." When the Greeks charged the* 
left wing of the king's army, it would appear that many came over 
from the enemy without striking a blow. These deserters, being com- 
pelled to throw down their weapons, in order that they might be de- 
prived of the power to do harm, passed into the rear of the Greek 



Chap. I.] NOTES. 257 

army, where they were found and retaken by the king, when he ap- 
proached the Greeks, w? Moxzi oniaOai' (I. 10. § 6). The fact that 
these deserters were reunited to the ting's army, is enough to show the 
incorrectness of interpreting ty.p&lXsiv, to pull out, sc. from the ground. 

cpe'jJtb&at, to carry away (for fuel). This verb, which Muretus 

omits, is to be constructed with ntlxcu, as well as with afiagai. tqiy 

(toi, empty, their contents having been plundered by the king's forces. 
Cf. I. 10. § 18. Some with less reason refer it to the waggons, Avhose 
draught animals had just been slaughtered for food. 

7. TtXt'i Q-ovaav ay.ogdi: Cf. N. on 1. 8. § 1. ivxtfiiaq f'/o)V. Cf. 

N. on I. 1. § 5. 7TQoqB7toiclro. he 'pretended, claimed to himself. 

The implication is, that he was far less skilled in the science of mili- 
tary affairs than he claimed to be. — — For the construction of Im- 

orrifiojv — ton', cf. S. § 185. aiiq.l = pertaining to. xdtjtiq, 

tactics, i. e. the arrangement of troops in the various orders of battle. 

b7tlo t aa/itav, exercise of arms, especially, as the etymology of 

the word shows, of those weapons used by heavy-armed soldiers. 

8. ind viy.wv xvy/dvei, since he happens to be victor = since by the 

fortune of war he is victorious. O-vgaq. Cf. N. on I. 9. § 3. 

evgfoxso&at (i. e. ntigdoS-ou avgfaxto&eu. So Kriiger) is here in the 
middle voice with the signification, to find for one's self = to acquire, 
obtain, and is used transitively (S. § 207. 2), having for its object av 
xi ^= o rt, whatever) di'n'ojvrou dya&ov. Cf. S. §162.3. diirorrai, 
sc, tvgCaxia&ai, borrowed from the preceding clause. Sturz supplies 
Ttgdrreir, and renders, efificere possint. 

9. pagt'o)q /iih' ly/.ovoav, heard with indignation. on ov xvjv 

vty.o')rro)v el'jj xd onla TtaoadiSovat, "that it was not for conquerers to 
surrender their arms." Felton. For the construction of xojv viv.wv- 

ro)v, cf. N. on § 4, supra. See also S. § 140. N. 3. y.dlhoxov xt 

xal dgioxov. A common formula signifying, according to the con- 
nexion in which it stands, what is good, honorable, becoming, fit, &c. 
Here it denotes that which is conducive to the general interests of the 
army. " y.albq y.al dyaObq proprie dicitur sic, ut dya&oq ad animi 
virtutem et probitatem pertineat, y.albq autem ad actiones externas, 
etiam ad generis nobilitatem, divitias, valetudinem, et aliatalia refera- 

tur." Sturz. xd Uod igrfgrjfit'va, the entrails which hadbeen taken 

out (of the victim). This sentence is parenthetic. 

10. nuiq^vraroq ojv. It is probable that Sophsenetus was absent 
from this conference), since he is said (V. 3. § 1 ; VI. 5. § 13) to be the 

oldest of the generals. ngoa&zv — r\, before — that, soonei than. 

alxel. Cf. y.flevei rcagaSovraq xd bnXa, §8, supra. xl del 

avxbv alxiiv ; = ov del avxbv aixelv. For the construction of xl, cf. 
S. § 167. R. y.al ov (Kriig. alt ov) lafalv iX&6vxa, and not 

22* 



258 NOTES. [Book II. 

rather to come and take them (by force). Xafolv is opposed to alxtlv. 

xC ioxat, rorq oroariokaiq, what reward the soldiers shall have 

(in return for their arms). • 

11. Construct cuVo; with dvxmoulxa.1. vudq lavxov drat, that 

you are his, i. e. his servants, property. ivxbq, within, i. e. en- 
closed by. ooov ovd* d Ttagt/ot v/nlr dvraiaO-' civ dnoy.Tzivai, 

more than you could kill, if he should even deliver them up to you : liter- 
ally, as many as you could not kill. &c. 

12. Oscnounoq. Some MSS. have Ztvotpwv, which Hutch, and 
Kriig. have followed, but OioTtofinoq has the suffrage of the most judi- 
cious critics in its favor, and is best sustained by manuscript authority. 

agsxij, valor. - Construct av with xgr t o&ai, and also the next 

av with oxzgijd-rjvai. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 19. oxsQq&rjvat. Supply 

olo/iu&a from the preceding clause. Mrj ovv oXov, think not then. 

For the construction, cf. S. § 21S. 2. ^udq understood is the sub- 
ject pf Tiaga dOotir. ovt xovxoiq, sc. orcXoiq. ntgl xwv vpextgtuv 

aya&wv fia/ox [.is&a, i. e. so far from giving up what we possess, it is 
our intention to acquire by conquest all your possessions. 

13. cpu.oocyo), i. e. says Kriiger, ddofooxovvxi a r\ dlrj&eia, ili'y/ai. 
Reiske, cited by Born., appends to cpdooocpoj : quia scepius xb dya&bv 

crepabat et xr\v dgexip 1 . I'oir.aq, you resemble, 2 perf. of sYxw, 

with the signification of the present. Cf. S. § 209. N. 4. w vsa- 

vtoy.t, O young man. Phavorinus defines vzavloy.oq • dnb Ixtiv siy.oot- 
xgtojv toxq ixojv xgidy.ovxa xtaadgwv, 7] xeaoagdy.ovxa h'6q. Hippocrates 
assigns it to the fourth place in his seven ages, and extends it to the 
thirty-seventh year. Xenophon was upwards of 40 years old at this 
time, yet if MS. evidence would permit the substitution of his name 
instead of QioTzopnoq, his age would be no valid objection, since his 
personal appearance, described by Laertius, eveideaxaxog dq vntg(io).riv, 
beautiful to an eminent degree, might lead Phalinus to suppose him 
younger than he really was. Sturz regards vzavlay.t in this place, as 
an ironical or contemptuous epithet = rash, unskilful. So Hesych. 

defines vea.vCay.oq ' vr{7tioq. l£o&i — ojv. Cf. N. on I. 10. § 16. 

dvoTjToq, literally, without understanding, = foolish, simple. But lest 
this should seem to make Phalinus utter an offensive sentiment, which 
would not promote the object of his mission, it may be remarked, that 
dr6r t xoq, fiwgcq, etc., were by no means as harsh epithets with the 
Greeks as they are with us. 

14. v7zopa).ay.it,of<ivovq, gradually softening. The hopes of the 
Greeks, so suddenly crushed by the untimely death of Cyrus ; their 
great distance from home ; and their destitution of the means of sub- 
sistence, must have depressed to a greater or less extent, the minds 
of all, especially those of a more timid or despondent temperament. 



Chap. I.] NOTES. 259 

ojq y.al — xal, as — so also. The first y.al of this formula is pleon- 
astic, so far as its translation into English is concerned (Cf. Mt. § 620. 

b) ; the latter y.al = ovto) (See Mt. § 620. d. 2). nollov a£ioi, 

very useful. Cf. N. on L 3. § 12. eXrs *!V, whether — or. 

alio Ti, in something else. For the construction, cf. S. § 167. 

&tlot. Krug. edits fiovlsrai, but apart from the MS. authority 

in favor of &t'loi, as denoting purpose or design its meaning is better 
suited to this passage than that of povletai, which is merely expres- 
sive of wish or inclination. Cf. Butt. Lexil. No. 35. in Alyimxov. 

Cf. II. 5. § 13 ; Diod. XL 71. ovyy.axaoxQt\}jairx av avrq>, they 

would assist him in subjugating it, i. e. Egypt. Cf. N. on I. 5. § 7 
(end). 

15. d7Toy.BxQtfievoi ttev has a middle signification. Cf. Mt. § 493. d; 

Butt. § 136. 3. dlXoq alia If'ysi, one says one thing, another, 

another. Uysv takes its number from dlloq, which is in apposition 
with ovxov, the proper subject of the verb. Cf. Mt. § 302. a. Obs. 
Clearchus addressed his inquiry to his fellow-commanders, but Pha- 
linus apparently having become somewhat impatient and out of hu- 
mor with them, does not wait for their answer, but asks Clearchus to 
deliver his sentiments. Whether he had more reason to be satisfied 
with the Spartan's reply, will appear in the sequel. — — tint xC 
Itysiq, tell (us) what you have to say — declare your opinion in refer- 
ence to this matter. 

16. ciofievoq = aaf-ifvcoq. Cf. Butt. § 123. N. 3. ol allot, i. e. 

those, who were present at the conference. Supply aopevoi to)ndy.aot> 

from the preceding clause. xal rj/iieZq, sc. "EXfaqytq io/ne'v. 

rooovtot — ooovq, as many as — all whom. Cf. S. §73.1. 

xoiovxoiq dk ovxtq nody ftaat, being in such difficulties, "in quibus peri- 

culis versati." Krug. ovfifiovlsvops&d ooi,we ask your advice. 

In the active voice, this verb signifies to give advice^ in the middle, to 
consult or ask advice. The Latins express this difference by consider e 
alicui, and consulere aliquem. nzol d>v = mol xovxojv a. 

17. Ttobq &toiv. Cf. N. on I. 6. § 6. y.dlhoxov y.al aqioxov. Cf. 

N. § 9, supra. dvaUyofiivov. This reading is adopted by Hutch., 

Dind., Pop., and Krug., instead ofaV leyo/nevov, which Weiske and 
some others prefer. Morus thinks it should read xQovov dnavxa Izyopt- 
vov : to which conjecture, Bornemann says, the more frequently he con- 
siders the passage the more he is disposed to incline. As it respects 
the grammatical construction, it may be classed with the examples, 
which Mt. (§ 564) calls nominative absolute ; but which Butt. (§ 145. 
N. 7. 2) regards as accusative absolute, and may here be resolved by 
ot6, or innSri with the finite verb. Render elq xbv l'7teixa xQovov dva- 
Xsyofuvov, when in after time it shall be repeated. Cf. Mt. § 565 ; 



260 NOTES. [Book II. 

S. § 168. N. 2. ovfi{lovXtvof.(ev(Hq avve^ovXevasv. Notice the dis- 
tinction between the active and middle, referred to in the preceding 
section. 

18. ravra v7ty\yt%o is thus paraphrased by Kriiger, "his dictis eum 
furtim ad suas rationes traducere conabatur. The mind of Clear- 
chus was made up as to the demand of the king, and yet he wisely 
thought it advantageous, to draw from the emissary advice contrary 
to the terms of his commission. He therefore adjured him as a 
Greek to give such counsel, as would be honorable and befitting the 

present emergency. vTzoorQf'yjaq, literally, having turned around 

= having eluded (the snare set for him). TiaQa r\\v S6£av alrov, 

contrary to his (Clearchus's) expectation. 

19. t uri naoadiSorai = j.iij naqadovvcu. Cf. Butt. § 137. 5 ; Mt. 

§ 501 ; S. § 212. 2. jvqdjfiiai — iforl'^ not even one hope, opposed 

to rwv [ivytujv llnlSotv f,da of the preceding member. oofeo&an 

to save yourselves. Cf. S.§ 207. 1. o7ir\ dwarov, in whatever way 

possible. 

20. 'AXXa ravra /.dv Sf] ob Xt'ytiq, = well then, this is your advices 
Butt. (§ 149. p. 428) says that aXXd stands in an abrupt manner at 
the beginning of paragraphs, having somewhat the sense of our 

familiar expressions, well, indeed, truly. nXetovoq — agioi, worth 

more =± of more value. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 12. Leonidas is said by 
Diod., to have given this truly Laconic answer to Xerxes at Ther- 
mopylae. 

21. Phalinus now begins to change his tone. At first the Greeks 
are to surrender their arms, and go as suppliants to the gates of the 
king (Cf. § 8), but finding them resolute, he proposes, as the only 
condition on which peace will be granted them by the king, that they 

shall neither advance nor retreat, but stay where they are. 

avrov. Cf. N. on I. 3. §11. nayl rovrov, i. e. this mandate of 

the king. wq noXf^ov ovroq, that war is (determined upon by you). 

For the construction, cf. S. § 192. R. 2. 

23. ov Siia^/Ltavt, he gave no intimation. This dialogue between 
Clearchus and Phalinus is very amusing. The haughty message 
which the envoy first delivered, the lowering of his terms, when he 
found that the Greeks would not deliver up their arms, and finally his 
fruitless efforts to obtain from Clearchus any intimation of his future 
design, are all sketched with life and spirit. We can readily con--^ 
ceive, how crest-fallen the ambassador must have taken his leave. 



Cha*. II.] NOTES. 261 



CHAPTER II. 

1. ol avv avro), i. e. his colleagues in the embassy. fekrlovq, 

= higher in rank and influence. ovq ovy. dv dvaayJoOai avxov 

paoiUvovroq, who would not bear his being king, or that he should be 
king. For the construction of ovq — dvaayead-ai,^. Mt. §538; of 
avaoyja&ai abxov, S. § 179. 1. avr/to&ai tivoq, to bear any thing, 
as opposed to r\T*za<s&a,L rivoq, to succumb to any thing, is placed by 
Mt. (§ 358), under the head of " verbs signifying to surpass or to be 

inferior to, followed by the genitive." rjdtj, forthwith. *% 

vvxxoq = ravrrjq rrjq vvy.roq, this very night. anUvai has avxoq 

(= lavxbv, Cf. S. § 158. N. 2) for its subject. 

2. bnolov — n = o it, whatever. 

3. TJdij t\Uov dvvovroq, the sun now going down = it being now sun- 
set. 3 Eunl — O-voft/vo) if'vdi, as I was sacrificing in order to go. 

The infinitive here marks the end or purpose of the action expressed by 
S-vofiyvoj. Cf. Butt. §140.2; S. §219. 2. Prof. Felton renders: 
sacrificing to know whether or not to inarch. It was customary to 
perform a sacrifice for this purpose, before undertaking any military 
expedition. Kriiger and Poppo, after Schaefer, construe h'rat, with 
lytyvexo xa l?oa. Supply xala, in ovh lyCyvzxo, from ndvv y.ald tj/luv 

ra Isua t\v. at the end of the section. aiy.oxioq, rightly = with 

good reason. ovy. tyi'yvaxo. Repeat y.aXd t« hod. av dwaC- 

fis&a. For the optative, cf. S. § 217. 2. [<h> dij aiixov yt, cer- 
tainly here at least. olov re. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 17. Uvcu. 

Repeat ifiol frvo/utvo:. 

4. Ssi7Tvslv, sc. xqv from the preceding clause. nq. See N. on 

I. 3. § 12. i7tsidcu> d$ 0rj/n.r}vr} tw xeoan, " when the signal shall be 

given with the trumpet?'' Felton. a'q.fi^vrj, sc. b oalniyy.xriq. Cf. S. 

§ 158. N. 8. (2). wq drartaveo &at, as if to retire to rest. This 

was done in order to deceive the enemy, should any be lurking about 

in the vicinity. avaxCO-ea&t, sc. t« oy.ciirj drawn from ovay.fvdt,s- 

od-f. $ttI dt tm rofro-, sc. orjfcsio), at the third (signal). ngbq 

to? TToTctfiov, next to the river. xd de o7t).a = rovq Se bn).iraq. 

Cf. N. on I. 7. § 10. i'fw, i. e. outside of the baggage, which would 

thus be covered, on the one side by the river, and on the other by the 
heavy-armed men. 

5. to loinbv (== dnb xov vur. Phav.), from this time, for the fu- 



262 NOTES. [Book It 

ture. Cf. Butt. § 150. p. 437. • %qx'&, i- e. took the chief command. 

or/ tkofteroi, i. e. not formally electing him. d).l' 6oo>t£<j, 

but (they obeyed him) because they saw, &c. deT, sc. yoorelv. 

6. 'Jlgi&pbq dh xt\q 63ov, " mensura itineris." Sturz. rjr r\l Q-ov % 

which they went. For the construction, cf. S. § 164. xrjq /idxWi 

i. e. to the place of the fight. Sodnhx^q /tdxriq, in the latter part of the 

section. Cf. V. 5. § 4. oxa&pol xoflq y.al x. r. A. Only 84 stations 

and 517 parasangs are enumerated in the preceding book. Zeune 
conjectures that 9 stations, 18 parasangs, made by the Greeks from 
Ephesus, to Sardis, previous to their junction with Cyrus, are here 

included. xQiaxooioi. So Zeune, and after him, Dind., Born., 

Pop., and Kriig., read instead of xoiax'^oi. which is irreconcilable 
with the statement of Plutarch, who makes Cunaxa, 500 stadia from 
Babylon. 

8. xd 7zaoi]yyt)./ttra. Cf. § 4. supra. ttqwtov ar ad- /it or. Cf. 

II. 1. § 3. &t'/terot, sc. ol "EU.tjrtq. For the construction, cf. N. on 

f ia/ op-trot) I. 8. § 27. &(jj&v6i xd onla. Cf. N. on I. 5. § 14. /tri- 

xz — Tf , not — and. When the second clause of this formula has its 
own verb, its meaning is affirmative, otherwise it is negative. Cf. 

Mt. § 609 ; S. § 224. N. 2. nooqo'y/ioaaV) swore in addition. 

Ariseus and his party laid themselves under an additional obligation 
to act as faithful guides. 

9. acpd$dvrtq ravuor /.. r. A. The custom of sanctioning leagues, 
treaties, etc., with the blood of victims, was universal among the na- 
tions of antiquity. A notable instance is found in Gen, 15 : 18, when 
God made a covenant with Abraham. Cf. also, Exod. 24: 3-8. In 
this compact between the Greeks and Persians, the sacrifice of the 
wolf seems to have been peculiar to the latter, while the other three 

composed the suovitaurilia of the Romans. eiq danfda, in a 

shield. Corresponding to the boss of the shield on one side, was 
a cavity on the other which here received the blood of the animals. 

fidnxorrzq ol /thr. The staining of their weapons with blood 

was a virtual imprecation, that their own blood might thus stain the 
sword or spear, in case they violated the covenant. Similar to this 
was a custom of the Chaldeans, which was the ground of the ceremo- 
ny detailed, Gen. 15 : 9-17. The parties to the covenant, having 
slain and divided the victims, placed the parts opposite to one anoth- 
er. They then passed between the parts thus divided, saying, letAt 
not thus be done to us, implying that if they were faithless, they might 
justly be cut in pieces. Cf. Jahn Arch. § 383. 

10. 'L4yt drj, come now. A formula of incitement. 6 avxbg — 

oroloq, the same march. Cf. S. § 144. y.al v/uv, as to us. Cf. 

S. § 228. N. 3. xlra y'vwfctfv ¥%M(S, " qua, tuasententia est." Sturz. 



Chap. II.] NOTES. 263 

uttiubv, sc. bdbv to which rpmo refers. For the construction, 

cf. N. on }\v vX&ov, § 6, supra. 

11. "Hv jtt&v jjXO-OftfV dniovxzq. The order is dnicrxtq (odor) r\v 

qk&ofisv. See N. on r^v i]lO-or, § 6. v7tdoxei=ioTl. Construct c i?/TTci- 

xaidixa with levxsq, according to the rule (S. § 164) above referred to. 

Kriig. attaches to oxaO-uoJp the idea of time. tyyvxdxoj = iyyvxa- 

tojv. Cf. S. § 141. 1. ovdev ii/oftw Xa.i.<ftdv?iv, i. e. bvSh> tY/otitP 

loots lotfjifidvBiV) we had nothing to take = we could take nothing. Cf. 

S. § 219. 1 (f/o)). d xi. Cf. N. on I. 6. § 1. y.axe3<xnixvp t fra- 

f.uv, we entirely consumed, y.axd in composition signifies, exhaustion, 

consumption, etc. Cf. Vig. p. 246. paxoortoav, sc. bdov. Cf. S. 

§§140. N. 5: 164. 

12. UogevTs'or d* rjur. Cf. N. on OY.znxtov tivai, I. 3. § 11. 

Construct axa&fiohq, which here signifies the distance passed over 
(See N. on I. 5. 7), with 7To{itvxs'oi> (S. § 164), which is followed by 

the same case as its verb. Cf. S. § 162. 2. oiquXtiaxov, as far as 

possible. ovy. I'xi /nrj Svt'rjxai (laoiXtvq q/udq xaxaXafielv, " the king 

will no longer be able to overtake us." Felton. Svv^xai is here put for 
Svvriaaxai. Cf. S. § 215. N. 3. The double negative ov ,«??, is used 
with the future indicative, or with the subjunctive, in denials referring 
to the future; while fit} ov is usually constructed with the infinitive. 

Cf. Butt. §§ 139. 4: 14S. N. 6 ; S. § 225. 2. ananfi. Cf. N. on 

zad-ielv, II. 1. § 4. 

13. *Hv d' avtr\ rj axoax^yfa ovd?v dXXo dvrafitvr} r\ dnaftodvai 
r\ dnocfvytlv, this strategy had nothing else in view than to 
escape by secret or open flight. r\v — Swape-pr] = iSiraro. Cf. 
N. on I. 2. § 5 (end), axoaxr\yla, the plan of conducting the army. 
For the distinction between dnadndvou and dnoyvyhiv, cf. N. on I. 4. 

§ 8. y.dXXiov, more honor ably. Cf. S. § 124. 2. iv fefca tyavxfq 

x'ov tjXiov. By this it appears that their course was northerly. • 

Xoyi^ofiurot,, supposing. 

14. i'dotjav — boar, they thought that they saw. Cf. Butt. § 140. 1 ; 
3. 158. 2. 

15. 'Ev £ 3e, but whilst. Cf. N. on I. 10. § 10. Kal n>&bq l'yr M - 

aav x. x. X. These sumpter horses betokened the proximity of an 
armed force, and as it was not likely that the king would divide his 
army, they knew that he must be encamped iyyvq nov, somewhere 
near. xal ydo (= ydo, etenim) y.al, for also, introduces an addi- 
tional reason for their conclusion respecting the nearness of the roy- 
al army. 

16. fjdu ydo y.al aTtaorjy.oxaq xovq oxoctxiojxaq, for he knew that the 
soldiers were both exhausted. For the construction, cf. N. on ffitoav 
avtov rs&vrjxoxa, I. 10. § 16. dnuqr\ybxaq. perf. act. part, of dnoqqi-o), not 



264 NOTES. [Book II. 

used in the present. This verb signifies, (1) to announce, declare ; (2) 
to forbid, deny ; (3) to leave off, desist, and as this is oi'tener done from 
fatigue than any other cause, the word by metonomy of cause for ef- 
fect, assumes the meaning, to be weary or fatigued, which is its signi- 
fication here. i]3rj d? y.al 6iph t\v, and now also it was late (in the 

day). ov — ovd\ Cf. S. § 225. 1. doy.otrj is put in the opta- 
tive, because (jwlarTo/iitvoq, upon which it depends, borrows past time 

from anvAivz. Cf. S. § 216. 3. tv&i'wgov = y.ax svdalav (sc. 

6ddv), straight forward. Cf. S. § 124. 2. xovq nookovq, the van 

of the army. dq — yarfoxrjvojoBv. See N. on xarsntt} slq, I. 1. 

§ 3. it; ojv, i. e. the villages. y.al avra xd ano xu)V oly.idv t-vXa, 

even the very wood of the houses. The design of this was to cut off the 
rebel forces from necessary supplies. For the construction of avra, 
cf. S. § 144. 2. ano here denotes ' removal from.' 

17. of(o)q (substituted by Dind., Born., Pop., and Kriig. for opotoj), 
notwithstanding the villages had been stripped of every thing by the 
royal army. — — xgonoj xivl, in some manner = as well as they could. 

oy.oxaloi, in the dark. See Butt. § 123. N. 3 ; S. § 138. N. 1. ojq ixvy- 

Xavov ty.aoroi, sc. avht,6/iuroi, as each happened (to pass the night) 

= in whatever manner each one was able. tooxs — xal, so that 

even. iyyvxaxa here = iyyvxaroi. oy.fji'oj/Ltdrojr, tents, a verb- 
al noun from ovip'oo), to pitch a tent. Cf. S. § 129. N. 4. 

18. rtj voriqai'a, sc. ^iitou. ovt? y.anroq oi'daf.iov nXt}otov, nor 

smoke any where near. rij fyddw, at the approach. The king 

thought the Greeks were advancing to attack him, and hence on the 
next day he proposed a truce. Cf. II. 3. § 1. olq = ixtCvqiq d. 

19. y.al, also. olov d/.hq q,6(3ov tftnaoovToq ytyvto&ai, such as 

usually takes place, when fear falls upon a company of men. 

20. To).fu'S n v — tovtov. Cf. N. on d{.id£aq — ravxaq, I. 10. § 18. 
xrjin'y.a doinrov tiav tot?, the best crier of that time. For the con- 
struction of Toiv tot?, cf. S. § 149. N. 3. — oq dv rbv atpiVTa tov ovov dq 
xd onla /u.rjrvoi;, whoever woidd give information of the person, who 
had let loose the ass among the arms. u This is a mere joke, implying 
that there was no ground for alarm." Felton. 

21. y.tvoq, empty = vain, groundless. "A pa S? oq&-qoj, as soon 

as day broke. Robinson (Lex. N. T.) says that "oo&goq properly 
signifies the time before and about day-break, while one still needs a 
light; but also later, including the morning twilight until near sun-jcise. 5 
Here it evidently means break of day, inasmuch as heralds came from 
the king about sun-rise (Cf. II. 3. § 1), at which time Clearchus was 
already reviewing his troops. 



Chap. III.] NOTES. 265 



CHAPTER 111. 

1. "0 de Srj I'ygaxpa, but now that which I wrote, o = xovxo o, of 

which, xovxo refers to the clause oxv &po<%, and is the subject of 

%v. Reference is here made to what is said in II. 2. § 18. The evi- 
dence that the king was alarmed at the approach of the Greeks, was 
the difference in the tone of his second message, from that sent by 
Phalinus (II. 1. §§ 7-23). 

2. nqoyvXav.aq, the out-posts. ttyxovv. inquired for. xvxwv 

— $7zio)(07r oiv, happening to be reviewing. a/Qiq dv oxoXdoy, until 

he was at leisure. Cf. N. on dv Urja&t, I. 3. § 15. By this affecta- 
tion of contempt for the Persians, he inspired his own men with confi- 
dence, and gained time for the proper disposition of his troops. 

3. wots y.aXwq I'/eiv oqdoi &ai 7idrxr[ cpdXayya 7tvy.vr\v, SO that the 

dense lines made an imposing appearance on all sides. xaXwq i'x stv ' 

See N. on I. 1. § 5. t'x* tv nas ogdo&tu for its subject r<av <?£. 

"In narrative style," says Butt. (§ 126. 4), « 6, ?/, xo often stand only 
once and with 3e alone, in reference to an object already named." 
it in y.al «wto; te is to be construed with y.al before rolq dXXoiq f 
while ra — y.al in the next member connects zvonXoxdxovq and avudt- 
Gtdrovq. eygaaav. Cf. N. on I. 6. § 3. 

4. xt povXowco. Cf. S. § 216. 2. dvSgsq oinvtq, as persons 

who. Sturz says that dvdgtq here might have been omitted. — 

ixavol, suitable, duly authorized, is followed by dnayyiiXai. — — I'aor- 

xau. Cf. N. on andUi, I. 3. § 14. xd X£ nagd fiaoiXiwq, " regis man- 

data." Kriig. 

5. fxdxnq. For the genitive, cf. S. § 181. 1. ovde 6 xoX^owv, 

nor shall any one dare. An answer, as Born, remarks, worthy of a 
Spartan. For the construction, cf. S. § 140. 3. 

6. iyyvq nov, somevihere near. The subject of Intxixaxxo is xav- 

TCt nodxxecv. Cf. S. § 159. 1. oxv elxoxa doxoltv Xdyeiv fiaoiXal, that 

they (i. e. the Greeks) seemed to the king to propose what was reason- 
able. So Sturz, " cequa postulare." ot avxovq — d^ovaiv, to lead 

them. Cf. N. on ooxiq, I. 3. § 14. $ av al onovdal yivwxai. " A 

transition," says Matthise (§ 523, 1), " to a kind of oratio recta." idv, 
jjv, or dv, with the subjunctive is a milder expression than d with the 
future. See Mt. 1. c. — — I'v&ev = ixtloe I'v&ev. 

7. avxoiq — /.tovotq, alone. S. § 144. N. 3. • roTq artf^W, 

23 



266 NOTES. [Book II. 

There is much difficulty in determining satisfactorily, to whom drSod- 
ot refers. The conjecture of Weiske, that it means the Greeks and 
Persians, who passed between the two armies to arrange and ratify 
the truce, is inadmissible, because opposed to the facts of the case, 
the Persians alone passing between the armies as truce-makers. Nor 
can we adopt the surmise of Hacken cited by Poppo, that reference is 
had to those of the Greeks, who would be sent out to purchase and 
bring in provisions, inasmuch as it appears from the latter part of the 
preceding section, that all the Greeks were to be led whence they 
might take provisions. We must therefore conclude with Kriiger, 
that the ambassadors or messengers of the Persians are referred to. 
although this interpretation is by no means disincumbered of difficul- 
ties. 

8. fi£taat7]adf.uvoq avtoiiq having caused them (i. e. the messen- 
gers) to withdraw. Cf. S. § 207. 5. onovSaq noula&ai = ortev- 

fco&cu. xa& Tjouxtav = f}ovxjj, quietly, peacefully. 

9. firj dnodo^r] rjfiiv xdq anovSdq TToirjoao&ai, lest we resolve not to 

make the truce, fit/ dnodogrj tjjaZv = firj ov dogy Tjfiiv. olfiat ys. 

fiivrov x. r. X. The confidence in their own resources, manifested by 
the generals in hesitating to accept the truce proposed by the king, 
would tend to inspire the soldiers with more courage and energy in 
the perils with which they were beset. 

10. folv — pivroi = fikv de. to dh OTgdxfvpct I'/ow iv xd£u, but 

having his army in order of battle. Although going to conclude the 
truce, he did not in the least relax his vigilance. — — avXtioiv 

(= 6 X srolq, II. 4. § 13. Schneid.), canals, trenches. «?. Cf. N. on 

I. 5. § 10. diafldoeiq, literally passings over, here the means by 

which it is effected, viz. bridges. xovq 6}. In the formula? 

hfiiv — 6 <?f, one is sometimes omitted. Cf. Mt. § 288. Obs. 4. 

11. %v — xccrapa&av. Cf, N. on fa Xaptlv, I. 5. § 2. KXt'aq- 

Xov y.arafia&slv wq intaxaxst = v.axapaO-eiv wq KXaaqxoq Inzaxdxtt, 

(Cf. N. on I. 6. § 5). Irtaoxdxti, = ^o/f, qytjiovevtv. — paxxtjotctr) 

staff, truncheon, carried by the Lacedaemonian generals, as an instru- 
ment with which to correct their soldiers. Cf. Thucyd. VIII. 84. 
"Adeoque lochagos vapulasse a praetore docent Hell. VI. 2: 19." 

Kriig. nqoq xovxo, i. e. the construction of temporary bridges, and 

the management of those things, which pertained to the transporta- 
tion of the army and baggage across the trenches. ixXtyojisvoq 

%6v i7iixy\8iiov i7Tcu0sv civ. Of the various interpretations givenlo 
this passage, for brevity's sake, I shall select but one, which seems 
the most natural and free from objections, viz. selecting the one most 
worthy (of punishment) he would chastise him. For dv with i'naiaav, 
cf. N. on I. 9. § 19, — nal dpa avt q a. x. X. By thus sharing in the 



Chap. IIT.] NOTES. 267 

labor of his men, Ciearchus stimulated them to great exertions. 

oiffTS Tcaatv aloxvvrjv tlvai firj ov ovo7tov6di^eiv, so that every one was 
ashamed not to assist in urging on the work. Mt. (§ 609. p. 1082), 
says that ov py is found after words, in which a negative sense is in- 
volved, as dcivov, aloxQop ion, etc., denoting that which ought not to 
happen. Cf. Butt. § 148. N. 6. 2. 

12. TTQoq avtov. The common reading Ttohq avrbv, is rejected by 
the best critics, as being without any sense, nobq avxb (= nqhq xovxo, 
§ 11) is adopted by Kriiger and Poppo, and perhaps is best suited to 

the passage. ol xgidxovxa i'xrj yeyovoxiq, those being thirty years 

old. Cf. S. §§ 209. N. 4 : 168. N. 1. 

13. v7to7ZT£vwv, because he suspected. Cf. S. 5 222. 1. ol'a 



= iaivtifotoj fit, suitable. Cil Mt. § 479. Obs. 2. a ; Butt. § 150. 
Hutch, thinks that the battle of Cunaxa took place the latter part of 
September. If so, the season for watering the region was past. Cf. 

N. on I. 7. § 15. nqoyalvoixo — tlvai. Cf. N. on yfrovuiv icpcti- 

vito, I. 9. § 19. rovrov refers to the assertion made in the pre- 
ceding clause. ro vSojq dcptixtvai, had caused the water to be let 

forth, aptixf'vcu, perf. infin. of acpfrjpi. Ciearchus hastened on the 
army in order to show, that these impediments neither retarded nor 
terrified the Greeks, and also to give the Persians no time to interpose 
more serious obstacles to his march. 

14. olios, " acidulum potum e dactylis coctis paratum ; olvov, dul- 

ciorem potum, e dactylis expressis paratum ." Morus. <knb xtiv 

avrojv. Cf. N. on II. 2. § 16. 

15. ovaq f.i$v = xaiavxat, [ih> ol'aq. I'anv. Cf. N. on t\v Xa- 

fiiiv, I. 5. § 2. rolq olxtraiq ansxtivro, were laid by for the domes- 
tics, olxftmq is the Dativus Commodi. Cf. N. on I. 2. § 1. 

dnoXtxxoi, selected, a verbal from anoltyo). Cf. Butt. §§ 102. 3 : 60. 

4 ; S. § 49. 2. orpiq, appearance. 7\XtxxQov, amber, a yellow, 

transparent, gummous substance found in many countries, but mostly 
upon the shores of the Baltic. For the construction of TjXexxQov, cf. 
S. § 186. N. 3. Krug. makes t\X4xxqov stand for t\X4xxqov oipeojq, the 
noun being employed for its attribute, which is the real object of com- 
parison. xdq dt xvvaq, but some. xqaytifiaxa, for desserts. 

A substantive frequently expresses the design of the noun with which 
it is in apposition. Cf. Mt. § 433. Obs. 3. Cf. also And. and Stod. Lat. 

Gr. § 204. R. 1. The dmxf'qa xqdni'Qa, secondtabte = dessert, was 

made up of various sweetmeats, and furnished in times of luxury with 

great splendor. Cf. Man. Clas. Lit. § 165. p. 536. t\v — r\Sv, sc. 

tout o (i. e. t«i"t« xd xqayrj/naxa). naqd noxov (= avjittooiov), in 

drinking, i. e. during the drinking-bout, which frequently ibllowed the 
feast in ancient times. Cf. N. on VI. l.§ 5. It was at one of these sym- 



268 NOTES. [Book II. 

.posiums, that Alexander is said to have died in a state of beastly in- 
toxication. The wise man doubtless referred to this custom (Prov. 
23 : 29, 30), when in answer to the question, " Who hath woe," &c. 

he replies: " They that tarry long at the wine." xecpaXaXytq 

(y.iyati], the head, and alyoq, pain), causing headache. 

16. tyyJcpaXov, the brain, i. e. the pith or marrow, which, being 
found in the top of the tree, was called its lyyJyaloq. So Pliny XIII. 
4 ; " dulcis medulla earum (i. e. palmarum) in cacumine, quod cere- 
brum appellant." — xr\v i§t,6xr\xa xr\q r\Sovr[q the peculiar flavor, 

or quality of its flavor. The palm tree, of which such frequent 
mention is made in the ancient and oriental writings, is the pride 
of tropical climes, and far surpasses in grandeur all other trees 
of the forest. The trunk springs up straight, unbranching, and taper- 
ing, until towering far above the surrounding trees, it is crowned by 
a tuft of large, radiating leaves, which gives it a singularly grand and 
unique appearance. But aside from its majesty, it is superior to al- 
most every other plant in useful properties. It furnishes to the inhab- 
itants of the region where it grows, bread, wine, vinegar, sugar, fruit, 
and materials for all kinds of wicker work, etc. Strabo says there 
was a Persian song, in which three hundred and sixty-five advantages 
of the palm tree were enumerated. It is found in great abundance 
in Babylonia. Cf. Bib. Repos. VII. p. 367. — o&ev = i£ ov. 

18. aurixava, insuperable. evQri/iia lnoir\aa^7\v, I regarded it 

an unexpected gain, tvQijfia answers to our familiar expressions, 

windfall, good luck, etc. s% xojq, if by some means. He hints by this 

at the difficult nature of his request. dovvai, give = permit. 

dnoaojaat v^aq tlq xriv'Eu.dSa, to conduct you safely into Greece, ano- 
otincu (by constructio prsegnans) = to save and lead, dno gives to 
oa>£o) the idea of complete deliverance; to save from, sc. all dangers. 
— — - otf.ia.1 ydo av ayy. ct/aoioTW? t uoi Hslv, I think that I should not be 
unrewarded, av gives to *£eiv the idea of probability. Cf. Mt. § 599. 

d. Dind. after Suid. reads l/tir. nQoq luon; by you = on your 

part 

19. oxv Siy.a(o)q civ pat, /agitoixn, i. e. (says Poppo) oxi, el '/aqitoi- 
xo, liiy.afaq av fioi y_aaCiovxo = that if he should reward me, he would 
(on account of my merit) justly do it. For av in the apodosis. cf. N. 
on I. 6. § 2. Kvobv re Imoxoaxtvovxa — TJyytda. For the con- 
struction, cf. S. § 222. 2. Tissaphernes here refers to what is detailed, 

I. 2. §§ 4, 5. cilia xjj ayytUia. Cf. N. on II. 1. § 2. xwv — xzxa- 

ypevwv = iy.fivon 1 ot xtxay/ui'voi fjoav (S. § 140. 3), of which ixstvojv is 
constructed with f.ioroq denoting a fart. S. § 177. Reference is had 
to the officers, who under Tissaphernes commanded the left wing oi 
the king's army at Cunaxa. ani/.xuve is used here for the plu 



Chap. III.] NOTES. 269 

perfect. Cf. N. on inotrjas, I. 1. § 2. — — xolqdt xolq naqovat vvv fisr 
ifiov, with those now present with me. 

20. povUvoao&ai, to deliberate, take counsel, sc. with others. See 
below, § 25 (end). For the tense, cf. N. on navaao&ai, I. 2. § 2. — — 
igsa&at, — vfiaq. Cf. S. § 165. 1. The accusative of thing is the next 

clause. xlvoq tvaxsv, on account of what = for what reason. 

/xtrofaq, moderately, i. e. in good temper. tva pot evnqaxxo- 

xzqov fj iav xv dvrojfiav dya&ov vfiiv naq avxov dianqdgao&ai. The 
order is, tva dianqdgao&at, iav re (= o xi. See N. on II. 1. §8) 
dya&bv dvvm^iau (sc. dianqd^aa&aC) j] avnqaxxoxeqov [iot. Cf. S. 
§ 159. 2. 

21. /Luxaoxdvxsq, having withdrawn. KXe'aqxoq °*' fXeyev, i. e. 

he was spokesman for the others. w? — nokfu^oovxsq. Cf. N. on 

I. 1. § 3. ; our nogevofit&a inl (Zaailia, nor should we have march- 
ed against the king. This is an apodosis, av being supplied, The 
protasis is dX).a noXXdq x. x. L It appears, from III. 1. § 10, that Clear- 
chus was not unacquainted with the real object of the expedition. 

22. i Eml fttvxov Tjdrj avxov tojovUfisv h duvw ovxa, but when we saw 
him already beset with danger, iv dtivai ovxa = iv Seivolq ovxa, "pe- 

riculis pressum." Sturz. jjoxvv&rj/utv xal &soi>q xal dv&qojnovq 

nqoSovvai, avxbv, our respect for the gods and men forbade that we 
should desert him. u The verb aia/vvofiat takes the participle, when 
the action of which one is ashamed is performed, the infinitive, when 
the action is declined through shame." Rost § 129. 4. Cf. VII. 6. 
§21. <&eovq and dv&Qa>7Tovq are constructed in the accusative with 
jioxvv&iipsv on the principle that verbs of emotion are often followed 
by an accusative, which is both the object and efficient cause of the 

emotion. Cf. Mt. § 414. naqt'xovxsq rjfiaq avxovq ev noulv, liter- 

ally, furnishing ourselves (to him) to receive benefits = having put 

ourselves in the way of receiving favors from him. tv noulv, sc. 

cjoxe xov Kvqov. 

23. xi'O-vtjy.ev, is dead. — — ovxe fiaatXtl dvxmotovfit&a xrjq dqx?jq, 
we neither aim at the dominion of the king. For the construction of 

(taailti, cf. S. § 197. 1 ; of ceo/?/?, S. § 182. oW taxiv oxov IVsza, 

" nor is there any reason whyP Felton. The subject of i'axcv and an- 
tecedent of oxov, is some such word as nqdyfia or XQVP 01 understood. 

See S. § 150. 5. xaxojq noulv = xay.a noulv. Cf. S. § 165. N. 2. # 

See also N. on I. 6. § 7. xiq, some one, softer than vpzlq for which 

it stands. avv xolq &eolq, with the help of the gods. For the 

construction of tl noiaiv (= dya&d noiwv) vndqxr\, begins doing well, 

cf. S. § 222. 3. xal xovxov eiqye dvvafitv ovx ^xxriaofis&a (=^ttt;<9-7;- 

aope&a. Cf. Rost § 114. 1. N. 1) *v noiovvxeq, " we will not be behind him, 

23* 



270 NOTES. [Book II. 

at least so far as our 'power goes, in conferring favors." Felton. For 
the constrution of rovrov, cf. S. § 184. 1. 

24. jusvovtojv imperative for (lEverwoav. Cf. Butt. § 103. II. 5 ; S. 
§88. 

25. wor<9-' ol "EXXyvsq i<pQovTit,ov. The Greeks designate the actual 
consequence of an act by wots with the indicative, the conjectural 
consequence, by mots with the infinitive. Rost § 125. 7. N. 7. do&rj- 

vcu. Cf. N. on dovvai, §. IS. oo'itsiv rovq "EXXrjvaq. Supply slq 

tr\v f EXXa§a from § 18, supra. wq ovx ol^iov sXr\ (iaoiXsT, that it was 

not becoming the king, agiov = notnov is followed by the dative. 
Cf. S. § 190. N. 3. acps Xvat, to send away (in peace and safety). 

26. Ts'Xoq 6\ but finally. Cf. S. § 124. 1. Usonv. Cf. N. on 

t\v Xafislv, I. 5. § 2. 7\ [iip> is the usual formula of an oath or 

solemn confirmation. Cf. Butt. § 149. p. 432 ; Mt. § 604. 

27. Sia cpdCaq. Cf. I. 3. § 14. aoivwq, i. e. without committing- 

depredations upon the country, through which they were to pass. 
• o)vovf.cevovq, by purchase. 

29. aTzsifii, I shall go. Cf. N. on 1. 3. § 11. wq paoiXsa. Cf. 

N. on I. 2. § 4. a == ravra Sv (S. § 151. R.), of which &v is con- 
structed with Stof-iau Cf. S. § 181. 1. ovoxsvaodfisvoq is an aor- 

ist in relation to the future 7/£w, and indicates the completeness of the 

action. Cf. Mt. § 559. c. w? a7tdgo)v. See N. on I. 1. § 3. 

amwv. " A very clear instance of the future." Butt. § 118. p. 236. 



CHAPTER IV. 

1. r\fiEQctq nUlovq r\ tUooiv. According to Diod. (XIV. 26), Tis- 
saphernes in this interim went with the king to Babylon. His long 
delay, together with the tampering of Ariasus, justly inspired the 
Greeks with fears respecting the sincerity of the Persians, but having 

no remedy, they were obliged to await the issue. y.ctl nqoq rovq 

ovv ixztvo) IJsqomv nvsq, and some of the Persians came to those with 

him, i. e. to the followers of Arkeus. ds&aq, pledges, assurances. 

— — I'vtot is in apposition with nv>q. Cf. Mt. § 432. 3. /.ivrjoixa- 

xriotw — iTuoTQaretaq. The genitive expressing both the object and 
cause of a feeling, may be rendered on account of. Cf. Mt. § 368.~&j 
S. § 187. 1. — 

2. Tovrotv 6s yiyvo/us'vm', while these things were taking place. Cf. 

S. §§ 192: 209. 1. olnsgl tov ^gidlof, Ariceus and his party. 

Buttmann (150. p. 439) remarks, "the Attics avail themselves of this 



Chap. IV.] NOTES. 271 

indefinite expression, even where they wish to speak chiefly only of 
the one person, leaving it from some cause or other doubtful, whether 

it really concerns only this one or not." Cf. Mt. § 583. c. 1. rjxxov 

TtooqfyovTst; xoZq"E).liicfi xhv vovr, less attentive to the Greeks. Cf. N. 

on I. 5. § 9. y.al xovxo, this also, i. e. in addition to the suspicious 

circumstances spoken of in the preceding section. 

3. TC, why. Cf. S. § 167. R. negl navxoq. Cf. N. on tisqI 

tzUCoxov, I. 9. § 7. axgaxevetv is used as an adnominal genitive 

after yofioq. Cf. S. § 221. N. 4. did xo diso7tdgO-ai, aixw to axgd- 

xevfia, because his army is dispersed. ovy. foxiv orroq ovx Ini&rf 

aixai ijjulr, it is impossible (See N. I. 5. § 2) that he will not attack us 
= he will by all means attack us. That these forebodings were not 
groundless, painful evidence was soon furnished. For the construc- 
tion of ovk taxiv onus, cf. Butt. § 150. p. 438 ; Mt. § 482. Obs. 2. 

4. "lows St 710V, perhaps somewhere. 6i is here continuative. — — 

T*, SC. xwqiov. aitogoq — dnogivxoq. h.tav ye gives emphasis to 

fiovl.rjotxai. Render the clause, for he will never willingly permit. 

xoaoife ovxsq, being so many (and no more) = being so few. 

Cf. N. on I. 3. § 14 (end). inl xalq &vgaiq. The Greeks were so 

near Babylon, that it might be said, they were at the very gates of 
the king's palace. 

5. iTil 7ToXi[iv),for the purpose of making war, with hostile intent, 
int here denotes the end or object of the action. Cf. Butt § 147 ; 

Mt. § 585. /?. rtaoa, xaq anovduq nmiiv, to violate the treaty : 

properly, to act contrary to the treaty. ■ "Enuxa, thereupon. 

ngfaxov, av&iq de, and y.al dpa mark the disastrous consequences, 

resulting from breaking the truce. Matthiae (§ 482) says thatoi<F 

onod-iv is put for ovd* tGxai ovdh; o&ev, or ovdtlq nagil-tt xonov, o&tv. 

Cf. S. § 150. 5. 6 qyiioofievoq olSslq h'axat, there will be no one to 

conduct us. Cf. N. on 6 xol^aon', II. 3. § 5. dfia Tetvra noiovv- 

x(dv ri/iwv, as soon as we do these things. Cf. S. § 222. N. 4. — — dq>sax^- 
|st, will desert, lar^lw, / shall stand, and its compound dcpeax^b), 
J shall stand away from, i. e. forsake, desert, are futures formed to 
suit the present meaning of ioxrp.a, 1 stand, while ox^ao) has the 
meaning of I shall place, from iotni"- Cf> - Butt § 107 - IL 4 5 Irre S- 

Verbs, p. 136. UXttxpexai. Cf. S. § 211. dUdy.al ol Ttgoo&ev 

ovxsq, and even those who were (our friends) before, i. e. Ariaeus and 
his followers. 

6. 6b d fii'v, but whether. & in xhv F ovv responds to fikv in 

the preceding member, ovv = as to that. See N. on I. 3. § 5. — 
EvfQdxrju Xopsv oxi. For the construction, cf. N. on I. 8. § 21. The 
necessity of crossing the Euphrates is indicated by alloq — laxi Sia- 
fiaxioq in the preceding clause, dy in ov filv 6r\ serves to introduce 



272 ' NOTES. [Book If J 

with emphasis another difficulty, viz. the want of cavalry. Cf. Vig. 

p. 188. VI. nXttoxov a£iot.. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 12. ol6v xt, 

Cf. N. on I. 3. § 17. 

7. ""Eyw [.ilv ovv fiaoiXf'a, & noXXd ovrwq iaxl xd ovpfiaxct, elneq ngo&v- 
^leixai rj/.idq dnoXt'oai, ovz o?(?c* oxt dsl avxbv 6/tooat, " now for my part, 
I do not see why the king, whose resources are so great, should swear 
to us, if he really meant to destroy us" Sophocles (Gram. § 144. N. 
1). fiaoiXea is the subj. accus. of 6}i6oai, before which avrbv referring 
to paoikea is placed, in consequence of the intermediate clauses be- 
tween fiaotXea and opoaou. For the construction of dtl, cf. S.§ 159. N. 

1. ■ &Eoi>q iTttoQxyjaai. " With verbs c to swear,' the deity or person 

by whom one swears is put in the accusative." Mt. § 413. 10. Clear- 
chus argues that if the ulterior design of the king were bad, he would 
not have entered of his own accord into such a solemn covenant with 
the Greeks. 

8. 3 Ev dh xovxw. Cf. N. on I. 10. § 6. 'Ogovxaq. Repeat rjy.ev f%wv.. 

— qys da v.. t. X. Both Tissaphernes and Orontas were rewarded 
with the hand of the king's daughters, for their fidelity and good 

conduct in the war with Cyrus. Inl ydpo), for marriage, i. e. 

for the purpose of marrying her. The nuptials were to be celebrated 
in his satrapy. 

10. iq> iavTwv, by themselves. Cf. Mt. § 584. #. ixdoxoxs = 

del, always. dnr/ovxeq dXXi\X(av. Cf. N. on I. 10. §4. dXXy\- 

Xovq depends on icpvXdrxovxo which apparently is transitive. This 
accusative, however, may be regarded very properly as synecdochi- 
cal. Cf. S. § 207. N. 1. 

11. i/. xov avxov, from the same place. t'x&gar. Their pre- 
cautionary measures created vnoylar, suspicion ; the petty conten- 
tions, which resulted from this jealousy led to tx&gctv, enmity. 

12. From the time of the truce to the passage of the Tigris at 

Sitace, the course of the armies was south-easterly. ngbq to Mr r 

Staq v.. x. I. This wall appears to have been erected, to protect the 
inhabitants of Babylonia from the incursions of the Medes. It did 
not run directly across the isthmus, but inclined from the Euphrates 
to the Tigris in a N. E. direction. Its length according to Rennell 

was about 24 British miles. avxov eto<a, within it. Cf. S. § 188. 

2. nXhd-oiq hnxalq, burnt bricks, were different from the wprj 

TtXtv&oq, dried brick, which was a common material for buildings, ia. 

those countries. Cf. Bib. Rep. Vol. VIII. p. 167. h doydXxw. 

This is the cement used by the builders of Babel. u Bitumen had 
they for cement." Gen. 11 : 1-9. This bitumen was found in in- 
exhaustible quantities in the fountains at Heet. Rich says, that 
the principal bitumen-pit at Heet has two sources, and is divided by 



Chap. IV.] K.OTES. 273 

a wall in the centre, on one side of wbich the bitumen bubbles up, and 
on the other side, the oil of naptha, for the two productions are al- 
ways found in the same situations. The bitumen is at first brittle, 
but is rendered capable of being applied to brick, by being boiled 
with a certain proportion of oil. It furnishes the finest of all cements. 
Cf. Bib. Repos. Vol. VIII. pp. 158-89. 

13. dtiogvxctq. A reference to these canals, with which the region 
of Babylonia was cut up, will help to explain the beautiful poetic ef- 
fusion. " By the rivers of Babylon," &c. Along these canals or 
streams, designed to irrigate and beautify Babylon and the adjacent 
country, the captive Jews sauntered after the toils of the day, and re- 
posing under the shady willows, indulged in expressions of mutual 

sympathy, or mourned in silence over their wrongs and woes. ■ 

iXdtrovq, narrower. Cf. S. §§ 59. 3 : 58. 2.- 6x at ol f drains, rivulets. 

wOTTsg iv tfi 'EllaSi. Repeat y.axaxaxir^y\vxai. So Krug. 

ngoq &>, near which. 2ixay.rj. Mannert (Geog. V. p. 384) 

gives this town the site now occupied by Old Bagdad. 

14. nag aiixrjv, near it. For the construction of navxotoiv, cf. 

S. § 181. 1. ot de fidgpagoi, a. r. X. Kriiger places a colon after 

Ttygrjxa, and supplies iay.r\v^aav from the preceding clause. But this 
is unnecessary, since by rendering diafefirjy.oxfq, although having just 
crossed, the way is prepared for ov /ievtot, without making the sentence 
consist of two propositions. 

15. i'tv/ov iv 7i$o(,7tdxo) ovxtq, happened to be walking. 7tqo 

row oTtkiav = before the camp. y.al xavxa. Cf. N. on I. 4. § 12. 

naqd^AqtaCov <wv, being sent from Ariceus. 

16. oxi. Cf. N. on I. 6. § 7. 6 av&qoMoq = iy.Ctvoq. f.irj 

- im&uvxai. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 17. xrjq wxxbq, this night. Cf. 

N. on II. 2. § 12. St = yag. x$ 7tXr\atov nagaddooj, the neigh- 
boring park. Cf. S. § 141. 1 ; also N. on I. 2. § 7. 

17. wq = on, since, because. Cf. Mt. § 628. 5. wq in the next 

member is put for LVa, that, so that. See Mt. § 628. 1. aXX iv 

fieaoj dnoXi](f&rJTe xov noxapov y.al xrjq diojgvxoq, but that you may be 
shut in, between the river and the canal, iv [iiaw = fiexagv. 

18. ixagdx&rj o<podqa y.al icpopelxo. The situation of the Greek 
army in the very heart of the Persian empire, enclosed by rivers and 
canals, and surrounded by myriads of enemies, was anything but fa- 
vorable. No wonder that so daring a soldier even as Clearchus. should 
be filled with consternation at this intelligence of a night attack, in 
which Grecian discipline would be far less effectual against the over- 
whelming numbers of the enemy, than in a battle by day. 

19. xojv 7tag6vto)v, of those who were present. For the construc- 
tion, cf. S. §§ 140. 3 : 177. 1. ova dxokov&a, not consistent (with 



274 NOTES. [Book II. 

each other). The subject of £h\ is to Ini&ia&ai x. t. X. Cf. S. 

§ 159. 2. on fTtiTtd-ffAf'vovq j/\ viY.yv dajaei i] rjtrcia&ai, that if they 

attack us, they will of necessity conquer or be conquered. For the con- 
struction, cf. S. § 159. N. 1. onoi. See N. on I. 9. § 13. 

20. 'Ear <f av, but if on the other hand. The argument is, that in 
case the Persians were victorious in this night assault, the destruction 
of the bridge would not be necessary for the reasons specified ; and 
if they should lose the battle, nothing could be more ruinous to them, 
than thus to cut off the means of retreat and preclude those on the 

other side of the river from coming to their aid. 7zoXXwv ovxvjv 

rte'Qccv, mqfiy being the other side (of the river). Tte'gav is here used 
absolutely. Cf. Butt. Lexil. No. 91. 

22. Tdrf dr] xal, then indeed. v7to7tff,ixpaitv (== ^uxa SoXov lx- 

rttfixpauv. So Suidas), had privily sent. Cf. Thucyd. IV. 46. § 5. 

oxvovvxsq fpij — [.itrouv. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 17. oxvovvxsq borrows 

past time from vnortf^aisv, upon which it depends. — dtsXuvxiq 

is adopted, on the conjecture of Holzmann, by the best critics in- 
stead of disl&ovTfq, which destroys the obvious sense of the passage. 

vrjaw. So called from its being inclosed by the river and canal. 

Cf. § 17, supra. iovfiaxa is in apposition with Ttyorixa and duoov- 

#a. i'v&sv fi>v — tv&tv 6?, hinc — illinc, on the one hand — on the 

other. dya&rjq, fertile. xwv ioyaooftf'vwv iv6i>To,r } the laborers 

being in it. The peasantry would be necessary to till the land and 

supply the Greeks with necessary food. cbroor-r^og^ (= xaxacpv- 

yy\. So Phav.), a refuge, a place of refuge. Cf. Cyr. V. 2. § 23 ; 

Herod. VIII. 109 •; Demosth. Phil. I. 8. xiq, any one (of the 

lung's subjects). 

23. Mera t«vt«, after these things. ps'vtm — ofmq, never- 
theless, i. e. although they did not believe the messenger. fLivxm 

serves here to strengthen oui»q. Kctl ov-ts Im&txo oi>dt\q ovSafio- 

-&sv, but no one from any quarter attacked them. Notice the accumu- 
lation of negatives. Cf. S. § 225. 1. See also I. 6. § 11 ; 8. § 20. 

24. wq olov Tf fidXiara TttcpvXayjiifvojq, " with every possible precau- 
tion." Felton. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 17. xo>v naoa TioocHpf'ovovq'EXXrj- 

vo)v, of those Gi-eeks (who were) with Tissaphernes. Cf. N. on 1. 1. § 5* 

ojq dia(2atr6i>Tojv pe'XXoiev iTZi&tjcrect&ou, that the Persians were 

about to attack them (i. e. the Greeks) while ih ey were crossing. For 
the construction of Siafiaivovxwv, cf. S. § 222. 1 ; of f.it'XXottv Ini&^asf 
o&av, cf. S. § 219. N. 1. For the use of the middle, see S. § 207. 1. 

Poppo follows the common reading imxt&so&cu dcapaivovxm 

fiivtov (sc. avrwj'. Cf. N. on I. 2. § 17), however, while they were cross- 
ing. £t Siapatvow, whether they were crossing. Ind dl tldev^ 

SC. avtouq diafiaivovxaq. w/ito omeXaivuv = a7tr t Xaae } he rode 



Chap. IV.] NOTESL 275 

aivay. C£ S. § 222. N. 2. The cowardice and duplicity of the 
Persians are eminently shown in this whole affair. 

25. (Pvoy.ov. Rennell thinks that this is the river now called Di- 

ala or Deallah. a,7tr\vtrios = ive'tngs, met. vo&oq adelcpbq, 

illegitimate brother. Cf. N. on I. 1. § 1. 2ovom>. Susa, " a cele- 
brated city of Susiana in Persia, situated on the east side of the Eu- 
lasus or Choaspes. Anth. das. Diet. On account of its being shel- 
tered from the north-east wind Dy a high ridge of mountains, it be- 
came from the time of Cyrus the Great, the winter residence of the 
Persians. It is celebrated in Scripture as the place, where Daniel 
saw the vision of the ram and he-goat, and where Ahasuerus kept his 
splendid feast Sir John Malcolm says, " its ruins are not less than 
12 miles in extent, and that wild beasts roam at large over a spot, 
where once stood some of the proudest palaces ever raised by human 
art." "Ev.^atavm', Ecbatana, a city of Media, and next to Baby- 
lon and Nineveh, one of the strongest and most beautiful cities of the 

East It was the summer residence of the Persian kings. wq por[- 

&y { a<ov. Cf. N. on I. 1. § 3. 

26. tiq Svo, two and two, i. e. two a-breast. Cf. Yig. p. 226. XIV. 

See also N. on I. 2. § 15. allots y.al allots i<piotdj.ievoq, halting 

now and then. oaov <f [av] xq6vov,os long time as. corresponds to 

toaovtov xQoi'ov in the next member. Cf. S. § 73. 1. — to ijyovfis- 

vov, the van. iniatrjaeis, sc. iavto. So Mt § 521. But Schneid., 

Born., and Pop., supplying o Klsagxoq, make to tjyovfievov the object 
of IniGtrioi it. So also Kruger, who, however, adopts the common 
reading iTTiatfj, and objects to the employment of the optative, on the 
ground that av ought in that case to be omitted. But that the opta- 
tive sometimes takes dp in such a construction, see Mt § 527. Obs. 2 ; 

Butt. § 139. N. 3. toaovtov rjv avciyxtj %q6vov Si olov tov atgatev- 

fiatoq ylyvzo&ai t^v Inlataaiv, so long a time, a halt of necessity took 
place through the whole army, or more briefly, so long the whole army 
necessarily halted. For the construction of ylyvza&ai, cf. S. § 221. 
N. 4. tov IlfQatjv, i. e. the brother of the king. 

27. elq taq JJaovadxidoq v.wfiaq. Cf. N. on I. 4. § 9. Kvqo), 

Imyyzloiv, insulting Cyrus, i. e. the memory of Cyrus. nlr\v av~ 

doa7z6d'b)v, except slaves, i. e. they were permitted to enslave none of 
the inhabitants. 

28. niqav tov notafiov, on the other side of the Hver. " ndqav, 
beyond, on the other side, chiefly of rivers and other waters." Butt 
§ 117. 1. 



276 NOTES. [Book II. 



CHAPTER V. 

1. Zdparov, Zabatus, now called the Greater Zab, to distinguish 
it from another river of the same name farther down, which is called 
the Lesser Zab. Its course is South. 

2. ovyysvea&cu, to have an interview with. Ttavocti, to cause to 

cease. Ttqlv — yeve'o&cu. Cf. S. § 220. 2. l| ainm', i. e. the 

suspicions. igovvta oxi — xQV^°h t° sa V (^- § 222. 5) that he 

wished. avxw refers to Tissaphernes. 

3. olda — ogxovq yfysvy/ui'vovq. Cf. N. on jjdeoav avxbv Tt&vyxorct, 

I. 10. § 16. pr} ddix^anv dXXjXovq, not to injure one another. For 

the construction of ddtxqotiv, cf. S. § 219. 2. rj/A.dq depends on yv- 

Xazropevov. Cf. N. on II. 4. § 10. 

4. oxotimv, watching closely. ovrs is followed by re in the next 

member. Cf. N. on ^r\xe — x?, II. 2. § 8. elq Xoyovq ooi iX&elr, 

" to come to an understanding with you, literally, to come to words with 

you." Felton. For ooi, cf. S. § 195. 1. onuq el dwa(f.ia&a ih'- 

Xoifjitv dXX^Xmv rijv dmoxlav (= viroiptav), that, if possible, we might 
remove our mutual distrust. 

5. Kal ydg olda Tjdrj, for I have already (i. e. before now) known. 

Poppo says that xoiq f£lv — xolq 6h — ot — i7ioirjoav is a kind 

of anacoluthon for Sv ol pfv — ol dt — lnoir\oav, or ol i7iolr\oav, ol (ilv 

— ol de. Kriiger thinks that the writer began the sentence, as if he 

would have written If vnoylaq, cpoprj&e'vxaq (lovXoptvovq — 7toir\- 

oavxaq, but changed the construction to avoid the recurrence of so 

many participles. Cf. Mt. § 631. 4. xal, even. dXX^Xovq. See 

N. on II. 4. § 10. y&doai povXopzvot, 7tglv na&iiv, wishing to in- 
flict an injury before they received one == desiring to avert danger by 

striking the first blow. dvtfxeoxa xaxd, irreparable evil. 

For the construction of rovq — ^uXXovxaq (sc. notrjoai), cf. S. 
§ 165. 1. 

6. dyvw^oovvaq, misunderstandings. ^xu), I am come. 

7. Clearchus now proceeds to show that the Persians had no 
reason to distrust the Greeks. Ttq&xov /ikv ydg xal [it'yioxov,forjirsT 

and greatest, i. e. first in order and importance. ol &ivv oqxoc the 

oaths made to the gods. &zoiv is the objective genitive. Cf. S. § 173. 

N. 2. xovxotv depends on nagfj/niX^xojq, Cf. S. § 182. ovvoidev 

avxw — 7raQrj/u.£Xr}xwq. See N. on I. 3. § 10. ovr dnb rtoCov dvrd- 

%ovq, neither by means of what speed. dnoyvyoi — dnodgalti. No- 



Chap. V.] NOTES. 277 

tice the distinction in the meanings of these words referred to in N. 

on I. 4. § 8 j II. 2. § 13. axoxoq, darkness = dark place. 

" o7n»q pertinet ad i/vgor, quo modo munitumP Weiske, cited 

by Kriiger. ■ JJavxy\ yag ncivra, for all things every where. 

For the construction of these kindred words, cf. S. § 232. The sub- 
limity of this passage ought not to pass unnoticed. It shows that 
worthy ideas of the gods, (alas, that it should be &suv and not &iov,) 

could find a place in a heathen mind. Cf. Ps. 139 : 1-12. v7t<>xa 

= vnozaiqia. xyatouou are masters. For its construction with 

7zdvT<ov, cf. S. § 184. 1. Matthise (§ 359. Obs. 1) says that xganlv 
= y.qdaao) thou, takes the gen. from the ideaof comparison included 
in it. It is sometimes constructed with the dat. (Cf. Mt. § 360. a), 
and sometimes with the accus. (Mt. § 360. b), especially in the sense 
to conquer. Cf. V. 6. § 9; VII. 6. § 32. See also S. § 184. N. 2. 

8. nag olq. A conjectural reading of Muretus, sanctioned by 
Schneid., Dind., Born., and Poppo. All the MSS. except one, have 
nag ovq, which Kriiger thinks to be the true reading, from the idea 
of 'approach' contained in y.at£&f { uad-a. Render nag olq rj^tslq x)\v 
tpiliav ovv&ipivot, xaxa&^u&a, with whom we, having formed an al- 
liance, have deposited our friendship. By the solemn oaths and 
sacrifices, with which the league of friendship was ratified, a virtual 
deposit of it was made with the gods. Hence, as this deposit was 
the result of a mutual and harmonious arrangement, neither party 
clandestinely or without just cause could withdraw it, and become 

secret or open enemies to their sworn friends. xwv dh dv&gwntvwv 

is opposed to ntgl fi$v twc &acjv in the preceding member, and limits 
fieyioxov. Cf. S. § 177. 1. — as tyioye. The position of these words 
is beautiful and emphatic. *v tw nagovxi, at the present time. 

9. yag aol. Pop. writes yao ooi on the ground that avv, as opposed 
to avtv in the next clause, is the emphatic word. But it is easy to 
see that an emphasis even then rests on the pronoun. Cf. Butt. § 14. 

7. naoa (= blrj. So Hesych.) p\v rjfiiv bdbq, the whole of our 

way homeward. did oxoxovq = oxotuvti, dark, i. e. unknown, 

unexplored. yopegoq, fearfid, i. e. an object of fear. (poftegm- 

xaxov. " When the adjective is a predicate, it often stands in the 
neut. sing., although the subject is masc, fern., or in the plur." Mt. 
§ 437. 4. iqtj/Lita is opposed to o'/loq. 

10. Ei ds dr} xal, but if indeed. ci).?.o xi dv tj rbv tvegyf'xrjv xa- 

xaxxzlvavxtq, what else (would happen) than having slain our benefac- 
tor. For the construction of alio n, cf. Mt. § 487. 9 ; Butt. § 150. 

p. 436. lysdgov. In the public games, the candidates were 

matched by lot. In case of an odd number, he who drew it was cali- 

24 



278 NOTES. [Book II. 

ed tytSgoq (int and %8ga, a seat), and awaited the issue oi the contest 
in order to be opposed to the conqueror. Cf. Man. Clas. Lit. § 81. p. 

497. For the construction of iXntdojv ipavrbv oregijaatfii, cf. S. 

§ 181. 2. 

11. yag (illustrantis. See N. on I. 6. § 6) introduces an explana- 
tion of the preceding proposition. Cf. Mt. § 615. xwv xoxz. See 

N. on II. 2. § 20. ov = ixelvov ov. S. § 150. 5. Kvgov dvva- 

fiiv, i. e. the army of Cyrus, which Ariaeus was now leading. 

Xwgav, i. e. the satrapy referred to, I. 1. § 2. -■ xrjv fe (taaiXtb,q dvva- 
l*iv, f\ Kvgoq noXspta */£>?Jto, aot tavx^v ovftpaxov ovaav, and the king's 
power, which Cyrus found hostile (= which was hostile to Cyrus) 
being in alliance with you (= being your support). For the construc- 
tion of I'xovxa, ow^ovxa, and ovaav, cf. S. § 222. 2 ; ofxavxyv, cf. N. on 
xavxaq, I. 10. § 18. 

12. Tovxwv dk xoiovxwv hvxwv, these things being so. oqxiq ov 

fiovXsxai,, as not to wish. o;n? after ovx<a is put for iaaxi. Cf. Mt. 

§ 479. Obs. 1. 'AXXd prjv, furthermore. — — igu elvcu. I have 

given this clause the marks of parenthesis on the authority of Weiske, 
Schneider, and Poppo. But Kriiger makes it an anacoluthon, the 
construction, as commenced, requiring something like y.al yfttlq noXXa 
vpdq ojrpfhlv 6wr}a6fie&a. Cf. Mt. § 631. 2. See also N. on III. 2. § 11. 

13. yag in pfev yag serves to explain ravra in the preceding 

proposition. Cf. Mt. § 615 (end) ; also N. on § 11, supra. olda 

— Mvaohq — ovxaq, I know that the Mysians are. Cf. S. §222. 2. 
This construction is of such frequent occurrence as to require no fur- 
ther notice. Construct av with nagaox&v. xaneivohq vfiir, 

subject to you. dy.oixo — elvai. Mt. says (§ 549. 6. Obs. 2.) dxovsiv, 

to hear intelligence oj something, to receive information from hearsay, 
commonly takes the infinitive instead of the participle. Cf. Rost § 129. 

4. c. xovavxa, i. e. of the same disposition with the Mysians and 

Pisidians. — — a oifiat av navaai IvoxXovvxa aft, which I think I can 
cause to cease from continually disturbing. For the construction of 
navaai IvoxXovvxa, cf. Butt. § 141. N. 3; S. § 222. 3; ofevdaiftovla, cf. S. 

§ 196. 2. AlyvnxLovq follows xoXdoto&e in the next clause. ovx 

bgw nola Svvafist ov(.iju,dxq) XQV a( ^f UV0l/ ftdXXov av y.oXdato&e xr\q vvv ovv 
i/uol ovarfi, I see not what allied force you can better employ to chastise 
than the one now with me. nola. The interrogative pronominal ad- 
jectives are used in indirect as well as in direct questions. Cf. J§. 
§ 147. av is to be taken with xQV a ^ vo h which it weakens. t% — 
ovayq = % xjj ovajj. Cf. Mt. § 454. Obs. 2 ; Butt. § 132. N. 5 ; S. § 186. 

14. 'AXXd fiijv — ye, but still further, yet more. ne'giS (= ntgl 

taken absolutely), round about xw = xivt. See N. on I. 9. § 7. 



Chap. V.] NOTES. 279 

fttytaroq. Repeat ytloq from the preceding clause, and supply 

*X 0)V ^<*S v7tt}Qftaq from the clause below. wg Seoyroxrjq dvaoxgt- 

foio, as a master you may conduct yourself (towards him), dvaaxgs- 
(papai in the middle signifies to turn one's self around ', hence to 
move about (among persons) = to live, to pass one's time, to conduct 

one's self. ijv oojQ-t-vxeq vnb aov aol dv fyoifisv di-/.a(o)q, which we 

should justly owe you as our deliverer. a<»Q-evx?q vnb aov, having been 
saved by you. 

15. oi'to; — Q-avpaaxbv, so strange. to oh rjfitv dmaxfiv is 

the subject of doxel. Cf. S. § 159. N. 1. xovro^a is put for to 

ovofta. Cf. S. 24. ovto) deivbq Uyetv, so eloquent a speaker. Cf. 

S. §219. 1. ani}iulq>Q-r\, 1 aor. of dnapefpeo&ai, a Homeric 

word for dnoy.glvsaO-ai. 

16. } A)X rjdo/uai [i$v — dxotW, well, I am pleased to hear. See 
N. on dV.d, II. 1. § 20. For the construction of dxovojr, cf. S. § 222. 
3. ( Jlq (f, but in order that. 

17. ir f„ by means of which, iv with its case is here used instead 

of the simple dative of means. Cf. Mt. § 396. Obs. 2. dvxmda%uv 

Sh ovdtlq xlvSwoq, and there would be no danger of suffering in hern. 
For the construction of dvxtnda/e w, cf. S. § 221. N. 4. 

18. \4X).o\ is here used in proposing an objection in an interroga- 
tive form, which the speaker himself answers. For the construction 
of %i))QL(i)V — dnogiiv, cf. S. § 181. 1 ; of inixr[§ilv)v — inixt&so&ou, S. 
§ 219. 1. oh xoaavxa fdv nedta — dianogavta&e, are you not pass- 
ing through so many plains. nogtvxea is constructed with vfilv, 

Cf. S. § 200.2. a rj/itlv i'^eaxo ngoy.axalafiovoiv dnoga vptiv nagt- 

xeiv, which by preoccupying we can make impassable to you. For ngo- 
xaxalaflovoiv in the dat. with ij/ulv, instead of the accus. with the omit- 
ted subject of nagfXiiV) cf. N. on II. 1. § 2. rafutveo&cii (from 

raptaq, a steward), to lay by for use, and hence, to use moderately, is 
applied to soldiers, who do not expend theii whole strength in the 
first attack, but so reserve it as to be able to fight repeatedly ; or, in- 
stead of attacking the enemy in a body, select no more than they can 
encounter with success. The latter is the sense here. By means of the 
rivers, the Persians could divide the Greek forces, and by letting a 
part pass over before the attack was made, encounter just the num- 
ber they pleased. Cf. Cyr. III. 3. § 47 ; Thucyd. VI. 18. § 3. 

Eial 6" clvxoiv, sc. xdv noxaftm>. Cf. N. on I. 5. § 7. navxdnaoi, 

at all. 

19. 'AUd — yixoi, yet you well know. ov rjfieiq Hvvatfitti?- dv 

xaxaxavoavxtq Xifibv v/lhv g\vtix<x£cu, by burning which we could array 
famine against you. ndw dya&ol) ever so brave. 



i 



280 NOTES. [Book II. 

20. &v ovv — rovrov dv. For the repetition of dv, cf. N. on I. 3, 

§ 6. noqovq, ways, means. rovrov civ rbv rgonov, that very 

mode. 7Tg6q &swv. Cf. N. on I. 6. § 6. 

21. anoomv iorl, it is the part of those without resources. For the 

construction, cf. S. § 175. y.al rovrojv novrjowv, and those too (who 

are) wicked. Cf. N. on y.al ravra, I. 4. § 12. In this sentence there 
are two modes of construction combined, ebroowv iorl — to i&thiv, 
which is the natural order, being changed to dnogotv iorl — oinreq 

i&sXovot,. Cf. Mt. § 632. 6. dmorlaq, perfidy. d).6yioroi, 

void of reason, inconsiderate. 

22. 'Akka xl 8r\ v/udq i£bv aTtoliaai, but why, when it was in our pow- 
er to destroy you. For it-bv, cf. S. § 168. N. 2. inl rovro ijX&of.t(v, 

" hoc conati sumus.^ Kriig. rovrov (i. e. rov firj inl rovro il&tiv) 

depends upon aXrtoq, with which rov . ... ytvi'o&at is in apposition. 
Dind. and Born., after the Eton MS., read to — yevto&ai. Although 
this is admissible (Cf. Mt. § 543. Obs. 3), yet the common reading is 

to be preferred. See Mt. § 542. Obs. 1. b. /?; S. § 221. N. 1. <5 

has rovrw in the next clause for its antecedent. S. § 150. 4. ■ £«- 

viY.Z, is placed after the relative by attraction. S. § 151. R. 6. 

[iioO-odoolctq is opposed to evsgyeotaq. 

23. "Ooa, in how many ways. Cf. S. § 167. to 6h ptyiorov. 

This refers to the idea hinted at in the next clause, which, if carried 
into execution, would place the Greeks on the same footing with Tis- 

saphernes, as that on which they had stood with Cyrus. ndgav 

— oQ&rjv, an upright tiara, those of the king's subjects, being soft 
and flexible, and therefore falling on one side. Concerning this roy- 
al prerogative, cf. Cyr. VIII. 3. § 13 ; Joseph. Antiq. Jud. XX. 3 ; 

Dion. Chrysost. XIV. rr\v <f irl rfj y.agSla — lx 01 - Repeat bg&'t\v 

and render may have (= wear) an upright one upon (i. e. in) his 
heart. Tissaphernes intimated to Clearchus, that he intended to re- 
volt from the king, and should therefore need the assistance of the 
Greeks. 

24. aiTTsv — I'cpfj. Kriiger remarks that when tine is not accom- 
panied by rdSe or wds, tcpt] is added pleonastically. oinvtq repre- 
sents iy.elvov (S. § 150. 5), the omitted subject of doi. elq yiXtav= 

to promote friendship. SiapdlJ.ovrsq, by slandering. Clearchus sus- 
pected Menon to have been the author of the misunderstanding, yet 
he uses the plural, as a softer way of giving utterance to his suspi- 
cions. 

25. iv rw ipcpavei = (paviqwq. " palam, i. e. sine insidiis." Sturz. 
27. 3 Ek rovrcjv drj rwv Xoywv, when the conference was ended, liter- 
ally, after these words. The reason that Tissaphernes did no violence 



Chap. V.] NOTES. 281 

to Clearchus at this time, was his hope to decoy more of the generals 
and cohort leaders into the snare he so artfully had laid, than were 

then present. 7idvv cpiXiy.oiq olopivoq dicty.no at, xw Tiooaye'ovzi, 

that he thought his relations to Tissaphernes were very friendly \=that 
Tissaphernes was very well disposed towards him. Siaxelo Q-ai is 

here used subjectively. Meyer. Cf. N. on yoav, I. 1. § 6. 

-torv'EXltivow depends on o$. S. § 177. 1, ayxovq is put for xov- 

xovq (Mt. § 469. 8), and and is the antecedeut of o$. 

28. elrac xov diapdllovxa Mevojva, that Menon was the calumnia- 
tor. Ctesias apud Phot. Biblioth. p. 130. says : KXeao/oq — xal 
JMsvorv del Sidcpoooi dXXrjXoiq exiy/avov ' Sioxi to" [asv KXedo/fsj dnavra 

6 Kvooq ovrefiovXeve xov tie Mevon'oq Xoyoq ovdelq r[i: oxaotd- 

t,ovxa, aixo>, was creating a party against him (i. e. Clearchus). 

qCXoq fi TtoocMps'ovfi, i. e. commend himself to the friendly considera- 
tion of the Persian, which he could the more easily do, if he had the 
whole army under his command. 

29. itqoq iavxhv e%et,v r h v yvcjfirjr. should be inclined to him, should 
follovi him as leader, literally, should have their mind to him. Cf. 
Thucyd. III. 25. § 2. On the use of the article in x)\v yvo^n^r, cf. N. 

on 7TQoqe'xovxixhv vovv, I. 5. § 9. dvreXeyov — /.irj itvai. Cf. S. 

§ 225^ 3. 

30. The infatuation of Clearchus can only be accounted for, in his 
excessive desire to expose the base intrigues of Menon, which rendered 

him blind to all prudential considerations. loxe, until. wq elq 

dyoodv, as though going to market. They were consequently unarmed. 

32. arch xov avxov orj/uatov, at the same signal. Diodorus says, 

that a purple flag was run up from the tent of Tissaphernes. 

ojxtvi — ndrxaq. See S. § 150. N. 5. 

33. Innaotav, riding about. A verbal noun from in7id'C > o(.iai. S. 

<S 129. 3. o xv inoiow r^upiyvoow, they were in doubt as to what 

the Persians were doing. noli; until. 

34. 'Ex xovxov drj, immediately. vof.iCQovxeq ctvxtxa rjt-eiv avtovq 

inl to oxoaxonedov, thinking that they (i. e. the Persians) would 
forthwith come to (i. e. attack) the camp. So any one would have 
supposed. For if the Greeks, in the first moments of their surprise 
and consternation, had been attacked by the Persian cavalry, they 
most likely would have all shared the fate of their unfortunate generals. 
But their foes contented themselves with cutting off a few stragglers, 
and then reacted the vain farce (cf. II. 1. §§ 7-23) of demanding the 
arms of those, whom they had not the courage to attack, even when 
deprived of their principal leaders. But as Rennell truly observes, 
" villany seldom sees its way clear enough to accomplish its utmost 
designs." 

24* 



282 NOTES. [Book II. 

36. a nq. Cf. N. on I. 4. § 9. f %. Cf. S. § 216. 4. For 

the construction of oxgaxrjybq and Xo/aybq, see S. § 151. 3. I'm 

anayyeO.uau Cf. N. on I. 9. § 27. 

37. 'Oy/ojUc'vioc;, an Orchomenian. Orchomenus was a name com- 
^ mon to several cities in Greece. The one to which Cleanor belong- 
ed was in Arcadia. Xnqtaoyoq $ x. x. X. The absence of Chiris- 

ophus is given as a reason why he was not of the number, who went 
out to meet the Persian deputies. 

38. dq $7ir\y.oov. within hearing distance. y.al ri&*vp& is epex- 

egetical of rrjv Sferp and may be rendered, namely death. 

anaixil. This verb signifies to demand from any one what is one's 
own, or is justly due to him. Cf. V. 8. § 4. For its construction 
with y/KJSTq and orcXa, cf. S.§ 165. 1. 

39. ol aXXoi, SC. i'fitlq. rjfxTv xovq avxovq (ftXovq xal tx&Qovq ro- 

(iixlv, to consider the same persons friends and enemies which we did. 
For the construction of r^ilv, cf. Butt. § 133. N. 1 ; S. § 195. N. 3. vo- 

fiitlv. Cf. N. on y.a&ifZr, II. 1. § 4. ojq in this place has furnished 

much trouble to critics and commentators. Some conjecture that it 
should be omitted, others, that it stands for oftwq, and others, that it 
should be written &q. But the MS. testimony is too unanimous to 
admit of its erasure ; and ofmq, which Dind. calls " frigidam Stepha- 
ni conjecturam," is equally as troublesome to dispose of; while a>q is 
never found except in the formulas, y.al w?, ovd* wq, etc. (Cf. Mt. § 628 
end). But the difficulty disappears, if we suppose that the speaker, 
in the vehemence of his feelings having overlooked his previous use 
of oZriPtq = '6xi (Cf. Mt. § 480. c ; Butt. § 143. 1), repeated w? == Ixt, 
(Cf. Mt. § 628 ; 5. Butt. § 149 ; Passow, No. 4). That the construc- 
tion is somewhat disturbed appears from nqodorxtq — nqoSedojxo- 
xtq. ovx aloxvvto&s — oixivzq 6/uooavxiq — wg a7toXh)Xi'y.axf, may 
then be rendered, are you not ashamed — that when you had sworn 

— that you (I say) have destroyed. y.al xovq aXXovq — iq? ypaq. 

Kriig. conjectures that the order is, y.al inl xovq aXXovq ^y«? (Cf. Mt. 
§ 595. 3) avv xolq Ttoh/utotq tQxso&t, thus omitting the participle ttqo- 
deSojy.oxeq. But if it be borne in mind, that the natural expression of 
high-mental excitement, is a multiplied and disordered use of epithets, 
we shall cease to wonder at the confused structure of the sentence, 
or the needless repetition of any of its words. 

40. KUao/oq yao. The ellipsis implied by yaq (Cf. N. on I. 1. 
§ 6) may thus be supplied : (we have done no wrong) for Clearchus. 

41. Kkf'agxoq fi^v xoCvw x. x. X. Xenophon in his reply does not 
intimate that Clearchus was guilty, but on the assumption that he 
was so, acknowledges the justice of his punishment. He employed 
the argumentum ad hominem, i. e. he granted that Clearchus, if guilty, 



Chap. VI.] NOTES. 283 

had suffered justly, but argued that Proxenus and Menon being, as 
Ariaeus and his party said, in high honor, should be restored to their 
troops. This was a brief but unanswerable argument, and clearly 
exposed the duplicity of the Persians. 



CHAPTER VI. 

1. wq paadia. Cf. N. on I. 2. § 4. anoxpr\B-£viq xdq xtyaXaq, 

having- been beheaded. Cf. S. § 167. Prof. Woolsey remarks (N. 
on iEschyl. Prometh. 362), that " all such cases may be resolved 
into t'xo) with the participle of the verb used, and the accusative." 

elq (jlIv. For elq in apposition with oxqaxrjyot, cf. N. on II. 4. 

§ 1. fi^v corresponds with fe in IlqoUvoq <5>, § 16. bpol.oyovpevwq 

$x ndvxwv rojv ^TieCqiaq avxov f/dvrwv, " by the admission of all who 

knew him.'''' Felton. ifiTteigwq — ixovxwv. Cf. N. on I. 1. § 5. ■ 

ioxdrwq, to the last degree. 

2. Kal ycto dty for now. ydq illustrantis. Cf. N. on I. 6. § 6. 

iojq, as long as, refers here to an event which is certain and therefore 

takes the indicative. Cf. Butt. § 146. 3; Mt. § 522. 1. ■ noke/ioq, 

i. e. the Peloponnesian war. Ttaqtiistvev, remained, sc. in the ser- 
vice of the state. Opposed to this is dvxirj 7nt&nxav, § 3. infra. — - 
xovq"ED.ijvaq, i. e. the Greeks who inhabited the Thracian Chersone- 

SUS. Cf. I. 3. § 4. dia7iq<x^(X(,ifVoq toq idvvaxo naqd xajp 'ifyoocoj', 

having obtained from the Ephori (as large supplies) as he was able. 
<l)q Idiwaro, sc. diaTtqd^aod-at. The "Ecpogoi, from time to time, had 
assumed much greater powers, than were originally given them by 
Lycurgus. They had all the outward symbols of supreme authority, 
were the arbiters of peace and war, had the control of the public mo- 
ney, and could even fine or imprison their kings. w? nohpriowv. 

Cf. N. on I. 1. § 3. xolq — Bqa^lv, sc. oixovaiv. 

3. fitrayvovTsq Tnnq, having somehow changed their mind. 

r\dr] igo) ovxoq avxov, when he had now departed. ■ "Ia&^ov, i. e. 

the isthmus of Corinth. $x sro TtXionvj. he sailed away. Cf. S. 

§ 223. N. 2. 

4. i&avctxoj&i], he was condemned to death. xf).on; magis- 
trates = Ephori. hnotoiq .... ytyqanxai. A difficult clause, 

since, by referring to I. 1. § 9, we find only Kvqoq ^ydoO-rj avxov. 
Krug. thinks that Xenophon, memories vitio, thought he narrated 
more in I. 1. § 9, than he really did. It is evident that nothing can be 
«aid of the passage, which is not mere conjecture. 

5. 6t7th xoixov, sc. xov /qovov. {'cpsqe xal \yiv^ agebat et fer- 



284 NOTES. [Book II. 

ebat, he ravaged, plundered. noU[A,wv dityevexo, he continued to 

wage war. S. § 222. 4. — — [if'xgiq ov = [it'xgt xovxov xov xgovov oxt, 
until the time when, until that. Cf. Mt § 480. b. 

6. i£bv. Cf. N. on II. 5. § 22. ga&vfiCw, (from qddioq, easy, 

and &v/Lt6q, temper,) to be easy-tempered, free from care. In this 
place as opposed to novCiv, it signifies to be at ease, to be without la- 
bor. povhtcu, prefers, a sense which Butt (Lexil. No. 35) says 

this verb seldom has in prose, but which is here discoverable by its 

antithesis with i£bv gaO-v/islv. wore noXtpziv, in order that he 

might carry on war. Cf. S. § 220. 1. [is (ova ravra noiiiv, to di- 
minish it, i. e. his wealth. Ttaidtxd. See N. on § 28, infra. ■ 

ovtoj (S. § 15. 3), thus = to such a degree. 

7. re corresponds with xal in y.al iv fdiq Siivofc Cf. S. § 228. N. 

4. iv rdli; detvolq, in the dangers (of war) = in battles. ol 

Ttaqovxeq. i. e. those who had personal knowledge of his courage and 
conduct in the hour of danger. 

8. aQxixbq, qualified to govern. w? Svvaxhv, as far as was pos- 
sible. ix xov xoiovxov xqonov olov xal ixslvoq t?x sv i from such a 

disposition as he also had. xgonov answers here to what we call 

turn of mind. onwq t£iv. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 11. ifiTtoiijoai, to 

impress upon. nuoxtov eYij KXsdgxy === d& 7re(&eo&at> KXtdgxw. 

Cf. S. § 162. N. 1. 

9. ix xov x^tnoi *fra*j by being austere, ix here denotes the 
means. Cf. Mt. § 574. For the construction of xaUnbq, cf. S. § 161. 

N. ; of £7vai, S. §221. bguv oxvyvbq, harsh to look upon. S. 

§ 219. N. 3. aixw [lexapthiv. Cf. N. on I. 6. § 7 (end). Srt? 

oxe for I'axiv oxt, sometimes, literally, there is when. xal, also. 

yvw/ijj, purposely, designedly, is opposed to bgyfj. Both these datives 
are used adverbially. 

10. [it'XXoi, sc. ixslvoq referring to xbv axgaxni>xr\v. For the 

construction of yvXaxdq cpvXdl-tiv, cf. Butt. § 131. 3 ; S. § 164. 

q>(Xu)v ay&ao&ai, to abstain from bringing injury upon friends. 

dngo(pao(oxo)q, promptly. The most important qualifications of a 

soldier are here enumerated, viz., fidelity in keeping guard, abstinence 
from injuring friends or allies, and readiness to attack the enemy. 

11. jj&iXov avxov dxovtiv (= nei&agxslv) oyodga, they willingly 
paid him prompt obedience. For the construction of rj&e Xov, cf. Butt. 

§ 150. p. 440. dXXov, sc. oxgaxnybv. cpaidgbv, pleasantness. iv^ 

xolq 7zgoqa>7zoiq, upon his countenance. A rare use of this plural de 
vultu unius. iggo)[uvov, perf. pass. part, of gaivvvpi. S. § 118. P. 

12. i'gai xov detvoii, out of danger. Cf. S. § 188. 2. ngbq aX~ 

Xovq, sc. axgaxtiyovq. — — dgxofievovq, to be commanded (S. § 222. N. 



Chap. VI.] NOTES. 285 

3), referring to argarivjraq the omitted subject of dmivai. to ydg 

int/ao!* ovx £k/sv,forhe had no suavity of manners. intxagi, is op- 
posed to xa).(7toq and o)ft6q in the next member. difxzivro ngbq 

airbv, were disposed, had the same feelings towards him. 

13. v7io tov deZo&ctt is to be constructed with y.arctxofievoi. The 
meaning of the passage is, that no soldiers followed him, except such 
as were commanded to do so by their state, or compelled by their own 
wants and necessities, and these were to the highest degree obedient. 

14. to tb yag ngbq rovq 7to).t(xtovq -O-aggalaojq t'/tiv nagr[V, literally, 
for both to feel bold against the enemy was with them = they were not 
afraid of the enemy. The clause ro . .. . t/uv is the subject of na- 
gfjr, Cf. S. § 159. 2. For the construction of &aggaUo)q t/tiv, cf. N. on 

I. 1. § 5. (popelo&ou, literally, to frighten one^s self i. e. to fear, in 

which new sense it may be regarded as transitive. Cf. Butt. § 135. 
4. Sophocles (§207. N. 1), regards the accusative after (fofieoficu 
as properly speaking synecdochical. 

15. ov fidla Z&thiv = to have been greatly averse. Cf. N. on ov- 

dhv TJx&tto, I. 1. § 8. 

16. av&vq fiiv fxzcgdxiov m>, as soon as he v:as a youth, = while yet 

in extreme youth. For the construction, cf. S. § 222. N. 4. rog- 

yla, Gorgias of Leontini in Sicily. doyvoiov, i. e. tuition money. 

Diod. says that Gorgias received from each pupil 100 mince, which, 
according to the value given the Attic drachm by Hussey (Cf. N. on 
I. 4. § 13), would be $1805.50. It was probably during his residence 
in Thessaly, that Gorgias taught Proxenus. 

17. ly.avhq. Cf. S. § 161. 1. aqxtiv and fjTTcio&cu depend upon 

ly.avbq. fii\ r\rx uoO-av svfoysrojr, not to be surpassed in doing good, 

i. e. to be able to repay all obligations under which he might lie to his 
friends, evagysrwv, a participle from tvigysrw. 

18. acpoSga i'vdijkov av y.al rovro f^fv, on the other hand, he very 

plainly showed this. rovttov refers to IniQvfiwv. See N. on dfid- 

§aq — xavxaq, I. 10. § 18. fisrd dSr/Jaq = aS'y.oiq. In like man- 
ner avv tw Siy.txto) y.al y.alw = dixafwq y.al y.alwq. rovrojv rvyxavstr. 

See S. § 178. 2. dvsv S? rovxon; i. e. contrary to the principles 

of juslice and honor. ^ is highly emphatic from its position at 

the close of the sentence. 

19. aldoj, respect. tavrov limits alSoi and ifopov, and is used 

objectively. S. § 173. N. 2. fjoxvvtTo f4.dV.ov rovq orgarto'naq, 

he stood in greater awe of his soldiers. 

20. "Sliero .... doy.tiZv, literally, he thought it sufficient for the being 
or seeming to be qualified to command, i. e. for the real exercise or 
outward show of command. inaivdv is the subject of dgxilv. 



286 NOTES. [Book II. 

v.dya&ol twv avvovttov. Cf. S. § 177. 1. tvusxaxttotaxw, 

easily circumvented, literally, easily handled, easy to be managed. 
Cf. Thucyd. VI. 85. § 3. iwv. S. § 175. 

21. Xa/updvov — xtgdctiroi. The verb Xappdveiv signifies to take, 
as by force, to. receive, as wages ; xtoSaCvoi, to receive, as presents. 
pr\ diSolt] SCxtjv. he might escape punishment. 

22. *Enl .... wexo, he thought that the shortest way to accomplish 
what he designed. For the construction of wr, cf. S. §§ 150. 5 : 182. 

dXtj&hq = a desire to speak the truth. to avxb tw ?\Xt&tw t 

the same thing with folly. S. § 195. N. 3. 

23. oro) — toi'tw. Cf. S. § 150. 4. tw .... ndvxojv depends 

upon xaxay* Xviv (Cf. S. § 182), which here signifies laughing at, i. e. 
turning into ridicule. 

24. r« -Xaftpdveiv, he thought himself the only one, who knew 

that it was most easy to take the unguarded possessions of friends, 
quatov superlative of guSioq. S. § 59. For the construction of ddevcu 
— Svj cf. N. on I. 10. § 16. 

25. oaovq = xovxovq ooovq, of which, xovxovq depends upon $q>o- 

/5fIfo. ojq ev oi7t\iaf.uvovq, as if they were well armed, is opposed to 

avdvdQoiq, unmanly, defenceless. xQV a & a h to use = to practise on. 

26. dydXXtxai, prides himself on, exults in, followed by the dative 
either with or without the preposition. — — tw ^anaxuv dvvaa&at, 
in his ability to deceive. Cf. S. § 198. ■ dnatdivxajr, sc. %va. S. 

§ 175. N. 3. Kal 7TO.Q olq plv £;Tf£5/(>£t 7TQ(x)XfV£l,V rpiXtu, SiafidXXoiV 

tovq nqioTovq, xovxovq wexo delv axi^oaa O-ai, and when he desired to be- 
come the first friend of any persons, he thought that (in order to ef- 
fect this) it was necessary to gain their friendship by calumniating 
their friends (i. e. his rivals), nag olq, in whose estimation, cpdta, 
in respect to friendship, nnohovq, former with reference to Menon. 
xovxovq refers to the persons, whose friendship Menon wished to cul- 
tivate, and is the antecedent of olq in the first member. 

27. To ... . Tzaof'x^o&at depends on fprj/avaxo. S. § 162. 3. 

Ix xov ovvadiY.tlv avxolq, " by becoming an accomplice in their crimes." 

Spel. T\$lov, he wished. oxt nXeloxa dvvaixo xal i&e'Xoi dv 

ddty.dv, that he was very able and willing to be a villain. 

28. Kal xa f(h' di] dyavrj I'gtaxt ntql avxov yj£vdto&ai,noW one may 
lie concerning him with respect to things unseen, i. e. there is room 
for falsehood, in detailing those points in Menon's character more re- 
moved from public observation. For the construction of xd dyarfj, 

cf. S. § 167. 3 Aqi<x(o) tit paofidqw ovxi x. x. X. Reference is here 

had to the foul and unnatural crime of pederasty. dyivuoq <ov 

yevBiuirxa. This shows the extreme youth of the parties, the one 



Chap. VI.] NOTES. 2S7 

being yet without a beard, and the other iust having one. The po- 
sition of these words is strongly emphatic. 

29. ore, because. Cf. N. on I. 2. § 21. alxto&elq. Some think 

that Menon was mutilated by the command of the king (Cf. I. 9. § 13), 
and after a year of ignominy and suffering came to his end. Others 
suppose, that reference is had in alxia&tlq to the disgrace in which 
he lived in consequence of his vile deeds. 

30. xal toi'tw, these also. Cf. N. on I. 10. § 18. — - iq (pillar, i. e. 
with respect to their treatment of friends. 



288 NOTES [Book in. 



BOOK III. 

CHAPTER I. 

1. iv talq oTtovSalq, during the time of the league, 1. e. while the 
league was unbroken. These words are to be taken with iyenxo. 

2. dnogta, embarrassment, perplexity. $nl xouq {taodtojq &v- 

gaiq. Cf. N. on II. 4. § 4. y.v/lo) <f avrolq ndvxr\, about them on 

all sides. - ovdelq I'xi, no one any longer. For the construction of 

*EXXddoq, cf. N. on I. 10. § 4. nliov. I have followed the common 

reading, instead of ov /x&ov, adopted by Dind., Born., Pop., and sev- 
eral others. Kriig. well remarks, " ov n&ov non satis aptum videtur 
cum Grreciae (i. e. Ionise) distantia longe major quam hie dicitur fu- 

erit." Cf. II. 2. § 6. SnTgyov, " reditu arcebant." Sturz. 

ot fidofiagot, i. e. Ariseus and his party. povot d£ y.axale- 

faipjuevoi, r\oav, that they had been utterly deserted by their allies. 

iv8r\lov, very evident, iv is intensive like the Eng. well, in words with 
which it is compounded. XeicpG-td], i. e. left alive. 

3. d&vpojq I'/ovTiq, Cf. N. on I. 1. § 5. dq xr\v lanigav, in the 

evening of that day. For the construction of otxov, cf. S. § 179. 1« 

■ int dt xd o7zXa,=to their quarters. The despondency, into which 

the army sank after the treacherous seizure of the generals, is here 
given with great pathos and force. 

4. of avxoq i'yrj xgeitto) kdvxGi t'o/ttttnv xijq naxgtdoq, whom he (Prox- 
enus) said he considered of more use to himself than his country, i. e. 
Proxenus expected greater advantages from Cyrus than from his 
country. 

5. v7to7trtvaaq utf xv ngoq xrjq nohojq oi vnatxiov tit] Kvgw tpiXov 
ytvto&ai, fearing lest perhaps he should be blamed by his city (i.e. 
Athens), on account of his being a friend to Cyrus, xi, in something 
or other. Butt. § 150. p. 435. For the construction of oi vnatxiov ehj, 

cf. S. § 200. 2. Dind. reads inatxiov. Kvgoq .... ov/.i7zoXtf.if l aai. 

The Peioponnesian war is here referred to. xw #£ &>, i. e. Apollo. 

6. xtvu dv &?6)r, to which of the gods. A different inquiry from the 

one which Socrates directed him to make. y.dlliaxa y.al dgioxa. 

See N. on II. 1. $ 9. ll&oi x^vbSov, he might perform the jour- 



Chap. I.] NOTES. 289 

ney. Cf. S. § 164. fctiiq olq, by attraction of the antecedent to 

the relative, for fcovq olq. Cf. N. on SXkov ovxivoq, I. 4. § 5. 

7. [tavxttav, response of the oracle. xqtvaq, having determined' 

irtov = nooavxiov. For the construction, cf. N. on I. 3. § 11 

rovto refers to the clause beginning with onwq av. %qov. 2 aor. 

mid. of iQopcu. 

8. xaxaXapfiav s o, finds, meets with. fie'XXovxaq %drj oQfiav x\\v 

civo) bdov, being readvto march into the interior. For the construc- 
tion of fiiXXovtaq — bQfiav, cf. S. §219. N. 1. Hutch, supplies dq or 

inl before bdov, but it is better to refer it to S. § 163. 2. owsaxd- 

<&y, was introduced. 

9. 1-ztidaP rd/iata ^ axqaxda X^tj, as soon as the expedition WOS 
end^d. eiq IIft,alSaq. Cf. I. 1. § 11. 

10. ovrwq i^anax^&dq, having been thus deceived in respect to 

the object of the expedition. oacptq = svdr^Xov. ol noXXol, 

the greater part. Cf. Mt. § 266. Sv aioxvvrjv xal dXX^Xojv xal Kvqov. 

through fear ^f being objects of shame to one another and to Cyrus. 
cdoxvv*\v is here used subjectively, in the sense of feeling of shame, 
dread of disgrace. When taken objectively, it signifies the cause of 
shame to. Had any of the generals deserted the expedition, they 
would have been stigmatized as cowards and traitors by their fellow 
commanders (Cf. I. 4. § 7), and as men incapable of gratitude by 
Cyrus (Cf. II. 3. § 22). " 

11. 'End 6\ The narrative is here resumed from § 3,— — fiixobv de 
vnvov Xaxwv (== ii>x<ov), having obtained a little sleep, vnvov. Cf. 

S. § 178. 2. ov.y\7iTbq — ndaav. The construction unchanged 

would have been oxijnxbq — ndoa. ix in ix xovxov denotes the 

cause. So Kruger. ndoav, sc. olxtav. 

12. neotcpofioq, exceedingly terrified, n?ot in composition is often 

intensive. dvtjyio&tj = av^yqsxo. Cf. Butt. § 136. 2; S. § 206. 

N. 2. nij fiiv — nij <^> in one respect — in another. • ix 

Jt-bq, coming from Zeus. fiaoiXwq, " regum tutoris et regire gentis 

apud Persas auctoris." Poppo ^tj ov Svvaixo, lest he should not 

be able. Cf. N. on I. 7. § 7. 

13. 'OnoZov xi fii'vxoo iaxl to xoiovxov bvcto ISeiv, what kind of 
thing, however, such a dream signifies, i. e. whether such a dream 
forbodes good or evil. The dream itself left Xenophon in doubt as 
to what it meant, but the events which followed furnished an inter- 
pretation. r Onol6v xi is the predicate (S. § 160. N. 1), and to xoiov- 
xov brag ISelv, the subject of iozl. — — h'vvoia, avxoj tfintnxn, the 

thought occurs to him nqofiatvai, advances— is passing away. 

sixoq, sc. iaxl, it is probable. xl Ifinodwv fiij oi>xl x. t. X. : what will 

25 



290 NOTES. [Book III 

hinder our dying ignominiously, after having witnessed all the most 
cruel sights, and suffered the most dreadful torments, ipnofai, 
before the feet, in the way. rf v x l. S. § 225. 2. l^oi^uvovq, being 
insulted = amidst insults. 

14. too7t!Q igbv, sc. yfiir, as thwgh it were in our power. Cf. N. 

on II. 5. §22. Eym ovv rbv ix 7i*t a<; TtoXtwq orqarrjybv nqoqdoxia 

ravta nqahiv, from what city, then, am I expecting a general to do 
these things. " Xenophon metuisse se sigmRcat ne arrogans videre- 
tur, si cum Spartanus dux Chirisophus adesset, ipse Atheniensis ex- 
ercitui prospicere studeret." Kriiger. Cf. VI. 1. § 26. nofaq. S. § 147. 
lavta, refers to the means of defence, alluded to in the beginning of 

the section, nqdhiv. Cf. S. § 219. 2. \\Xiy.tav. Cf. N. on £ 1. § 13. 

ov yaq i'yo)/ I'ti 7tQ£ofivTzQoq too[xcu— I shall forthwith be -put to death. 
rrifuoov, to-day. The civil day began with the Greeks at the set- 
ting of the sun. 

15. v/isiq. Supply xa&svStiv Svvao&e from the preceding clause. 
iv ol'ocq, sc. nqdypaoiv. Cf. II. 1. § 16 ; VII. 6. § 24. 

16. xaAws <ra iavrwv actqtoxsvcio&ai, that they had well arranged 
their affairs. 

17. oq refers to fiaoifoT. xal rc^vyjxoroq -jjS-rj, even when he was 

already dead. rj/mq dk x. x. X. Xenophon employs the argumen- 

tum a fortiori. He argues that if the king's revengeful spirit led him 
to dishonor the lifeless body of his own brother, much more vindictive 
would he be towards the Greeks, who had conspired with Cyrus to 

dethrone and kill him. x^Stfiwv, protector, intercessor. Allusion is 

here made to the powerful influence, which Parysatis exerted in behalf 
of Cyrus. — — otq — Tcofyoovreq, in order to make. Cf. N. on I. 1. § 3. 

— — SovXov. S. § 166. at' to? the first accusative is omitted. na&tlv 

has j][iaq for its subject. So Poppo. But Krtig. regards the construc- 
tion as a kind of anacoluthon, the writer commencing with Tjfidq, as 
though he would have subjoined rt av 7toifjaai olopt&a. Schneid. 
thinks i](iaq should have been rjpilq. But there seems to be no diffi- 
culty in the usual method of explaining the construction. S. § 158. 
N. 1. 

18. *Aq ovx civ inl 7idv iX&ot, would he not resort to every measure, 

literally, come to every thing w? -fjficiq t« I'oxara alxiodfisvoq, in 

order that by having inflicted upon us the severest torture. q>6pov 

— rov otqatiZaat nott, fear of ever making war. Cf. S. § 221. 

'AXX 3 oftioq t<h, but yet in order that. in $xttva>, in his power. "^ 

19. ovnort inavofiriv — olxxetqwv, I never ceased pitying. av- 

xZv has usually been construed with xuqav as though written avx&v 
%v>qav ooijv [ilv xal x. t. X. ButMt. (§ 317) says, " the genitive is used 
particularly with demonstrative pronouns, which are explained, in 



Chap. I.] NOTES. 291 

order to show in whom a certain quality is found." Before avxuv 
then, we may supply xavxa or rafo, referring to xo'igav, IntxriSua, 
■O-sganovxac, etc., in the following clauses. Cf. Butt. § 132. N. 7 ; S' 
§178. 

20. to 3* av xwv OTQctTLortoJv is opposed to {xdSs) avxtov in § 19. 

aya&wv here = inixr]Sd(av. So in the following section. 

For the construction of ovdsvbq — [xtxdri, cf. S. § 178. N. 2. cxov 

— I'/ovxaq. The order is, fjdsip oXCyo vq txi f/oj'ra? (cf. N. on I. 10. 
§ 16) otov (uvrjaofis'd-a. orov denotes the price (S. § 190. 1), and re- 
fers to xl the suppressed object of l/orxaq. ojvrjooue&a is put in the 
first person, because oXCyovq, to which its subject refers, is included 
in the preceding ypn*. For its construction in the future, cf. S. 

§ 209. N. 10. allwq de Ttojq, in any other way. rj wvovpevovq, than 

by purchase. ogy.ovq rjiidq is to be construed with 0eiv. 

xavx ovv Xoytt,6/uevoq is a repetition of xa iit-Shti/iotfifpf, which is 

separated by intermediate clauses from the proposition, ivtoxt e . . . 
tzoXb^ov, upon which it depends. 

21. iXvaav — Xtlvo&cu. There is a play here on these words, 
the former being taken in the sense of to break, to violate, the latter, 

to cease, to come to an end. 3 Ev /.u'oo), in the midst = open to any, 

who may wish to contend for the prize. ad-Xa. This allusion to 

the games of their country, was eminently adapted to arouse the 
disheartened Greeks. The lands, houses, treasures, &c, of the 
faithless Persians, are represented as the prizes for which the army 
is now to contend, while the gods, the avengers of violated oaths, sit 
as the ay ojvo &dxou, to regulate the contest and award the prizes. - — - 
a&Xa is limited by xovxwv, the omitted antecedent of onoxsgou — 
For the construction of rjptav, cf. S. § 177. 1. 

22. Ovxoc refers to the Persians. avxovq, i. e. the gods. Cf. N. 

on II. 4. § 7. igslvat. Cf. N. on I. 5. § 2. ■ Construe ttoXv with 

fittt.ovt. (pgovrj/Liaxt, confidence. 

23. ovv xdiq &toZq, with tJie assistance of the gods. avSotq, re- 
ferring to the Persians, is here used in its common signification men, 
homines. xouxol, vulnerable. S. § 132. 1. 

24. The order is, 'AXXa rzgbq xo>v &dov fir\ avctjtidvMf.iev aXXovq x. x. A., 
the clause, 'iowq yag y.al aXXoi xavxa iv&vpovpxai, containing the ground 
for the apprehension expressed in the main proposition. aXXovq, i. e. 

the officers of the other divisions. naganaXovvxaq. On this form 

of the fut, cf. S. § 102. N. 2. For the construction, see S. § 222. 5. 

ao£w/t£i> xov i£og{Ariocu. Cf. S. §§ 221 : 184. 1. cpdvyxe • — 

agirjxot, show yourselves the bravest. After yalvta&ou, the participle 
uiv (Cf. N. on I. 9. § 19) is sometimes omitted, and only the adjective 
connected with it is given. See Mt. § 549. Obs. 3. 



292 NOTES. [Book III 

25. ovfov Ttgocpaot^ojuat, xtjv r\Xi/.tav, I do not 'plead my age as an 

excuse. dx/nd^etv yyov/iiai Iqvxbiv, I think I am at the acme of 

age (i. e. the very best age) to repel, lyvxeir, a poetic word. It is 
found in the aor. in V. 8. § 25. 

26. IJkriv, but. poiwTid&v rjj <pwvfi, " Boeotorum dialecto et 

vocis sono utensP Kriig. % ftaoclea ntlaaq, than by persuading 

the king, i. e. obtaining his consent. tl Svvairo, sc. nilocu. 

Y.aX diia, and at the same time. 

27. ptragb, sc. Xe'yovta, while he was speaking. Cf. Mt. § 565. 
Obs. 2 ; S. § 222. N. 4. V2 &av[xaoi<x>rart av&Qwnt, O most admira- 
ble man. A sarcastic address = O wonderfully stupid person. 

*Ev ravrw — rovroiq (for iv ravrw — X^Qto) rovriov. Cf. S. § 195. N. 
3), in the same place with these, i. e. present with the other captains. 

' fii'ya cpoovijoaq, highly elated. inl rovrw, i. e. the death of 

Cyrus. 

28. The argument in this and the next section is, that when the 
Greeks showed a bold and independent spirit, the king succumbed to 
them ; but as soon as they confided in his promises, and became more 
unguarded, he treacherously seized their commanders, and summon- 
ed the whole army to an unconditional surrender. 7rag{oy.rjvrjoa^ev 

avto). Cf. II. 2. § 18. xv oxa i7Totrjae, what did he not do = what 

did he leave undone. 

29. dq Xoyovq avroiq — t]).&ov. Cf. N. on II. 5. § 4. xsvtov- 

fiBVoi, literally, pricked or goaded, as beasts of burden are excited to 
greater efforts by the application of the goad. Some think that a 
particular kind of Persian torture is here designated. Cf. Herod. III. 

16. oi rXrytovsq. miserable men ! is in apposition with iy.elvoi. 

v.aX pdX, although greatly. ■ rovtov, i. e. death. For the 

construction, cf. S. § 182. dfivvio&at, to defend ourselves. 

Ttzl&ziv, sc. (laoilta. lovraq, by going to him, i. e. the king. Mt. 

(§558) says, "the participle frequently expresses the means by 
which the principal action is effected." 

30. Tjfilv avroiq (i. e. rolq Xo/aydlq) is opposed to rolq oxivoyogoiq 
implied in axivrj dra&e'vraq === having made him a oxivocpogov. For 

the construction, cf. N. on rovroiq, § 27. supra. wq roiovroj = ojq 

oxmoqjoQo). Ovroq here denotes contempt, like the Latin iste. 

roiovroq, i. e. such a dastard. fl tarn ignavus est." Kriig. 

31. rovria .... ovSiv, nothing of Boeotia pertains to this fellow — 

he has no connection with Bceotia. inel, since, inasmuch as. 

a>q7TtQ AvSov aitxportga toc ona rt:rgvTir\p,tvov, having both his ears 
bored through like a Lydian. It was the custom among the Orient- 
al nations, to bore the ears of slaves, as a badge or mark of their ser- 
vile condition. Cf. Ex. 21:6; Ps. 40 : 6. Some think that Agasias 



Chap. I.] NOTES. 293 

means to charge him only, with belonging to the servile and imbecile 
race of the Lydians (cf. N. on I. 5. § 6), and not with having been in 
a state of personal servitude. Others suppose that his ears were per- 
forated to receive ornaments, such as the Lydian and Phrygian youth 
wore, and thus he was detected by Agasias. 

32. Kai tlx* v — ovrojq. It was found upon examination, that the 

charge of Agasias was true. ol'/otro, was gone == had been slain. 

• An established usage," says Butt. (Irrjag, Verbs, p. 185), "has ex- 
isted in the common language from Hcmier's time, by which oXxo^ao 
never means / am going, but always 1 am gone." This usage is 
continued in the imperfect, which time ofyoixo here takes from the 
context. Cf. S. § 209. 1. 

33. tlq InUiv. Cf. N. on II. 4. § 15. " Graecorum duces pro 

castris sedent et de summa belli deliberant." Zeune. 

34. to naqovxa, = the present posture of our affairs. — — tXxtdv- 

vatpE&a aya&ov. Cf. N. on II. 1. § 8. — y.al nqoq yfiaq, sc. I'tafcc? 

from the preceding clause. 

35. ijfiwv depends upon rovxovq understood, the antecedent of ovq 

in the preceding member. tie ye olpai. Porson conjectures <F 

iywfiav (S. §24. N. 1), of which crasis Kriig. says, "vereor ut sit 
Xenophontea." 

36. fiiyiatov h'xete xatgov. Hutch, renders " commodissimam ha- 
hetis occasionemP But this interpretation does not accord so well 
with ot yaq .... ano^lanovat which follows, as the one given by 
Leuncl. and adopted by Sturz., Born., Kriig., and Pop., " in vobis 
plurimum est situm" = you are the men to think and act in this exi- 
gency. Xenophon expresses the same idea in other places by Inv 
xaCqtov = ot ixavtaxaxoi y.al (pqovelv y.al ov^inqaxxeiv eX xt deot. Cf. Cyr. 
V. 5. § 43, 44 ; III. 3. § 12. nqoq vpeig anofiUnovat for an exam- 
ple of cheerfulness and bravery. zaV by crasis for y.al idv. 

37. v Iaojq is used here per modestiam for, certainly, truly. Cf. 

Butt. § 1. N. 1. diacptgeiv xt xovxojv, to somewhat surpass these. 

For the construction of xovxwv, cf. S. § 184. 1. — — yaq in 'Yfielq yaq 
iaxe introduces the reason, why the officers should excel the common 
soldiers. xQW™ 1 an d xt/talq are datives, answering to the ques- 
tion, ' wherein V Cf. Mt. § 400. 7 xovxmv depends upon nliov in 

inleovey.xetxe. Cf. S. § 184. N. 1, vvv xotvvv, now then. tnel 

7t6).sfi6q iaxtv. The opposition of this clause to oxe eiq^vtj r[V, is too 
obvious to be overlooked. xov nXri&ovq, i. e. the common sol- 
diers. 

38. dvxl xujv dnoUiloxoiv, in the place of those who have perished. 

Cf. S. §§ 205. N. 2 : 140. 3. wq/uev aweXovxt dnCiv, sc. Xoyw, to speak 

briefly. Cf. S. § 220. N. 1. Note the force of aweXovxt, 2 aor. part. 

25* 



294 NOTES. [Book III. 

of avvaigm, to draw together, to contract. Repeat with navxd- 

Tcaoiv the preceding ovdhv .... yivoixo. The sentiment is, that in 
times of peril, it is preeminently true, that nothing can be done to ad- 
vantage without leaders. Soxel does not here mark uncertainty, 

but rather what is so apparent as to admit of no doubt. rjdti dno- 

XwXsxav, has already destroyed. Cf. S. § 205. N. 2. 

39. oaovq dsl, as many as are necessary to supply the places of 

those who are gone. r\v . . . . noirjaoti. This sentence contains a 

protasis (?/V .... 7taga&aggvv^xB), and an apodosis (olpcu ttoitj- 

am). For the moods, cf. S. §§ 220. 3 : 217. N. 5. ndw iv xaigw, 

very timely. 

40. yag illustrates what is said in the preceding section of the ne- 
cessity of encouraging the soldiers. ovro) ya ix6vr(or. while they 

are thus, i. e. in this state of dejection. •— The rt after fo'oi is synec- 
dochical. S. § 167. 

41. yvwpaq, thoughts, xovxo refers to xl ntlaovrxti. cUAot 

y.al, but also. The philosopher as well as the general is seen in this 
advice. 

42. yag S^7tov,for surely. - — - i\ . . . xctq vtxaq noiovoa, that which 
gives the victory, t; noiovaa = Ixatvrj ij noul (Cf. S. § 140. 3), of 
which, ixslvtj is the predicate nominative of Ian. The gender of i\, 
i. e. ixtCvt] jj, is drawn from laxvq. With this noble sentiment, cf. Ps. 

33 : 16 ; 44 : 3, 6. bnongoi refers to xovxovq for its antecedent. 

S. § 150. 4. yvxaiq. S. § 197. 2. iggu)^ve'axegou S. § 57. N. 

2. — — • w? inl to noXv,for the most part, as a common thing. 

43. 'EvTs&vprtficu 6 y iyo)ys aal rovro, but for my part I have observed 

this also. hnooot, refers to ovxoi in the next clause. So bnoaov 

— xovxovq below is put for xovxovq — bnoaov. This inversion of the 
propositions containing the antecedent and relative, occurs so fre- 
quently as to require ordinarily no further notice. lx navxbq xgo- 

Ttovy in every way. " Summo studio." Sturz. nsgl St rov xaXwq dno- 

&vyaxetv, for an honorable death. Cf. S. §221. dtdyovxaq, sc. 

ibv (ilov. The sentiment of this passage is, that those persons who 
desire to save their lives at the expense of their honor, oftentimes find 
a more speedy death, than they who place their honor before life. 

44. avxovq xt dvdgaq aya&ovq thai, to be ourselves brave men. 

rovq dXXovq nagaxaXfiv. Supply dvdgctq dya&ovq tlvai from the pre- 
ceding clause. ^r. 

45. xoaovxov /.tovov xt iytyvcjaxov oaov x]xovov*A&-r\v0A,ov ilvai, all I 
knew of you was from hearsay, that you was an Athenian, literally, / 
knew as much only of you as that I heard you was an Athenian. For 
the construction of ijxovov — thai, cf N. on I. 3. § 20. It seems from 
this, that Xenophon had hitherto strictly maintained the character 



Chap. II.] NOTES. 295 

befitting one, who went merely as the friend of Proxenus, and had 
taken little or no part in the public matters pertaining to the expedi- 
tion. nXetaxovq ilvai xotovrovq. Chirisophus wishes that the 

prudence and activity of Xenophon, might be found in all the leaders. 

46. fit\ fii\\o>nzV) let us not delay. Cf. S. § 215. 1. fteXXo) here 

and in the following section = pqadvw). Cf. Thucyd. V. 3. § 2. — — 
ot dtoptvoi is in apposition with vfulq, the omitted subject of atqtia &e . 

Cf. S. § 157. R. 2. avyy.aXovf.uv " futurum est, non prasens pro 

futuro, quod somniat Hutchinsonus." Porson. Cf. N. on § 24, supra. 

47. oifia ravra dnav avf'azrj, as soon as he said this, he rose up, 

Cf. Butt. § 150. p. 439 ; S. § 222. N. 4. £g ^ ftiXXovxa dXXa ntqat- 

voixo t« dtovta. that what was necessary to be done might suffer no 
delay, but be accomplished j or more briefly, that the necessary busi- 
ness might be transacted without delay. 



CHAPTER II. 

1. slq ro p.foop, sc. xov axqaxontSov. Cf. III. 1. § 46 e'So^v 

avxoXq. Cf. N. on I. 2. § 1. ■ nqoqwXaxaq. Cf. N. on II. 3. § 2. 

A precautionary measure to guard against surprize. — — y.axaaxt\aav 
xaq. Cf. N. on Xa/Sdi-TO, I. 2. § 1. 

2. toiovt&v, i. e. so eminent, axzqofie&a (from axiqw, the simple 

present of oxtqto, Mt § 193. Obs. 5), we are deprived of = we are in 
the state of persons deprived of, we are without. This form, which 
according to Passow is used by prose writers only in the present and 
imperfect, must not be confounded with axsqovfiai. Cf. Butt. § 114. 
p. 301, and his more extended history of the word, Irreg. Verbs, 
p. 230. --- Tcooq & l'xt : and besides. — — oi dfi<pl 'Aqialov. Cf. N. on 

oi 7tsql xhv *Aqiaiov, II. 4. § 2. 

3. ix xmv 7taq6vxo)v avSqaq aya&ovq re iX&eiv, to come forth OS 
brave men from our present difficulties. Weiske interprets : pro pro- 
senti rerum statu viros fortes venire (= esse). But in that case, as 
Kriig. remarks, ¥qzso S-ai would have been employed instead of iX- 

■&elv. dXXot — y?, at least. Cf. Vig. p. 176. a.7to&vrioy.o)fizv 

and ytvGjfie&a follow on<oq, to be supplied from the preceding clause. 

xoiavxa .... noiriauav. should undergo such sufferings, as may 

the gods inflict upon them. For the construction of notriauav, cf. S. 
§ 217. 1. 

4. 'Enl xovxcc = fuxd xovxov, after him. Cf. Mt. § 586. y. 

amoxtavj perfidy. inl xovxoiq, moreover, besides. The repetition 



296 NOTES. [Book III. 

Of avrbq is highly emphatic. Zinov. This epithet was given to 

Jupiter, because he presided over the laws of hospitality. Cf. iEn. 
I. 735, u hospitibus nam te dare jura loquuntur." Kltaoyo). 

5. § 195. 1. bpoTQanitoq = avvdemvoq. It greatly enhanced 

the perfidy of Tissaphernes, that he thus violated the laws of hospi- 
tality. ai'Toiq rovroiq, i. e. the oaths, pledges, and friendly pro- 
fessions, just before mentioned. 

5. bv . . . . y.a&iatdrat. Cf. II. 1. § 4. y.al ovroq, even this man. 

Cf. N. on II. 2. § 20. idtikctptv. The aor. Uwy.a is used by Attic 

authors principally in the sing, and 3 plur., the 2 aor. being generally 
preferred in the 1st and 2d pers. plur. Cf. Butt. Irreg. Verbs, p. 68 ; 

Carmichael Gr. Verbs, p. 78. rbv re&vtjy.6~a — rbv vey.gov. 

ixBivov iz&toTovq. " Adjectives signifying ' useful,' ' inimical,' &c, 
are usually construed with the dative, but sometimes with the geni- 
tive." Mt. § 391. Obs. 2. The ingratitude of Ariseus in joining with 
Tissaphernes to destroy those, who would have made him king of 
Persia, and who were the friends of his former benefactor and prince, 
is finely and forcibly set forth in this speech of Cleanor. 

6. dnorioaivro. Cf. N. on xcoirjoeiav, § 3, supra. — — pr\jXort — 
«rt, never again. 

7. ioTa).ft&oq } being- arrayed ; perf. mid. of oreU.m, to place in or- 
der, to Jit out, and hence to array, to deck one*s person. So Phav, 

defines are').).ea&ai' y.oa f.iela &ai. tw viy.av, victory. 6q d-wq 

*Z* tv j u P ar esse." Sturz. For the construction of rwv y.alUoTwp 

tavrbv ciguooavra, cf. S. § 190. N. 4. rrjq re).ivrr[q rx>yxdveiv (= 

ano&vrioy.aiv), S. § 178. 2. rov ).6yov dt ^QX £ro ' Cf. N. on I. 

6. §5. 

8. povXevo/ue&a = Siavoovfte&a in the next sentence. avrdlq 

tiia cpiXtctq levai = cplXovq elvai avrolq. For this periphrastic use of 

did, cf. Mt. § 500. C. rovq orgartjyovq — olct nenov&aoiv (2 perf. 

of naax(o). Cf. N. on I. 6. § 6. diet, nlaxtwq, confidingly. al- 

rolq depends upon ive/eCgioav and refers to the Persians, wv == tox- 

toiv a, of which, tovroiv depends upon SCxriv. See N. on I. 3. § 10. 

to Xombv. Cf. N. on II. 2. § 5. did navrbq nole^ov^ " omni ge- 

nere belli." Sturz. " did navrbq est perpetuo." Kriig. 

9. nraqvxnat nq. Divinations were drawn from sneezings {nraq- 

fiot), especially when occurring at some critical moment. rbv 

■&6ov, i. e. rbv Ala rbv JZojrrjoa. The omen taking place just as thfi* 
word acorfjglaq was spoken, Xenophon regarded it as coming from 
Zelq 2o)rriQ. — ■ — ^wv leyovrojv, while we were (i. e. I was) speaking. 

S. § 192. — — owrijgia, sc. -O-vfiara, sacrifices for our preservation. 

cvve7tev§ao&ai, u simul vovere." Pop. y.ard dvvaptr, according to 

our ability. orw .... xelga. " Grsecorum exercitus multis nomin- 



Chap. II.] N0^> 297 



ibus rerum publicarum imaginem resl&rebant ; et hunc prsesertim ex- 
ercitum civitatem peregrinantem dixeris. Ut domi, ita hie quoque 
de maximis quibusque rebus decernebat concio ; prsetores quodam- 

modo oratorum viee fungebantur." Kriig. inaiwviaav. The paean 

was not only a battle and triumphal song, but also a hymn of 
thanksgiving, and, as it appears from this place, was sung to the 

honor of other gods besides Apollo. Cf. Hell. IV. 7. § 4. ■ xa- 

Xoiq efytv, were duly performed. 

10. Ovro) (J 5 ^oj'tw)', sc. rwv TtQayfidrmv. Cf. S. § 157. N. 8. (1). 

roiiq fitydkovq — the powerful. A similar tropical sense must 

be given to the antithetic ^uxgovq literally, small, i. e. weak. 

11. For the construction of ava[xvr\(jo) yao vpaq — rovq xirdvvovqj 

cf. S. § 182. N. 2 (last clause). dyad-olq — thai. Cf. S. § 161. 2. 

— — yag IlfQowv x. r. X. Instead of continuing the construction from 
i'nuta <F£, the speaker apparently turns aside to explain rovq mvdvvovq, 
and thus carries on the construction from the parenthesis. Cf. Mt. 
§■§ 631. 2 : 615 (end). See also N. on II. 5. § 12. Reference is had in 
this place, to the invasion of Greece by Darius Hystaspis, whose gen- 
erals, Datis and Artaphernes, were defeated in the celebrated battle at 

Marathon. 7ta/.mXr}&-el orcXw. The rffost commonly received 

estimate of the numbers of the Persian army, is the one given by 
Corn. Nep. (Vit. Miltiad.), viz., 100,000 foot, and 10,000 horse. — - 
acpariovvro)Vj fut. for cHp<x,via6vro)v. —— avO-iq. Sturz after Hesych. 
defines this word by sv&vq. Unless it is employed in this sense here, 
or to designate the return of Athens, to the state in which it was be- 
fore it was built (Cf. Theoc. I. p. 33, cited by Born.), it had better be 

rejected as a vicious reading. 'A&rjvaloi. The Athenians sent 

to Lacedsemon to obtain aid against the common enemy, but although 
the Spartans promptly responded to the summons, yet being forbid- 
den by an ancient custom to march before the full of the moon, they 
did not set out with their forces until several days after the reception 
of the message. The Athenians were left therefore to fight the bat- 
tle alone, being assisted only by the Plateeans, who sent 1000 men to 
their aid. 

12. ev£a/cet'ot rjj 'Jlgrfyifo. The Schol. on Aristoph. Eq. 657, 
says that Callimachus the polemarch, vowed to Diana an ox for every 
enemy who should fall in the approaching battle, but when so many 
Persians perished that oxen could not be found to sacrifice, an equal 
number of goats was substituted. Some say that Miltiades was the 
general who made this vow. rfj *?w. A noun of common gen- 
der, although r\ &t<x, exists as a special feminine form, which, how- 
ever, the Attics less frequently used. Cf. Butt. § 32. N. 2. ovx 

ttyov — tiqtiv, they could not find. See N. on II. 2. § 11. xal 



298 NOTES. [Book III. 

Xxi v.aX vvv, and even to this time they are sacrificing, i. e. so great a 
number of Persians were slain, that in order to fulfil the vow, they 
were up to the time of Xenophon, sacrificing 500 goats each year. 
The Athenians killed about 6000 Persians in the battle, and having 
pursued them to their ships, took seven vessels and set many others on 
fire. Many of the invaders lost their lives in their haste to get on 
board the ships, so that the whole number who perished in battle, in 
the burning ships, and in the sea, mnst have been very great. 

13. voT6Qov. Xerxes made his expedition into Greece, A. C. 480, 
about ten years after the battle of Marathon. d.vaQl&^r\xov. Ac- 
cording to Herodotus, the land forces of Xerxes amounted to 2,000, 
000 men, his sea forces 641,610, making in all 2.641,610. The ser- 
vants, eunuchs, women, sutlers, and other people of this sort, are 
reckoned at as many more, thus making the whole number 5,283,220. 

The term dvaQlO-/,i7jxov may well be applied to such an army. xov- 

rwj', i. e. Tissaphernes and his army. v.axa yr\v. He refers here to 

the battle at Platsea. v.axa &dlaxxav. The sea-fights, in which 

the Athenians and their allies were victorious, were fought at Arte- 
misium, Salamis, and Mycale, the latter of which victory was gained 

on the same day with that of Platsea. xa xQonaia, the trophies. 

The word is derived from xotno), to turn about. These trophies were 
frequently erected where the enemy first gave way and turned to 
flight. [i<xqTVQiov—xfy.[(r[Qiov. dX).ct=aX).a fiorov. A contemp- 
tuous allusion is made to the Persian custom of doing homage to their 
kings by prostration. xoiovxw fitv iaxe 7tQoy6v(ov,from such an- 
cestors you are descended. Cf. S. § 175. N. 2. 

14. Ov fiiv drj xovxo yt Iqo), I certainly do not say this, = I would 

by no means be understood as saying this. ay ov, sc. xqovov. 

ixetv&v. i. e. the Persians who invaded Greece. ipuav avxCJv. 

For the construction, cf. S. § 186. 2. 

15. Kal tot? [thr dffi and then indeed. 7tsol xrjq Kvqov fiaai- 

Xitaq. Kriig. supplies pa/ 6fii voi. SqTzov vpaq 7tQoqrjy.fi, certainly 

you ought to be. 

16. } A)la firjt'. Cf. N. on I. 9. § 18. a7titQoi ovxfq avxwv, being 

unacquainted with them., i. e. having made no trial of their strength. 

For the construction of avxoir, cf. S. § 185. naxQloj cpQorr'jftaxi, 

i. e. with a spirit becoming your high descent. Ttslgav — *£€T« 

is opposed to antiQni bvxtq oxi vji&q. Cf. I. 8. § 19; 10. § llw 

17. Mrjd'h .... (5of??T£. " In prohibitions with pr], the imperative 
of the present is commonly used, but the subjunctive of the aorists." 
Mt. § 511. 3. Cf. S. § 215. 5. For the construction of xovxo, cf. S. 

§ 167. ftilov — I'x^v, are weaker. tl = oxi, a softened form of 

expression for that which was absolutely certain, viz., the defection 



Chap. II.] NOTES. 299 

from the Greeks of ot KvgtXoi, i. e. the Persians who had followed 
Cyrus. Cf. Mt. § 617. 2 ; Butt. § 149. p. 423. xaxfove'q, more cowardly. 

18. fivgioi. Kriig. accents pvgCoc making it the plur. of [ivgCoqi 

innumerable. Cf. Butt. § 70. p. 114. ol noiovvreq .... ytyvrjrcu, 

i. e. who wound and kill in battle. 

19. in — o'/ni-ictroq is explained by $nl rr\q yyq, infra. i<p trt- 

Ttotv xgtfiavTcu, hang- upon their horses, opposed to inl rr\q ytjq pefirixo- 
Tf? ; standing firmly upon the ground. Hesych. defines pcpijxoTcq • 

fafiatox; ivsar^xoriq. nolv d' in fia).Xov orov av fiovXwue&a t£1»£o- 

(.tsd-a, and we shall also reach with far surer aim, whomsoever we 

may wish to strike. y Evl fiovm] in one respect only. Tcgoe/ov- 

av — foaf Cf. S. § 184. N. 2. 

20. jttd/a?. S. § 167. rovro cix&w&s, (yet) feel troubled at 

this. The position of rovro is more emphatic, than though it pre- 
ceded the clauses, commencing with on <f oixen, and ovdh fiaodebq, 

to which it refers. % . . . . vzhvojusr, than to have those men as 

guides, whom being our captives we may command to guide us. For 

ovq avdgaq, cf. N. on I. 2. § 1. Ttsgl rdq eavrwv ipv%itq — ■ — apagrd- 

vovai = shall suffer death. ra awyara refers to punishment by 

stripes or mutilation. 

21. ^irjdh rovro ?ri r/ovraq, and no longer having this (i. e. money), 

wherewith to purchase supplies. avrovq = vfiaq avrovq. Cf. S. 

§ 144. N. 2. fiergw ^gmjUvovq bnoow av ixaaroq fiovXrjrat, making 

use of as large a measure as each one pleases. 

22. CT7roooj', sc. xgrj/ia. The reader will bear in mind that Xeno- 
phon is disposing of such objections as would naturally arise in the 
minds of the soldiers, in view of the untoward circumstances in which 
they were placed. In answering these objections, he contrives to 
substitute for each one a bright and glowing hope. This will be 
seen in his remarks respecting the defection of Ariseus, the want of 
cavalry, market, guides, etc. He now proceeds to dispose of a for- 
midable objection, presented by the great rivers, which lay between 

them and their country. xal ptydXwq rjyslo&s $£a7rarr}&ijrat, dia- 

fidvrtq, and think you have been greatly overreached in having cross- 
ed them. oy.txpao&n d ago, x. r. A. The argument is, that if the 

Persians had induced the Greeks to cross the Tigris, with the hope 
of cutting off their return to Asia Minor by an impassable river, it 
was a most stupid device, since the army could go up to the head waters 

and there cross over. nr\yhiv. Cf. S. § 188. 2. ngo'lovai — 

doaparol. Cf. S. § 200. 2. 

23. El §\ py& ot norafiol diotoovoiv, but if the rivers do not differ 
in respect to width at their sources and mouths. Some translate, but 
if the rivers will not permit us to cross over. Pop. and Kriig. read 



300 NOTES. [Book III. 

Sirjoovoiv, 3 pers. plur. fut. of ditrjpi. ov& wq, not even thus. 

(pafypev — vnoXa^droi^v. • Schneider, following the Eton MS., 

edits ol iv fiaoileojq %otqa axovxoq, by which the repetition of ^aailtmq 
(Cf N. on I. 3. § 14) is avoided. The argument is, that if the 
Mysians, Pisidians, and Lycaonians, held a footing in the Persian 
dominions against the will of the king, the Greeks had nothing to 
fear, even if they could not cross the rivers or were without a guide. 

■ JJtiotSaq. Cf. I. 1. § 11 ; II. 4. § 13. w?avrw?= bpolbiq. 

ed/rot = rtfielq avxol. Cf. S. § 144. 2. N. 2. fcdopev. The forms of 

the 2 aor. of fid« in the sense of to see, are used to complete the verb 
ogcib), which has no aorist. Cf. Mt. § 231, «2#». Concerning the Ly- 
caonians, cf. I. 2. § 19. 

24. av (pattiv, I would advise. S. § 217. 2. p?J7z&, in no man- 
ner \ by no means. <£? avxov nov olxvpovxaq, as if we were going to 

settle somewhere here. xov ddolwq ix3z?pysiv is an adnominal gen- 
itive limiting bfxr\qovq. xal ti, even if. Kal rjfup .... naqa- 

ay.eva^opavovq. Cf. S. § 213. 5. The sentiment is, that rather than 
have so formidable a body of men as the Greeks settle in his domin? 
ions, the king would furnish them every facility for a safe and easy 
march to their own country. 

25. "Alia yao. The ellipsis may thus be supplied : hut (I do not 

think it best to stay here), for lam afraid, &c. pr — py wqni-q. 

Cf. V. 6. § 19. A similar repetition on account of intervening clauses 

is seen in d — el, § 35, infra. pd&ojpsr — £f *< In the sense of 

to perceive, pa&elv takes the participle, in the sense of to learn, the 

infinitive. Cf. Mt. § 530. 2. — — [nydlaiq = stately. ol Iwxo- 

ydyoi. Cf. Odyss. IX. 83. Xenophon here indulges in a little 
pleasantry, to cheer up the despondent minds of the soldiers. 

26. on l/.ovTi-q nevovxai, that they are willingly poor. igbv. 

Cf. N. on II. 5. § 22. xoitq — 7tolixevovxaq = Ixetvovq o c i nolixev- 

ovoi. axlriqovq, poor, literally, without a lot or portion. 'Al- 
ia ydq. But (why need I say more), for, &c. 

27. fiaxotpt&a. Repeat av from the preceding member. Vva 

fiij t« ttvyij 7j t uoJv oxqaxrjyfj, i. e. that the movements of the army may 
not of necessity be conformed to the transportation of the baggage. 
— — av oylov fdv naqr/ovaiv aynv, are equally troublesome to carry, 
av, u pariter id xd X>wyq? Schneid. o/lor, trouble, ayuv has the 
force of the synecdochical accusative, limiting o'/lov naqfyovotv. S. 
§§221: 167. "r 

28. rd niqixxd, the things which are superfluous. Cf. N. on II. 2. 
§ 4. Kqaxov[ih'(»v dlloxqia, for you know that if ice are con- 
quered, every thing belonging to us becomes another's. I have 
translated this clause in the first person, in order to make it 



Chap. II.] NOTES. 301 

correspond with rp> 9k xgaxfa^nv, to which it is opposed. rovq tzo- 

Xe/.t(ovq .... vofdt,uv. S. § 166. 

29. Aotnov uoi ilrtiiv, it remains forme to say. 'Ogcirs ydg 

xal roi q 7i oktfdovq on. For the construction, see N. on I. 8. §21 
(end). 

30. rwv ngoo&iv, i. e. Clearchus, Proxenus, Menon, &c. For the 

construction, cf. S. §§ 141. 1 : 186. 1. rovq dg/ofiivovq, i. e. the 

soldiers. rdlq ag/ovat vvr, to the present commanders, limiting 

Tzei&oiiirovq. S. § 196. 2. 

31. "Hv 94 xtq. Cf. N. on I. 4. § 9. r\v xoXd^uv, if you 

will decree, that whoever of you, for the time being, is present, shall 
assist the commander in punishing. Prof. Woolsey (N. on Eurip. 
Alcest p. 92) remarks that, " ds t like our ever has two senses, always 
and at any time. In the latter sense it is joined with the article and 
usually follows it immediately." Cf. V. 4. § 15 ; VII. 5. § 15 ; Thucyd. 

III. 77. § 1. — ovro)q, i. e. with such discipline. rovq ovti* 

hi inirgexpovraq y.axo> ilvai, who will suffer no one to be neglectful of 
duty. 

32. "AXXd yag, But (I will say no more), for, &c mgatvuv 

— taga. Cf. S. § 221. N. 4. : ' Post r\ ravrr\ repete 8ov.fi xaX&q 

t'xtiv." Kriig. roX^dro) xal 6 Idiohrjq 9iddaxuv, let him though a 

private soldier boldly propose it. A remark like this must have been 
very grateful to the soldiers. 

33. ngoq rovroiq, in addition to those things. — — olq stands for 

a after tin?. S. § 151. 1. avrixa, is opposed to wq rd/iara and 

may be rendered, presently, by and by. 

34. orv TtgoqStiv 9oy.il pot, what it seems to me we yet need. On 
the conjecture of Wyttenbach, TigoqdaZv is substituted in the best 
editions for 7zgoo9oxuv. ■ onov = ixiloi onov. Cf. N. on II. 1. § 6. 

35. d xal ovroi, if these also = in like manner. For noXtfitot — 
ovroi, cf. N. on I. 10. § 18. 

36. nXatatov. Cf. N. on I. 8. § 9. noXvq o/Xoq. i. e. the servants, 

women, boys, sick persons, etc., attached to the baggage. rCva, 

•/gr\ rjyelo&ai rod nXaiotov, whose duty it shall be to command the 

square. rd ngoa&iv, the front of the square. inl roiv nXavgoiv 

txnxiguiv ilvai, to be upon (i. e. to take charge of) both wings. 

Connect ovx dv with 9 tot. 

37. 'fjyolro and i7npiXo£o&r}v are softer and politer forms than the 
imperatives, r;ysio&v), and i/tiftiXt^oO-ojv. Cf. Mt §515. d. y; S. 

§ 217. 4. $7iiidrj xal x. r. X. Cf. VI. 1. § 26. — — to roc ilvai, for 

the present. Cf. S. § 221. N. 3. 

38. To 9k Xoinhv, afterward. Cf. S. § 167. rrjq rd^q, the 

order in which the army were to march. For the construction, cf. S. 



302 NOTES. [Book III. 

§ 179. 1. Rost refers nuqda&ai, to try (i. e. to become experienced) 
to the rule in his grammar (§ 108. 4. c), that the expressions ex- 
perienced, skilled, acquainted, &c, take the gen. of that in which one 
is experienced, &c. 

39. dtdoyfidva, — y yep (a ft ax a. ol — a'AP.w?, in no other way. 

xovxov, i. e. the sight again of his family. Construe xmv — vt- 

vMvxoiv with iorL Cf. S. § 175. See N. on II. 1. § 4. Xenophon ap- 
peals to their love of home, life, and riches, than which, no chords of" 
feeling could be more easily and effectually touched. 



CHAPTERIII. 

1. xaxrs.cuov, began to burn. [.taxed tSooav dXX^Xoiq. Cf. S. 

§ 196. N. 3. iqqtnxow. This verb expresses the alacrity with 

which they destroyed their superfluities. r\qioxo7ioiovvxo = 

riQlaxon: Cf. IV. 3. § 9. eiq i^xoov. Cf. N. on II. 5. § 38. 

2. evrovq (S. § 49. 3). Supply dfd from r\v in the foregoing clause. 

■ rtoXXw (popM. The design of Mithridates was to draw out from 

the Greeks, under pretence of being their friend and in similar peril, 

the plans, which they had formed for their preservation. xal xovq 

■&ig<x7iovxaq ndvxaq t'x<»v, with (See N. on I'xov, I. 2. § 3) all my follow- 
ers. xt iv vw I'xzxs, what is your purpose, literally, what you have 

in your mind. 

3. xal Ueye Xugt'aoyoq. Cf. N. on II. 3. § 21. 

4. 'Ex xovxov. Cf. N. on I. 2. § 17. v Ev&a dr\, then indeed. 

oxi ... . ilr\, that he was sent as a spy. For vnont /Lirrxoq, cf. S. 

§ 132. 1. y.aX yaq. Krtig. would supply, accedebat etiam aliud 

argumentum. By carefully noting the train of thought, the student 

will have no difficulty in supplying the ellipsis implied by yaq. 

7itoxii»q ivc/.a, i. e. to see whether Mithridates faithfully discharged 
the duty assigned him, and brought back to Tissaphernes a true re- 
port. 

5. la xovxov. Kriig. makes it = [itxa. xovxo, after this. But 

Sturz, Born., and Pop., render it hac de causa, for this reason. 

fie'Xxiov. An ellipsis is implied in this comparison : better (than not 
to make the decree). Cf. Mt. § 457. xbv noXzpov dxriqvxxov, lit- 
erally, a war in which no heralds are employed, i. e. in which n© 

terms of peace are given or received. xal — ye, and even. Nl- 

y.aqxov. The same officer, who was wounded in the belly, when the 
generals were seized. It is so strange, that he should desert, after 
euch experience of Persian faith and magnanimity, and even before 
his wounds could have been healed, that Beck, thinks reference is 



Chap. III.] NOTES. 303 

had in this place to some other individual w/jto ainwv = dn-ff 

it. Cf. S. § 222. N. 2. 

6. diafiavxtq xbv Zdfiaxov. We cannot help wondering with Ren- 
nell, that Xenophon should be silent respecting the mode of passing 
the Zabatus, especially, as it was performed in full day-light, and 

under the very eye of the enemy. iXacpgovq, light, agile. 

eutojvovq, well-girded, i. e. well prepared for fighting, running, &c. 

7. poaxvTtQa tujv Usqomv, a shorter distance than the Persians. 
The skill in archery, for which the Cretans were celebrated, has been 
alluded to in N. on I. 2. § 9. " Persas quoque sagittandi arte excelu'is- 

se constat." Krug. Cf. N. on I. 9. § 5. xal dpa xpdol bvxeq. and 

being at the same time light armed. rwv onion =t6>v bnhxojv. * 

poa/v-TtQa, — jj w? igixvsla&ai, too short a distance to reach, literally, 
a shorter distance than so as to reach. " When it is an entire propo- 
sition, with which the subject is compared, and the comparative ex- 
presses, that a quality exists in too high a degree to allow something 
mentioned to follow, \ has after it the in fin. with w<rr*." Mt. § 448. b. 

8. 'Ex tovtov. Cf. N. on § 5. id {uxor, sc. ixslvoi, the omitted 

antecedent of oV. xoiv bnXixwv. See S. § 177. 1. 

9. ol 7iit>ol x. r. k The idea of the passage is, that the Greeks 
in a short space (iv bllyoi xo)oio>) could not overtake their enemies, 
who had much the start (ix nollov ytvyovxaq. Cf. N. on ix nWovoq, 
I. 10. § 11). The reason why the pursuit could not be continued far, 
is given in the next clause. 

10. xal (pevyovtiq ««a, even while retreating, d/na is often placed 

after the participle with which it is constructed. xovmodsv for 

to oTiio&ev (sc. [if'ooq. Sturz), behind them. 

11. Start. Cf. N. on I. 8. § 8. dq xdq y.oniaq. Probably the vil- 
lages spoken of, III. 2. § 34. xrjq cpdlayyoq, i. e. the main body. 

12. xal fiaorvooftj, and the affair itself was a witness for 

them, i. e. it justified their charge against him. iv xw pe'reiv. while 

standing still in order to repel the attack of the enemy. 

14. Tolq .... ^ ao*?, sc. I' otw, let thanks be to the gods. bh'yoiq^ 

SC oxqaxio'naiq ware ftXdipat fih' fit} /ueydla, SO as not to do US 

great injury. S. § 220. 1. 

15. oaov oi'ff ofr Kor[t?q dvrtro^vf w Svvarrai, further than the Cre- 
tans can shoot their arrows in return. ol ix x* l Qos (idXXovxzq (sc. 

axovria) = dxovxinxai. nolv — %<,iqlov, a great distance. • 

oi>x olov, i. e. it was not consistent with safety. ix xoZov gv/uaroq, 

having a bow-shot the start. Cf. N. on I. 10. § 11. "si e jactu sagittce, 
sive e spatio quo sagitta scopum ferire potest peditem persequi ince- 
pit." Weiske cited by Krtig. 

16. 'Hfislq is put for ijpZv and is to be construed with Sit, %t\v 



304 NOTES. [Book III. 

ra X toTtiv = rdxtata. Cf. Mt. § 282. 2 ; S. § 124. 2. 'PoMovq, 

Rhodians. to [ieXoq, i. e. ocpivdovrjv. 

17. 'Exelvcu, i. e. the Persian slings. did .... oytvSovwv, in 

consequence of throwing large stores, literally, stones that Jill the hand^ 

i. e. as large as the hand can grasp. ralq poXvpSlow, leadenballs. 

These being much smaller than stones of the same weight, would 
meet with less resistance from the air, and thus fly much further be- 
fore their force was spent. 

18. rtveq. " In connection with some verbs implying search, or in- 
vestigation, ilq, rC stands instead of oanq, o Tt." Butt. § 127. N. 6. 

tovtwv. The thing bought is sometimes put in the genitive, in which 
case, the verb of the proposition does not signify, to buy or sell." S. 
§ 190. N. 1, tw acpevdovav ivrstay/xeru) i&e'Xovn, to him who volun- 
teers to be enrolled as a slinger. i&iXovri*, voluntarily, ozone's own 

accord. dttknav. " honestus in militia locus, nam oyavdov?} erat 

SovXtxov orrXor." Sturz. 

19. tw Kledgxo) xat aXskei ft pe'vovq. So we say of one who is dead 

he left such and such things. tovtoi;? ndvxaq ixXe'^avteq, having 

selected the best from all these. S. § 165. 1. xi — dvidoovoiv, 

will furnish some trouble. 



CHAPTER IV. 

1. #aocco\)ar, a ravine, bed of a torrent. £<jp' r\, at which. 

diapctlvovoir, while crossing over. 

2. Jta^f^.601, just as they had passed over. The perfect here 

refers to that, which has just taken place. Cf. Thiersch § 85. 3. 

xoaovrovq ydo fjiftfas TioaacptQvijv. Cf. S. § 165. 1. iv rij nqoo&iv 

nQoq t 3oX? h in the former attack. Following Schneid. and Dind., I 
have substituted ngoaOtv for the common reading ff.mgoa&sv. For 
the construction, cf. S. § 141. 1. 

3. oo ov, as many as. di?p<xn>e, began to cross. naoyyycl- 

to .... brtXiTMK orders had been given to such of the targeteers and 
heavy-armed as were to pursue, ovq == ixttvoiq ovq, of which ixttvoiq 
limits 7taQ^yyfXro, and is followed by tojv nsXrciartav (S. § 177. 1). 

wq iq)ftfJof.i(Vfjq ly.avrjq dwdfieojq, inasmuch as a force sufficient to 

support them should follow. Cf. S. §192. N. 2. "^ 

4. xarfd^rpn, had overtaken the Greeks. ia^irjve. Cf. N. on 

I. 2. § 17. 6fi6o€. Schol. ad Thucyd. IV. 29. § 4, 'Opooe te'vai *v- 

tl rov tiq x^gaq, xal nXr\o(ov, foot ovorddrjv [idxr\q. ol dl, i. e. the 

Persians. 

5. xoiq fiagpdgoiq limits mZ,oir. B. § 197. 2. and N. 4. aixo- 



Chap. IV.] NOTES. 305 

y.eUvarot is explained by Suidas, or/. ?y. rraQayyeXftamc, uncommanded, 
of their own accord. The reason why the Greeks mangled the bodies 
of the slain, is given in the next clause. 

6. oi'tgj TTQatjavTsq, i. e. having suffered this defeat. to Xombv 

rrjq rjafua^ the rest of the day. Cf. S. § 177. 2. 

7. to naXaibv, anciently. vtyoq, height. to? d$ y.v/.Xov r} 

neotoSoq, " universus ambitus." Sturz. TzXty&oiqy.foafUatq, bricks 

made of potter's clay. 

8. 7]liov S\ vecpt'Xrj 7tqoy.aU>\parsa. This reading is adopted byBrod., 
Muret, Hutch., Weiske, Dind., Pop., and Kriig. The MSS. reading, 
rjhnq dh rsqjt).rji> nQoy.alvxpaq, is however retained by Bornemann. This 
obscuration of the sun was probably an eclipse, the cause of which 
being unknown to the inhabitants, was attributed to a cloud. An 
illustration of the terror anciently inspired by eclipses, is furnished in 
the consternation of Nicias and his troops, at an eclipse of the moon, 
when they were just ready to leave Syracuse. Zonaras relates, that 
Hannibal was terrified by an eclipse of the sun before the battle of 
Zama. For the manner in which Columbus wrought upon the fears 
of the Indians, by predicting an eclipse of the moon, cf. Irving's Co- 

lumb. Vol. II. p. 144. igthnov, sc. rrjv nohv. Cf. ^jst% § 7, 

supra. y.al ovro)q eaXw, and thus it was taken. tdXoj, 2 aor. act. 

with a pass, signif. (Cf. S. § 205. N. 4) from'AAJlMI. Cf. S. § 118. 

9. JJaoa. ratrrjv xr\v nolir, near this city. nvoaplq, -pyramid. 

" Q,use figura apud geometras ideo sic appellator, quod ad ignis 
speciem, tou nvohq, ut nos dicimus, extenuatur in conum." Amm. 

Marcell. XXII. 15. 'Enl nxvxr\q, upon this, i. e. the pyramid. It 

served for a kind of fortress. 

10. rd/oq, castle. Cf. N. on I. 4. § 4. ngbq rjj 7c6Xet, near the 

city. A fortress like this being usually built for the defence of some 
city, when spoken of, suggests the idea of the city or place de- 
fended. Hence when the city is mentioned, it takes the article, as 
though it had been previously spoken of. Scheef., however, edits 

Ttooq Ts 7t6X?t. Xt&ov ffo'Tou xoy/vXictrov, hew?i stone containing 

shapes of shells. These shells were petrified. 

11. 'Enl 6h ravrri, upon this, i. e. the foundation of variegated stone 

just spoken of. anmXtoav, adopted, on the authority of Steph., by 

the best critics, for the common reading anmXXvaav, is here used trans- 
itively in the sense of amittere, to lose. 

12. 6 II?ogo)v fiaotXerq, i. e. Cyrus the elder. ovre xqovo) — - 

ovts (Jia. neither by siege nor by storm, literally, neither by time nor 

by force. i^^oorr^rovq. The Schol. explains this, y.agdio7tX^- 

y.tovq, {tatvofif'vovq, ty.cpgoraq. " missis fidguribus eos sive in stuporem 
sive in furor em conjicit, ita ut non resisterentP Sturz. 

26* 



306 NOTES. [Book III. 

13. ovq xz I'/on'. The full construction would be, Ixdvovq re 

t'xcov ovq avxbq t/wv r\X&t. With Muretus, Hutch, reads olq xe avxbq, 
&c. This part of Tissaphernes's force consisted of 500 horse. Of. 

1. 2. § 4. xov .... t/ovzoq. Cf. II. 3. § 23. — 6 PaotXtwq ddeX- 

q>bq. Cf. II. 4. § 25. TtQoq xovxoiq, in addition to these. 

14. xaq .... xarccffTt/ara?, a part of his troops he opposed to the rear 
of the Greeks. e7/e v — xaxaaxijaaq = xaxtaxrjae. Cf. S. § 222. N. 

2. Repeat t?x* v with nagayaywv in the next clause. fikv ovx 

itoX^itjasv corresponds to Ss TzagtfyysiXt in the following member 

7taQvyyzile. The common reading is 7rag^yye Xe, which Buttmann pro- 
nounces to be contrary to the usage of Xenophon. 

15. ovdelq tifidgxanv dvdgbq. Every stone and arrow took effect 

in the dense masses of the enemy. ngo&v^olxo, sc. afiagxdvsiv 

dvdgbq. - I't-a) (JtXwv, i. e. beyond the reach of the missiles. 

16. oi ft™, i. e. the Greeks. dxgo^oXCan. This word desig- 
nates a skirmish, in which missiles are thrown from a distance. 

The re in ydg ovxe belongs to xwv Ilegowv. See Bornemann's note. 
Long thinks that this particle is hardly admissible here. 

17. SutiXovv xgojpwoi, they continued to use. Cf. S. § 222. 4. 

tfieXf'rojv ro£ev£cv avto itvteq fiaxgdv, they shot up vertically for prac-' 
tice, sending their arrows far up, i. e. as high as they could shoot 
them. Kriiger conjectures without sufficient ground, that fyia lovxeq 
is the true reading. 

18. [itlov I'/ovrtq. See N. on I. 10. § 8. dxgo^oXt^ofievoq, 

skirmishing. Cf. N. on § 16, supra. 

19. on ... . t7to[if'rm', that an equilateral square (Cf. N. on I. 8. 

§ 9) was a bad order of march, when the enemy were pursuing. 

'yivdyxfj ydg ianv ix&Xtfoa&ai xovq bnXCxaq, of necessity the. heavy- 
armed troops must he forced out of their ranks. For the construction, 
cf. S. § 221. N. 4. Notice the construction of dvdyxtj with the infini- 
tives thai, diaortdo&ai, etc., below. xd xigaxa =al nXevgal, § 22. 

dfia fiiv — dfia Si xal, both — and also. 

20. didftaoiv (literally, a passing over) here signifies the place 
crossed, as a ravine, morass, defle, &c. — — povX6fitvoq rp&daai ng5>- 

xoq, wishing to be first to cross over. tvenlO-ixov, sc. xb nXatoiov. 

For xolq noXtptoiq after tvz7zC&£xov, see S. § 200. 2. 

21. dvd h.axbv ardgctq, of one hundred m,en each. iniaxriaav 

.... ivwftoxdgxaq. For the construction, cf. S. § 166. eiXXovir 
-— aXXovq, som.e — others, are in apposition with Xoxayoiq. The order 
of rank in the Spartan army was, 1. fiaoiXevq. 2. noXipagxoq. 3. Ao/ce- 
yoq. 4. 7livxif\xovxY\g. 5. lvwixoxdgxr\q. Cf. Schol. ad Thucyd. V. 66. 

§ 3. vTzeptrov loxngoi, stayed behind. woxe = I'va. xoxe 

<Jf, i. e. after the wings were drawn together. 



Chap. IV.] NOTES. 307 

22. to (Ataov av^snl/nnXijaav, they again filled up the centre. It 
appears that the 600, who marched in the centre, halted, when it was 
necessary to draw in the wings. This brought them in the rear, af- 
ter which they filed off and marched outside of the wings. When 
the wings separated again, by an inverted process they (i. e. the 600) 
resumed their station in the centre. to difyov, the opening, vacan- 
cy. xcira Xoxovq, by companies of 100 men each, which would be 

more compact than 12 bodies of 50 each, or 24, of 25 each, as was the 
method of filling up the centre, when the space was more extended. 

23. iv tw fie'^it, vicissim, in turn, in due order. of Xox<*yol, sc. 

xm' «£ Xo/oiv. ■ i% nov de'oi xt xr\q ydXayyoq, supply imnaqsivou from 

inmaqijaav. yaXayyoq depends upon nov. Mt. § 324. 8. 

24. ot y.a&rjy.ov ano xov ogovq,, which extended from the mountain, 

i. e. ran out as spurs from it. lp 3, under which = at the foot of 

which. • 3q d/.oq, as was natural, with reason. 

25. xartpcuvovj they began to descend. — — - ano xov ixpijXov, from 

the eminence. riq to ngavtq, downwards. Hutch, supplies /«- 

qlov. — inb fiaatlywv, under the lash. Concerning this habit of 

the Persians, cf. Herod. VII. 22, 56, 103, 223. No wonder that such 
slaves made worthless soldiers. 

26. As the Greek slingers and archers could not cast their missiles, 
or shoot their arrows, up the mountain, it showed no want of bravery 
in them, to retire from so unequal a contest to the ranks of the heavy- 
armed. 

28. nobq rb oooq, i. e. the mountain spoken of, § 24. 

29. ol noXffiioi, i. e. the Persians, ol noX^aov in the next clause 
refers to the Greeks. faSoixorsq. Cf. S. § 209. N. 4. 

30. ol [xiv, i. e. the main army. — — xfj bdw y.axa xobq yrjXoqiovqj 
in the way over the hills (§ 24). ■ - - ol fe, i. e. the targeteers, who 
had ascended the mountain. — — dq xaq xcopaq spoken of, § 24. 

32. ov nqiaxov, where first. txv, any longer. —— ano/tax 01 ) 

unable to fight. 

33. nqbq xrjv ytofiqV) i. e. the one in which the Greeks were en- 
camped. noXb neoiTJaav, were far superior. 

34. SdX n . Cf. N. on I. 8. § 8. 

35. JJovriqov, a useless thing. Cf. S. § 160. N. 2. «?.... "vs- 

y.a, as a common thing are shackled, to prevent them from running 
away. fez — ntqajj avSql — 6*zZ — &i»qay.i(j&?vxa. The imper- 
sonal Stl is constructed with the dative (S. § 196. 2), or with the ac- 
cus. (S. § 159. N. 1). Here both constructions are combined. Cf. 

Mt. § 411. 5. Obs. 2. antoxrivovv = aneoxqaxontdevovxo, as they 

had burnt their tents (III. 3. § 1). 

36. diayysXXofdvovq. " Opinor esse : cum inter se hoc denuntia- 



308 NOTES. [Book III. 

ent, alter alteri (fortasse duces militibus) prqficiscendum esse acclama- 

retP Weiske, quoted by Kriig. and Born. ix^gv^e, sc. 6 xtjqv£. Cf. 

S. § 157. N. 8. (2). ovaxevd&o&cu, to put themselves in readiness to 

march. — — axovovtw ruiv noXs^liav, in the hearing of the enemy, is 

to be taken with ix^gv^i. Imoxov, sc. eavrovq. Xvt iv (= Xv- 

oiTfhlv)is governed by idoxti. 7toq£V£<j&cu and xarciyzo&cti form 

tlie subject of idoxei. 

37. avat,£i^civrfq, having broke up their encampment. The Greeks 
were enabled by this stratagem, to proceed three whole days and a 

part of the fourth, unmolested by the enemy. dxgon'v/iav b'govq, 

the summit of a hill. This is in apposition with x^gtov vmgSQtov, 

and the same eminence, which is called X6<pov in §§ 41, 44. vcp 

ijv, under which. 

38. 7iQoxccr£dt]f.i^fVT}v i taken possession of beforehand, preoccupied. 

39. imyaivofisvov, coming in sight. The Greeks were now in 
extremities. The hills, at the foot of which lay their route, were pre- 
occupied by a detachment of the enemy. On the right hand were 
the mountains, on the left, the Tigris, while Tissaphernes with the 
main army of the Persians was hanging on the rear, so that no troops 
could be spared from that division, to assist the van led by Chiriso- 
phus. It will soon however appear, with what address and gallantry, 
they were extricated from these difficulties. - — si [ir\ rovrovq dno- 
xoyofifv, unless we dislodge them. 

40. '() dt, i. e. Xenophon, who is also the speaker in the sentence 

commencing with 'AXXa [ir\v w§«. xtq = r\fi£lq, like our use of 

one for we. 

41. rov oQovq xt\v xogiKprjv. This was a higher elevation, than the 
one a little in advance occupied by the Persians. Hence if the Greeks 
could get possession of this commanding eminenee, they could easily 
drive the enemy from the heights, upon which they had posted them- 
selves. uo&ai. Cf. N. on I. 5. § 8. rb axgov, i. e. rov 

ooovq rrjv xogvyrjv. d fiovXei, ifyou are Willing. ■ ei dh xorfcuqi 

but ifyou desire to go. 

42. hXda&cu is the object of dl8o)[ii. [taxgav .... Xafiflv = to 

ana rrjq oigciq Xafolv t\v fzaxgdv. As it respects the construction 
of Xafolv with paxgav, it is usual to give the positive in such cases 
the force of the comparative, and supply ?j wort before the infin- 
itive. But Mt. (§ 448. p. 746) says " property speaking, the positive is"" 
not here used for the comparative, but the infinitive expresses either 
the respect in which the adjective is to be taken (Mt. § 534), or the 
effect of the obstacle included in the adjective, so that it is to be taken 
in a negative sense, far, so as to prevent bringing, i. e. too far to 
bring." 



Chap. V.] NOTES. 309 

43. tors xgiaxoatovq, i. e. half of the ££ X6%oi spoken of, § 21, 
supra. 

44. xov X6<pov, i. e. the yjagCov vntgdel-iov of § 37. to cixgov refers 

to the higher elevation spoken of, § 41. dfuXXda &ai inl xo Siy.gov, 

to contend for the height, i. e. to reach it before the Greeks. " In 
Xenophonte d{uXXdo&cu semper de summo studio perveniendi aliquo 
reperitur." Sturz. 

45. oxgaxev/naxoq SiaxsXBvo/LifVojv. Cf. N. on y.onxovxsq, II. 1. § 6. 

noXXrj f,dv xgavyrj — TtoXXrj Sh xQMvyrj. The consciousness that they 

were striving in the sight of both armies, the shouts of encourage- 
ment with which they were cheered on, and the great interests at 
stake, must have exerted a powerful influence upon these rival bands, 
as they strove for the summit of the mountain. Knig. thinks that the 
repetition of y.gavyrj is needless. 

46. "Avdgsq, vvv dq v.. x. X. No appeal could be more powerful than 
this. The repetition of vvv is exceedingly spirited and emphatic. 

47. $g Xaov — ia/iitv, " cequali conditione sumus." Knig. 

yaXeTToiq xdfivo) xrjv donlda y?gm>, 1 am greatly fatigued with carrying 
my shield. S. § 222. 3. Krug. joins yaXs7Twq to yegwv, carrying with 
difficulty. 

48. Kal oq = nal ovxoq. vndyziv, to go forward, before the 

one, who 7zagsy.eXevtxo, i. e. Xenophon. nagitvai, to pass by 

Xenophon whose progress was retarded, by the weight of the sol- 
dier's shield in addition to his own cumbrous armor. 

49. dvaftdq, sc. tnl xov innov *o)q pdoifia r\v, as far as he 

could proceed on horseback, literally, as far as it was accessible to a 
horse, pdaifta. Verbals in the predicate, not referring to a proper 
subject, are often put in the plural. Cf. Mt. § 443. 1. 



CHAPTER V. 

1. dXXtjv hdov wyoi'xo. For the construction, cf. S. § 164. 

2. xa&' dg7tayr\v, for plunder. ■ y.al .... y.axeX^f&rjauv, for 

many herds of cattle were taken, while they were transported across 
the river, i. e. while the owners were attempting to pass them over to 
secure them from the Greeks. 

3. ivvooi'fiEVoi [ir\. Cf. S. § 224. 5. zl y.atoisv, SC xdq ytajiaq. 

4. xijq ^orj&aCaq, the relief of the foragers, who had been suddenly 
attacked by the Persians. See § 2, supra. 

5. 'Ogdxe thou, you see that they (i. e. the Persians) are ac- 
knowledging the country now to be ours. ■ a, for ixelva d, refers to 

ftrj .... ywqav. — — avxol v.atovoiv is put for avxol noiovat, y.atovxsq, of 



310 NOTES. [Book III. 

which, noiovav governs h.fira, the suppressed antecedent of a. 

lav 7tov = wherever. 

6. ojq rjf.i£Tf\>aq, sc. #«£«<;, as if in defence of our country. A 

playful remark of Xenophon, not intended as sober advice. His ob- 
ject was to arouse the drooping spirits of the men, and therefore he 
indulged in a vein of pleasantry. 

7. inl xaq oy.rjraq. As the tents had been burned (III. 3. § 1), this 
means nothing more than that they retired to their respective stations 
in the camp. Rennell thinks, that they adopted the plan of bivouac- 

i?ig, after their tents were burned. ol [xiv aXXoi, i. e. the common 

soldiers. Ivxavd-a, i. e. in the council of officers. "EvO-ev fih> 

— tv 0-ev Sh See N. on II. 4. § 22. oqtj — vnzQvqr\la. These 

were the Carduchian mountains (IV. 1. § 2). 7tora/iibq, i. e. the 

Tigris. to pd&oq is an accus. synecdochical. vntofxtiv, sc. 

iov vdaxoq. S. § 184. 1. TTfigojfttvoiqrov pd&ovq, trying the depth. 

7TtiQa)f.uvoiq limits dooara. S. § 197. N. 4. For the construction of 
pd&ovq, cf. N. on III. 2. § 38. 

8. nara teTQaxioxdlovq, by 4000 at a time. Cf. Mt. § 581. p. 1017. 

9. 'Aoy.ojf, bottles made of skins. ravra = ivrav&a. Cf. Butt. 

§ 127. 1 ; S. § 149. N. 1. " olroq and ode are often used instead of 
the adverbs ' here,' ' there,' the speaker pointing as it were with the 

finger." Mt § 471. 12. (pvotj&tvra. "Brevitatis studio ductus 

ad bestias refert quod de bestiarum pellibus dicendum erat." Kriig. 
Concerning this mode of crossing rivers, cf. I. 5. § 10. 

10. roiroiq .... dkXtjlovq, with these (i. e. ol 3saf.ioC) having fasten- 
ed the leather bottles together. U&ovq duri]oaq, sc. ht tHiv aoxujv. 

ccu(forf\)o)0-Bv, " ex utraque parte." Sturz. 

11. avrtxa /ndla. forthwith, immediately. /udXa gives emphasis to 

avrtxa. ndq, every. S. § 140. N. 6. ?|« xov pi] y.aradiivm, 

will prevent from sinking. S. § 180. 2. ' ; t/eiv, to prevent, is follow- 
ed by the infinitive alone, or with the article in the genitive. Cf. Mt. 
§ 542. y. 

12. oi . . . . noiCiv. The order is, otev&uq av initqznov roTq nqw- 
roiq Ttotfiv ovStv rovrojv, sc. ei ZnrxztQow. Tissaphernes had proba- 
bly stationed this body of cavalry on the opposite shore of the Tigris, 
in order to prevent the Greeks from crossing, if they should attempt 
it. 

13. dq .... BapvXwva. The best solution of this passage, is the 
one given by Born., " Postridie via Babylonica (i. e. ea, quae e provin- 
ciis Babylonem ducebat) relicta aliam viam ingressi sunt illi conira- 
riam. Dind. would reject rj before Ttgbq BaftvXwra. In that case, the 
sense would be, that the Greeks turned back again towards Babylon. 
But it can hardly be conceived that they would again expose them- 



Chap. V.J NOTES. 311 

selves by a retrograde movement, to the attacks of the Persians, from 
whom they had suffered so much in their recent march over the hills. 

y.aray.avaartfq, SC. xdq y.a>/iictq. Cf. § 3. — '6f,ioiot> r\oav &av- 

fidttiv is the reading adopted by Dind. But Born., Pop., and Krug., 
make o{.ioiot, ^actv = iojy.eoar^ and read ofioioi r\aav Qavud'Covziq. 
That this construction is admissible, cf. Mt. § 555. Obs. 2. " Equidem 
persuasum habeo legendum, y.al olov tjoav frai^ud^eiv, et mirari vide- 

banturP Porson. onov nox\ rgeipovrai ol "EkXqvfq, whither the 

Greeks could possibly be going, onoi nox\ corresponds to our familiar 
expression, where in the world. rgtyovrcu — fyour. The indic- 
ative and optative are here interchanged. Cf. Mt. § 529. 5 (end). 

14. r\\?yx.ov . . . . (trj = qhty/ov (xovq- al/fi-akoitovq) ttq sftj rj/owci 
ty.darrj x. x. A. Cf. N. on II. 3. §11 (beginning). jjlsyxov takes two 
accusatives. S. § 165. 1. 

15. xijq inl Bapvkm'a, sc. bSov. S. § 140. N. 5. lv &a .... pa- 

oitevq. Cf. N. on II. 4. § 25. slq Kaodov/ovq. See N. on I. 3. 

§ 5 (end). " The Carduchians are the ancestors of the modern 
Kourds, who have extended themselves along the ridges and valleys 
of Mt. Taurus, from Asia Minor to the neighborhood of Ispahan, and 
who occupy the country named from themselves KourdistanP Rennell. 

16. ir\v dvozwgtciv = id oqt\. In the narrow defiles of these rug- 
ged fountains, a large army would be embarrassed in its movements 

and easi'ij cu t to pieces. oywv = xivdq oy&v (Mt. § 323. 6), xivdq 

being the su\j ec t f i m^uyvvvai, which takes in this place the middle 

signification, to single with. ly.dwv refers to the Carduchians. 

The sense of this passage is, that there was a friendly intercourse 
between the mountaineers and the inhabitants of the plain. 

17. tovrovq, i. e. the Carduchians. di(X&6vxaq refers to av- 

<zoU (i. e. the Greeks), the omitted subject of y&m 

18. 'EtzI rovtotq. i. e. in reference to their contemplated route 

through the Carduchian country. oTZijvtxa y.al doy.otrj xTjq oioa?, 

when it seemed the proper time, ugaq limits hnr]vty.a. S. § 18s! 2- 

— avvtaxsvaaftdvovq is middle in signification. 



312 NOTES. [Book IV. 



BOOK IV. 

CHAPTER I. 

2. ¥v&a= ixatas tvd-a. TtavraTtaatv anogoq, totally impassable. 

dXXd .... ixotyaro, but the Carduchian mountains hung precipi- 
tous over the very river, ixgeaaro, imperf. mid. of xQe^dwvfii, as from 
a theme xQffirjfii,. 

3. row aXioxopivotv. S. § 172. N. 2. — — SieX-O-oiBV — dia^aovrat. 
Cf. S. § 217. N. 4 (second paragraph). nzqUaai has a fut. signi- 
fication. " ovxbi otevov" says Dind., " non emendarunt qui ov to 

attvov vel ovtwq t/ov conjecerunt." 

4. apa fikv Xa&ilv . . . . xa axga, endeavoring both to conceal ib<w 
movements and anticipate the enemy in taking possession of the moun- 
tains. 

5. y.al nzdlov, and so much of the night remain^ as ^at they 

could pass through the plain in the dark. For oof (= toaovrov wa- 
rs) SteX&tlv, cf. Mt. §5 479. Obs. 2. b ; 545 ; S $ 22 °- L oxotaCovq. 

See N. on II. 2. § 17. dnb Ttagayyi'Xaeo^attheword of command. 

TiaoayyzXoiq is used of a command, issu^ by the general and passed 
from one to another, when, as in the present instance, to give orders 
by the herald would expose their designs to the enemy. 

6. divo) noQtvopivuiv. sc. avroiv, while they were ascending the 
mountains. 

7. t6 {,7ZfQP<iXXov tov atgarsv/naroq, " ut quaque exercitus pars ju- 
gum superabatP Zeun. to v7ttQpdXXov. Cf. Mt. § 270. 2 ; S. § 140. 
3. tov oTQartvfiareq. Mt. § 442. 2 ; S. § 177. 2. The sense is, that 
the divisions of the army, as they successively passed over the sum- 
mit, followed on after Chirisophus, who commanded the vanguard, 

and was on his way to the villages. ayxtot rz xal fivxdtq, valleys 

and recesses. 

8. v7toq)Bio6[.uvov .... Kaqdovxoi) sparing them to see whether the 
Carduchians by some means would be willing. Of a future event 
which is yet doubtful, d is often used elliptically with the omission of 
TitiQojfitvoq, axonwv. When the doubtfulness of the result is to be 



Chap. I.] NOTES. 313 

strongly marked, the optative is used of present actions." Cf Mt. 
§526. 

9. o^'rc xaXovvrojv vnr\y.ovov,paid no regard to the Greeks when 
they called to them (i. e. the Carduchians). 

10. ay.otcuoi. See N. on II. 2. § 17. oXtjv rr\v ^uegav — iyevs- 

To = consumed the whole day. r^iaqav. S. § 168. 1. tots res- 
ponds to 'End, at the commencement of the section. oXlyoi nveq 

ovrsq, being very few. $£ dTtQoqdox^Tov = d7TQoqdoy.t'iTovq, unex- 
pectedly. To'EXXqviy.ov = ol "EXXr\vsq. Mt. § 269. 1. 

11. iy.ivdvvfvosv, " periculum erat." Sturz. noXXd, sc. juqij. 

ovvswowv dXXqXovq, i. e. the Carduchians communicated with one 

another, by means of fires and other signals. In this way the alarm 
could be rapidly given to great numbers. Some erroneously trans- 
late the passage, as though ol KaQ$ov%i y.al ol"EXXrjr*q were the sub- 
ject of ovvewgwv. 

12. ro)v te . . . . dvvaTMtara, the beasts of burden which were neces- 
sary and most able. vno'QvyCwv depends upon xa dvayy.ala and 6wa- 

To'irara. S. § 177. 1. vsoiarl alx^taXwra = vsworl taXooy.otct. 

Kriig. 

13. 2xoXalav nogslav, rendered the march slow, retarded the 

march. Inl rovroiq, in charge of these. " With the dat. inl is 

put to express occupations or employments." Mt. § 586. £. A6- 

£av dh tavra, these things having been determined upon. For the 
construction, cf. S. § 168. N. 2. The part. sing, is here joined to the 
neut. plur., on the same principle, that the verb is oftentimes so con- 
nected. Cf. Mt. § 437. Obs. 3. 

14. lv otsvw, in a narrow pass. twv eigrjfitvuv, i. e. toiWa 

ayflvai tlgiyzo. So Kriig. ^ dqne'fitvov dcpriQovvxo, they took away 

from the one who had not given it up. For the construction, cf. S. 

§ 165. 1. ilttq. Cf. N. on I. 4. § 9. — ru jiiv tv paxoftsvot, 

sometimes fighting a little. 

15. ^a/dwc noXvq, a great storm. 

16. ava'/d^ovTEq (= dvaxojQovvTfq. Suid.) is found in prose, only 
in the writings of Xenophon. The deponent is the usual form. Cf. 
IV. 7. § 10 ; Cyr. VII. 1. § 24. 

17. aXXots fi?v ore, at other times when. tots ds, bid then, i. e. 

on the occasion here spoken of. ors naosyyvwTo, i. e. when the 

word was passed by Xenophon for him (i. e. Chirisophus) to halt. 

on 7tQdy(id ti efy, that there was some trouble. We are told 

what this nodyfia was in § 20, infra. 7raoaX&6vTi to the front of 

the army. bpola cpvy^q, similar to a flight. S. § 195. N. 1. — 

6nio&o(pvXa!ji, limits nogsla. Cf. S. § 197. N. 4. 

18. diap7zeQtq, through and through. A Homeric word. 

27 



314 NOTES. [Book IV. 

19. toqtzsQ *?/«*', just as he was, immediately. So the Schol. on 

Thucyd. III. 30 defines wqiteg t^opLtv^ wqntg vvv ivfie'v. aXX* .... 

fidxso&ai, but so led them that they were obliged to jiee and flght at 

the same time, literally, to Jight while fleeing. xi&raxov. The 

perf. and pluperf. of &vqoiua are syncopated in ihe dual and plural. 
Cf. Butt. Irreg. Verbs, p. 126 ; Carmichael Gr. Verbs, sub voce. The 
army in these trying circumstances could ill afford to lose two brave 
men, and hence no wonder that Xenophon, before he had learnt the 
cause, was disposed to censure Chirisophus for not halting, when the 
word was passed to him, that the rear was attacked. 

20. Blexfjov Ue, caM your eyes upon the mountains and see. 

pXs'xpov has reference to the mere act of seeing, i fe, to the actual per- 
ception of the object. Mia .... bq&la, i. e. avxtj (here) juta 

bdoq ioxiv, bq&ta (ovoci). Krug. Krug. translates I'y.^aair, exitum 

in reference to the valleys and recesses, in which it is said (§7, supra") 
the Greeks were inclosed. But Hutch., Sturz, Born., and Pop., 
interpret it, aditum ad montis jugum. 

21. Tavxa, i. e. dia taina. Cf. Mt. 470. 7. el' nwq Svvaffirjv, 

trying if in some way I might be able. For the ellipsis of some such 
word as nugwpivoq with tl, see N. on § 8. supra. 

22. rjfiiv ngdy^cuxa Tzaoelxor. See N. on I. 1. § 11. ontg .... 

i7totr\a(, which also enabled us to take breath. xovxov refers to 

o7i(oq .... xQyoafpt&a- Dind., Born., Pop., and Krug., after Schneid., 
adopt the reading xgriaat^e&a. But that the common reading xQV- 
owfie&a is defensible, cf. Butt. § 139. 4 ; Mt. § 519 j Rost § 122. II. N. 
4 j S. §214. N. 1. 

23. ovx i(pri, denied that he knew of any other road. Cf. N. on 

owe tyaoav, I. 3. § 1. xvl paXa. See N. on I. 5. § 8, Svvaxr\Y 

v.al vnoQvytoiq 7iogtvea &<xi ocTor, in a road that was passable for even 
the beasts of burden, vno^vytoiq limits Swaxriv. S. §200. nogtvta&at 
depends on dwaxrjv and has vnotvyioiq for its expressed subject. 
bS6v is an accus. synecdochical. S. § 167. 

25. SvqnaQirov, difficult to pass. o depends upon nagtX&iiv. 

S. § 163. 2. xiq. Cf. N. on II. 3. § 23. 

26. neXxaaxaq is here used as an adjective in agreement with Xo- 
Xayovq. , ... xoiv hnXixwv, some of (he heavy-armed. Ct. S. § 178. 1. 
— xa nagovxa, the present state of affairs. 

27. xal ovxoq. Cf. I. 10. § 18 ; II. 6. § 30. 'Eyio yag, l'q>7j, o7$a 

x. x. X. Notice the change to the oratio recta. Cf. I. 3. § 14. 

28. xojv yvpvr\xo)v would have been joined in the same construction 
with x&v [ilv bnXixojv in § 27, but the writer having paused to notice 
the noble strife between the captains of the heavy-armed, resumes 
the narration with a somewhat different construction. 



Chap. II.] NOTES. 315 



CHAPTER II. 

1. ot (T, i. e. Chirisophus and Xenophon. ovvrt&svrai, they 

(i. e. the generals) arranged with them (i. e. Aristonymus and his 
associates). This verb, from the idea of command contained in it, is 

followed by the infinitives (pvXdrtei.v, otj/uatveiv, and Uvou. xovq 

fitv, i. e. Aristonymus, Agasias, etc. dvo> 6Vra?, i. e. having reached 

the eminence, spoken of, § 25 of the preceding chapter. xr\v 

cpavfoav i'xftaaiv. Cf. IV. 1. § 20. auzol dh refers to the generals. 

S. § 158. N. 2. 

2. nlr\d-oq. in number. S. § 167. vdag — 1| ovgarov, rain, liter- 
ally, water from heaven (I. e. the clouds). Cf. the Lat. ccelestis aqua. 
onwq .... vovv, in order that the enemy might turn their atten- 
tion that way. 

3. inl xaod$Qa. Cf. III. 4. § 1. The common reading is xaoddoav, 
yet the dat. is the more usual construction, and has in this place the 
approbation of the best critics. • — ■ — bXoitQoxovq. Suid. defines b).oirg6- 
%ovq, arooyyvlovq, Hesych., arooyyvlovq Xtd-ovq. auagiatovq, suit- 
able for a waggon, i. e. very large. nobq rdq ntrQaq nratovrgq, 

dashing against the rocks. disoytvdovojvro, leaped about in every 

direction. Hutch, renders, " tanquam e funda contorquebantur." 
The word happily expresses the impetuosity and force, with which 
the splintered fragments of these rocks were hurled about, in their 
descent to the valley below. 

4. d ... . Svvaivro (sc. ns Idaai) when they were unable to proceed 
this way. " When d accompanies an action often repeated in past 
time, it takes an optative, like the proper particles of time followed by 

the imperf. or aor. indie." Mt. § 524. 5. Cf. N. on I. 5. § 2. ■ inoi- 

ovv. Cf. S. § 210. N. 2. (poftox'ijiivoi Sylov on. These words 

have been added from the Paris and Eton MSS. by Schneid., and 
after him by Dind. and Born., but are regarded as suspicious by^ 

Zeune, Krug., Pop., and some other respectable critics. inavaav- 

to . . . . Ud-ovq. Kriig. reads drsnavaavro, followed by a comma, and 
gives as the sense : ne somnum quidem ceperunt, per tot am noctem 
lapides devolventes. But this erroneously makes the deprivation of 
sleep in the Carduchian army the main object of attention to the read- 
er, whereas, the simple idea intended to be conveyed is the uninter- 



316 NOTES. [Book IV. 

nipted descent of stones during the whole night. For the construc- 
tion of tnavaavxo — xvXivdovvxeq, see S. § 222. 3. avtnavaavxo is never 
found in construction with the participle. 

5. 01 <$', i. e. the party under Aristonymus, &c. otq to axgov 

xaxr/ovxtq, supposing that they had possession of the height, i. e. the 
eminence spoken of, IV. 1. § 25. For the use of w?. de re sperata, 
cf. N. I. 1. § 10. 

6. nay oV, near which. $y f\, where, fi refers to bdbq going 

before. ty.d&rjvxo, were sitting. Cf. S. § 118. K. avxo&tr^ 

from that place, i. e. where the Greek detachment was passing the 
night. 

7. wots .... nqoqtl&ovxtq, so that unperceived they came close to 

them.. $7zt(p&iy!;aTo, "ad aggrediendum sonavit." Kriig. The 

vulgar reading is icp&f'ygaxo, which Pop. supports on the ground, 
that iTZfcp&eygctTo is opposed to the usus loquendi of Xenophon, and 
that the idea insonandi ad aliquid does not suit in this place. 

■ Xsvxo. Cf. N. On I. 5. § 8. cptvyovxtq bktyoi dne'O-vrjay.ov, a 

few while fleeing were killed. bllyov is in apposition with ol d\ Cf. 
N. on I'viot, II. 4. § 1. yoiQ in the next clause introduces the rea- 
son, why the Greeks succeeded in killing but few of the enemy. 

8. y.axa axQifolq bdolq, in unfrequented paths ; as we say, in by- 
paths. avl^oiv 86qaai, they drew one another up with their pikes. 

avtfiojv (from t/tag, a thong, or leather strap) signifies to draw up ( = 
avtlXxov. Suid.) with a cord, as water from a well. The word in this 
place finely expresses the steepness of the ascent, the soldiers above 
drawing up with their spear-handles those below, in some respects, 
as a bucket of water is drawn up from a well. 

9. Kat ouxoi, i. e. those who yaxa atgiftsi'q bdolq InoQfvovxo. 

iwv o7ttaO-o(pvXdy.ojv xovq rjjufoft-q — xovq o7Zio&oq)v).ay.aq xovq r\f.itoEiq. 

Cf. Mt. § 442. 1. ji&*Qj sc. bdw, the same way. ol . . . . l/ovxiq, 

i. e. the detachment spoken of, § 1. avodmxdxri ydg r\v, sc. b§6q. 

10. Kal .... allot, but these (i. e. the part of the army led by Xen- 
ophon) might have marched the same way which the others had taken. 
" The use of dv in past actions to express ability, is founded on a sup- 
pressed condition." Mt. § 599. 2. b. Cf. also S. § 213. N. 3. 

aV.rj 7/ xavxy, any other way than this, viz. the way under the hill pos- 
sessed by the barbarians. For the construction, cf. IS. § 186. N. 5. 

11. bo&foiq xolq ).6/oiq, u rectis ordinibus." Kriig. a ita ut lochi. 
singuli procederent, non latam front em facer entP Weiske. The ex- 
pression answers to our military term, in columns, i. e. a body of 
troops drawn up, with the divisions so arranged behind one another, 
as to present a narrow front to the enemy. Accordingly as the inter- 
vals between the divisions are compressed or extended, the column is 



Chap. II.] NOTES. 317 

said to be in close or open order. ov hv»Xw i. e. not entirely sur- 
rounding the hill, as that would have rendered the enemy desperate. 

12. rewq, as long as. Idvvavxo iy.aaxoq. Cf. S. § 157. 4. — — 

iyyvq <F ov nqoqlsvxo = but they did not wait for the Greeks to ap- 
proach very near them. y.ax v/co^vov by the Carduchians. — — 

av d-iq, forthwith. 

13. i Evvor\aa.q — fxrj. Cf. N. on III. 5. § 3. xov rjXojy.oza, Xocpov, 

the hill which had been taken. Cf. S. § 205. N. 2. inl noXv . . . • 

noQivoLuva,, for the beasts of burden formed a long line, inasmuch as 
they were passing along a narrow way. inl noXi>, " in longum ex- 
plicata." Sturz. axe (i.e. a, %4) — noosvopeva. Cf. Mt. § 568 ; S. 
§ 222. 1. 

14. noXv oQ&io'rtaxoq, by far the steepest. Steph. conjectures 
og&iwTSQoq 7j, on the ground that the eminence, at the foot of which 
the Carduchians were surprised (Cf. §§6, 7), was already taken by 
the Greeks. But a reference to those sections will show, that the 
barbarians were only said to be driven from the open road, and not 
from the eminence. 

15. iye'vovro ol "EXXrjnq. The common reading is i\yov (sc. xhv 

axqaxidv) ol "EXXtjvtq, which Mt. (§ 496. 1) approves. vnconxsvtv, 

sc. ndvxsq elicited from the preceding ndai. The order is vnolnxevsv 
avxobq dnoXmeiv dsfaavxtq f,ir\ y.vy.Xo)&e'vxeq. — — ctoa, now. — — T« 
omo&ev yiyvojiBva refers to what is detailed in § 17, infra. 

16. vTtdystv. See N. on III. 4. § 48. — — iv xw bpaXo,, sc. y.o)qtoj, 
in a level place, where they could be drawn up. — — &za&cu ret, onXa, 
" consistere in armis et imtructos." Schneid. 

17. re&rdac. Cf. N. on IV. 1. § 19. — y.axctxrjq ne'xqaq, down 
from the rocks. 

18. in avxinoQov X6cpov. This seems to have been the second hili 

spoken of, § 12 (end). tw (.maxw, i. e. the elevation, which Xeno- 

phon ascended ovv xolq vsojxdxoiq (§ 16). [iaaxio limits dvxlnoqov. S. 
§ 196. 1. 

19. tq> o) (= inl xovxk ojq. Butt. § 150. p. 435), on condition that. 

m/av. S. § 220. 1. ■ *Ev S. Cf. N. on I. 10. § 10. &XXo 

oxodxivpa refers to the division of the heavy-armed, who marched in 

the rear to protect the baggage. See § 9, supra. ol Se refers to 

Xenophon and his company who were parleying with the enemy. 

ndvxeq .... noXtpioi. The text follows the reading adopted by 

Dind. and Born. But Pop., Kriig., and Long edit ndrxtq ol, the 
reading of the MSS., and place a full stop after owaqqviioav, which 
perhaps gives a better solution of the passage. Born, places a com- 
ma after both ndvxeq and ovvtqqvrjoav. 

20. ind r\q£avxo, i. e. the Greeks with Xenophon. cLXXovq .... 

27* 



318 NOTES. [Book IV. 

ixnvxo refers to those who were drawn up iv xw cfiaXw, § 16. The 

same band is referred to in rohq owxaxayptvovq, §21, infra. xa,x4- 

a&v, aor. act. of xaxdywpi. On the augment, see S. § 80. N. 3. 

dneXmev. Perhaps from apprehension of no attack, he had gone 

to some other part of the army, but it is, however, more natural to 
refer his absence to fear, inspired by the sudden assault of the 
enemy. 

21. 7iqo dftyolv 7TQo^f^).7}jLitvoq, " objecto clypeo ambos protegens.^ 
Sturz. Cf. I. 2. § 17. 

22. ndv 'EXXrjvixbv, i. e. Chirisophus, and Xenophon reunited 

their forces. — — iv constructed with ijtitfjStlmqj is to be taken in the 

sense of furnished with. Xdxxoiq xoviaxolq, plastered cisterns. 

This shows the great abundance of the wine. 

23. ndvxa l7tolr\aav rolq dno&avovoiv, i. e. they buried them with 
all the military honors. ix rwv forawv, according to their abili- 
ty. wqneq vofjtfexat, (sc. nouXv from the preceding member), as is 

customarily done. 

24. For the construction of oTtrj *Y$ cf. Mt. § 527. 2 ; S. § 216. 2. 

25. bnoxz — xwXvoiev. Cf. N. on inzC xiq dio'yxoi, I. 5. § 2. 

tovq ngoixovq, the van of the army. i'Xys xrjv dnoygctl-iv xr\q nagodov, 

removed the obstruction of the way, i. e. drove the barbarians from the 
passes, where they had posted themselves in order to obstruct the 

march. — — — xdlq ngonoiq. S. § 196. 4. 7tetgo')/nevoq dvo)x*Qo> yl- 

yvso&ai,, endeavoring to be above, i. e. to ascend some eminence, which 
commanded the pass occupied by the enemy. In the next verse, we 
find that Chirisophus in like maner assisted the rear, when they were 
pressed by the enemy. xwv xwXvovxwv. S. § 186. 1. 

26. ioxvoojq .... i7Tt{*tXoi>xo, were very attentive in rendering as- 
sistance to one another. Cf. S. § 182. 

27. 3 Hv — oTroTf, sometimes. Cf. N. on II. 6. § 9. iyyv&ev, 

i. e. ig bXlyov, "cui oppositum est ix noXXov." Krug. Cf. ix nXioroq, I. 
10. § 11. The idea is, that the Carduchians were so agile, that they 
could approach very near to the Greeks for the purpose of annoying 
them, and yet easily escape, although having very little the start of 
their pursuers. 

28. iyyvq xotTTr^r], well nigh three cubits long. Cf. VII. 8. § IS. 
Kriig. also cites Agis. VII. 5, iyyiq pvgiot. Hell. II. 4. § 32, dntxxuvav 

iyyvq xQtdxovxa. TtQoq xb xdxo) x. x. X. This passage has puzzleSf 

critics not a little. Hatch, reads tz go fta.lv ovxzq and interprets, " nervos 
cum sagittas missuri essent, ad imam arcus partem adducebant, sinis- 
trum pedem promoventes." But this position is so usual for archers, 
when about to discharge their arrows, that we can hardly suppose 
Xenophon would gravely tell his countrymen, that such was the pos- 



Chap. III.] NOTES. 319 

ture of the Carduchians. Besides, if ttoo<; r6$ov is connected with 

any thing in the sentence, it must be with TtQoq^aivovtsg, and not. as 
Hutch, aud Belfour suppose, with tV.y.ov rots vsngaq, which seem3 
to make no conceiveable sense. The various solutions given to the 
passage, by Leun., Amas., Brod., Weiske, &c, are all unsatisfactory. 
Schneider's interpretation seems to be the best of any yet given, and 
is cited approvingly by Born., Pop., and Kriig. " Difficultatem om- 
nem facile explicabit si mecum et cum interprete germanico, Halb- 
kart, statuas arcum affixum fuisse fusti canaliculato, qualem medium 
sevum arcubalistam vocabat, unde Gallicum arbalete originem duxit, 
quod telum Armbrust appellare solemus. Retinaculum retinet ner- 
vum summa cum vi tensum ; impulsum vero manu ejaculatur telum 
canali impositum. Ita apparet quomodo nervus summa cum vi. pede 
sinistro arcui imo imposito, adductus retineri potuerit in arcu sublato." 
A very convenient way of fitting the arrow to the arbalist or cross- 
bow, would be to place the left foot upon the bow, where it was joined 
to the stock, and with both hands to draw the string home to the notch, 

at the head of the groove in which lay the arrow. $xqwvto avrolq 

axovrtotq, used them (i. e. the arrows) for darts. /Q^o/aou is 

here followed by two datives. Cf. Mt § 396. 1. ivayxvXwvreq, 

jiving the ayy.vkij upon them. Yates (Smith's Diet. Gr. and Rom. 
Antiq. p. 50) shows conclusively, that the dyy.vXrj must have been dif- 
ferent from the amentum or leather thong fastened to the lance. It 
was probably, as its name imports, something crooked or curved, 
which was fixed to the middle of the shaft as a rest for the hand when 
with the aid of the amentum, it was about to launch the spear. 



CHAPTER III. 

1. im$Q tov nsStoVi over the plain. Ksvtq(tijv. This river sep- 
arates the country of the Carduchians from Armenia. It is now call- 
ed Bitlis-Soo. oQf'cov. Cf. N. on I. 2. § 21. — — xoiv KaQSov/wv 

is to be taken with ?wv o£*W, from which it is separated, either to 
avoid the termination wv in so many successive words, or for the sake 
of a rhythmical ending of the sentence. 

2. nollk fiv^ovavovrsq. Cf. Cic. de Fin. Lib. II. 32. "Ju- 

cundi acti labores." " Sua vis laborum est prseteritorum memo- 
rial' A similar sentiment is found in Virg. iEn. I. 202-3 : 

" revocate animos, moestumque timorem 

Mittite j forsan et hoec olim meminisse juvabit." 



320 NOTES. [Book IV. 

t Emk yag rjfiegaq. If we make the first of these days embrace the 
events detailed, IV. 1. §§ 4-11 ; the second, IV. 1. §§ 12-14; the third 
IV. 1. § 15. — 2. § 7 5 the fourth, IV. 2. §§ 8-23 ; the fifth, IV. 2. §§ 24 
-28, there will be wanting two days, which Rennell supplies from 
the time given to rest, IV. S. §§ 22-3. But Krtig. more correctly 
supposes three days to have been consumed in what is narrated IV. 
2. §§ 24-27, the writer having omitted to mention the particular events 

of each day. oaa Tiaaacpegvovq, more than all the evils put 

together, which they had suffered from the king and Tissaphernes, 
literally, as many evils, as were not all (i. e. as all did not equal), 

which they had suffered from the king, &c. '^fw? tzo^qt^oay. 

They little knew what dreadful sufferings awaited them in the snows 
of Armenia. 

3. ox&aiq, literally, banks of & river. Here it designates the em- 
inences pertaining to the Centrites, yet some distance from the 
stream. Cf. § 5. 

5. ano tov noxapov ansi/ov. Cf. S. § 226. N. 9. x st Q 07t0 H rz ^t 

artificial, literally, made with the hand. 

6. tqaxvq .... oho&yooZq, the river (i. e. its bed) was rough with 
large and slippery stones. el dh pi}, otherwise, i. e. if they attempt- 
ed to hold their shields in the water. Cf. Mt. § 617. 6 ; Butt. § 148. 
N. 10. 

7. "Ev&a .... 7\(sav, but where they had been the preceding night. 

Cf. N. on r\oav, I. 1. § 6. Notice the anaphora in bgwoi p$v 

oQoJat, dz — oqojoi de. 

8. iv ntdcuq Sadea&ai, to have been bound in fetters. avrai S>. 

Supply I'dot-ar' from the preceding clause. avrofiaroi 7iBQt.(}§vTjrai,.to 

fall from him oj their own accord. The 2 aor. pass, of giw is used by 
the Attics in an active signification. Cf. Butt. § 114. P; Carmichael 
Gr. Verbs, p 252. The word is here tropically applied to the part- 
ing asunder and falling off of fetters, to express the ease and sudden- 
ness of the act as it appeared in the dream. — — diapafotiv, "divari- 
catis pedibus stareP Born. The word happily expresses the long 
and irregular strides, with which a prisoner, in the first moments of his 
freedom, assures himself that he is really free from the chains, which 

had so long restrained his movements. xaAw? toto&ai. Adverbs 

sometimes follow df.U and other such verbs in the predicate. Cf. 
Mt. § 309. c. 

9. ojq rd/iora toq i'Tteyairtv, " quam primum aurora illucere 
caipisset." Porson. mq ru/iora in the sense of as soon as, is usually 

disjoined by one or more words. txl rov ngonov, sc. UgtCov, which 

is added, VI. 3. § 2. 

10. it-ftr} avxo), any one might go to him. tlntiv .... nohpov, 



Chap. III.] NOTES. 321 

to communicate whatever intelligence he had, respecting matters 'per- 
taining to the war. 

11. OT1....7TVQ, that they happened to be gathering brushwood 

for the fire. lv tw ne'oav, on the other side. y.ad-tjy.ovaaiq .... 

Tioxapov, extending down to the very river. Cf. S. § 144. 2. 

12. ovdk .... rovro,for this place could not be approached by the 
enemy's horse, on account of the rocks y.a&tjy.ovoatq in avxby rbv no- 

rafibv. 'Ey.Svvxsq, putting off, sc. their clothes. wq revaov- 

fisvot., supposing that they would have to swim across. Cf. N. on «?, 
I. 1. § 10. vtt'oovfit vot, is the Dor. fut. mid. of r*w, a form, which in 
some verbs is employed by the Attics. Cf. Mt. § 183. Obs. 3 ; S. 

§ 114. N. 1. noQtvoptvoi to cross over. p^et-at. aor. infin. of 

pQf'y.o). ndliv r[x(iv, had come back. Cf. S. § 209. N. 2. 

13. I'anerds, sc. olrov. For the construction of ev/saOai — 

&solq, cf. Mt. §401. 

14. rovq Tf i[MQood-*v, i. e. the army of Orontas and Artuchus. 
Cf. § 4. ro)v bnivQ-iv refers to the Carduchians. 

15. di,a(iaCvaiv. The pres. infin. is here used, because the passage 
of the army is regarded in the aspect of a continual crossing over of 
its parts, while the aorist infin. diapTjvai, (§ 12), is employed, because 
the mere act of passing the river is conceived, without reference to its 
continuance or repetition. Cf. Mt. § 501 ; Butt. § 137. 5 ; S. § 212. R. 

16. 'End 6 7/e v, when these things (i. e. the disposition of the 

troops and the baggage) were well arranged. 

17. avrmaofiao-av, marched along on the opposite shore in order to 
intercept the passage of the Greeks, if they should attempt it higher 

up. naqfiyytlU. Supply from the preceding clause cmodvvraq 

kapficivsiv roe onla. oo&Covq. Cf. N. on IV. 2. § 11. 

18. ioyayidtovro dq rbv nora t aov. Sacrifices were frequently offer- 
ed to the divinities supposed to inhabit rivers. Sometimes the ani- 
mals were slain during the passage of the stream. Alexander is said 
to have sacrificed in the middle of the Hellespont, a bull to Neptune 
and the Nereids. The Trojans offered bulls and horses to the Sca- 
mander. ,. Cf. Horn. II. XXI. 130. See also Herod. VII. 113, with 
Stocker's note. For the use of dq, cf. N. on dq aonfSa, II. 2. § 9. 

20. inl oorj, to the ford opposite the way leading to the Arme- 
nian mountains. Cf. § 5, supra. rovq .... Inndaq. These horse- 
men had gone up the river to oppose the passage of the Greeks (§ 17), 
but when they saw Xenophon hastening back to the principal ford of 
the river, supposing it was done with the intention of crossing over 
and cutting them off from the main army, which was stationed upon 
the eminences (§ 3), they returned with all speed, and thus enabled 
Chirisophus and his men to pass over without molestation. 

22. ACxioq. Cf. III. 3. § 30. pr] anolzlma&at) that they (i. e. 



322 NOTES. [Book IV. 

Lycius and his party) must not be left behind =-. must not give up 
the pursuit. These encouraging shouts were not lost upon Lycius 
and his companj^ as may be seen, § 25. 

23. 7tooqrjiiovaaq bx&oiq corresponds to nfrgcuq y.a&rjy.ovaaiq, §11. 

rovq a'l'w, i. e. the infantry drawn up on the banks above the 

enemy's horse, § 3. 

24. rrjv xayjaxriv. " Sine hSov est celerrime" Kriig. 

25. roc civot = ra a/.ga, § 23. incx^iQ'tiaaq inidioigcu, continuing 

the pursuit. 

26. ay.f.ir\v Sitpaivt, were still crossing, axftrv = agri, t'ri, eliam 

nunc. y.ar iro>f(oziaq. Cf. III. 4. §22. nag ao7i(3aq . . . . 

cpdXayyoq, having extended each company to the left in the form of a 
phalanx, i. e. in a line fronting the enemy without any space between 
the ranks, nag aanidaq, to the left, the shield being on the left arm. 
So inl douv (§ 29 infra), to the right, the spear being in the right 
hand. y.araar^oaoO-ai, to stand, to station themselves. This intran- 
sitive use of the aor. mid. of I'ortjfu is rare, its sense being almost in- 
variably transitive. Cf. Butt. Irreg. Verbs, p. 135 ; Carmichael Gr. 
Verbs, p. 149. ngoq rov norayov. Cf. N. on II. 2. § 4. 

2S. diapai vovr aq, i. e. on the point of crossing over. avrol, 

i. e. Xenophon and the rear guard. irarriovc; Sia^tjon/te'rovq, 

they should descend into the river on each side opposite to them (i. e. 
Xenophon and his men), as if designing to cross over, iram'ovq — 

oq>wv. Cf. Mt. §366. Obs. 2; S. § 186. N. 2. di^yy.vXtafuvovq, 

perf. mid. Cf. Mt. § 493. d ; Butt. § 136. 3. Sturz after Hesych. de- 
fines dirjyy.u/.c'o&cu, amentum hastce prehendere. imfopkrtfievovq 

(perf. mid.), having their arrows on the string, i. e. being prepared 
for action. 

29. aanlq yoyfj, the shield should ring, with the stones, darts, etc., 
thrown against it by the enemy = should be within reach of their 
missiles. Hutch, renders nanlq yo<pfj, " cum scuta pulsata (by the 
Greeks as a signal for the charge) sonarent." So Weiske, Zeune, 
and Sturz. But this interpretation does not so well accord with 
ocpavdorri tt-iy.vrjat, and is rejected by Born., Pop., and Kriig. 

30. rovq lomovq. Schneid. supplies Tor? hniad-ocpvXay.aq from.§ 27. 

w/nvm .... vrzotvylwv, had gone away, some to take care of their 

beasts of burden, vjxovro has here the force of the pluperfect. Cf. N. 

on I. 4. § 8. hrav&a Stj is used, as though ind tojgojv, instead oC. 

cQwrriq, had preceded. So Kriig. 

33. y.al ysvyovrtq, even when the Greeks icere on the other side 

of the river, were seen still to fee. 

34. 01 dh vnavrrioavrtq, i. e. the troops sent by Chirisophus. Cf. 
§ 27, supra. ngoqont'gw rov y.aigov, farther than was proper. 



Chap. IV.J NOTES 323 



CHAPTER IV. 

1. Ulovq, gently rising, i. e. not steep or uneven. Krug. following 
Morus interprets, non asperos virgultis aut lapidibus. 

2. Elq Si . . . . \v z but the village into which they came was both 
large, xwftrjv here stands for xe^, and is attracted by, and put after, 
its relative. Cf. N. on I. 2. § 1. rw aaxqanri (i. e. Orontas) de- 
pends on f?/f. S, § 196. N. 4. xvqauq. Probably the houses were 

turreted as a defence against the Carduchians. 

3. rov Tly^mq TzorajioU. Not the Tigris Proper, but the eastern 

branch called Arzen. Tyhpoar. Rennell makes this stream 

the Arsanias, an arm of the Euphrates. 

4. To;ro?, region. 'AQfttvfa .... iorr/qar. This was the west- 
ern section of Armenia Major, separated from Armenia Minor by the 
Euphrates. avi'paUtv = avifUfiaUv. Cf. Cyr. VII. 1. § 38. 

6. itp «. Cf. N. on IV. 2. § 19. cei'ro? — adtxslr. See S. 

§ 158. N. 2. jteij™ — Tf. Cf. N. on II. 2. § 8. 

9. leona. The Greeks called any animal they slaughtered for 
food tfoflo)-, because a part was always burnt on the altar. Cf. 

Hutch, ad Cyr. I. 4. § 17. Twv Sh aTtooxedavw/xevojv rivhq, some of 

those who had straggled away. 

10. In the common editions, a full stop is put after arqdrinfia, and 
thus n<xliv is made to commence the subsequent sentence. But after 
Hoiz., the best editors place the period after naliv. Adverbs are 

often found at the close of a sentence, especially when emphatic. 

^tai^Qid^fir, to clear up. Some interpret it, to encamp in the open 
air, sub dio agere. 

11. oxvoq — avfaraaO-ai. Cf. S. §221. N. 4. • aliuvov (sc. 

Xqypa) Ttagaogveir}. The idea is, that the snow served as a warm 

covering to those, upon whom it lay undisturbed as it fell. 

12. ixftvov a<pi).6fitvo<z, sc. tt[V at-tvrjv. Cf. S. § 165. R. 

13. £/(h'oj'to, "ut artus frigore torpentes redderentur agiles." 
Zeun. ix xoiv 7iixoojr, sc. ctfivydctXwv. 'Ex 6k xtav aitwv, SC 

T*Q$ftlv&4lSV, 

14. ore to nqoteqov anyeaav refers to what is said, § 10 supra. 

v7to trjq al&qtaq, in the open air. The Paris and Eton MSS. read 
vno arao&aXCctq, ob stultam petulantiam. 

15. 'Evttv&tv = ix xovtoV) then, after this. avSqctq dovrsq, 

having given him men as attendants or followers. xa oVra x. r * 

literally, things being as being, and things not being as not bein± 



324 NOTES. [Book IV. 

the truth exactly as it was. On the use of p\ and ovx in this passage, 
see Butt. § 148. p. 418. Cf. Demosth. Olynth. II. 28. 

17. nodanhq aYrj, of what country he was. Cf. S. § 73. 1. 

inl rCvc owedfyfiivov, for what purpose it had been collected. 

18. XdXvpaq. If as Strabo asserts, the Chalybes of his time had 
changed their name to that of Chaldaei, these mercenaries of Teriba- 
zus are probably the same people, who are called Xalddloi, IV. 3. 
§ 4. Cf. IV. 5. § 34, 7. § 15. Rennell says that the name Chalybians 
here appears to be a mistake, the Chaldseans being certainly intended. 
However this may be, these people are not to be confounded with 
those of the same name, mentioned, V. 5. § 1, who are represented as 

few in number and subject to the Mosynceci. Tao/ovq. Cf. IV. 

7. § 1 ; V. 5. § 17. fatQ /novaxt} e^rj 7tooeta, the only direction in 

which the road lay. <hq is to be constructed with iTn&rjoopevor. 

Cf. N. on wq a7ioxrevon',l. 1. §3. IvxavO-a is added for the sake 

of perspicuity. 

19. Sophsenetus was left in charge of the camp, probably, on ac- 
count of his age. Cf. V. 3. § 1. 

21. ylwaav, were taken. Cf. N. on III. 4. § 8. For the lengthen- 
ing of the radical vowel, cf. S. § 117. 12. Xenophon writes ffiw and 

idkoiv. The latter is the Attic form. Cf. Butt. § 114. p. 266. t\ 

oxtjvti. The tents of eastern princes and commanders were often 
Allied with articles of luxury. Cf. Herod. IX. 80. 



CHAPTER V. 

1. xd arevd. Cf. § 18 of the preceding chapter, to cixgov below 
refers to the same pass. 

2. Evyodryv. This was the eastern branch called Arsanias, 
the modern name of which is Murad Chai. Rennell, however, 
makes the Teleboas (Cf. N. on IV. 4. § 3) answer to the Arsanias. 
/5of/d/ffrot 7tQoqjrbv opyodov. being under water up to their mid- 
dle. Butt. (Lexil. p. 208) says that, pgf'xeo&<u is used of objects which 
are completely under water. 

3. nagaadyyaq 7Tavxfy.aidsxa. A distance in the estimation of Ren- 
nell, too great for a march through deep snow, and hence he suspects* 
an error in the text. The numeral may have crept in from the pre- 
ceding section. Iravxtoq 'iTtrei, was blowing against them, i. e. in 

their face. dnoY.alwv. " Quia idem fere vehementis frigoris est 

effectus qui caloris, tropus hie, praesertim apud poetas, non est rarus, 
ut frigore perdita dicantur ambustaP Weiske. 



Chap. V.] NOTES. 325 

4. naat d)\ 7ivn'\uaroq. to all now the fury of the winds seemed 

evidently to abate. 

5. oi' .... bxpttovxaq, would not permit those coming late to ap- 
proach the f re. Cf. S. § 213. 5. N. 2. fiaxadidoltv — nvgavq. 

Cf. Mt. § 326. Obs. This verb is more commonly followed by the 
gen. of the thing imparted. Cf. S. § 196. N. 3. See also fUxedCdooav 
aMjloiq Sv (i. e. Iy.zCvuv a), § 6 infra. 

6. "Ev&a ds, wherever. tart, as far as. ov dtj nagrjv fte- 

xqbIv, where indeed they coidd measure, ov refers to the place, where 
the snow had been melted by the fire. 

7. ifiovhf.iCa.aoiv, fainted through excessive hunger. Fisch. re- 
marks of the fiovhfiCa, that, " it afflicts the patient with an insatiable 
appetite, so that he is debilitated, loses his color, faints, and experi- 
ences a coldness at the extremities." 

8. foiTztpnz Movxdq. Cf. S. § 222. N. 3. 

9. dficpl y.vt'yaq, about dusk. i/. xrjq y.o)unq — yvvaly.aq, women 

belonging to the village. Tzobqxij jigtjvrj, at the fountain. 

10. n?oaiarl, like a Persian == in the Persian tongue. S. § 119. 
4. oooj' 7iaoaadyyTji>, as much as a parasang. 

12. ot re dteq>&aoue'voi — rovq bq)&a).fiovq = ixtlroi olq (i. e. v 
S. §197. N. 4) oi bq>&a).[iol Stty&agpsvoi rjoav. Cf. Mt. §424.3- 

rovq 6(f)&a).fiovq is a synecdochial accusative. S. § 167. xovq 

a7toafarj7r6rfq, whose toes were rotted off. rovq day.xvlovq. S- 

§ 167. The 2 perf. of anoar\noi is used intransitively as a present. Cf. 
S. § 205. N. 2. 

13. in ly.ovgrjfia xfjq xioroq, protection against the snow. Cf. Mt. 

§ 354. y. t(5v dh Ttodoiv, sc. iTTLxovorjaa. Notice the change of 

construction, in xdlq brp&aXfiolq — tw 7Todo)v. si xr\v vvzta vttoLv- 

oixo, if he took off (literally unloosed) his shoes at night. Cf. vnodt.- 
dtfie'voi (infra), with their shoes on, literally bound on. 

14. oi Ifidvxeq, the thongs by which the shoes were fastened to the 
feet. 

15. drdyxaq, difficulties, troubles. tXy.atov xfxtjy.f'var, they con- 
jectured that it had melted away. The 2 perf. of xv/.v) has the intransi- 
tive sense, I melt away, I have melted ;• 2 pluperf. I had melted. S. 

§ 205. N. 2. xhxr\y.zi. So Dind. and Pop. read for the vulgar 

*«Tijx«. Cf. Mt. § 165. Obs. 2 ; S. § 77. N. 1. % dxfiC^ovaa, =- 

rjxfii'Civ, was exhaling vapors. 

16. 7zdar\ rejrvjj y.al fir]xavfj, by every art and contrivance = in 

every way. rhUyv&fy at last. Cf. Mt. § 557. p. 969. dvvaa&at, 

sc. npaaav, suggested by the preceding context. 

17. xolq y.dfivovai, those who were tired out. They are called oi 
aa&evovvxeq in § 19, their excessive labor and privations rendering 

28 



326 NOTES. [Book IV. 

them as helpless, as though they were sick. dfKpl wv (i. e. l/.rfvuv 

«) diaquQopsroi, quarrelling about the booty (Cf. § 12, supra) in their 
possession. 

18. dxe vytalvovttq, inasmuch as they were well, I e. not exhausted 
by the sufferings, which they had undergone from cold and fatigue. 

oaov vSvvavto fu'yiarov, as loud as possible. rjxav (aor. of 

Vrjfn) tavxovq, threw themselves, is finely descriptive of their precipitate 
flight over the banks of snow into the valley. 

19. iyxExalvpftfroiq, wrapped up in their garments. Some incor- 
rectly translate, covered up with snow. avCaraaav avxovq, they en- 
deavored to make them rise up. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 1. 

21. nohq rjutQav, towards day. Mt. § 491. e. 

22. fcipTUt, — ay.Bipofuvovq. S. § 222. 5. For the construction of 
aigjtti, rwr, cf. S. § 178. 1. ko^hv. S. § 219. 2. 

23. ol dk aXXot, sc. axQaxrjyoi. diaXccxovxtq, having divided by 

lot. " More pervagato." Kriig. 

24. IIohixQdrTjq. This Athenian captain seems to have been a 

zealous and active friend of Xenophon. dk^xn, 3 pers. sing. plup. 

of Accy/ctrw. kntay.aidiy.a. This number is evidently too small, 

since we are told, § 35, that Xenophon gave a young horse to each of 

the generals and captains. irrdxrjv ttfidoav yfyapiiftfrtjr, having 

been married nine days. Cf. S. § 168. N. 1. ya^iiv is said of the 

man contracting marriage, yafielo&ai, of the woman. &^?to 

■&tlQdawv. Cf. S. § 222. N. 2. 

25. y.axdyziai, subterranean. oro^a, sc. t'xovoai. Cf. Mt. § 427. 

b. inl yMfiay.oq, by a ladder. Perkins (Residence in Persia, p. 1 17) 

says that, " the villages now in this region are just like those described 
by Xenophon. They are constructed mostly under ground, i. e. the 
houses are partially sunk below the surface, and the earth is also 
raised around them, so as to completely imbed three sides, the fourth 
remaining open to afford a place for the door." A fine testimony to 
the fidelity of Xenophon's narrative. 

26. htjoav .... iao/silziq, and the barley itself was also in the va- 
ses even to the brim. Hence the contrivance for drinking by means of 
reeds, the wine being sucked up from the bottom part of the jar, from 

which the barley had risen to the surface. yovaxa. These joints 

would have closed up the tube, and rendered the reed useless for the 
purpose here designated. -— 

27. dxgatoq r\v, sc. 6 otvoq. ovfifia&ovxt,, to one accustomed to 

its use. 

28. avTtf.i7z).Tio<xvttq, having in return filled. For the construction 
of xwv lrtixr\$tlo)V, cf. S. § 181. 2. 

29. ydo(pQovov[iivoq, = as an instance of his good will. olvov. 



Chap. VI.] NOTES. 327 

u haud dubio y.otfrivovP Kriig. Others think with good reason, that 

wine of the grape is meant. olvov .... xaToquqvyfttvoq. Cf. N. on 

I. 8. § 21 (end). iv tpvlaxfj, under guard. So in the next clause iv 

ocp&aXfioTq, under their eye == having an eye upon them. 

30. xovq refers to the Greeks, who were quartered in the villages. 
alxolc^ i. e. Xenophon and his companions. 

31. ovx .... roaTittar, there was no place, where they did not put 
upon the same table. The two negatives in this sentence constitute 
an emphatic affirmative. Cf. S. § 225. N. 

32. fiXofQoviiijfitvoqj in token of friendship. ellter, he drew him, 

i. e. he used a kind of friendly compulsion, such as is employed with 
those, who, when solicited to drink, manifest a reluctance to do so. 

■ onrpovrra — wcjTitq jjowj sucking it in like an ox. This was 

done by means of the reed (Cf. § 27), although some think that when 
they pledged one another, they applied their mouth to the liquor, as 
the ox does to water, instead of sucking it up through the tubes of 
cane. 

33. rot- grjoov %x\ou. They were unable to procure flowers and 
green plants, at this season of the year, and therefore used hay as a 
substitute. ireolq, deaf mutes. 

34. TTtQaCQovToq, speaking the Persian language. 

'65. ov eikypti refers to what is detailed, III. 3. § 19. naXatrs- 

gov. For this form of the comparative, cf. Butt. § 65. N. 4. Kriig. 

and Pop. follow the common reading nalainnqov. avaO-Qtrparxt, 

y.ata&vnai, to sacrifice (S. § 219. 2) after having recruited him. 

ifoov e7rat, rov 'HUov. Zeune remarks on Cyr. VIII. 3. § 12, that 
horses were most frequently offered in sacrifice to the Sun. 



CHAPTER VI. 

1. rov fih' rtytuova, the guide. aqrt rpdoy.ovroq, now approach- 
ing the age of puberty. r\yr\aoixo, sc. 6 ■/.(» udu/riq. 

2. avro) tx^-tnuvd-ri (aor. pass. S. § 206. N. 2). became angry with 
him. 

3. 'Ex $$ rovrov, on account of this. The common reading is cbro 

fe rovrov. anodoaq to/tro, he ran away. Cf. S. § 222. N. 2 

Tovxo refers to ^ to? ... . afttXeict. See Mt. § 472. 2. c. rjoda&tj 

te rov ncudoq, fell in love with the boy. The verb iqdo) takes its tenses 
solely from the passive form. Cf. Butt. § 1 14. p. 280. For the con- 
struction of to? rcaidbq, cf. S. § 182. 

4. avct Tts'rta naqaadyyaq rijq jjfiigaq, at the rate of five para- 
sangs a day. S, § 172 rov (Paatv. Cf. N. on I. 4. § 19. This 



328 NOTES. [Book IV 

river is now called Arras, and from the rapidity of its current, well 
deserves the epithet " pontem indignatus," applied to it, Virg. iEn. 
VIII. 728. 

6. inavoaxo nogevo/Luvoq. Cf. § 222. 3. y.axd y.i'gaq = inl xi- 

qaq, in a line, longo agmine. Inl ydXayyoq. Cf. N. on IV. 3. § 26. 

10. ou)(,ictTct dvdgwv, a circumlocution for dvSgaq, or axgaxioixaq. 

11. Tb fi$p oxddia, this mountain, which is in sight, is more 

than sixty stadia in length. Hutch, supplies ixreiroptrov. dlX 

jj follows a negative in the sense of unless, except. Cf. Vig. p. 177. 

nolv ovv y.gelxxov — fioLU.ov. This apparently pleonastic use of 

fiaklov is not uncommon, as maybe seen in the numerous citations of 
passages where it occurs, made by Mt. (458). Kriig. explains it, e 
duplice dicendi forma, xqsIxtov y.Xixpat xv r] /.ivxea&ai, and dya&bv 
xlixpat xi f.id).).ov 7] pd/to &ai. xov igrj/nov ogovq — xi, some unguard- 
ed part of the mountain. ig^uov, deserted, belongs ad sensum to xi. For 
the construction of ogovq, cf. S. § 177. xltxpai, to secretly get pos- 
session of. dgndoat cp&doavxtq, to anticipate the enemy in 

seizing it. 

12. og&ior, sc. xo>Qi° v ' S. § 167. I'v&sv y.al tv&tv, on this side 

and that, on both sides. t« ngb nodon', what is before him, liter- 
ally, the things before the feet. roa/fla, sc. bdbq. a rough way. 

tvftsvecfxtQa is used tropically in the sense of smoother, more even. 

13. aTtik&elv xooovxov, to go away so far from this place. So Kriig. 
But Weiske, cited approvingly by Schneid., Born., and Pop., under- 
stands fifQoq axgaxsv/Liaxoq with xooovxov, preferring, however, the 
reading xooovxovq. dv in 6' dv poi, belongs to xorjo &ai, and is re- 
peated after igrj^oxtgo), in consequence of the interjected clause, toh'/- 

xrj . . . . ngoqfidXXuv. tori/iiox?Q(>) .... /£>?;<; #cu, that we should find 

the other part of the mountain more deserted. fie'voiev. Repeat 

dv from the preceding clause. 

14. 'Axdg ovtifidXkoftcu, but why do I discourse about theft ? 

bfiotwv, equals, peers. The opoiot, constituted the first class of 

citizens in Sparta, and were opposed to the vnof-ittovtq, inferiors, who 
from birth, degeneracy of manners, or other causes, had undergone 
some kind of civil degradation. Cf. Smith's Gr. and Rom. Antiq. p. 237. 

15. y.al 7iBigdo&s kav&dvtiv, and practise concealment. xov 

ogovq. Cf. S. § 178. 1. nolkdq Ttkrjydq. As the Spartan youth 

were whipped if caught in the act of stealing, so Xenophon pleasant- 
ly warns Chirisophus of the consequences, of being detected by iS€ 
enemy in seizing upon the mountain. 

16. deivovq — ylinxziv xd Srifiooia, skilful in peculating the public 
money. y.al .... xlinxovxi, although the peculator incurs great dan- 
ger. « xovq xgaxtaxovq. Chirisophus humorously repays Xeno- 



Chap. VII.] NOTES. 329 

phon for the oaoi hrh ruv hiiotwv of § 14. — — For the construction of 
i/iip, cf. S. § 200. 1. 

17. y.).o)7To)>'. This epithet was given to them by Xenophon, be- 
cause they followed the Greeks for the sake of plunder (IV. 5. § 12). 

18. iv tw ouoCq), i. e. in a place as elevated as the one the)^ occupy. 

alq to Xaov, i. e. into the plain, where they will contend with us 

on equal footing. 

19. "Alia, rather. l&&ovmoi, voluntarily. Butt. § 123. N. 3. 

22. t/o/ufvov to oooq, that the mountain (i. e. the part of the moun- 
tain to which the detachment was sent) was taken possession of. 

tyoriyoQsoav, were watching (S. § 209. N. 4). On the authority of 
Porson, this reading has been substituted by all the more recent ed- 
itors, for iyorjybgijoar^ found in the MSS. Cf. Butt. Irreg. Verbs, p. 75. 

23. ol 6h, i. e. Aristonymus and his party. Construct xarala- 

fiovxtq with to bgoq, and tTt^oav with y.ara ra ay.ga, referring to the 
heights occupied by the enemy. 

24. bf,iov = lyyi>q. y.ara re: ay.ga here refers to the eminence 

occupied by Aristonymus and his associates, and which they were 
leaving (§ 23) to attack the barbarians upon the eminence, which 
overlooked the main road. Probably these parties met in conflict 

about midway between the two eminences. rovq nollobq, i. e. 

the main bodies of the Greeks and Barbarians. 

25. ol Ik rov 7ts3iov, those in the plain. Cf. N. on I. 2. § 18. ■ 

fiddtjv raxi>, with quick step, gradu pleno. 

26. ol tnl rf\ bdw, i. e. the main body. to avw (sc. pzooq) re- 
fers to/tf'ops <?' avrojv, §24. ov nollnl. The MSS. re&d. with 

two or three exceptions, ol Ttollol. But aside from the nature of 
the contest, which renders it im:;obable that many were slain, the 
emendation ov nollol is justified by the adversative clause, yegga dh 
na^nolla ilt'jcp&tj, which follows. 



CHAPTER VII. 

avay.v/.o fuo pivot -fjaav with the middle 
signification. Mt. § 493. 

2. ngbq .... ly/.w, as soon as he came, attacked it. rj noonti 

that were led to the attack. alia notanbq. The common 

reading is aTtora^bq, which on the authority of Leun., has been 
changed by Zeune and some others to aizorafiov, referring to /ogi'ov. 
But why should it be said of such a place, ov yag ^v aO-gooiq nsqi- 
orijvail 

3. Eiq y.albv, opportunely. /ojotov algsrdor. S. § 162. N. 1. 

28* 



330 NOTES. [Book IV. 

4. ovro) StartO-srai, is thus served. "Apa <J' I'fotff, and at the 

same time he showed. 

5. alio .... Ttaoiivou ; is there any thing which can hinder our 
approach? alio xv r\, literally, what else is there than = is it not 
true. Cf. N. on II. 5. § 10. 

6. (3 alio pe'v ovq, exposed to danger from the stones. artf o.v, 

behind which. 

7. Avxb av — to d/ov fl'»/, this would be the very thing we want. 
'Alia, now then. f'v&sv. See N. on II. 3. § 6 (end). /u- 

XQOV XI, i. e. TO loMoV f]/ilt7ll£&QOV, § 6. 

8. %a& fWj one by one. ixaoxoq yvlaxxo^uvoq. Cf. N. on I. 

8. §27. 

10. fxr^avaxat xi, made use of a kind of stratagem. v<p a), 

under which = behind which. evntxaiq, easily. 

11. xov KallCua/ov a i7toisi = xavxa a b Kallfpa/oq iTtoi'ei. 

vzaoaSodpoi refers to Agasias. /wofT has 6 'Ayaolaq for its subject 

to which ainoq refers. Cf. S. § 144. N. 1. 

12. 7zdvxs q yag olxot v.. x. I. Callimachus, Agasias, and Aristpn- 
ymus are spoken of as rivals, IV. 1. § 27 ; and are probably those to 

whom allusion is made, V. 2. § 11. igf^ovrtq with one another. 

c J2(j yag ana^for when once = as soon as. 

13. ojq q'lyovxa eavxhv. in order to cast himself down, sc. the preci- 
pice. 

14. U) 3\ i. e. the barbarian. 7tdrv bUyoi, very few. . 

15. Ovxoc r\aav y.. x. 1. The order and construction is olxoi r>oav 
alxipoixaxoL m> (i. e. xovxwv ovq) Sifjl&ov. — eiq ^floon;, to close quar- 
ters. &ojgay.aq hvotq. The linen cuirass was commonly used by 

the Asiatics (Cf, Cyr. VI. 4. § 2 ; Plut. Alex.), a defence, much infe- 
rior to the cuirass of metal worn by the Greeks and Romans. — — 

7ixi ovyoxi'. " Sunt loricai partes extreme." Kriig. ioxgafjpira, 

twisted. 

16. av — inogsiorxo, would march about. Cf. N. on av, I. 3. § 19. 

brcoxs i/iisllov, whenever they thought the enemy would see 

them. fitav lby%y\v. The Grecian spear often had at the lower 

end a pointed cap of bronze, which being forced into the ground, the 
weapon was made to stand erect. Cf. Virg. XII. 130. 

18. "Agnaoov. The northern branch of the Arras, now called Ar- 
pa CJiai. 

19. ri'pvtaq is considered by Rennell to be the same with The 
Comasour or Coumbas, a large village situated on the northern bank 
of the Arras, about 35 miles below its source. 

22. oj^d-tjaavj 1 aor. pass, of oXofiat. ytgga — daaimv (lo&v. 



Chap. VIII.] NOTES. 331 

Cf. yegoa, Xtvxbjv fioojv Saasa, V. 4. § 12 ; and more fully, y.ctgpdxivcti 
ns7toir\atvat i/. x<op reoSdoxojv ,5ooj)', IV. 5. § 14. 

23. oi ad Imovxiq, those for the time being coming up = as fast 

as they came up. iizl xox q del fiowrxccq, to those who continued 

shouting. y.al nollw iytyvovro, and the shouting was greater 

as the numbers increased. />ult,6v xi, something greater than of 

ordinary occurrence. 

24. /vat, and so. QdXaxxa. This was the Pontus Euxinus, 

now called the Black Sea. Perkins (Resid. in Persia, p. 100) says 
that he was unable to obtain a view of the Euxine, on any summit he 
crossed within ten or twelve miles from the village of Tekeh, near 

which it is supposed the Greeks crossed the Teches. naqtyyvfiv- 

t(ov to those in the rear, that they should hasten on. 

25. ntou^aU.ov cUA^Aoi'?, they embraced one another. oxov 

Srj naosyyvrioavtosi some one or other suggesting it. Cf. Butt. § 149. 
p. 432.' 

26. xarsTfftvB rot yeyga, in order to prevent their being afterwards 
of service to the enemy. 

27. ana xotvov, from the common stock. 



CHAPTER VIII. 

2. o ooC^oiv. sc. Ttoxapoq. See the preceding section. Si ov 

refers to &)lov noxapov. pikf ov — Si. Mt. (§ 608. p. 1078) says, 

that fitv ov is often found at the end of a proposition followed by 

another with Si. ty.onxov. They cut down these trees in order 

to make temporary bridges. See § 8, infra. 

3. TQi/tvovq, made of hair. — — U&ovq .... Igqtnxovv. By stand- 
ing on these stones thrown into the stream, they hoped to be able to 
reach the Greeks with their missiles. 

5. avtiTtT&xaTou. An Ionic ending for the 3 pers. plur. perf., 
sometimes adopted by Attic writers. Cf. Butt. § 103. IV. 3; Mt. § 204. 
Obs. 1 ; S. § 91. N. 2. 

6. "On y.al vpsiq x. r. L The y.cu after on gives this turn to the 
sentence : because you also wish to be our enemies by coming thus 
against our country. 

9. y.ara (fd).ayya. Cf. N. on IV. 6. § 6. 

10. X6'/ovq oQ&tovq. See N. on IV. 2. § 11. — — xfj p\ v — xr t S$, 
in one place — in another. 

11. inl TtoMohq, with many in fie, i. e. with depth of column. So 
inl bUywv signifies, with few in file, i. e. with an extended line having 



332 NOTES. [Book IV. 

little depth. Cf. N. on I. 2. § 15. Notice the interchange of cases in 
i7il noXXnbq and inl oMyow. Cf. Mt. § 584. # (second paragraph). 

neQiTxevoovoir jj/uoii', will surpass us in extent of line. xdlq 

7teQtrrolq, i. e. the parts of the line outreaching the Greeks. * i de 

7T7j, but if in some part. 

12. oQ&fovq . .. . x?Qdro)i'j that having drawn up our columns in 
separate companies, vie should occupy with these columns so much 
space, that the extreme companies may be beyond the wings of the en- 
emy. diaXmovxaq belongs to bo&Covq xovq X6%ovq. Construe xolq Xo- 
%oiq with y.ataax^iv. S. § 198. oaov — ysvt'o&cti. See N. on IV. 

1. § 5. ol loxarot- Xo/oi is in apposition with rj^dq, the omitted 

subject of iao/ie&a. Cf. N. on III. 1. § 46. 

13. to diaXelnov, the interval between the companies. 

14. ovto(, here. S. § 149. N. 1. xb prj qdr] ttvai. The com- 
mon reading is xov ^ ydr] eh>ai. Both readings are admissible. Cf. 
Mt. § 543. Obs. 3. I'vO-a, i. e. Greece. (o/uovq del xaxarpayzlv 

= we might wholly to destroy. Cf. Horn. II. IV. 35, wpov fopQo')&oiq 

Uqlapov Jlqid^ioib x£ 7taideq. 

18. /farce to *AQxa8ixbv, in the Arcadian division. It appears by 
this, that the Arcadians occupied the centre, while Chirisophus and 
Xenophon with their respective divisions, were upon the right and 
left wing. 

19. ijq^avxo &ilv, sc. ol ntXxaaxat. aXXoq ciXXij. See N. on 

ccXXot aXXo&ev, I. 9. § 13. 

20. ovdhv $&<xv{.iaoav = there was nothing new or strange. 

rojv y.rjoto)v .... otqcitkdtwv, as many of the soldiers as ate of the 

honey-combs (S. § 178). Perkins (Residence in Persia, p. 97) says, 
that " one of the most common bushes of the undergrowth, is that from 
whose flowers this honey is extracted. It is a bush resembling what 

is called in America, honey-suckle" ol iitv bXlyov idsdrjxbxiq, those 

who had eaten little. io&toi has from td<a, the 2 perf. with reduplica- 
tion idrjdoxa. " From I'do) came regularly r\xa ; the reduplication ?<??j- 
xa, would not have been a true one ; the second d therefore, which 
otherwise must have been lost before the termination, was separated 
from the x by the o ; and as xa is a pure termination, this was follow- 
ing the true aualogy." Butt. Lexil. No. 21. p. 140. ocpodqa pt- 

-Q-vavoiv iwxioav (S. § 209. N. 4), were like men very drunk. ol dh 

tioXv. Supply idtjdoy.oteq io.y.toav from the preceding proposition. ^ 

21. wqnzq xqo7rijq y0svij/tifcrjq, as if there had been a defeat. Cf. 

S. § 192. N. 2. djurpl avtcpQovow, almost the same hour, in 

which they had been seized the previous day, they recovered their 
senses, a/xxpl — ■ nov, somewhere about = nearly. 

22. Tgane^ovvxa, Trapezus, now called Trebizond, situated about 



Chap. VIII.] NOTES. 333 

600 miles from Constantinople, on the great highway between Eu- 
rope and Central Asia. xalq twc K6Xx<av xo')pcuq is epexegetical 

of 'Mptav&cc. 

24. 2vvdt,t7ZQdTTovto .... KoXxoif, they negotiated with the Greeks 
in behalf also of the neighboring Colchians. 

25. ixavGi, sufficient in number. nalq ixi.iav,whilea boy. 

ax<t)v, unintentionally. i7TifiskrjO-rjpai depends upon evkovro. 

26. onov sXrj, to the place where he had prepared the course. 

• iv oxXqqip y.al daotl ovro). The wrestlers usually contended on 

ground, that was soft or covered with sand. 

27. ardSiov. The foot-race course at Olympia was just a stadium. 
Hence the word is used to designate not only a measure of length, 
but a race-ground^ foot-race, &c. ■ dolr/ov. The dolr/oq is dif- 
ferently stated at 6, 7, 8, 12, 20, and 24 stadia. Cf. Smith's Diet. 

Gr. and Rom. Antiq. p. 894. > exegoo, sc. ^ywvC'Qovxo. y.axe'prioav 

= entered the lists. 



334 NOTES. [Book V. 



BOOK V. 

CHAPTER I. 

1. oonriQia, thanksgiving sacrifices. 

2. a7Ts(o)jy.a^drj, I have already become tired. The causes of his 
fatigue are denoted in the participles which follow. The xal, which 
accompanies each of these participles, gives emphasis to the enumer- 
ation. navodiuvoq — novmv. Cf. S. §§ 180. 2 : 207. 1. ixta- 

&t\q (1 aor. pass. part, of ixrs Cvoj), stretched out = lying at ease. 

wqTttQ 'Odvootvq. Cf. Odyss. XIII. 116. 

4. Ttf'iinprjre (.is to Anaxibius. He was then at Byzantium. See 
VII. 1. § 3. 

5. Inl nXolct, for ships. Mt. § 586. c. y.aiQoq — noifiv. S. 

§ 221. N. 4. iv rfi fiovjj, during our stay = while we remain here. 

■ orov wvtjao^&a. Cf. N. on III. 1. § 20. 

7. 7ZQovof.ivuq, u regular foraging parties" Belf. aU.o>q, heed- 
lessly. So Hesych. defines ccXXwq ' juarafoq, o>q irvx^v. '^f«s, i. e. 

the generals. 

8. "En roCvvv. now still further. Having gained their assent to his 
first proposition, he goes on tc offer an additional item of advice. — — 

yao, doubtless. • rn-uv .... It-u'vcu = ixeTvov oq {.teXXn i£itvat tlntlv 

qpZy. : d$ y.al o7Toi, and also whither he is about to go. iy 

ovq = rovToiv $q? or?. The plural form of ipmv is referable to the 

collective idea of x(q. 

9. 'Ewotlre fe v.aX too* 5 , consider this also. t« Iks (voir, their 

effects, h.atrwv refers to the Colchians whose forces had been routed 
on the mountains, and whose well-stocked villages the Greeks had 

plundered. Cf. IV. 8. § 19, et. seq. y.axa jut'Qoq, by turns. 

&rjoav, literally, to hunt, to capture, as a hunter his game. But as 
game is often taken by snares, toils, &c, this verb often signifies^fo 
take, or overcome by stratagem. 

10. ojv, i. e. iy.zlvmi a. avxo&tv = from the people in this re- 
gion ■ h af&ovontQoiq, sc. nloloiq, in a greater number of ships. 

11. fiaxga nldlcc, ships of war, literally, long ships, in distinction 



Chap. II.] NOTES. 335 

from the round merchant ships (arooyyvla nXdla), which were better 

adapted to carrying freight than to quick sailing. y.ardyoiittv, we 

should bring into port. rd 7ir\Sd\ia 7iaoa).v6f.ievot, taking away 

the rudders. The nr\8dliov was like an oar with a broad blade, and 
instead of being attached directly to the stern, was placed on one 
side of it. Each ship had commonly two rudders, which, if the ves- 
sel was small, were held by the same steersman. 

12. vavlov ovv&i'o&cu, to agree with them for the freight. In this 
proposal, we see the same regard for the demands of justice, which 
characterized the whole conduct of Xenophon. 

13. rdq bdoiq — bdonoiBlv, to repair the roads. h'xiD.acj &-ai is 

the subject of Sa/.zi. did .... a7taXkayrjrai, through a desire to be 

rid of us. S. §§ 180. 2: 206. 3. 

14. dvexQctyov, they cried out. Iv.oiaaq, voluntarily. cna)- 

Ac*|oj'tou = future passive. S. §207. N. 6. 

15. TttQioixov. For a full and satisfactory account of the position 
in the Spartan state, occupied by the negfrnxot, Periceci, see Smith's 

Diet. Gr. and Rom. Antiq. p. 739. Ovroq .... wxtro, so far from 

collecting (literally, neglecting to collect) ships, he went away. tto- 

XvTiQctyftovwv xi = intermeddling with a certain affair in which he had 
no concern. 

16. rolq di 7t<xQayoiyy\v, they used (i. e. had in readiness for 

using) the ships for transporting the army homeward. 



CHAPTER II. 

1. wars dnnvO-rift-sQ^etv, so as to return the same day. — — Jo0.aq> 

Danville says that this region is now called Keldir. an lv.ru- 

TrrojxoTf q, inasmuch as they had been driven out of. 

2. avrolq refers to the people occupying the region suggested to 
the mind of the reader by bnod-sv. 

3. hnoia .... i^mnodvxiq, the Drilians setting fire to such places 
as they thought pregnable. ^finiTTgdrrfq, pres. act. part, of hm(- 
nqr^ii. For the omission of p in ntim 07^.11, when in composition 
another fi stands before the first syllable of the verb, see S. § 118, 
sub voce 7tffi7t).tjfit. 

5. dvapffikrjfiivr]. The verb dvafiaXXo) signifies to throw up, as 
earth from a ditch. Hence the phrase to throw up a ditch -= to dig a. 
ditch or trench. Cf. Thucyd. IV. 90. § 2. otragoXijq. mound, lit- 
erally, a throwing up, as earth, stones, &c. Upon this bank or 
mound, formed from the earth thrown out of the ditch, sharp stakes 
were driven and other defences erected. o< &, i. e. the enemy. 



336 NOTES. [Book V. 

6. i<p iroq. The place of descent to the ravine was so narrow 

that the soldiers were obliged to pass along one by one. 05 = 

tva. in order that, that. S. § 154. 

8. o)q xojqCov, with the hope of taking the place. On wq, cf. 

N. I. 1. § 10. 

9. anayziv. Repeat xovq 5ia.fi tpr^.oxaq. anodfdtiyjLu'voi, r^av 

== perf. mid. Mt. § 493. y.a/.or, fortunate, successful. 

11. mq aya>vie%o&ou. Opportunity was thus given for the 

daring deeds, which the rivalry of these captains (Cf. IV. 1. § 27 : 7. 
§ 9) would prompt them to perform, on such an occasion as this. 

12. dirjyy.vXoiitei'ovq. Cf. N. on IV. 3. § 28. wq — ax.ovxl'Qfiv 

derjrfor, since it will be necessary to throw the javelins. touxojv 

iTzipeXrj&rvai, = to see that these orders were obeyed. ol agiovv- 

req stvcct,. those icho thought themselves not inferior to these (i. e. 

their leaders). fd]vosiSrjq, curved like the moon, crescent-shaped, 

so that the wings faced each other. 

14. rjoav (5? ol, there were some who. S. § 150. 5. 

15. a)J.oq a).).ov eD.y.B, one drew up another. avafofirixst, with- 
out assistance. ijXor/.st. S. § 205. N. 2. wq *tf6*£t, as they 

thought. 

17. Ov . . . . yero/ufvov, not along time intervening = in a short 

time. ol fAfv T£Tgo}tif'voq, some having the booty which they 

took, and some (not many) being even wounded perhaps (ra/a). xiq 
here = tivsq. 

18. vixwjt .... ojO-oi' a f voi, these within (i.e. ol Tttkraaxctl y.al 
ol xpilol, § 16), being pushed by chose rushing in from without, 
drove back (ny.oZot) the enemy who were sallying forth. Dind. 
reads ol dqo)&oi\utvoi. This would make xovq ly.ntnxovxaq refer to 
the Greeks who were retreating from the fort. 

19. Ihx-optaavTo, sc. avxd. Mt. § 428. 2 ; Butt. § 131. 5. £& 

<ir\v uxosiv q>£Qovaa.V) leading (a tropical use of q>tgo)) to the citadel. 

20. olov t tin. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 17. ovtm. (i. e. if they took 

the citadel) is opposed to akktoq. narxdnaaiv avdkonov, in all res- 
pects impregnable. 

21. acpoSov, retreat. ■ Tor.? ^v oxcevgovq, v.. r. A. They took 

away the stakes, each in front of himself (y.a&- 3 avxovq), in order to 

facilitate the egress of the army. rovq a/gttovq, the disabled for 

fighting. These with the greater part of the bnXlxai were sent for- 
ward, while a few of the bravest remained behind to cover the re- 
treat. 

22. inl xccq oly.laq. The flat roofs of eastern houses furnished 
great facilities for doing injury to an enemy in the streets below. 



Chap. III.] NOTES. 337 

23. cpofoga.. An epithet, which might well be applied to a night 
spent by the Greeks in such a place. 

24. otov S'rj. Cf. N. on IV. 7. § 25. — - iv dah$ = Inl ds^d. Cf. 
VI. 4. § 1. See also Butt. Lexil. No. 49. 

25. TTJq rv/^q, casu quodam, is here opposed to n gov oca, forethought 
previous calculation. 

26. oxopa, the front. 1'fw — rwy fiel.wv, old of reach of the 

enemy's weapons. dfupl xavxa i%otev, might be employed about 

these things, i. e. the fires which were consuming their dwellings. 

28. Tzgavtjq ydg \v y.al axev\\. A hill overhangs Trebizond called 
Bas Tepeh, i. e. Azure Hill. xpevdsvSgav, a false ambuscade. 

29. 7tgoqs7Toialro kav&drsiv, pretended to be trying to escape 

the notice of the enemy, xovq 7to?.s^vovq depends on ).av&dveiv. S. 
§163.2. 

30. ojq ivdSgav olaav, as though it were a real ambuscade. Cf. N. 

on I. 1. § 2. vTltXTilv&hoU) SC. xovq"E).krjvaq. 

31. aMoxeo&ou ydg tyaaav xw Sgoico). Portus with the approbation 
of Schneid. and Poppo, gives to tyaaav the sense of av ojovxo. But the 
context shows, that the idea of speaking, relating, is to be retained in 
the verb. Kriig. explains it: I'paoav (on their return to the camp) : 
fjXiaxofitO-a (a^) zw Sgofiq), the protasis el fii] i^srcfaofuv ix xr\q odov 
being omitted. Cf. S. § 213. N. 3. 

32. Ixl Ttoda, backwards. A military expression. 



CHAPTER III. 

1. riq fiev ret TtloTa is opposed to ol 6k allot i7togsvovxo, sc. Ttelfj. 
The arrangement is slightly confused. 

2. Ktgaaovvxa. Kerason, as the ancient Cerasus is now called, 
lies S. W. of Trebizond. JSivaniav dnoixov, a Sinopian colony. 

3. iv rdlq oTiloiq, sc. 7tdvro)v (fully written, Cyr. II. 4. § 1), of all 

inarms. {Tft? "is used," says Mt. (§617. 1. /), " elliptically 

without a verb for the simple xlq &c 3 only with an expression of 
doubt" 

4. §Lala,[jipdvovGL ysvoftevov, they divided the money raised 

from the sale of captives. Su'lafiov .... -O-sotq, and the generals 

took each a part, to keep for the gods (i. e. Apollo and Diana). <pv- 
Idxxtiv depends upon SUlapov. S. § 219. 2. 

5. avd&rjua, a votive offering. Persons frequently testified their 
gratitude to the gods for some deliverance, by anathemaia, consisting 
of shields, chaplets, golden chains, candlesticks, &c. -O-riQavgov, 

29 



338 NOTES. [Book V. 

depository. The d-yoavgot at the temple Delphi, contained the pre- 
sents or dedications of the nation or tribe, expressed by the adnomi- 
nal genitive. See Herod, 'passim. 

6. d di xt Tzd&oi = if he should die. By a similar euphemism we 
say, ' if any thing should befall me ;' •' if I should never return.' 

7. I'yvyev. Laertius says that Xenophon was banished inl Aa- 
xwviofio), i. e. on account of his alleged adherence to the Lacedaemo- 
nian interests. Sy.illovvxv, Scillus in Elis, where Xenophon com- 
posed most of his literary productions. -d-eug^aar, in order to see 

the games. aveilsy, sc. wvalo&ou from the preceding clause. 

6 -&toq, i. e. Apollo. 

8. 7tdvroiV bnooa iaxlv dygev6f,isra -O-rigta = ndvxotv twv -&tjgtojv 
bnooa dygavovxai, (are usually hunted). 

9. dty.axzvoiv, consecrating a tenth part. o)gdla=iy.elra a at wqca 

cpvovoiv. 

11. fi . . . . 7toQ£vovrcu, where they go from Lacedcemon to Olympia 

= on the road that leads from, &c. "En = I'vtoxi. S. § 226. N. 

2. dXof} /utoxd. The Greeks cultivated their sacred groves 

with much care, although ornamental horticulture seems not to have 
received much attention from them, probably owing to the small num- 
ber of flowers, with which they were acquainted. Cf. Smith's Diet. 
Gr. and Rom. Antiq. p. 489. 

12. 7}f.ifQ0)v, cultivated, bearing fruit. dtrdgow depends upon 

iyvxtv&t}. S. o 181. 2. ooa iatl towxtoc wgaZa, such as when ripe 

may be eaten raw, viz. apples, nuts, &c. 

13. TON AE EXONTA — KATAQYEIN. S. § 219. N. 7. 



CHAPTER IV. 

2. Moaavvotacav, of the Mossynaicians, literally, dwellers in wooden 

towers (/uooovv, a wooden tower, oir.aoi, to dwell). rig aixovq. See N. 

on I. 3. § 5. ng6£avov. The proxenus was a person, who officially 

watched over the interests of all persons coming from the state con- 
nected by hospitality. The office was very similar to that of a mod- 
ern consul or minister-resident. Cf. Smith's Diet. Gr. and Rom. An- 
tiq. p. 491. oxv oh dir\ooi£v (3 pers. plur. fut. opt. of &%«), that 

they would not permit the Greeks to pass through. 

3. avxolq refers to the Mossynoecians who were hostile to the 

Greeks. ot ix xov im'xaiva (i. e. in iv.aiva, S. § 124. N.), they 

who dwelt beyond these. ly.alvovq, i. e. the more remote Mossynoe- 
cians. e i fiovXoivxo. Cf. N. on IV. 1. § 8. 



Chap. IV.] NOTES. 339 

5. diaao)&r\vai Ttghq xov 'EXXdda, to reach Greece in safety. 

oltoc refers to the hostile Mossynoecians. 

• 7. El Si Ttftdq df^osxe, bat if you send us away, i. e. reject our 

proposal. 

9. xQ^ a<xa&oi h sc * Vi u ~ LV elicited from the preceding tjuoZv. xo 

olot Tf iato&t, in what will you be able. 

10. oTt here introduces a direct quotation. S. § 228. I* xov 

inl &dxtga (i. e. xa ixsga), on the other side. 

11. 'Enl xovroiq, upon these conditions. fiovo^vXa, canoes. 

12. wqTzsg ol y.ogol, as bands of dancers. avxioxor/ovvxtq aXXrfr 

Xoiq, drawn up in rows facing one another. ytgoa — XevxoZv pooiv 

daoda, shields made of the hides of white oxen with the hair on. Cf. 
N. on I. 8. § 9 ; IV. 7. § 22. 

13. 7id%oq .... oxgcjijaxodtaiiov, about the thickness of a linen sack, 
in which bed-clothes are packed. These sacks were often made of 

leather. y.gotfvXov, a tuft of hair drawn up from all sides of the 

head, and fastened in a bow at the top. oaydgecq, double-edged 

battle-axes. 

14. iv gv&pw, in time. iTn/ua/o'rtaxov, very easy to be taken. 

15. xo dy.g6xa.xov, " castellum in celsissimo loco situmP Kriig. 

6 nol.f/Lioq r\v among the Mossynoecians. ol ydg dtl xovr f/nv- 

xtq,for those who, for the time being, were in possession of this. Cf. 
N. on III. 2. § 31. y.oivov .... Ttltow/.xziv, by seizing on what be- 
longed to them in common, they (i. e. the Mossynoecians hostile to the 
Greeks) had obtained the ascendency. 

18. xewq, as yet, i. e. up to the time designated by Iml in the next 

clause. iy.doauovxeq xgt'rtovxcu, avxovq, sallying forth put them 

to flight. The issue of this engagement was what might have been 
expected from so ill-concerted an attack. 

17. v6[io) xivl, a certain measure. 

18. pdk' ovxtq av/vot. The flight of so many Greeks rendered the 
defeat still more disgraceful. 

19. xov y.ay.ov. S. § 186. 1. ytye'vyxai. S. § 209. N. 4. 

20. xo) ovxi, in reality. — — — y.al ?]/iiaq dvdyy.rj, sc. noXtfiCovq tlvav 
from the preceding clause. — — xavxd, the same things. S. § 144. 3. 

a7ttg after xavxd may be rendered as. r\xxov .... d7to).ttipov- 

xai, they will be less disposed to leave our lines, xdtjeojq here refers to * 
the army drawn up in a regular order of battle. 

21. y.al oxe, as when. S. § 228. N. 3. 

22. inn ixaXXtsg^aavro, when they had offered a sacrifice attended 
with favorable omens. y.axd xavxd, in the same order, i. e. in col- 
umns. v7ToXst7tofisvovq •/.. x. ).., but a little behind the front. 

23. dviaxsXXov, attempted to drive back. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 1. 



340 NOTES. [Book V. 

24. Tovq [i\v ovv x. t. X. Buttmann (§ 137. 4) cites thispassage to 
exemplify the use of the imperfect alternately with the aorist, whenever 
the fact narrated is to be represented as having had some duration, i 

26. (fvldttovaiv is Brunck's emendation, of which Kriiger says ? 
" justo andacior est." It is however approved by Porson, Dindorf, 
and Bornemann. The common reading is yvXdxxovxa, with which 
it is usual to supply to x<»q(ov. The reading suggested by Brunck 
refers to what Pomp. Mela I. 19. says, that the M ossyncecians elect 
their king, and having closely confined him in a wooden tower, pun- 
ish him for any misconduct by withholding his daily food. ovSh 

ot. Kriig. reads ovdk 6 referring to some inferior ruler, who was in 
the place first taken. 

27. ■&qoavQovq, store-rooms, cells. — ■ — v^v^iiviav, perf. pass. part. 

of veu), to heap up. Cf. Butt. Irreg. Verbs, p. 180. ovv tjj xaXdfir}. 

So we say, \ grain in the sheaf/ 

29. Kdova — xk nXaxea ovx t'x orra dictcpvqv ovdtfxtav, i. e. chesnuts. 
- Tovxo) refers to xdova, and is put in the singular by a kind oi 
attraction with otxw. xcu tiXUqxm otxw = as the most usual arti- 
cle of food. xeoaar&ei;, being mixed, i. e. diluted with water. 

30. tiq xo tzqooo). See N. on I. 3. § 1. 

31. arafiooivxiov .... nofaojq. Credat Judceus Apella. 

32. xo)V tvdaifiovojv = x<av 7rXovoio)xdx(ov. ov noXXov .... eh'at, 

almost equal in thickness and length = nearly as broad as they were 

long. hxtypfvovq dvO-ifxiov, marked (i. e. tattooed) with flowers. 

Such is the usual method of interpreting this passage. " Mini vera 
videtur vulgaris interpretation Kriig. For the construction oi'dv&t- 
fivov, see S. §§ 165. 1 : 206. 3. 

33. ixafocti'q alq by attraction for Ixataaiq dq. What a revolting 
picture is here furnished of a savage state of society. 

34. dnzo av. Supply from the context Ttot^osiav av&oojTtoi. 



CHAPTER V. 

2. nolv %v TTtSivonfQa than the country through which the Greeks 
had previously passed. ovy&ijvat xi, might derive some advan- 
tage = might obtain some booty, ovao&cu is the more usual form. 
Cf. Butt. Irreg. Verbs, p. 189. 

3. oxi .. . . noXtpoV) that the gods by no means permitted the war. 
- anoCxovq refers to noXtxaq implied in noXiv. Cf. N. on II 1. § 6. 

4. Mf'xQiq ivxav&a, thus far. Inzfyvatv, travelled on foot. 

iv BapvXwvi, i. e. in Babylonia. a*"* 1 ??* Cf. N. on II. 2. § 6 



Chap. V.] NOTES. 341 

a/Qt rfq. So we have I'axs irtl, IV. 5. § 6 ; fifyQ 1 * *k> VI. 4. § 26. — 
xgovov nXij&oq, space of time. 

5. dywvaq yvpvHcovq. The persons who engaged in these gymnic 
games, were either entirely naked, or covered only with the short xtxwv* 

7. xe before TtoXewq corresponds with xat in y.aX ntql xr\q jwoas. 

I'qpf oov. Notice the change of subject from tj noXiq to ol noXlxai, 

Suvbq — Xdyeiv. See N. on II. 5. § 15. 

8. re after inat-veaovraq is in correspondence with l^ma Sh in the 

next member. ovvrja&tjoofis'vovq, to congratulate you. Sia rtoX- 

Xwv — oto(0<7fi£voi, having been preserved through (=from) many, &c. 
For the use of Sid, cf. Tittmann on the Greek Prep., Bib. Repos. Vol. 
III. p. 50. 

10. Sib, for Si o, wherefore. Butt. § 115. N. 5. 

11. v/idq — IvCovq = Vfiuiv Irtovq. Mt. § 319. 

12. Tavr ovv ova a&ovj/ev, now we think that these things are un- 
becoming, ovx agiow = dvd£iov n tlval ftjfii. Mt. § 608. 1. — — (f(r 
Xov noinad-ai est sibi alicujus amicitiam conciliare, at tplXov noulv est 
alteri alicujus amicitiam conciliare.'''' Zeune. 

13. Into, for, in behalf of. - — dyanuivxeq, contented. 

14. avfr* &v. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 4. xiq — xovxoiv. See N. on 

I. 4. § 8. 

15. bnoUiv nvojv i]ii&v trv/ov, what kind of men they found us to 
be. Cf. Mt. § 328. 5. 

16. Construct av before IX&ovxtq with ixw/tev. — — av xe — av xt, 
whether — or. • oix vfigti, not from wantonness. 

17. yofaQobq, fearful to be encountered. 

18. xmv Iv.dviav, of those things which were theirs, itttvav depends 
upon xmv. Cf. Mt. § 380. Obs. 2. 

19. KoTvojohaq. It is usual to explain this accusative by quod at- 
tinet ad, as it respects the Cotyorians. But Matthiae (§ 427. Obs. 3) 
regards such accusatives, as resulting from the interruption^of the 
proposition by a parenthesis, after which it is resumed with a differ- 
ent construction. With this explanation, Born, in his note on this 
passage substantially concurs. Cf. Mt. §631. 1. The best and 
most simple solution, however, is to regard Koxvugixaq as put in the 
accusative by attraction with its relative ovq. 

20. "O S$ Xiyuq, as to what you say. Cf. Mt 478. - — — avtyyov. 
S. § 80. N. 3. t« lavxoiv SanavoivTeq, being at their own charges. 

21. Ol Sh aXXoi is in apposition with rjfielq, the omitted subject of 
oxTjvovptv. vnalO-qioi, in the open air. 

22. "A Sh t}7teCXrjaaq refers to what is detailed in § 12, supra.- <pl- 

Xov 7ioiqoofiev. The difficulty suggested by the criticism of Zeune 



342 NOTES. [Book V. 

(See N. on § 12, supra), may be avoided by constructing xjfiiv with 

this clause. So Born, and Poppo. xbv llaylayova, i. e. Corylas, 

who at that time governed Paphlagonia. Cf. VI. 1. § 2. 

24. rolq rfqrjfievoit;, sc. vn ccvxov. ■ xovq iv&ddt, i. e. the Coty- 

orians. 

25. inixrjSsia, things of mutual interest, of advantage to both par- 
ties. xd xe aD.a y.aX, especially, literally, among other things. 

Butt. § 150. p. 436. 



CHAPTER VI. 

1. Tts^rj, by land, opposed to y.axd. &dlaxxav. ifinnqoi, acquaint- 
ed with. ixavol — 7Ta,Qaoxti>v, able to furnish. 

2. "EXXrjvaq ovxaq"EXlrjat. Cf. S. § 232. "ElXrjai depends upon tv- 

vovi;. xovxo) refers to t£ . . . . avfifiovXtinv, by being friendly to the 

Greeks and giving them the best advice. 

3. oxv oi'x tinot,, that he did not say, that they would make 

war (S. § 192. N. 2) upon the Greeks. Qbv, while it was in their 

power. S. § 168. N. 2. 

4. noXXd nov xdya&a. yevocxo, may many good things be to me = 

may I be prospered. avxrj yctq .... naqtivcu, u i. e. tanti momenti 

res agitur ut nunc potissimum illud Isqbv rj avft.fioi.rj cogitandum esse 
videatur." Knig. 

5. rjfiaq .... noofeiv, for we shall be under the necessity of furnish- 
ing you with ships. rjv — axtXXrja&t, if you set out. For citations 

in proof of this sense of the passive oxe'XXofiai, see Carmichael Gr. 
Verbs, p. 264. 

6. Xt y.xt'a a yiyvtooxo) = del fit Xtyuv iy.hlva a ytyvo'jay.o). 

7. rj fj, than where. xd yJqaxa, the horns, i. e. the points or 

projections of the mountain. xqaxelv, to defend. > ol 7tdvxsq 

civ&owfoi, all the men everywhere, or as we say, all the men in the 
world. On the force of the article before ndvxtq, cf. Mt. § 266. 

8. Inntiav. The Paphlagonians were distinguished for their skill 
in horsemanship, and for their excellent cavalry. On these plains, to 
which Hecatonymus refers, cavalry could act to great advantage. 
fiil'Qov tpqovii, is too haughty to obey the summons of the king. 

9. OfQftoiSovxa. On the banks of this river now called Thermeh, 

the Amazons were located by the poets. aXXoiq xa y.al, especially^ 

z Iqiv. This river is now called Yeshil Irmak. "AXw. The 

Halys, now called Kizzil Irmak, like the Thermodon and Iris, rises in 
the mountains of Armenia, and after flowing westerly a considerable 
distance, takes a north-easterly direction and empties into the Euxine. 



Chap. VI.] NOTES. 343 

jg & avrojq = ojqavrox; 6h. 6 TlaQ&tvioq. The Greeks de- 
rive the name of this river, from the fondness of Diana to hunt along 
its banks. 

10. ov xaUnr\v, not difficult merely. So Cicero Arch. Poet. 4. 8. 
" qui se non opinari, sed scire," &c. 

11. 01 Si oi%. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 5. 

12. ovroi S' l'x*h but it is thus, i. e. on this condition. el de . . . 

y.atalelxpeod-cu (= yaraXeKpO-^oead-ai. S. §207. N. 6), but if some of 
us are to be left behind, 

13. iv avdganodon' y.woa, in the situation of slaves = we shall be 
reduced to servitude. 

15. iy.arobq, skilful, well-disciplined. ovy. av an bUywv /grjfid- 

rojv, not at small expense = not without great expense. xooavxij 

Svraiuq, so great a force as the one now there, viz., the Greek army. 

avrfi refers to Zevoy&vxi, which is separated by intervening 

clauses from iSoy.ei upon which it depends. noltv y.axoiy.laavxaq^ 

having founded a city. From the expression lafiovxaq 7i6Uv, § 30, 
infra, it would seem that Xenophon had in mind the occupation and 
enlargement of some city then existing, perhaps Cotyora. 

16. avrujv refers to the Greek army, xovq negioixovvxaq, to the 
Greeks living in Pontus. 

17. kavxw is annexed to negmoir\aaa&ai for the sake of emphasis. 
S. § 207. N. 3. The perfidy of Silanus arose, not from love of coun- 
try or friends, but from a mean desire to display his wealth in Greece, 
in which he would have been disappointed, had the army remained 
on the shores of the Euxine. 

18. &v6(iivoq Kvqw, i. e. offering sacrifice in the name of Cyrus. 

19. rdlq tie TtoXldlq, to the greater part. oxv — oxt. This rep- 
etition results from the intervening clause. ■ y.avSwevaei pslvcu, 

would be in danger of remaining = it was to be feared that xoaaixr\ 

dvvapiq would remain. fiovUvsrcu yag x. x. A. Notice the change 

to the oratio recta. 

20. anogovq ovxaq — *y,uv, being at loss how to obtain. X^gctq 

to which oly.ovftirTjq belongs, depends on ly.Xet-dfievoi. S. § 178. 2. 
nXoXa dh commences the apodosis. 

21. avtcc rat too, i. e. the things reported by ol tpnogoi. on<aq 

ixnXeiaei. The future more commonly follows onwq. See Mt. § 519. 
p. 885. 

22. nqoqeyeiv (sc. xov vovv) /novfj, to think of staying. xivaq 

&veo&ai. The plural is used in order to give indirectness to the 
charge against Xenophon. 

23. vovixr\vtaq, the new moon, literally, new month (ve'oq, ^r\v). The 



344 NOTES. [Book V. 

Greeks began the month with the day, on the evening of which the 
new moon first appeared. Hence vovprjrfa was the name given to the 
first day of the month. Cf. Smith's Diet. Gr. and Rom. Antiq. p. 175. 

Kvfyy.rji'ov. The Cyzicene stater was a gold coin = 28 Attic 

drachma? (= $4. 926. See N. on I. 4. § 13) or 180 grains, although 
none of the existing coins of that name come up to this weight. Cf. 

Smith's Diet. Gr. and Rom. Antiq. p. 896. vndqhi vpm Cf. N. 

on I. 1. § 4. 

24. dia to iy.sl&tv thai, because lam from those parts. 

25. iv) povXofievo) is in apposition with avxdlq. 

26. wqrs ixmhlvj on condition that the army sailed away, wqxs = 

i(p 0)Xf. 

27. Idta, privately. ^r\ y.oivovfuvov rfj axgccxia. This asser- 
tion by the negative of what is affirmed in Ulq, makes Krug. doubt 
the genuineness of these words. But the repetition of a sentiment in 
an affirmative and negative form, is often done for the sake of em- 
phasis or perspicuity. Cf. Mt. § 636 (end). 

28. 7j . .. . nqdy^axoq, or in no respect whatever to touch the affair, 
as we say, to have nothing to do with the thing. 

29. to per fieytatov. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 10. aTtetQov ovta, sc. 

tiav leQbiv. 

30. ay ov av ytroiro, whence it might be=how it might be brought 
to pass. — — vfiaq — rov f,ihv (3ovX6[is)>ov = v/,mv xov [itv (2ovX6{i£Vov. 
Cf. N. on V. 5. § 11. 

31. avSgaq, i. e. Timasion and Thorax. iv&a, i. e. Greece. 

32. y.ara [uxqa, in small bands. #ce/ooj'T*s. " Where ^ce/ofiv 

signifies to escape with impunity, its participle is generally used.' 5 
Vig. p. 110. 

33. nva is bracketed by Dind. in his lesser edition. " Ineptum 
tivct non dubitare ejicere." Krtig. 

35. xa <?£ xQV! it ' ctra limits Ixptvopivot, yoav. S. § 167 rrjq [tio&o- 

(pogciq is put by Hutch, and Weiske, in dependence upon t« xQripcixtx, 
but Kriig. suspects, that it has crept into the text by way of explana- 
tion. 



CHAPTER VII. 

1. avsTtv&oito, received intelligence, as we familiarly say, got 
wind of what was going on (nQaxxo/ufva). 

2. ovkXoyoi lytyvovxo, were collected in groups. oxM.oyoi is used 
of seditious gatherings, in which plans of action are discussed and 



Chap. VII.] NOTES. 345 

matured. Cf. Thucyd. III. 27. § 3. — xixXot, avvtatavxo, were 

standing in circles, the usual way in which persons group together 

to talk of real or supposed wrongs. v.al rjoav, and they excited 

in Xenophon great apprehension. ctyogavopovq. The duties of 

these functionaries corresponded in some degree to those of the Ro- 
man adiles. They had the inspection of the market, including the 
things sold there, (with the exception of corn, which was under the 
jurisdiction of the otroyvXaxsq,) with the care of all the temples, foun- 
tains, &c, in the immediate vicinity of the market place. Cf. Smith's 
Diet. Gr. and Rom. Antiq. p. 24. 

3. ayooctv = ixxXr\aCav. 

4. on tild-ov agog avtbv = that they were the authors of the pro- 
ject complained of by the soldiers. 

5. [is XXw, have it in mind, Cf. Cyr. I. 4. § 16. ovrwq .... 

cL^tov =. punish them as they deserve. 

6. rovro limits i^anatrinav (S. § 167), and refers to wq r\Xioq x. r. X. 

7. wq 'EXXdSa, how favorable is the navigation (i. e. the wind 

for sailing) into Greece. 

8. 'AXXct, yaq .... fffpifiw. The ellipsis may thus be supplied : 
But it may be objected, that I can still deceive you, for, waiting 

a while, / shall cause you to embark when there is a calm Ouxovv, 

therefore. Herm. ad Vig. p. 794 remarks : ovxovv est ergo sine inter- 
rogatione ; ovxow, 1. non ergo, 2. non sane, 3. nonne ergo ? 4. nonne ? 

9. Tloidi 6' vpaq — r\y.fir, but I will suppose you to have come (S. 

§ 209. N. 2). xal St\ xal, grant that even. " xal Sr\ is employed 

in stating something for the sake of argument." Vig. p. 198. XL 
But Matthias (§ 510. 7) has cited examples, which show that this hy- 
pothetical power resides in the indicative. q ovrm — (iovXofisvoq, 

than by thus forming plans. 

10. IlaQtrjfii, I resign. — aQx~4*a: He seems to have Thorax 

in view. 

11. 'AXXa yaQ. Cf. N. on III. 2. § 26. ■ ravrct refers to the 

charge against Xenophon spoken of, § 5, supra. 

12. "Orav i'xqtti i- e - when you are satisfied in respect to these 

things. ■ olov vnodzlxvvoiv, such as it foreshows itself. S. §205. 

N. 1. 

13. artsX&siv. Dindorf reads anriX&ov. But the construction, <?o- 
xovat $s' [tot — anriX&ov is so harsh, that it seems best, with Poppo 
and Kriiger, to adopt cltcsX&sIv as the true reading. 

14. vo[iCC,siv, SC. rovq Ivotxovvraq. 

16. tifis'ga ysvofis'vt], the day coming on. • Ioxvqwv xotkhv, i. e. 

the mountains. See §13, supra. 



346 NOTES. [Book V. 

17. fi. Supply iv from iv rfj fipiaq. The relative is found with- 
out the preposition, when it refers to a noun or pronoun, with which 

the proposition is joined. Cf. Mt. § 595. 4. oitzw avr\yp£voi, not 

yet having got under weigh. 

18. oqielq Xeyav, i'cpaoav — ijdeo&al rs alrovq. " I know no other 
example of this, (i. e. the personal pronoun in the nominative before 
the infinitive,) than the case where two infinitives with different sub- 
jects are dependent on the same verb, of which one only has the same 

subject with the first verb." Butt. § 142. 4. N. 3. alrovq refers 

to TQfZq civdoaq (§ 17), and is the subject ofxslevjuv, which verb is con- 
nected by v.al to ijdeo&a( re y.al /neXXtiv, and depends upon I'cpaoav. 
Poppo however, suspects that avrovq stands for qftaq avroiq, i. e. the 

Greeks. rovq rovrov dsoptvovq, those who wish this, i. e. to bury 

their slain. 

19. trv/ov .... Ksqaaovvn, happened to be still in Kerasus. 

21. 2vyy.a fry p trot, while we were sitting together in consultation. 
Cf. Thucyd. V. 55. § 1. 

22. o>q av . . .. nqayfia, inasmuch as they had seen what took place 
among them, i. e. the death of their countrymen spoken of § 19, supra. 
The idea is that they were frightened, because they had just witness- 
ed a similar scene. 

25. invtyero, " was near drowning? Belfour. 

26. roiavra is in the predicate. 

27. Xenophon now shows the sad effects, which would result from 
such insubordination. rdv nooq v/.idq i6rri»r as ambassadors. 

28. iv ovfefua %mga == without authority. yy iyevtro, if 

there be those, who will render him, the obedience, which just now (i. e. 
when the mob collected) was given. 

29. vptiv. S. § 197. Notes 1, 4. SiantTtqdxaaiv. S. § 205. N. 

3. av&alotrot (avroq, alotofiai), self-chosen. 

30. oupiy.veio&at is the subject of zlvai. rovrovq refers to vs- 

y.Qovq. Cf. N. on rovro ,111. 2. § 20. y.r\Qvxlw, the caduceus, a staff 

or mace borne by heralds and ambassadors in the time of war. ovv 
xrjqvyJo) = a caduceator being sent. Similar to this is our modern 
expression, c to send under a flag of truce.' 

31. IdXXa npiels y.. r. X., but we (thinking that no one would willing- 
ly undertake the embassy) have requested, &c. roc ... . onqvovv. 

and endeavor to pitch his tent on strongly fortified and advantageous 
places, i. e. take every precaution to defend himself against the vio^, 
lence of a mob. 

32. r\8£u)q, with gladness such as results from a hope of acceptance. 

33. ra [.ityiora, things of the greatest moment, i. e. good faith to- 



Chap. VIII.] NOTES. 347 

wards heralds, a just regard for the rights of others, &c. 0(> dk 

d'r]. Dind., Born., and Pop., translate ov, ubi, referring to Greece. 
Cf. VI. 6. § 16. But Kriig. makes ov a pronoun referring to tnatvov, 
and after Lion adopts the order : xtq dv ^udq — inaiveotis xbv Xnaivov 
ov ndvxwv oiofitO-a TsvZto&at. This is forced, and unnatural. Ren- 
der the passage : being such (i. e. so lawless), who would bestow 
praise upon us, where (i. e. in Greece) we hope to be praised by all ? 



CHAPTER VIII. 

1. Slxny vrtoox&v, should be tried. xqovov. S. § 187. 1. 

&(p).8 (2 aor. of ocpXiojidvu)) pvaq, was fined for negligently guard- 
ing the cargoes of the transport-ships (V. 1. § 16) the deficit, 20 mince. 
For the construction of r% <pi>X<xrXTJq, which, Kriig. rightly translates 
secors custodia, see S. § 187. 1. xgtjudrojv depends on <pvXaxrjq. xo 
fiei'mfia, with which pvaq is in apposition, follows wcpXe, and refers 
to the deficiency in the cargoes, resulting from the negligence of 

those, who kept guard over them. dgxwv of the ships (V. 3. § 1). 

xttr^fii'Xii. Sturz supplies rrjq ctgxfjq, in the sense ofmumcs, duty. 

(pdrrxoprtq, asserting. On the use of cpdoxou cf. Butt. § 109. I. 2; 

Mt. § 215. 2. 

2. Xfgavra has rtov xal Inlrji] for its object. ■ xo~> gtyei. Cf IV. 

4. § 11. 

3. 6<pQatvso&at. This expression shows the extreme scarcity of 

the article. olq . . . • iyftyveo&tit, who are said to be insensible to 

fatigue, on account of their viciousness. Xenophon means to say, 
that if unmoved by the dreadful sufferings of the soldiers, he was 
abusive and insolent, he must have evinced a viciousness unsurpassed 

by that of the ass, which no amount of labor could subdue. pe&v- 

w 7tagojvT\ria ; did I abuse you when I was intoxicated? This does 
not imply that Xenophon was ever guilty of drunkenness, any more 
than the previous interrogatory proves him to have been addicted to 
paederasty. 

5. ai btzhxBvoi = d zlr\ hnXtx-riq. 

6. 3 H dndywv ; are you the man, who was carrying a sick 

person ? 

7. vial yag d£iov,for now it is worth while. 

8. xax£fot7Ttxo, was on the point of being left behind. S. §210. 

£J. 1. xoaovxov = XOOOVXOV flOVOV. 

9. Svvsfrj, assented to. ngovyrsftxpct by crasis for ngotiteuiprx. 

1C. 'Onooa yt fiovtexat, is a phrase of indifference =just as he 



348 NOTES. [Book V. 

pleases. 'Evxav&a .... h'yeiq — it is true, as you say, that then 

I struck you. ilSoxt, ioixe'vcu, to appear like one who knew. 

11. t\xxovxi ant&avtv, literally, did he any the less die, i. e. nothing 
was gained by this trouble, since after all the man died. 

12. oMyaq, sc. 7tXr]ydq, few blows, i. e. less than he deserved. 

13. oaoiq .... riQxt i, as many as were content to be saved. iov- 

rwv xal pax of.iiVh)v. Matthise (§ 556. Obs. 3) refers these participles 
to Ifiag, the change of case resulting from a kind of anacoluthon. 
Perhaps it is better to regard them as gen. absolutes, thrown in for the 

sake of giving emphasis to the thought. Cf. Mt. § 561. inoiov- 

(,ibv. S. § 210. N. 2. a7zojX6f,i£&a. The aorist here confines the 

result to a single case = (each time that we did thus) we should have 
all been destroyed. See Mt. § 508. b (end). 

14. y.a&it,6[uvoq av/vov xqovov, having sat a considerable time. On 
this aoristic use of xa&t%6/ievoq. cf. Butt. § 144. p. 277 ; also Butt. 

Irreg. Verbs, p. 130. y.axipa&ov dvaoxdq fioXiq I perceived that I 

could scarcely rise. When the participle, after verbs of knowing, 
hearing, seeing, &c, has the same subject as that of the verb, it is. 
put in the nominative (Butt. § 144. 4 ; Mt. § 548) ; and if it denotes 
an action, coinciding in time with the finite verb and completed along 
with it, the participle is in the same tense. Mt. § 559. p. 975. 

15. vyq6xr\xa, suppleness, flexibility of the limbs. xb d± y.a- 

<&ija&cu Sav.xvlovq, but I saw, that sitting down and remaining still. 

produced congealment of the blood and rotting off of the toes. 

17. Kal yaq olv. Cf. N. on I. 9. § 8. naqa rb dtxatov, contra- 
ry to what is just, unjustly. xl pfya lappdvetr, what injury so 

great coidd they have suffered, as that they could hope to obtain satis- 
faction for it? aitXovq, simple, ingenuous, when used of an ora- 
tion is opposed SinXovq, double, artificial, ambiguous. 

19. iv Bvdta (ev, Jioq), in fine weather = free from perils and 
hardships. 

20. &dXaxxa ptydXr\ (= magnum mare, Lucret. II. 554), a high 

sea, swelling waves. vtvpaxoq povov = the last departure from 

duty. 7iQojgavq. This officer who was next in rank to the helms- 
man, commanded in the prow, and had the oversight of the rowers. 

. y.vptQvrjxiiq. He had the chief management of the ship, and sat 

as helmsman, on an elevated seat in the stern. iv xw xotovxo), at 

such a time. For the use of the article, see Mt. § 265. 7. 

21. i'xovxtq %lq>r\ ov \pr\(povq, i. e. not being restricted to the mere 
declaration of opinion, but having ample means to punish Xenophon 
for ill-timed or excessive severity. 

22. i^ovatav, license. vfiqCQuv iwvxsq avxov^ by permitting them, 



Chap. VIII.] NOTES. 349 

to be insolent. rovq avxovq v^Qtarordrovq, you will find that 

the same persons, who were then most remiss, are now the most inso- 
lent. 

23. ditfictxtto .... (pt'otiv, refused to carry his shield under pre- 
tence of sickness. For the construction of dit^idxtro — ^,rj (pigtiv, 
cf. N. on I. 3. § 2 (beginning). — — aaodidvxBv, he has stripped, i. e. 
plundered. 

24. rovrov .... Ttoiovac, you will treat him contrary {ravavrla. S. 

§ 186. N. 2) to the manner, in which they treat dogs. Sidiaai, 

pres. 3 pers. plur. of (5Y(%u (a poetic form of &'«), as xi&iaai is form- 
ed from tCd-Tifxi (S. § 117. N. 2). Carmichael sub hac voce quotes 
Porson's remark: "the Attic bee (i. e. Xenophon) does not dislike 
words and phrases both poetic and Doric, of which no trace is found 
in other Attic writers, when they give elegance and vigor to his 
style." 

25. dTttjx&o/iitjv. The aorist is here used for the perfect tense. 

Cf. S. § 212. N. 1. /n^irrja&i. S. § 209. N. 4. ei Si . . . . 

Smy.ovgrjoa, but if I protected any one from the storm. Mt. § 411. 5. 

26. 7tsoityiv£To, he was superior to his accusers, i. e. he was hon- 
orably acquitted. 



350 NOTES. [Book VI. 



BOOK VI. 

CHAPTER I. 

4. xaraxeffuroi after the Oriental manner. oripdoiv, couches 

made of grass, straw, or leaves. 1% y.tgaxlvo>v norrigCmv, out cj 

cups of horn. 

5. onovdal, libations. The Greeks at feasts, before drinking made 
a libation to the good spirit (dya&ov daC^ovoq) of unmixed wine, of 
which each guest drank a little. This ceremony was accompanied 
with the singing of the psean and the music of flutes. Afterwards 
mixed (i. e. diluted) wine was brought in, and with the first cup the 
guests drank to Aibq Swryooq. After the onordat were made, the del- 
tzvov, dinner, closed, and at the introduction of the dessert (Ssvtbqcu 
xodntX^ai) the av^noatov commenced. At the symposia, music and 
dancing with various other amusements were introduced, and spright- 
ly conversation, sallies of wit, and the discussion of the subjects of 
the day enlivened and gave interest to the entertainment. Cf. Smith's 

Diet. pp. 321, 832, 926. nqbq avlbv = to the music of the flute. 

7tf7zXtjy£vai, to have been killed. rsx^mooq nwq, by some kind of 

trick. 

6. dvixQayov. They thought the man was really slain. 2i- 

rdXy.av, i. e. a song in which were sung the praises of Sitalcas. one of 

their kings, celebrated for his goodness. l£t'q>tgov eig rs&vtjy.ora, 

bore him forth for burial, as if he were dead. 

7. y.ag7toLtar, karpaia, a mimetic dance. S. § 164. 

8. anetget y.al t,fvyt}Xare~t. This was done in pantomime. k%- 

orrjq, i. e. a pretended robber. iv gv&fxw ngbq rbv avXov. rhyth- 
mically to the flute, i. e. in time with the music of the flute. 

*.».x4q*. S. §137. N. 1. 

9. y.cu tork — ror\ d>, at one time — at another. wq dvo dvri-^, 

tatrofiivm', as if two were opposed to him. ibxuptora, threw 

himself head foremost, i. e. he performed a kind of somerset. 

10. IJegoiHov, sc. 00^7/^a, a Persian dance, which, from the genu- 



Chap. I.] NOTES. 351 

flexions with which it was performed, was called bxXaafia. Cf. Cyr. 
VIII. 4. § 12. 

11. Ttyoqodoiq, solemn thanksgivings, when pagans were sung to 
Apollo and the other gods. 

12. IIv(>(Uxrjv. The movements of this war-dance were very light 
and rapid. Hence the name of the Pyrrhic foot (u u). In the Doric 
states, where its origin is to be traced, it served as a preparation for 
war, but at Athens and other of the non-Doric cities, it was merely 
mimetic to entertain company. It was introduced to the public games 
at Rome by Julius Csesar. 

13. at rQEipdfitrcu. A sportive exaggeration of what is narrated, I. 
10. § 3. 

15. 'Ag^rtjv, now called Ak-Liman, i. e. the White Harbor. 

fitdtyivovq. The medi?nnus was the principal dry-measure of the 

Greeks, and contained 11 galls. 7.1456 pints. y.fgo.^ua. This was 

a liquid-measure containing 5 galls. 7.577 pints. Cf. Smith's Diet. 
Gr. and Rom. Antiq. p. 616. 

18. ny.ojoifjq, sc. yvil)^r\q, the prevailing opinion, i. e. the will of the 
majority. 

20. 7t -rj f.ih v corresponds with bncre <5' av, §21, infra. Cf. N. on 

III. 1. § 12. vofi%wr, when he reflected. tj'/ov, perchance, 

possibly. S. § 168. N. 2. 

21. avroy.fjciroga yevtod-on cLqxqvtcc, to be commander-in-chief. 
x)]v 7igoeigyaaiihvt\v §6$av, the glory which he had previously ob- 
tained, in conducting the retreat of the army. 

22. dvo isgslct,. Zeune remarks, that two or more victims were 
brought to the altar, so that if auspicious omens did not attend the 
sacrifice of the first, another might be slain. 

23. dsgibv. " When the Greeks were seeking omens from the flight 
of birds, they stood with the face to the north. Hence the favorable 
quarter of the heavens was on their right. The Romans on the con- 
trary, when taking auguries of this sort, looked towards the south, 
and therefore the propitious region of the heavens was on their left. 
This will account for the apparent disagreement in the writings of the 
two people, the Roman omen on the left being fortunate, which to 
the Greek would have been unlucky, and vice versa. As it respects 
the kind of omens, sometimes the mere appearance of a bird was 
deemed sufficient (especially if it appeared to a traveller on his road) ; 
thus the Athenians always considered the appearance of an owl as a 
lucky sign ; hence the proverb, ylavs inx ax at, the owl is out = we 
shall have good luck." Smith's Diet. Gr. and Rom. Antiq. p. 348- 

■ oft ptyaq (.ilv oioivbq is conformed to I'Xiysv, the construction 



352 NOTES. [Book VL 

suited to wqntQ being jutyav ph* olojvbv. fifyaq, i. e. portending 

great things, ovx idiojriy.oq. The omen was to a person of official 

dignity, inasmuch as the eagle was the bird of Zeus. Inlnovoq, 

'portentous of great toil. xgrjf.iartarixbv, relating to an increase 

of wealth. paXXov, sc. tj xa&^fisvov, rather than while in a sitting 

posture. 

25. TtgotfiaXXovTo avrov, they proposed him (i. e. Xenophon). 

26. sin eg avO-gwnoq tf/.u =since I have all the feelings of a man, 

in respect to an appointment so honorable. ipol .... xovro, 

nor furthermore do I think it at all safe for me. 

28. 7t(ga, beyond is here taken absolutely (Butt. Lexil. No. 91), 
somewhat in the sense ofvneg to [lixgov. oixvoov, without author- 
ity — null and void. 

29. e% nva. He seems to refer to Chirisophus, and therefore, in 
order to give no offence, employs ax&opsvov instead of ataaKx^ovra. 

31. nlttovoq irdiov, there was need of a more cogent reason, viz., 

that drawn from the will of the gods. 6fivvo) .... ndoaq. The 

same formula of swearing is found, VII. 6. § 18 ; Cyr. VI. 4. § 6. So 

Demosth. de Cor., rolq &eolq tvxofjtcU naai xal ndoaiq. t\ pr\v 

confirms the oath. Ifiol before v7toarijvai limits fiilxiov. &qre 

.... yvM'cu^diaqxxvwq, § 24. Ui<imt[v signifies in this place, one who 

is unskilled in the science of divination. 

32. old* av I'yojye iotaalaQov. A similar protestation to the one 

made by Xenophon, § 29. Zfvoywvta .... iXoptvoi, yet, said he, 

you have done a favor to Xenophon by not choosing him. What is 
here said shows, that the worst fears of Xenophon would have been 

realized, had he accepted the command offered to him. xal pd- 

Xa . ... oiyd^ovtoq, and that too in spite of my efforts to silence him, 
c O de, i. e. Dexippus. alxhv refers to Xenophon. 



CHAPTER II. 

2. inl rbv Klgfagov — xarapijvou. " Male vertit Hutchinsonus ad 
Cerberum descendisse, quod esset, ngbq Ktgpegov. Verte ad Cerbe- 
rum petendum descendisse." Porson. 

4. &av(io£o) — twv argarriyojv. The genitive in this case, shows 
in whom a certain quality is found, which quality is contained in the 
proposition beginning with on ov. I wonder at the generals = I won- 
der at this (i. e. on .... oittigsaiov) in the generals. Cf. Mt. § 317. 
Obs. ; S. § 182. 

5. "AXXoq .... pvgtovq, another said, \ not less than ten thousand.' 



Chap. III.] NOTES. 353 

The ellipsis of of IxdUvoe alxtiv gives life to the passage. ^iwv 

y.a&r] t ufi'm', while we are sitting here in consultation. 

6. noovfidXXovxo, they began to nominate. Ol tf lo/vowq dnt- 

fid'/ovro, but they wholly declined the service. 

8. %yv dyoodv, the market, i. e. provisions sold in the market. 

9. diayd-ti'QuvT^v nqdgiv follows fjxmvxo, as the genitive denoting 
the crime. S. § 183. 1. 

10. f j'cc *AQ-r\vaiov. They considered Xenophon as the real leader, 

although Chirisophus had been chosen to the office. to^ .... 

thai, but that the rest of the army ioas nothing comparatively. 

y.al y\v dt x. x. X. An explanatory clause thrown in by the historian. 

14. avxol refers to Chirisophus and Neon. Sid xavxa, i. e. for 

the reasons just mentioned. xolq yeyevrjfitvoiq, L e. his loss of the 

chief command, and the desertion of his soldiers. 

15. \xi fih,-for some time. Tiaqafidvavxaq refers to the third 

division of the army, spoken of in the following section. 

17. v.axd fieoov 7tojq xr[q 0§%y.>q& about the middle of Thrace, 



CHAPTER III. 

1. "Op [juv olv k. r. X. Schneid., Krtig., and some others, make 
this exordium to commence the sixth book. It is omitted in the Eton 
MSS., and bracketed by Dind., Born., and Poppo. 

2. 01 phv \4qy.ddaq, i. e. the division which followed Lycon and 

Callimachus, and were now led by ten generals. to avxov Xd/oq, 

his own division (literally, lot, portion), consisting of 450 men. 

3. HvrtftdXovTo 6h y.al Xocpor, they agreed upon a hill. 

4. to ovyy.df.uvov, sc. x o} Qt° v > the place of rendezvous, 

5. xtojq, i. e. until they came to the ravine. xqinovxai, sc. ol 

Ooqy.sq. artoy.xt.vvvaoi, 3 pers. plur. pres. of d7toy.xlvvvf.11. S. § 117. 

N. 2. Xo/ov limits oxqaxnaxaq understood, with which o/.xii f.16- 

vovq agrees. 

6. d&7iXdovzq ovvtqotov, the numbers were continually increasing. 

7. ol fe refers to the Thracians. inCoitv, sc. ol "EXXijveq. 

8. xwv f.i$v refers to the Greeks, twv dh, to the Thracians. — — — 
xtXsvxwvxtq, at last. 

9. xd f.uv dXla, i. e. the other conditions of the treaty. ova 

iSCdoaav, were unwilling to give, " usu in hoc verbo frequentissimo." 
Kriig. h> xovxo) iG/txo, in this thing the treaty hung, i. e. the dis- 
agreement respecting the giving of hostages put a stop to the treaty. 

30* 



354 NOTES. [Book VI. 

10. Zsvo(po)VTi- — nogevoptvo), white Xenophon was marching. Cf. 
Butt. § 145. 5 ; Mt. § 562. 2. 

12. d iy.slvoi. The common reading is d y.al ixtlvoi anoXovvxai, 
also if they perish, a sense not unsuited to the context. 

.$ 14. oTQa.T07ztdevu){.t£&<x. S. §215. 1. y.aiobq refers to time, i. e. 

time for supper. Some refer it to a place suitable for pitching a camp, 
and at a convenient distance from the enemy. Weiske thinks that ref- 
erence is had to a due amount of exercise, so that the army might 
partake of their repast before becoming greatly fatigued. 

15. This section is parenthetic. ilq xa nXdyia, i. e. the parts 

lateral to their march. v.aUiv in order that these numerous fires 

might strike the Thracians with terror. Cf. § 19, infra. 

16. XqvoottoIiv, Chrysopolis, now Scutari, the Asiatic suburb of 
Constantinople, on the eastern shore of the mouth of the Bosphorus. 

17. xcHxtov iaxt diay.ivd'wevtiv, it is more hazardous to encounter 

danger. elq xavxbv iX&6vxaq, having come into the same place = 

having united our forces. y.otrfj f'xfa&ai, to make common 

cause in effecting our safety, t'xto&cu with the genitive signifies, to 

cleave to, to keep hold of Cf. Mt. § 330. 6 ; S. § 179. 1. n*ga- 

ay.maaafctvovq xrv yvojfirjr, having come to the determination. wq 

vvv — I'oxtv, that now is the time. 

18. xovq fifyaXrjyogrjoavxaq wq TtXtov cpgovovvxaq, those who boasted 

of having wisdom superior to us. xa.ntivo)aai, to humble. This 

beautiful sentiment reminds us of a letter of the Sultan Barsebai, 
quoted by Stocker (N. on Herod. VII. 10. § 5) from De Sacy's Chres- 
tom. Arab. " These are the words of the Most High: ' How many 
times has it not happened by divine permission, that a small troop 

has vanquished a numerous army !' " anb xo>v fcHv ag/of-uvovq 

= beginning every enterprise by asking counsel of the gods 

19. $cp ooov y.aXutq tf/ev, as far as it was proper. Ininagiov- 

xsq, going up. Cf. Thucyd. V. 10. § 8, with Bloomfield's note. 

<q oxgaxia = ol bnXlxcu, by its opposition to the preceding ol nsXxa- 
oxai. 

22. lldvO-avov .... yev6f.isvot, found themselves unawares upon the 
hill. inoXiogy.ovvxo has the force of the pluperfect. 

23. xojv y.ara?.s).£if,tav(ov, i. e. the old men and women, spoken of in 
the preceding section. 

24. y.ara bSbv, in the way leading to Calpe. acpixovto elq 

to aixb, i. e. ovvifii^av aXXtjXoiq. Kriig. 

25. xouxo, i. e. an attack upon them by night. 

26. xa nag riuiv. our situation. 



Chap. IV.] NOTES. 355 



CHAPTER IV. 

1. xfj iv x\\ 'Aota. The Thracians had long before this crossed 
over on the Asiatic side of the Bosphorus, and spread themselves 
in the fertile plains of Mysia and Phrygia. 

2. Kal Tgujoei, 7i).ovq. The idea is, that the distance from 

Byzantium to Heraclea, could only be rowed by a galley in one of 
the longest days, rjpf'gaq nlovq is like our expression, ' a day's sail.' 
iy.nlnxovxaq, being shipwrecked. 

3. iv xfj &a).axxij 7tQoy.skisvov, extended into the sea = a prom- 
ontory. ■ to fihv — xa&rjy.ov, 6 <5£ av/r]v, and to (f ivx'oq — %wqIov 

are in apposition with ngoytl^vov xwgtov, as parts subjoined to a 
whole. Mt. § 432. 3. ioxt, however, may be supplied after these nom- 
inatives. civxtjv, neck of land. The foundation of this metaphor 

is obvious. ivxoq xov avxtvoq = comprised within the limits of 

the promontory. 

7. tlq dh yfvofisvov. The usual interpretation, and one which 

is adopted by Weiske, Zeune, Born., Pop., and Kriig., is " in loco qui 
facile futurus fuisset oppidum." 

8. inl xavxrjvxriv fiio&o(pooav= for the sake of hire merely. The 
demonstrative pronoun here expresses emphasis. Cf. Mt. § 472. b. 

■ oi fihv y.al avdoaq dyovxsq, ol dh y.ctX 7TQoqavrj).(oy.6xsq xgrfuaxa. The 

text is so obscure, and the efforts of distinguished critics have proved 
so fruitless, in restoring what may be deemed the true reading, that 
I shall only adduce Bornemann's solution, which on the whole seems 
preferable, viz., to reject dvSgaq from the text and read, ol phv y.al 
ayovxtq, ot <$'£ aal 7tgoq<xvtj).ojy.6xsq /o^wara, some bringing their for- 
tunes with them, and others having already spent theirs. xoxtoyv 

ixtQoi, others of these. Kriiger regards I'reoot as here implying com- 
parison, others than these. Cf. Mt. § 366. d; S. § 186. 2. nolla 

y.al aya&a Ttuaxxstv = had amassed great fortunes. 

9. ovvodov depends upon vaxtga. S. § 186. 1. — — xovq w/.govq, 

i. e. those who had been slain by the Thracians. y.al oi>x olov x. 

x. X. Decomposition had so far progressed, that the bodies could not 

be removed from the place. id-axp'av .... y.d)Maxa, they buried 

with all the honors their circumstances would permit, hi xwv hnaq- 
%6vxo)v, according to their means. Cf. in xwv dwaxwr, IV. 2, § 23. 

It. y.axd xo'ioav . . . . oxoaxsvaa, that the army should resume the 
same order, which it had before the defection of the Arcadians. 

12. "Hdr n immediately. 'Hpfiq, i. e. the generals. €i noxs 

tXXoxs, if ever at any other time you were prepared to fight. 



356 NOTES. [Book VI. 

13. pio&oxjdftfvoq, having hired. " pio&oo), I let out, fita&oufictl xv 
I cause to let out to myself, i. e. I hire? Butt. § 135, 8. 

16. tlq TQlq, as many as three times. Cf. Vig. p. 226. XIV. ■ 

a fyovxeq tjk&ov, which they had when they came. 

18. o>q oTt. Matthiae (§ 539. 2) cites this passage as illustra- 
tive of his remark, that " sometimes the construction of a proposition, 
which properly is independent, is connected with a parenthesis," oxi 
here depending upon jjxovoa. Poppo and Kruger, however, find here 
two modes of construction combined in one proposition, the writer pro- 
ceeding with on, as though he had not commenced with a>?. Cf. Mt. 
§632. 

19. fiTj .... hqSJv, since the sacrifices were not propitious. 

20. cr/€ $6v .... arcana, almost all the army. 8ia .... noioiv, 

because it concerned all. 

21. Xaojq .... fipiv, perhaps the victims may be favorable to us. Cf. 
Thucyd. V. 54. § 2. 

22. 7tQo&vf,ielo&cu iX xi iv xovxio €ir\. Of the various solutions 
given to this troublesome passage, that seems most satisfactory, which 
supplies oxo7ielv before el' (Mt § 526), and refers xovxw to tw &v[iaxi, 
understood from i &vovxo : to pay close attention to the circumstances 
attending this sacrifice. 

24. ov (Atlov Ttsvxaxoolovq. Bornemann, following the common 
reading, inserts tj after /ufiov. For its omission, cf. Mt. § 455. Obs. 4. 

25. xQidxovxa. Kruger edits ntvxr\xovxa, on the ground that xoi- 
dxovxa would make the number too small. But it should be remem- 
bered that prompt assistance was needed, and hence the young and 
active were selected for the relief-party. 



CHAPTER V. 

2. ZTTsUdict, sc. kga. This sacrifice was offered by generals be- 
fore setting out on an expedition, in order to ascertain from the accom- 
panying signs, whether the enterprise would be successful or not. 

4. *En& 6^ .... cti'xobq, when the captains and soldiers of Neon had 
left (Weiske, vellentrelinquere, but Born, more correctly, reliquissenf) 
them, i. e. Neon and xbv dh byj-ov xal xa avSoanoda. 

7. ?'£« xojv y.ojfioJv, outside of the villages so as not to be molested 
by the enemy. h'xbq xijq cpdlayyoq, within the phalanx. No par- 
ties were permitted to leave the lines for the sake of plunder. 

9. Xo/ovq cpvXay.aq, companies of reserve. oi 7ioX/fiioi. . . axtgatovq, 

the enemy, when thrown into disorder by the main body of the Greeks, 
may meet these bodies of reserve being in good order and vigorous. 






Chap. V.] NOTES. 357 

ay.sQa.tovq, literally, not having mixed with the combatants ; hence 
fresh, vigorous for action. 

10. &q firj tor^yo)fiev, so that we may not be standing still, which 
would appear to the enemy the result of fear. 

13. on.... nootlav, what it was which stopved the march. S. 
§ 140. 3. 

14. ovdf'va, i&eXovoiov, have never led you into unnecessary 

(literally, voluntary) danger, ngohvib), to be the ngo&roq of one, to 
introduce one to another, as a ngo&voq would, the citizen of a state 
connected by hospitality ; hence tropically, to lead one into a place or 
situation. As parallel to y.lvSwov i&tXovaiov, cf. ty.ovoCwv y,iv6vvo)V, 
Thucyd. VII. 8. § 3 ; alO-aigerovq mvSvvovq, VIII. 27. § 3. There are 

some, however, who prefer to join i&t).ovoiov to the preceding /is. 

ov yag dvSgeiorrjra, for I see you in no want of glory as it relates 

to bravery, i. e. glory resulting from bravery. 

16. fiBra^cckXofievovq, sc. xa onla, with weapons turned away (lit- 
erally changed) = with the back to the enemy. 

18. To 6k ... . a&ov ; since we must fight, is it not an advantage 
worth seizing upon, to cross over and place a valley in our rear ? The 

subject of this sentence is to — yzoirioao&ai. simoga. Some of 

the greatest masters in the science of war, have laid it down as a 
rule, to leave open to the enemy a way of retreat, in order that they 
may not fight with the bravery of despair. 

19. twv aMtav we dictninogav[A.t&a xoigtwv by attraction for xojv 
ccXkcov x^Qtwv a SianeTtogei^isO-a. 

20. &gsxp6fis&a,, fut. mid. shall support ourselves. 

21. olo)vol aXavoi refers to the eagle spoken of, § 2, supra. ■ 

v Io)f.av inl rovq avSgaq. The asyndeton gives life and force to the ex- 
hortation. 

22. y . . . . ojv, in whatever part of the valley each one happened to 

be. trjv ytyvgav. This shows that the vo\noq was a marshy valley, 

or that in certain seasons of the year, water flowed through it, as in a 
Xagadga. Some think that yicpvgctv in this passage means nothing 
more than a narrow way. i^f.irjgvovro, they defied. 

25. Sgofio) dioi/.stv, to go running. The transitive sense of <5Ywx« is 
the more usual one. Cf. Butt. Lexil. No. 40. p. 232. 
29. ani&avov <T 6/Jyoi refers to the enemy. 



358 NOTES. [Book VI. 



CHAPTER VI. 

2. lldpfiavov ol Utovtaq, i. e. the plunder belonged to those who 
took it. Schneider added the article, which is retained in the best 
editions. 

3. y.arijyov, sc. raq vavq, brought their ships into port. 

5. rtrhq oixoftevoi dkXoi akkrj. The readings of the MSS. are va- 
rious. The text is Dindorf 's, which Poppo approves, and which dif- 
fers only from Schneider's reading in the substitution of dXkot for al- 
Xoq. Born, proposes nveq olx6 t uevoi aXXoot, which gives no suitable 
sense to the passage. The conjecture of Kriig. is worthy of consider- 
ation, that y.ai should be placed after ol/o^iavot, making SlXXoi elq rb 
oQoq refer to a party, who had gone to the mountain (VI. 4. § 5) for 

wood, there being no villages whence plunder could be taken. 

elfojytaav refers to inl Xstav nvtq oi/o/navov, who it seems had strag- 
gled away from the main body, and fallen in with large flocks of sheep 
pastured upon the mountains. 

7. TttQirvyJiiV, falling in with. ciray.aXovvTtq rbv TtQodorrjv, 

crying, the traitor ! The article implies that Dexippus was the one, 
to whom of all others the epithet nQodorrjq belonged. Cf. Mt. § 268, 
p. 470 ; S. § 139. N. 2. 

8. ravra ytvt'o&ou is an adnominal genitive after aXnov. For the 
omission of the article, cf. Mt. § 542. b. 

9. ax&to&flq being chagrined. 

10. rbv ao^avxa pdUsn; i. e. the ringleader of those, who attempt- 
ed to strike Dexippus. 

11. did tilovq = diet navxbq, continually, during the whole time of 

the expedition. *| ov, i. e. on account of his friendship for Xeno- 

phon. nag bh'yov, of little account. (jpa^Aov, small, trifling. 

13. olroq, Cleander, who was then harmostes of Byzantium. Cf. 
VI. 4. § 18. — — ctrbfiovq, lawless, i. e. not subject to law, as bandits, 
robbers, &c. — — ouroq 6 Xoyoq, this report concerning our lawless- 
ness. 

15. iyoj fxtv ovv is repeated in this sentence, in consequence of the 

parenthesis commencing with y.cil yaq htoyfo. vpaq rfjq alrfaq. 

S. § 180. 2. y.aradixd^co l^avzov. S. § 183. R. 2. T>£ 

iaxdrrjq dty.7jq, i. e. death. 

18. fM\ iyJwre — 7toXef.istt£. In prohibitions or entreaties, the aor- 
ist subjunctive or present imperative follows (.ly, according as the ac- 
tion is to be expressed as momentary or continued. Cf. Butt. § 148. 
3 ; Mt. § 511. 3 j S. §§ 215. 5 : 218. 2. 



Chap. VI.'] NOTES 359 

22. iy ai Tf, for the purpose of. d&innov. The repetition ol 

his name gives emphasis to the treachery charged upon him in cmo- 
dgavra and nqoSovra. 

23. to ircl rovtto, as far as it depended upon him. anoltola- 

ftsv u aliquanto vividius est quam si dixisse oLnwXofit&cc ar." Kruof. 

■ "Hxovt yag, uj^tziq rj/uelq v.. r. X. It appears that the first definite 

information respecting these impassable rivers, was received by the 
Greeks at Cotyora (V. 6. § 9), after Dexippus had deserted. Reference 
in this place is therefore doubtless had, to some general report of 
the difficulties attending a journey by land, made to the Greeks while 
they lay at Trebizond. 

24. Tovrov .... acpstkc/LiiiVyfrom a fellow of such a character I res- 
cued the man. Cf. N. on III. 1. § 30. 

27. d y.al maybe rendered although, when as here the apodosis is 
negative. 

28. i!va ptjfelq, that no one might noise it abroad. mlq Xrj- 

orcuq refers to the party who had taken the noopaxa (§5, supra), and 
wished through the aid of Dexippus to keep them as private booty. 

30. Joaxovnov. The same who presided over the games, IV. 8. 
§ 25. The reader cannot but sympathize with the army in the inter- 
est which they felt for Agasias, than whom, to no captain were they 
more indebted for the retreat, which they had so successfully and 
gloriously made. 

34. ro) 2io), i. e. Castor and Pollux. avtloi — ?}, other than, 

different from. 

36. aAA«, well then. ixtlo?, i. e. at Byzantium. 



360 NOTES. [Book VII. 



BOOK VII. 

CHAPTER I. 

8. d fe firj, othervrise. Cf. N. on IV. 3. § 6. ov raxv it-t'QTrtt, 

is slowly creeping out. This shows the reluctance with which the ar- 
my left the town. 

11. oxv .... cdxi&atTai, that he should blame himself for the con- 
sequences. The threat is designedly ambiguous. 

13. Kvvfaxoq. " Haud dubie Laco qui in Chersoneso bellum cum 
Thracibus gessit." Zeune. 

17. rrjv xv^ (literally, the claw) here signifies the projecting 
stone work, which protected the walls next to the sea from the force 
of the waves. By clambering up this mole, the soldiers were enabled 
to scale the walls and enter the city. 

19. I'vdov, i. e. within their houses. So Weiske. 

20. KaXxr\86voq, now Cadiqua (KaMxio'Cov) opposite Constantino- 
ple, on the northern shore of the Marmora. 

22. 'A XX' si rs Xeysre. By apparently acceding to the wishes of 
the army, Xenophon succeeded in restoring order, and prevented the 
soldiers from committing those excesses, which in the end would have 
proved fatal to their best interests. 

25. t(v . . . . /ao^c^tf^a, but if we should indulge our wrath, i. e. 

give scope to our desires for vengeance. tv\v ovde'v alrlav, in no 

respect toblame. a I'otou ivriv&ev=what will be the consequences. 

27. $v tfi TioXn, i. e. iv tfj axQ07z6Xsi. Cf. Thucyd. II. 24. 

I'/ovriq, having charge of, i. e. the cities here spoken of, committed 
themselves to the patronage and guardianship of the Athenians. 

30. rolq ro)v 'EXXrjvojv .... rvyx^vnv, by persuading the masters of 
the Greeks (i. e. the Lacedsemonians), to endeavor to obtain your rigfits. 

fyi&q del x. t. A., i. e. by an impotent attempt to avenge your own 

wrongs, you ought not to preclude yourselves from your own country. 

33. xa&r\f.uvoiv, " remaining in quiet expectation.'''' Belf. axqa- 

ryyiwvj desiring the office of a general. elq ay&ovfav = acp&ovwq. 



Chap. II.] NOTES. 361 

39. Mala, fcoXiq, " non sine magna difficultate." Sturz. 

41. 'End aww, literally, but when there was wanting much to 

him, i. e. when he fell far short of having enough provisions, so that 
each soldier might have one day's allowance. anunuvy re- 
signing. 



CHAPTER II. 

3. ret orcXa an odido psvot, selling their weapons. 

5. oaov ov 7TagsCrj, literally, he was only not present = he was al- 
most present. The phrase is elliptical : he was only so much wanting 
as was necessary to make him not present. Cf. Butt. § 150. p. 434. 

7. naxa xa ovyy.st/nsva, according to agreement. Cf. VII. 1. § 2. 

3 Ava£i(l£ov [ilv rj/nsXtjat. A merited recompense for the treachery 

and cupidity of the Spartan admiral. 

8. Ilt'Qiv&oV) Perinthus, a city of Thrace, W. of Byzantium, now 
called Erekli. 

9. hjq dta^Tjaousvot, hoping to cross over. Cf. N. on I. 1. § 7. 

10. avxw tzbCosiv, saying what he thought (i. e. making such 

promises as he thought) would induce him. ovdYv yevt'o&ai, 

none of these things, or nothing of this sort was possible. Cf. N. on I. 
3. § 17. 

12. \nqaxxt: 7tsgl 7ilotm>, negotiated for vessels. 

18, Tivqoiq igtjpoiq, i. e. fires having no guards around them. 

20. avaTnjSriGavxtq l$vo)x6Vy leaping upon their horses, they gallop- 
ped away to inform Seuthes. 

23. xf'gaxa oXvov nqovnivov, they drank to one another in a horn of 
wine. 

26. v I&i vvv, come now drp^yrjaai. Xenophon here calls upon 

Medosades, to report to Seuthes the reply made to his proposals, 
which Medosades does in the next section. 

29. Nvv xotvw, noio then. 

30. ov IX&wv ei7z>, do you go and say to them. 

33. slq anopX(7to)v. looking for sustenance to the table of anoth- 
er. Ivdtyqioq,. as Kriig. remarks, is equivalent to h^oxgdne^oq. 

Cf. § 38, infra. 



31 



362 NOTES. [Book VII. 



CHAPTER III. 

2. bSov laoat, not to go, literally, to let alone the way. 

3. ovtoq 6h 6 avrhq. Some MSS. and editions omit the article, 
which would give the signification, hie ipse, instead of hie idem, a 
sense which the passage evidently demands. 

4. rovro povXsvoio&e, i. e. "utrum Aristarcho parendum an eun- 
dum sit ad Seuthen." Weiske. 

5. ol qzrovq, those who are weaker than you. nq = ixaaxoq 

(i. e. Seuthes and Aristarclms), S. § 148. N. 1. 

7. nUlatotv ay.ovovtojv, in the hearing of as many as possible. 

ch'tw, i. e. Xenophon. 

8. vno .... i£av(o&ai, we shall think ourselves hospitably entertain- 
ed by you. 

10. t« vo^o [itvay that which is customary. Cf. VII. 2. § 36. — . — 

*£w, in addition to. a£twow avrhq. S. § 144. N. 2. EW xav- 

xa diatt&ffuvoq, in order that by the sale of it. 

11. diur/.sir xal fiaoteveiv, to pursue and search out. 

13. /tiftwv yao firj. For the omission of ozi before this optative, 
cf. Mt. § 529. 3 j S. § 216. N. 4. evo W a. Cf. N. on II. 3. § 18. 

16. I'aoiTo, sc. o'ti from the preceding context. Cf. S. § 216. N. 
4 (second paragraph). 

17. y.al si xal xaxojq noitiv is regarded by Bloomfield (N. on Thucyd. 

VIII. 82. § 3), as almost an adagial expression. apenov v/iiv dta- 

y.Uaixai, it will be disposed of more to your advantage. 

18. ranidaq, carpets. Toiavra /r^ovuvaxo, " talibus verbis hor- 

tatus dona captabat." Weiske. 

19. allot, rwv vf.isrtQo)v. Zeune thinks that Alcibiades is here al- 
luded to. Cf. Corn. Nep. Alcib. VII. 4. See also Hell. II. 1. § 25. 

21. xadi]fiavoiq. The Thracians sat at their meals, instead of re- 
clining as did the Greeks. 

22. oaov pevov yevoao&at, sufficient only for a taste. 

23. cpaynv feivbq, a very great eater. — — da %aiQu,v, paid no re- 
gard to. iQi%otviy.ov. A xolvi$ was one day's allowance. 

29. rjdr] .... irvyxav£v,for he had by chance now drank rather too 
freely. 

30. xovtovq = here. S. § 149. N. 1. 

32. fiayddt. The magadis was a stringed instrument of great 
compass, introduced originally into Greece from Asia Minor. The 
one used by Anacreon is said to have had twenty strings. 



Chap. IV.] NOTES. 363 

45. oxt, .... 3f'$, that you will not need me alone, i. e. that I alone 

without the troops can render you no essential aid. dga[,iouvx<u, 

fut. middle derived from the supposed theme JPEMJ1. Cf. Butt. 
Irreg. Verbs, p. 247. 

46. iTod^a^f. Carmichael (Gr. Verbs, p. 287) derives xqo'/d^ 
from Too^aw, an Epic form of Tgt'x<D. 

47. xdds Srj, sc. iaxCv, those things have happened. fQtifioi, i. e. 

without leaders, and apart from the main army. ■ ovoxdrxtq 

aO-qooL 7zov, collecting' somewhere. 



CHAPTER IV. 

4. &X(07tey.tdaq, caps made of foxes 1 skins. ^sigaq. These seem 

to have been outside trowsers drawn loosely over the inner garment, 
as an additional protection against the cold. 

5. twi> alxpaXoixwv, sc xtvdq. xal (before xovxo)v), also " sicut 

illorum vicos de quibus dictum est § 1, supra." Weiske. r« 

Xiuo), which would follow the burning of their villages and provisions. 

7. "Eniad-(vi\q. This person must not be confounded with the Am- 
phipolitan Episthenes, who commanded the targeteers at Cunaxa (I. 
10. § 6), and to whose care the Armenian youth was committed (IV. 
6. § 1.) 

10. firjdexegov, neither. 7zsQt,Xapm>, embracing. 

11. iv .... Oqk£1, among those called the mountain Thracians. 

12. iv xdlq oxsyvolq, in the covered places = in the houses. 

13. riyyvdxo, pledged himself to them, became security. 

15. I'cpctoctv refers to the Thynians who were captured. wq 

a7tox6ipovxsq, in order to break off. 

16. Ixuv r\dri wq oxxor/.aCSey.a. Schneider thinks that Xenophon re- 
marked on the age of this youth, because the strength of a full grown 
man was requisite for blowing the trumpet. 

19. xdlq 7TQojxoiq, in relation to others of Seuthes's men, who came 
up afterwards. 

21. xqinXaatav Svvafiiv, i. e. three times the number of troops he 
had, when the Greeks first became his allies. 



CHAPTER V. 

5. wq dtl ■/.riSsoQ'cu Usv&ov, to care for the interests of Seuthes as 
you ought. — — el ^ aXXojq idvvo), if you could have effected it in no 
other way. — — xctl a7Tod6/nevoq x. x. A. A proverbial phrase, as 



364 NOTES. [Book VII. 

Bloomfield (N. on Luke 22 : 36) says, by which a thing is counselled 
to be done at any rate. Cf. Thucyd. VIII. 81. 

8. avro", i. e. Xenophon. i/utyvrjto refers to Seuthes. 

9. txi ar o), further up from the sea-coast into the interior. 

13. arr\laq .... XrjiXovrat, the sense is, having defined their res- 
pective limits with pillars, each plunders the wrecks which fall within 
his section. The following extract from Perkins's Residence in Per- 
sia, will illustrate the dangerous navigation of this part of the Euxine. 
" We left the Bosphorus and entered the Black Sea about noon. A 
thick, damp fog still filled the atmosphere, and vividly impressed us 
with the appropriateness of the appellation — Black, or dark, Sea. 
From the head of the Bosphorus, the shores, on both sides, recede at 
right angles, and, as a bend occurs in the Straits a few miles below, 
it is almost impossible for vessels coming down to find the entrance, 
especially when the fog prevails. Terrible wrecks occur there, in al- 
most every storm. Beclouded in mist and fog, the doubtful mariner 
creeps along, and uncertain, yet hoping, that he has gained the en- 
trance is decoyed into some treacherous nook and dashed in a mo- 
ment upon the foaming rocks. There are few points in any sea nav- 
igated by Europeans, which are so perilous." p. 83. 



CHAPTER VI. 

3. nagayuv, sc. the Lacedaemonian ambassadors. inl Uvlq, 

sc. rQa7tiXjl' 

5. *Aq ovv .... a7rayo)y?jq, will he not then be opposed to our lead- 
ing away the army ? In his note on aga $, Soph. Electr. 446, Prof. 
Woolsey cites Buttmann's acute observation (Index to Plato's Four 
Dialogues. 4th ed. Berlin, 1822) under aga, " aga /mj. sicut fty solum, 
interrogat in re incredibili, ita tamen ut aga addat fere aliquam sollici- 
tudinem, sive veram sive fictam, ne forte ab altero affirmetur." 
Cf. Mt. § 608. Obs. 3. 

15. Ttfgl wv = ixttvwv ntgl &v, of which equivalent, Ixdvtav limits 
alxtav. Sturz makes nsgl wv = ntgl ixetvwv ncgl on: 

16. t« Tf/ra^n', that I having received your pay from Seu- 
thes, am managing to deceive you. a>v = ixdvwv a, of which IxeC- 

vwv depends on arsgolto. S. § 181. 2. "5 

17. lav ... . xgr\[A,ata, if you exact from him the money. 

19. ixT] .... h'ioh no, not even as much as some of the captains. 

20. rr\v yvoi{,ir\v. Xenophon uses a mild expression because Seu- 
thes was present. 

21. aloxvp-rj. Cf. N. on II. 3. § 22. 



Chap. VII.] NOTES. 365 

22. ?V ys . . . . (pv).ay.ri, " si qua est ab amicis cautioP Kriig. 

23. toi'/toji iravTi'nv, in the presence of this man. 

24. 7tQQ<iCoit(. The common reading is kqoqlr^ which Mt. (§ 525. 

d) disapproves, because a repeated action is spoken of. otwv. The 

Attics seldom use this form of the compound relative. Cf. Butt. § 77« 
N. 4. 

36. y.axaxsy.avoxtq. The common reading is y.axay.avovxfq. Cf. 
Butt. Irreg. Gr. Verbs, p, 157 ; Carmichael Gr. Verbs, Obs. sub voce 

XTtlvo) ; Mt. § 498. p. 836. h' to" pegti y.al naoa to jifyos, " cum 

officio suo functus turn prceter officii necessitatem." Zeune. These 
words correspond to our phrase, ' in turn and out of turn.' 

41. ego/it &a avrov, we shall lay hold of him. 

43. in arcoqQTiTw Tzoirjodfievoq, having enjoined secrecy. 



CHAPTER VII. 

3. IIoo)Jyof(er, we forewarn. d dh [ir\, otherwise. 

6. r\vMC,ov, remained, literally, encamped in the open air. Cf. 
II. 2. § 17. 

7. y.axa yqdroq. Kriig. concurs in Weiske's conjecture, that these 
words should be placed before xonjaq. But if l%6i>xm> De substituted 
for ty.ovxuv, the difficulty, resulting from the present collocation, dis- 
appears. 

8. ov% o7i(oq, not only not. On this phrase, cf. Butt. § 150. p. 433 ; 
Mt. § 623. 

14. xa SUaia, their wages, literally, what is just, or dice. 

15. Uyttv, Supply ke'yt drj. The first of two contrary condition- 
al propositions, is sometimes found without the apodosis. Cf. Butt. 
§ 151. IV. 4; Mt. §617. a. 

22. iToojTov y.<xrccori]<javT(xq, for in the first place, I know that 

next to the gods, these have made you distinguished, literally, have set 
you in a conspicuous place. 

24. 7tXaro)[itvovq, wandering about. " Significanter pro ovxaq? 

Weiske. xovxaav pta,, the words of these are not less effectual 

to accomplish what they desire, than the force of others. 

29. ai'dyxtj, by necessity, is opposed to yiL'a. 

33. iyy.aXovoiv, they demand in payment. This verb is used of a 
creditor summoning the debtor into court, in order to obtain judgment 
in his favor. 

40. AiaxQov ydo i\v,for it would have been disgracefid. For the 
omission of dv, cf. Mt. § 508. Obs. 2; S. § 213. N. 2. 
31* 



366 NOTES. [Book Vn. 

47. ool 7tQo?{ttvovq svsgysatav, having been first to show you kind- 
ness. Schneider says, that 7tQota&a.i, xivl tvegyeolav is significantly 
said. " cum quis prior beneficium confert in aliquem, incertus an gra- 
tiam apud ilium sit inituras." Cf. Plato's Gorgias. 520. C, with 
Woolsey's note. 

51. Tavra olov re, it is impossible that these things should be so. 

53. aXX y tj [tiy.Qov rt, except a very little. 

54. rtvoq *xti>v, whose talent shall I say I have? i. e. I shall be 

obliged to distribute this talent (thy present) also, and then say I have 

nobody's talent in my possession j I shall lose it. xovq nixqovq. 

Cf. VII. 6. § 10. 

57. ov 7tQoqr\si) did not come near the Lacedaemonian leaders who 
were distributing the money among the soldiers. His object was to 

avoid censure, by abstaining from all participation in the affair. 

aixaSs, i. e. w? oXxcids artiow. Krug. 



CHAPTER VIII. 

3. 7TaQB(jT^aam, placed by his side, caused to stand near. 

4. y Ef.i7t6dioq, obstacle, hinderance. ■ oXoxavxtlv, to offer a holo- 
caust, i. e. to burn the whole victim upon the altar. 

6. n^Ttqay.ivai, perf. infin. of Trmqaaxo). Xvaaptvoi, ransoming, 

redeeming, which is the leading sense of Xvmin the middle. 
9. avrov, i. e. Xenophon. 

20. acpvXaxTiir, sc. rot's 7ZoX*iilovq. 

21. i/ovaaq, reaching to. 

26. Zeune estimates the whole distance travelled 1039£ Saxon 
miles, each = 2£ British miles. 



30* 



TABLE OF MARCHES, DISTANCES, AND HALT 
DAYS IN THE ANABASIS 



NAMES OF PLACES. 



a 2 



From Sardis to the river Maeander, I. 2. § 5 

Colosse, § 6 

Celaenas, ^ 7-9 . 

Peltee, $ 10 ■ .: y . 

Kega/Ltoiv ayogav, §\Q 

Plain of Caystrus, § 11 

Thymbrium, § 13 . 

Tyriseum, § 14 . 

Iconium, $ 19 

Through Lycaonia, § 19 

Dana or Tyana, § 20 

Tarsus, <J 23 

River Sarus, 4. $ 1 

River Pyramus, 4. § 1 

Issus, 4."§$ 1-3 . 

Pylae Syriae, 4. § 4 

Myriandrus, 4. § 6 . 

Chalus, 4. § 9 

River Daradax, 4. $ 10 

Thapsacus, 4. <J 11 

River Araxes, 4. <$ 19 

Corsote, 5. $$ 1--4 . 

Pylse Babyloniae, 5. § 5 

Through Babylonia, 7. §§ 1—14 

* Battle Ground, 8. $ 1. 10. $ 1 

Night March to Ariaeus 

* This march is not included in the enumeration made in 
the note on II. 2. <$> 6. 



22 

8 

20 

10 

12 

30 

10 

10 

20 

30 

25 

25 

10 

5 

15 

5 

5 

20 

30 

15 

50 

35 

90 

15 

4 

4 



MARCHES DISTANCES, AND HALT-DAYS IN THE 
RETREAT. 



NAMES OF PLACES. 



With Ariajus, II. 2. 6 13 ; 3. 66 10, 17 ; 4. 6. 1 

Wall of Media, II. 4. $ 12 . 

Sitace on the river Tigris, II. 4. 6 13 

Opis on the river Physcus, II. 4. § 25 . 

Through Media, II. 4. 6. 27 . 

River Zabatus, II. 4. 6. 28 ; 5. 6, 1 

Villages where they enrolled slingers, &c, III. 3. 6, 11 

Larissa on the Tigris, III. 4. 6. 6. 6, 7 . 

Mespila,III. 4. §10 

Villages, III. 4. §§ 13-18 .... 
Through the Plain, III. 4. § 18 

'Villages where the wounded were taken care of, III. 
'Through the Plain, III. 4. $ 31 . 
Night March, III. 4. 6 37 
Villages in the Plain, III. 4. 6. 37— 5. $ 1 . 
Return March, lit. 5. 6, 13 .... 
Through the Carduchian Mts. IV. 1. §5—3. 6. 8 
Through the Plain of Armenia, IV. 4. § 1 . 
Sources of the Tigris, IV. 4. § 3 
River Teleboas, IV. 4. § 3 . 
Through the Plain to V-llages, IV. 4. 6 7 
To the Pass, IV. 5. § 7 

Eastern Branch of the Euphrates, IV. 5. §2 . 
Through the snow, IV. 5. §3 
Refreshment Villages, IV. 5. 6. 7 — 6. § 1 
With the mjfiagxfjq, IV. 6. §2. 
River Phasis (the* Arras), IV. 6. §4 
Mountains occupied by the Taochians, &c., IV. 6. 6, 5 
Through the country of the Taochi, IV. 7. (J 1 
Through the Chalybian country, IV. 7. 6, 15 
Through the Scythinian country, IV. 7. 6, 18 . 

Gymnias, IV. 7. $ 19 

Mount Theches, IV. 7. §§ 19, 20 . 

Through the Macronian country, IV. 8. §6, 1--8 

Sickness eaused by the honey, IV. 8. §6, 20--22 

Trapezus, IV. 8. (J 22 

Cerasus, V. 3. )2 

To the country of the Mossyncecians, V. 4. § 2 
Through the Mossyncecian country, V. 5. § 1 . 

Chalybians, V. 5. § 1 

Through the Tibarenian country to Cotyora, V. 5. § 3 
By sea to Sinope, VI. 1. §§ 14--17 
By sea to Heraclea, VI. 2. § 1 
Port of Calpe, VI. 3. § 24 . 
Chrysopolis, VI. 6. 38 . 



6. 6. 23-31 



368 



ABBREVIATIONS AND EXPLANATIONS 

S. stands for Sophocles' Greek Grammar. 



Mt. 


a 


" Matthias's " " 


Butt 


a 


" Buttmann's " " 


Vig. 

N. 


a 
u 


" Viger's Greek Idioms (Seager's ed.). 
" note. 


cf. 

C. V. 
X. T. L 


K 
It 

li 


" compare, consult. 
" connecting vowel. 
u y.arct to Xoittov = &c. 


th. 


U 


u theme. 


lit. 
pen. 

sc. 


a 
u 

u 


*' literally. 
11 penult 
" scilicet. 


synt. 


(( 


" syntax. 



The references to Buttmann, are made to his larger grammar 
translated by Dr. Robinson. 



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